| J. M. R. Parrondo | |
 Juan M. R. Parrondo, photographed in 2003 by Derek Abbott. Derek Abbott ( 3 May 1960, in South Kensington, London, UK) is a Physicist and Electronic engineer.
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| Born | January 9, 1964 Madrid, Spain |
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| Residence |  Spain |
| Nationality | Spanish |
| Fields | Physicist |
| Institutions | UCM |
| Alma mater | UCM |
| Doctoral advisor | Francisco Javier de la Rubia |
| Other academic advisors | Thomas M. Cover Katja Lindenberg |
| Doctoral students | Javier Buceta Borja Jiménez Luis Dinis |
| Known for | Parrondo's paradox Brownian ratchets Physics of information Statistical mechanics |
| Influences | Douglas Hofstadter |
| Influenced | Derek Abbott |
J. Events 475 - Byzantine Emperor Zeno is forced to flee his capital at Constantinople. Year 1964 ( MCMLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the 1964 Gregorian calendar. Madrid (pronounced in English in Spanish and colloquially in Spain) is the Capital and largest city of Spain. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. A physicist is a Scientist who studies or practices Physics. Physicists study a wide range of physical phenomena in many branches of physics spanning Alma mater is Latin for "nourishing mother" It was used in Ancient Rome as a title for the mother Goddess, and in Medieval A doctorate is an Academic degree that indicates the highest level of academic achievement Thomas M Cover (born August 7, 1938 in San Bernardino California) is Professor jointly in the Departments of Electrical Engineering and Parrondo's paradox is a Paradox in Game theory and is often described as A losing strategy that wins. The Brownian ratchet is a Thought experiment about an apparent Perpetual motion machine conceived by Richard Feynman in a Physics lecture at In Physics, physical information refers generally to the Information that is contained in a Physical system. Statistical mechanics is the application of Probability theory, which includes mathematical tools for dealing with large populations to the field of Mechanics Douglas Richard Hofstadter (born February 15 1945 in New York New York) is an American academic whose research focuses on consciousness thinking and creativity Derek Abbott ( 3 May 1960, in South Kensington, London, UK) is a Physicist and Electronic engineer. M. R. Parrondo,[1][2] also Juan Manuel Rodríguez Parrondo, (b. January 9, 1964) is a Spanish physicist best known for the strikingly counterintuitive Parrondo's paradox, where switching between losing strategies can in some cases win. Events 475 - Byzantine Emperor Zeno is forced to flee his capital at Constantinople. Year 1964 ( MCMLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the 1964 Gregorian calendar. A physicist is a Scientist who studies or practices Physics. Physicists study a wide range of physical phenomena in many branches of physics spanning Parrondo's paradox is a Paradox in Game theory and is often described as A losing strategy that wins. In 1996, he developed games of chance, now called Parrondo's games, that exhibited this apparently paradoxical phenomenon. Much of his work touches on thermodynamics and information, and he is known for contributions to the theory of noised induced phase transitions, Brownian ratchets, physics of information, and statistical mechanics. In Thermodynamics, phase transition or phase change is the transformation of a thermodynamic system from one phase to another The Brownian ratchet is a Thought experiment about an apparent Perpetual motion machine conceived by Richard Feynman in a Physics lecture at In Physics, physical information refers generally to the Information that is contained in a Physical system. Statistical mechanics is the application of Probability theory, which includes mathematical tools for dealing with large populations to the field of Mechanics
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Biography
He was born in Madrid, Spain, as Juan Manuel Rodríguez Parrondo. Madrid (pronounced in English in Spanish and colloquially in Spain) is the Capital and largest city of Spain. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Parrondo was inspired to study physics when he was at high-school, after reading an article on quantum mechanics by Douglas Hofstadter published in Scientific American. Douglas Richard Hofstadter (born February 15 1945 in New York New York) is an American academic whose research focuses on consciousness thinking and creativity Scientific American is a Popular science magazine, published (first weekly and later monthly since August 28, 1845, making it He obtained both his bachelors degree (1987) and his PhD (1992) from the Complutense University of Madrid. His external doctoral advisor was Francisco Javier de la Rubia based at UNED. The Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED, is the public Spanish Open University The topic of Parrondo's doctoral thesis was in the area of stochastic differential equations and random walks in fractals. A stochastic differential equation (SDE is a Differential equation in which one or more of the terms is a Stochastic process, thus resulting in a solution which is A random walk, sometimes denoted RW, is a Mathematical formalization of a trajectory that consists of taking successive Random steps A fractal is generally "a rough or fragmented geometric shape that can be split into parts each of which is (at least approximately a reduced-size copy of the whole" His doctoral thesis was entitled Técnicas Geométricas y de Renormalización en Procesos Estocásticos (Geometrical renormalization techniques for stochastic processes).
After his doctoral thesis, Parrondo carried out postdoctoral research that combined themes in information theory and thermodynamics—this proved influential in shaping his future directions. As a postdoctoral researcher he worked on noise induced phase transitions with Katja Lindenberg at UCSD, U.S., in 1992; neural networks with Chris Van den Broeck at Hasselt University, Belgium, in 1993; Maxwell demons under Thomas M. Cover at Stanford University, U.S., in 1995. In Thermodynamics, phase transition or phase change is the transformation of a thermodynamic system from one phase to another The University of California San Diego (popularly known as UC San Diego or UCSD) is a public Research university in San Diego, California The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Year 1992 ( MCMXCII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar) Traditionally the term neural network had been used to refer to a network or circuit of biological neurons. Hasselt University is a University with campuses in Hasselt and Diepenbeek, Belgium. Year 1993 ( MCMXCIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar) Maxwell's demon was an 1867 Thought experiment by the Scottish Physicist James Clerk Maxwell, meant to raise questions about the possibility Thomas M Cover (born August 7, 1938 in San Bernardino California) is Professor jointly in the Departments of Electrical Engineering and Leland Stanford Junior University, commonly known as Stanford University or simply Stanford, is a private Research university located in The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995
In 1996, he obtained a permanent position at the Complutense University of Madrid and it was in this year that he devised the concept of losing games of chance, which paradoxically win when combined. In 1999, he visited Marcello O. Magnasco at the Rockefeller University, New York, working on Brownian ratchets and Derek Abbott at the University of Adelaide, Australia, working on Parrondo's games. The Rockefeller University is a private University which focuses primarily on basic research in the biomedical fields and offers graduate and postgraduate education New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous The Brownian ratchet is a Thought experiment about an apparent Perpetual motion machine conceived by Richard Feynman in a Physics lecture at Derek Abbott ( 3 May 1960, in South Kensington, London, UK) is a Physicist and Electronic engineer. The University of Adelaide (colloquially Adelaide University or Adelaide Uni) is a Public university located in Adelaide, South Australia For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. In 2005, Parrondo performed another extended collaborative visit, this time with Carlos Bustamante at the University of California, Berkeley, U.S., working in molecular motors. Carlos José Bustamante (born 1951 in Lima, Peru) is an American Scientist. The University of California Berkeley (also referred to as Cal, Berkeley and UC Berkeley) is a major research university located in Berkeley The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Molecular motors are biological Molecular machines that are the essential agents of movement in living organisms
In the 2003-2004 period, Parrondo performed a regular series of science items for the Spanish Public National Radio (RNE). Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " This is a list of Radio stations broadcast in Spain. Public National radio ( RNE) Radio 1 Radio Clásica From 2001 to present, Parrondo is the Spanish equivalent of Martin Gardner writing the "Mathematical Games" column for the Spanish edition of Scientific American called Investigación & Ciencia. Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. Martin Gardner (b October 21, 1914, Tulsa Oklahoma) is a popular American mathematics and science writer specializing in Recreational mathematics This article is about using Mathematics to study the inner-workings of Multiplayer games which on the surface may not appear mathematical at all Scientific American is a Popular science magazine, published (first weekly and later monthly since August 28, 1845, making it Although this column in the English-speaking version has been discontinued, the "Mathematical Games" column is alive and well under the leadership of Parrondo in the Spanish edition. This article is about using Mathematics to study the inner-workings of Multiplayer games which on the surface may not appear mathematical at all
Genesis of Parrondo's Games
Parrondo initially devised his countintuitive games of chance, in 1996, as an illustration of how Brownian ratchets operate and first presented the idea on a viewgraph slide entitled How to Cheat a Bad Mathematician, at an EEC workshop on Complexity and Chaos, Torino, Italy. The Brownian ratchet is a Thought experiment about an apparent Perpetual motion machine conceived by Richard Feynman in a Physics lecture at The European Community (EC is one of the Three pillars of the European Union (EU created under the Maastricht Treaty (1992 Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest In that same year he published an article critiquing Richard Feynman's analysis of a Brownian ratchet in the American Journal of Physics. Richard Phillips Feynman (ˈfaɪnmən May 11 1918 – February 15 1988 was an American Physicist known for the Path integral formulation of quantum The American Journal of Physics is a Peer-reviewed Scientific journal published by the American Association of Physics Teachers devoted to the educational Derek Abbott at the University of Adelaide, Australia, was working on a related, but still unsolved, problem regarding Feynman's analysis. Derek Abbott ( 3 May 1960, in South Kensington, London, UK) is a Physicist and Electronic engineer. The University of Adelaide (colloquially Adelaide University or Adelaide Uni) is a Public university located in Adelaide, South Australia For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. Parrondo's article prompted Abbott to fly to Madrid in 1997 and they met for the first time—but the problem proved tough and it was not until 1999 they they finally published a solution. However, in the meantime, Parrondo shared the concept of his paradoxical games—consequently Abbott coined the terms "Parrondo's paradox" and "Parrondo's games," publishing verification of the result in the journal Nature, in 1999. Nature is a prominent Scientific journal, first published on 4 November 1869
Works by Juan M. R. Parrondo
"Noise-Induced Non-equilibrium Phase Transition" C. Van den Broeck, J. M. R. Parrondo and R. Toral, Physical Review Letters, vol. 73 p. 3395 (1994)
Notes and references
- ^ While Spanish scientists normally use the first of their two surnames when publishing in English-speaking journals, Parrondo publishes under his second surname. In most Spanish -speaking countries people have two surnames.
- ^ In various sources Parrondo's name is sometimes incorrectly spelled "Parrando," an error that can be traced to a January 25, 2000 article on "Parrando's Paradox" (sic) in the New York Times that propagated the incorrect spelling. Events 41 - After a night of negotiation Claudius is accepted as Roman Emperor by the Senate 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar.
Further reading
"Game theory: Losing strategies can win by Parrondo's paradox" G. P. Harmer and D. Abbott, Nature vol. 402, p 864 (1999)