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JSTOR

The JSTOR front page
URL http://www.jstor.org
Commercial? No
Type of site Journal archive
Registration Yes
Available language(s) English (includes content in other languages)
Owner Itself
Created by The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation
Launched 1995
Current status Open

JSTOR (short for Journal Storage) is a United States-based online system for archiving academic journals, founded in 1995. Uniform Resource Locator is an URI which also specifies where the identified resource is available and the protocol for retrieving it A journal (through French from late Latin diurnalis, daily has several related meanings a daily record of events or business a private In the Philosophy of language, a natural language (or ordinary language) is a Language that is spoken or written in phonemic-alphabetic or phonemically-related The Andrew W Mellon Foundation of New York City and Princeton New Jersey in the United States, is a Private foundation with five core areas The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The Internet is a global system of interconnected Computer networks An academic journal is a peer-reviewed Periodical in which scholarship relating to a particular Academic discipline is published It provides full-text searches of digitized back issues of several hundred well-known journals, dating back to 1665 in the case of the Philosophical Transactions. The Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, or Phil Trans

JSTOR was originally funded by the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, but is now an independent, self-sustaining non-profit organization with offices in New York City and Ann Arbor, Michigan. The Andrew W Mellon Foundation of New York City and Princeton New Jersey in the United States, is a Private foundation with five core areas A non-profit organization ( abbreviated "NPO" also "not-for-profit" is a legally constituted Organization whose objective is to support or engage The City of New York Ann Arbor is a city in the US state of Michigan and the county seat of Washtenaw County. Michigan ( is a Midwestern state of the United States of America.

Contents

History

JSTOR was conceived as a solution to one of the problems faced by libraries, especially research and university libraries, due to the increasing number of academic journals in existence. A library is a collection of information sources resources and services and the structure in which it is housed it is organized for use and maintained by a public body an institution A research library is a Library which contains an in-depth collection of material on one or several subjects The founder, William G. Bowen, was the president of Princeton University from 1972 to 1988. William G Bowen (born October 6th 1933 is President Emeritus of The Andrew W [1] Most libraries found it prohibitively expensive in terms of cost and space to maintain a comprehensive collection of journals. By digitizing many journal titles, JSTOR allowed libraries to outsource the storage of these journals with the confidence that they would remain available for the long term. Online access and full-text search ability improved access dramatically. JSTOR originally encompassed ten economics and history journals and was initiated in 1995 at seven different library sites. Ten additional sites were added in the spring of 1996. JSTOR access was improved based on feedback from these sites and it became a fully searchable index accessible from any ordinary browser. Special software was put in place to make pictures and graphs clear and readable. [2]

With the success of this limited project, Bowen and Kevin Guthrie, then-president of JSTOR, were interested in expanding the number of participating journals. They met with representatives of the Royal Society of London, and an agreement was hammered out to digitize the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society back to its beginning in 1665. The Royal Society of London for the Improvement of Natural Knowledge, known simply as The Royal Society, is a Learned society for science that was founded in 1660 The Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, or Phil Trans The work of adding these volumes to JSTOR was completed by December of 2000. [3] As of June 2007, the database contained 729 journal titles and over 165,000 individual journal issues, totaling over 23 million pages of text. A bibliographic or library database is a Database of bibliographic records [4]

Usage and contents

JSTOR access is licensed mainly to libraries, universities and publishers all over the world. Some institutions with Athens subscriptions have access to it. Athens is an Access and Identity Management service that is supplied by Eduserv to provide Single sign-on to protected resources combined with full user management Licensee institutions can make JSTOR available to their members free of charge through the Internet. Individual subscriptions are also available to certain journal titles through the journal publisher.

As of July 2007, JSTOR material is provided by 446 publishers. Nearly 53 million searches of the archives were performed between January and July 2007. [4] In addition to its use as an archive for individual journals, JSTOR has also been used as a research source. The breadth of material in the archive makes it useful in investigating trends in linguistics over time. [5]

The availability of many journals on JSTOR is controlled by a "moving wall", which is an agreed delay between the current volume of the journal and the latest volume available on JSTOR. In Academic publishing, an embargo is a period during which access is not allowed to certain types of users This time period is specified by agreement between JSTOR and the publisher and is usually 3-5 years. Publishers can request that the period of a "moving wall" be changed, request discontinuation of coverage, or request that the "moving wall" be changed to a "fixed wall". A "fixed wall" is a specified date after which JSTOR is not allowed to add new volumes into their database. A "fixed wall" is usually arranged when a publisher makes its articles available online through a site controlled by the publisher. [6]

Related projects

ARTstor was set up as a sister organization to JSTOR to do the same job, using a similar subscription model, and beginning to function in 2004. ARTstor is a non-profit organization which operates the ARTstor Digital Library a collection of digital images of artwork available for non-commercial and educational use It gained considerable impetus after the disbanding in 2005 of Art Museum Image Consortium (AMICO), a competitive online system for images of artworks, set up by a Getty Foundation-led consortium of institutions. Art Museum Image Consortium (AMICO was a non-profit organization of institutions with collections of art collaborating to enable educational use of museum multimedia The Getty Foundation, based in Los Angeles California, at the Getty Center, awards grants for "the understanding and preservation of the visual arts" ARTstor has gained the use of many existing image databases, and has digitized for the first time The Illustrated Bartsch, the largest catalogue for old master prints. Johann Adam Bernhard von Bartsch (1757 - 1821 both Vienna) was an Austrian scholar and artist An old master print is a work of art produced by a Printing process within the Western tradition (European or New World It contained a total of "nearly 500,000" images in mid-2007. [7] Other than nine universities in Australasia, four in England and one each in Italy and China, all the 781 listed subscribers (as at June 2007) are in the US and Canada. Australasia is a Region of Oceania: New Zealand, Australia, Papua New Guinea, and neighbouring Islands in the Pacific England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National [8]

Aluka is an online digital library focusing on the materials about Africa. Aluka is an online Digital Library focusing on materials about Africa. Started in 2003, Aluka is an initiative of Ithaka Harbors, Inc. , a non-profit organization based in New York City and Princeton, New Jersey. Ithaka Harbors works closely with JSTOR and ARTstor in the areas of finance, human resource management, information technology, software development, research, and strategic guidance.

See also

References

  1. ^ Leitch, Alexander. The term serials crisis has become common shorthand for the runaway cost increases of many scholarly journals. This page contains a partial list of representative major databases and search engines useful in an academic setting for finding and accessing articles in Academic journals or in Digital preservation is the management of Digital information over time Open access journals are Scholarly journals that are available to the reader "without financial or other barrier other than access to the internet itself Project MUSE is a unique collaboration between libraries and publishers providing 100% full-text affordable and user-friendly online access to a comprehensive selection of prestigious Bowen, William Gordon. Princeton University Press.
  2. ^ Taylor, John (2001). "JSTOR: An Electronic Archive from 1665". Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London 55 (1).  
  3. ^ Taylor (2001) pp. 180-181
  4. ^ a b JSTOR: Facts and Figures (Web). JSTOR (2007). Retrieved on 2007-06-18. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 618 - Coronation of the Chinese governor Li Yuan as Emperor Gaozu of Tang, the new Emperor of China, initiating three centuries
  5. ^ Shapiro, Fred R. (1998). "A Study in Computer-Assisted Lexicology: Evidence on the Emergence of Hopefully as a Sentence Adverb from the JSTOR Journal Archive and Other Electronic Resources". American Speech 73 (3): 279. doi:10.2307/455826. A digital object identifier ( DOI) is a permanent identifier given to an Electronic document.  
  6. ^ JSTOR: The Moving Wall (Web). JSTOR (2007). Retrieved on 2007-06-18. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 618 - Coronation of the Chinese governor Li Yuan as Emperor Gaozu of Tang, the new Emperor of China, initiating three centuries
  7. ^ ARTstor website accessed July 4th 2007
  8. ^ ARTstor website accessed July 4th 2007

Further reading

External links

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