Jacques Villon (July 31, 1875 - June 9, 1963) was a French cubist painter and printmaker. Events 30 BC - Battle of Alexandria: Mark Antony achieves a minor victory over Octavian 's forces but most of his army subsequently Year 1875 ( MDCCCLXXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 53 - Roman Emperor Nero marries Claudia Octavia 62 - Claudia Octavia commits Year 1963 ( MCMLXIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Cubism was a 20th century Avant-garde Art movement, pioneered by Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque, that revolutionized European
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Early Life
Born Gaston Emile Duchamp in Damville, Eure, in the Haute-Normandie region of France, he came from a prosperous and artistically inclined family. Damville is a commune and the seat of a canton in the Eure Department in the Haute-Normandie region in northern France Eure is a department in the north of France named after the Eure River. Haute-Normandie ( Upper Normandy) is one of the 26 regions of France. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. While he was a young man, his maternal grandfather Emile Nicolle, successful businessman and artist, taught him and his siblings.
Gaston Duchamp was the elder brother of:
- Raymond Duchamp-Villon (1876-1918), sculptor
- Marcel Duchamp (1887-1968), painter, sculptor and author
- Suzanne Duchamp-Crotti (1889-1963), painter
In 1894, he and his brother Raymond moved to the Montmartre area of Paris. Raymond Duchamp-Villon ( November 5, 1876 - October 9, 1918) was a French sculptor Marcel Duchamp (maʀsɛl dyˈʃɑ̃ (28 July 1887 &ndash 2 October 1968 was a French artist whose work is most often associated with the Dadaist and Surrealist Suzanne Duchamp-Crotti ( 20 October 1889 &ndash 11 September 1963) was a French Dadaist painter Year 1894 ( MDCCCXCIV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Montmartre is a hill (the butte Montmartre) which is 130 metres high giving its name to the surrounding district in the north of Paris in the 18th Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city There, he studied law at the University of Paris but received his father's permission to study art on the condition that he continue studying law. The historic University of Paris (Université de Paris first appeared in the second half of the 13th century
To distinguish himself from his siblings, Gaston Duchamp adopted the pseudonym of Jacques Villon as a tribute to the French medieval poet François Villon. François Villon (in modern French fʀɑ̃swa viˈjɔ̃ in fifteenth-century French viˈlɔn (c In Montmartre, home to an expanding art community, Villon lost interest in the pursuit of a legal career, and for the next 10 years he worked in graphic media, contributing cartoons and illustrations to Parisian newspapers as well as drawing color posters.
In 1903 he helped organize the drawing section of the first Salon d'Automne in Paris. Year 1903 ( MCMIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar or a Common year starting In 1903 the first Salon d'Automne (Autumn Salon was organized by Georges Rouault, André Derain, Henri Matisse and Albert Marquet as a In 1904-1905 he studied art at the Académie Julian. Year 1904 ( MCMIV) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year starting on Year 1905 ( MCMV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting The Académie Julian was an Art school in Paris, France. Rodolphe Julian established the Académie Julian in 1868 at the Passage
During the First World War Villon worked as a cartographer for the army.
At first, he was influenced by Edgar Degas and Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, but later he participated in the fauvist, cubist, and abstract impressionist movements. Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec (ɑ̃ʁi dø tuluz loˈtʁɛk (24 November 1864 &ndash 9 September 1901 was a French painter, printmaker, draftsman Les Fauves ( French for The Wild Beasts) were a short-lived and loose grouping of early Cubism was a 20th century Avant-garde Art movement, pioneered by Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque, that revolutionized European Abstract Impressionism is a type of Abstract painting (not to be confused with Abstract Expressionism, a similar but different movement where small brushstrokes build
By 1906, Montmartre was a bustling community and Jacques Villon moved to Puteaux in the quiet outskirts of Paris. Year 1906 ( MCMVI) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Puteaux is a commune in the western suburbs of Paris, France. There, he began to devote more of his time to working in drypoint, an intaglio technique that creates dark, velvety lines that stand out against the white of the paper. Drypoint is a Printmaking technique of the intaglio family in which an image is incised into a plate (or "matrix" with a hard-pointed "needle" Intaglio (pronounced in-TAL-yo ɪn'tælɪəʊ is a family of Printmaking techniques in which the image is incised into a surface known as the matrix or plate During this time he worked closely to develop his technique with other important printmakers such as Manuel Robbe.
His isolation from the vibrant art community in Montmartre, together with his modest nature, ensured that he and his artwork remained obscure for a number of years.
At his home, in 1911, he and his brothers Raymond and Marcel organized a regular discussion group with artists and critics such as Francis Picabia, Robert Delaunay, Fernand Leger and others that was soon dubbed the Puteaux Group. Francis-Marie Martinez Picabia ( January 22, 1879 - November 30, 1953) was a well-known painter and poet born of a French mother and Robert Delaunay ( April 12 1885 — October 25 1941) was a French artist who used orphism, similar to abstraction Joseph Fernand Henri Léger ( February 4, 1881 – August 17, 1955) was a French painter, sculptor, and The Section d'Or ("Golden Section" in French) also known as Groupe de Puteaux or Puteaux Group and based in the Paris suburb of Puteaux Villon was instrumental in having the group exhibit under the name Section d'Or after the "golden section" of classical mathematics. Their first show at La Botie gallery in October of 1912 involved more than 200 works by 31 artists.
In 1913, Villon created his cubist masterpieces — seven large drypoints in which forms break into shaded pyramidal planes. Year 1913 ( MCMXIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common That year, he exhibited at the famous Armory Show in New York City that helped introduce European modern art to the United States. Many exhibitions have been held in the vast spaces of US National Guard armories, but the Armory Show refers to the International Exhibition The City of New York The United States of America —commonly referred to as the His works proved popular and all his art sold. From there, his reputation expanded so that by the 1930s he was better known in the United States than in Europe. The 1930s were described as an abrupt shift to more radical and conservative lifestyles as countries were struggling to find a solution to the Great Depression.
Honors
An exhibition of Jacques Villon's work was held in Paris in 1944 at the Galerie Louis Carré, following which he received honors at a number of international exhibitions. Year 1944 ( MCMXLIV) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. In 1950, Villon received the Carnegie Prize, the highest award for painting in the world, and in 1954 he was made a Commander of the Legion of Honor. Year 1950 ( MCML) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Carnegie Prize is an international prize for artists awarded by the Carnegie Museum of Art in Pittsburgh Pennsylvania. Year 1954 ( MCMLIV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1954 Gregorian calendar) The following year he was commissioned to design stained-glass windows for the cathedral at Metz, France. Metz (mɛs in French) is a city in the northeast of France, capital of the Lorraine région and Préfecture In 1956 he was awarded the Grand Prix at the Venice Biennale exhibition. Year 1956 ( MCMLVI) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Venice Biennale (Biennale di Venezia also called in English the "Venice Biennial " is a major Contemporary art exhibition that takes place once
Among Villon's greatest achievements as a printmaker was his creation of a purely graphic language for cubism — an accomplishment that no other printmaker, including his fellow cubists Pablo Picasso or Georges Braque, could claim. Pablo Diego José Francisco de Paula Juan Nepomuceno María de los Remedios Cipriano de la Santísima Trinidad Martyr Patricio Clito Ruíz y Picasso (October 25 1881 &ndash April 8 1973 Georges Braque ( May 13, 1882 &ndash August 31, 1963) was a major 20th century French painter and sculptor
Villon died in his studio at Puteaux.
In 1967, in Rouen, his last surviving artist brother Marcel helped organize an exhibition called Les Duchamp: Jacques Villon, Raymond Duchamp-Villon, Marcel Duchamp, Suzanne Duchamp. Year 1967 ( MCMLXVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the 1967 Gregorian calendar. Rouen (ʁwɑ̃ in French) is the historical capital city of Normandy, in northwestern France on the River Seine, and currently the capital Some of this family exhibition was later shown at the Musée National d'Art Moderne in Paris. Centre Georges Pompidou (constructed 1971–1977 and known as the Pompidou Centre in English) is a complex in the Beaubourg area of the 4th arrondissement
Many important museums include works by Villon in their collections, including: Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco; Minneapolis Institute of Arts, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston; MOMA, New York City;, The University of Michigan Collection; The National Gallery of Art, Washington D. The Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco, comprising the M H de Young Memorial Museum in Golden Gate Park and the California Palace of the Legion of Honor The Minneapolis Institute of Arts ( MIA) is an encyclopedic fine Art Museum located in the Whittier neighborhood of Minneapolis, The Museum of Fine Arts in Boston, Massachusetts, is one of the largest museums in the United States attracting over one million visitors a year The Museum of Modern Art (MoMA is an art museum located in Midtown Manhattan in New York City, USA, on 53rd Street between Fifth This article is about the National Gallery of the United States for other National Galleries see National Gallery. C. ; The Art Gallery of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; La Bibliothèque Nationale in Paris; and Musee Jenisch, Vevey, Switzerland. Leading private collections which include the works of Villon are the Joachim Collection of Chicago, the Vess Collection of Detroit, and the Ginestet Collection of Paris.
References
- Tomkins, Calvin, Duchamp: A Biography. Henry Holt and Company, Inc. , 1996. ISBN 0-8050-5789-7
External links
- Francis Steegmuller Collection of Jacques Villon. General Collection, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University. Yale University 's Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library (BRBL was a 1963 gift of the Beinecke family
- Artcyclopedia Links to Villon's works
- Jacques Villon.info
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