| Western Philosophy 17th-century philosophy |
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Jakob Arminius, theologian
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| Name |
Jakob Arminius
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| Birth | October 10, 1560 |
| Death | October 19, 1609 |
| School/tradition | Calvinism, Molinism |
The Dutch Reformed theologian Jacobus Arminius (also known as Jacob Arminius, James Arminius, and by his Dutch birthname Jacob Harmenszoon) (October 10, 1560–October 19, 1609), served from 1603 as professor in theology at the University of Leiden. 17th century philosophy in the Western world is generally regarded as being the start of Modern philosophy, and a departure from the medieval approach Events 680 - Battle of Karbala: Shia Imam Husayn bin Ali, the grandson of the Prophet Muhammad, is decapitated Events 202 BCE - The Battle of Zama results in the defeat of Carthage and Hannibal. Calvinism (sometimes called the Reformed tradition, the Reformed faith, or Reformed theology) is a theological system and an approach to the Not to be confused with the quietist doctrine of Miguel de Molinos. The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands Dutch Reformed Church (in Dutch: Nederlandse Hervormde Kerk or NHK was one of many branches of churches coming out of the Protestant Reformation in Europe Christian Theology is discourse concerning Christian faith Christian theologians use biblical Exegesis, rational analysis and argument Events 680 - Battle of Karbala: Shia Imam Husayn bin Ali, the grandson of the Prophet Muhammad, is decapitated Events 202 BCE - The Battle of Zama results in the defeat of Carthage and Hannibal. Leiden University (Universiteit Leiden located in the city of Leiden, is the oldest University in The Netherlands. He wrote many books and treatises on theology and became prominent for his opposition to the five points of Calvinism, though in actuality he objected to only three: unconditional election, limited atonement, and irresistible grace. Calvinism (sometimes called the Reformed tradition, the Reformed faith, or Reformed theology) is a theological system and an approach to the Unconditional election is the Calvinist teaching that before God created the world he chose to save some people according to his own purposes and apart from any conditions Limited atonement (or definite atonement or particular redemption) is a Doctrine in Christian theology which is particularly associated with Irresistible Grace (or efficacious grace) is a Doctrine in Christian theology particularly associated with Calvinism, which teaches that the
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Life
See also: History of Calvinist-Arminian Debate
Arminius, born at Oudewater, Utrecht, became an orphan while still in infancy when his father Herman (the name Arminius/Armin represents a Latinized form of Harmenszoon, "Hermannson", Herman's son) died, leaving his wife a widow with small children. Arminiusjpg|thumb|200px| Jacobus Arminius (1560-1609 who gave his name to Arminianism. Oudewater is a municipality and a town in the Netherlands, in the province of Utrecht. Utrecht ( ˈyːtrɛxt is the smallest province of the Netherlands, and is located in the center of the country Arminius, also known as Armin or Hermann (18 BC/17 BC - AD 21) was a chieftain of the Cherusci who defeated a Roman army in the For the 2007 film see Armin (film Armin is a given name or surname and may be a German given name the modern form of Arminius [1] A priest, Theodorus Aemilius, adopted Jacobus and sent him to school at Utrecht. Utrecht ( city and municipality is the capital and most populous city of the Dutch province of Utrecht. His mother was slain during the Spanish massacre of Oudewater in 1575. About that year the kindness of friends (see Rudolph Snellius) enabled Arminius to go to study theology at the University of Leiden. Rudolph Snellius ( Rudolph Snel van Royen; Oudewater October 5, 1547 &ndash Leiden 1613 was a linguist and mathematician who held Leiden University (Universiteit Leiden located in the city of Leiden, is the oldest University in The Netherlands.
Arminius remained at Leiden from 1576 to 1582. His teachers in theology included Lambertus Danaeus, Johannes Drusius, Guillaume Feuguereius, and Johann Kolmann. Johannes van den Driesche '''Drusius''' ( June 28, 1550 - February 1616 Protestant divine distinguished specially as an Orientalist and Kolmann believed and taught that high Calvinism made God both a tyrant and an executioner. Calvinism (sometimes called the Reformed tradition, the Reformed faith, or Reformed theology) is a theological system and an approach to the Under the influence of these men, Arminius studied with success and had seeds planted that would begin to develop into a theology that would later compete with the dominant Reformed theology of John Calvin. John Calvin (or Jean Calvin) (10 July 1509 – 27 May 1564 was a French Protestant theologian during the Protestant Reformation and Arminius began studying under Theodore Beza at Geneva in 1582. Theodore Beza ( Théodore de Bèze or de Besze) ( June 24, 1519 &ndash October 13, 1605) was a French He answered a call to pastor at Amsterdam and became ordained in 1588. A pastor is an official person within a Protestant group of people and related to the positions of Priest or Bishop within the Anglican, Roman Catholic Amsterdam (pronounced) is the capital and largest city of the Netherlands, located in the province of North Holland in the west In general religious use ordination is the process by which individuals are consecrated, that is set apart as Clergy to perform various religious rites and ceremonies He gained a reputation as a good preacher and faithful pastor. In 1590 he married Lijsbet Reael.
Theology
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Arminius has arguably become best known as the founder of the anti-Calvinistic school in Reformed Protestant theology, and thereby lends his name to a movement — Arminianism — which resisted some of the tenets of Calvinism. Arminianism is a school of soteriological thought within Protestant Christianity based on the theological ideas of the Dutch Protestantism refers to the forms of Christian faith and practice that originated in the 16th century Protestant Reformation. The Protestant Reformation was a reform movement in Europe that began in 1517 though its roots lie further back in time Arminiusjpg|thumb|200px| Jacobus Arminius (1560-1609 who gave his name to Arminianism. Hugo Grotius or Huig de Groot, or Hugo de Groot; ( Delft, 10 April 1583 Rostock, 28 August 1645 Remonstrants, the name given to those Dutch Protestants who after the death of Arminius, maintained the views associated with his name and in 1610 presented to the John Wesley (ˈwɛslɪ ( – March 2, 1791) was an Anglican cleric and Christian theologian who was the founder of the (Evangelical Total depravity (also called total inability and total corruption) is a theological Doctrine that derives from the Augustinian concepts Prevenient grace is a Christian theological concept rooted in Augustinian theology and embraced primarily by Arminian Christians who are influenced by the Substitutionary atonement is a Doctrine in Christian theology which states that Jesus of Nazareth died &ndash intentionally and willingly &ndash Unlimited atonement (sometimes called general atonement or universal atonement) is the majority doctrine in Protestant Christianity that is normally In Christian theology, conditional election is the belief that God chooses for eternal salvation those who He foresees will have faith in Christ The term Conditional Preservation of the Saints is used to describe the belief that a Christian's salvation can be lost Arminianism is a school of soteriological thought within Protestant Christianity based on the theological ideas of the Dutch The early Dutch followers of Arminius' teaching became known as Remonstrants after they issued a document containing five points of disagreement with classic Calvinism, entitled Remonstrantiœ (1610). Remonstrants, the name given to those Dutch Protestants who after the death of Arminius, maintained the views associated with his name and in 1610 presented to the In attempting to defend Calvinistic predestination against the onslaughts of Dirck Volckertszoon Coornhert, Arminius allegedly began to doubt and thus modified some parts of his view; modified, however, in a much less severe way than John Calvin himself changed his views on the issue of limited atonement between writing his Institutes of the Christian Religion and his later commentaries. The Calvinistic doctrine of predestination is a Doctrine of Calvinism which deals with the question of the control God exercises over the world Dirck Volckertszoon Coornhert (born in Amsterdam, 1522-died October 29, 1590 in Gouda) was a Dutch writer philosopher translator Institutes of the Christian Religion is John Calvin 's seminal work on Protestant Systematic theology. He became a professor of theology at Leiden in 1603, and remained there for the rest of his life. "Leyden" redirects here For other uses see Leyden (disambiguation.
The theology of Arminianism did not become fully developed during Arminius' lifetime, but after his death (1609) the Five articles of the Remonstrants (1610) systematized and formalized the ideas. Remonstrants, the name given to those Dutch Protestants who after the death of Arminius, maintained the views associated with his name and in 1610 presented to the But the Synod of Dordrecht (1618–1619) judged his theology and its adherents anathemas. The Synod of Dort was a National Synod held in Dordrecht in 1618[[ 619|/19]] by the Dutch Reformed Church, in order to settle a serious controversy Anathema (in Greek Ανάθεμα meaning originally something lifted up as an offering to the gods later with evolving meanings it came to mean to be formally
Publishers in Leiden (1629) and at Frankfort (1631 and 1635) issued the works of Arminius in Latin. Frankfort may refer to Places In the United States of America: Frankfort Illinois Frankfort Indiana
John Wesley (1703-1791), the founder of the Methodist movement, embraced Arminian theology and became its most prominent champion. John Wesley (ˈwɛslɪ ( – March 2, 1791) was an Anglican cleric and Christian theologian who was the founder of the (Evangelical Methodism is a movement within Protestant Christianity represented by a number of denominations and organizations Today, Methodism remains committed to Arminian theology, and Arminianism itself has become one of the dominant theological systems in the United States. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common The United States of America —commonly referred to as the
References
- ^ Bangs (1971), p. 25.
External links
- Jacobus Arminius - from The New Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge
- The Works of James Arminius, Vol. 1
- The Works of James Arminius, Vol. 2
- The Works of James Arminius, Vol. 3
- "Who Was Arminius?" by W. Robert Godfrey (a Calvinist perspective)
- Profile page for Jacobus Arminius on the "Find A Grave" website
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