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Jülich
Coat of arms Location
Coat of arms of Jülich
Jülich (Germany)
Jülich
Administration
Country Flag of Germany Germany
State North Rhine-Westphalia
Admin. region Cologne
District Düren
Town subdivisions 16
Mayor Heinrich Stommel
Basic statistics
Area 90. Wikipedia talkFeatured lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->This list of countries, arranged alphabetically Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Germany (Deutschland is a Federal Republic consisting of sixteen States, known in German as Länder (singular North Rhine-Westphalia (Nordrhein-Westfalen usually shortened to NRW, official short form NW is the westernmost and - in terms of population and economic output - the A Regierungsbezirk is a type of government region of Germany, a subdivision of certain federal states ( ''Bundesländer'') Cologne is one of the five governmental districts of the German Federal State of North Rhine-Westphalia. German districts (de ''Kreise'' or de ''Landkreise'' in the states of Nordrhein-Westfalen and Schleswig-Holstein, singular de ''Kreis'' and de ''Landreis'' Düren is a Kreis (district in the west of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Burgomaster (alternatively spelled Burgo[[meister]], literally translated meaning master of the town or master of the Fortress Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. 4 km² (34. 9 sq mi)
Elevation 83 m  (272 ft)
Population 33,882  (01/01/2006)
 - Density 375 /km² (971 /sq mi)
Other information
Time zone CET/CEST (UTC+1/+2)
Licence plate DN
Postal code 52428
Area code 02461
Website www.juelich.de

Coordinates: 50°55′20″N 06°21′30″E / 50.92222, 6.35833

Jülich (in old spellings also known as Guelich or Gülich, cf. The elevation of a Geographic location is its height above a fixed reference point often the mean sea level. In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume Central European Time ( CET) is one of the names of the Time zone that is 1 hour ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. Central European Summer Time ( CEST) is one of the names of UTC+2 Time zone, 2 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. UTC+1 is used in the following locations Central European Time West Africa Time Western European Summer Time UTC+2 corresponds to the following Time zones Eastern European Time Egypt Standard Time Central Africa Time German car number plates ( Kfz-Kennzeichen) show the place where the car carrying them is registered __FORCETOC__ Postal codes in Germany, Postleitzahl (plural Postleitzahlen abbreviated to PLZ consist of five digits which indicate the wider area (first two digits and the see also Telephone numbering in Germany for further codes including service numbers cell phones etc A website (alternatively web site or Web site, a back-construction from the Proper noun World Wide Web) is a collection of Web pages A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. Dutch: Gulik, cf. Dutch ( is a West Germanic language spoken by around 24 million people 22 million of which are from the Netherlands, Belgium and Suriname French: Juliers) is nowadays a rather modest town in the district of Düren, in the federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia, in Germany. French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people Düren is a Kreis (district in the west of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. North Rhine-Westphalia (Nordrhein-Westfalen usually shortened to NRW, official short form NW is the westernmost and - in terms of population and economic output - the Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Jülich is well known as location of a world-famous research centre, the Forschungszentrum Jülich and as shortwave transmission site of Deutsche Welle. Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH ( Jülich Research Centre Ltd) is a member of the Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft or Hermann von Helmholtz Association of National Research The shortwave transmitter Jülich, was operated by Deutsche Telekom / T-Systems, is part of the Shortwave broadcasting facility at Jülich, Germany As a border region between the competing powers in the Lower Rhine and Meuse areas, the city and the duchy that bore the same name played a historic role from the Middle Ages up to the 17th century. The Lower Rhine (Niederrhein kilometers 660 to 1033 of the Rhine River flows from Bonn, Germany, to the North Sea. Meuse (møːz is a department in northeast France, named after the Meuse River.

Contents

Geography

Jülich is situated in the Rur valley on the banks of the river Rur. The Rur -German in Dutch and French Roer, &mdash not to be confused with the Ruhr &mdash is a river in Belgium, Germany and the Netherlands The town is bordered by the town of Linnich in the north, the municipality of Titz in the north-east, the municipality of Niederzier in the south-east, by the municipality of Inden in the south and the municipality of Aldenhoven in the west. Linnich is a town in the district of Düren in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Titz is a municipality in the district of Düren in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Niederzier is a municipality in the district of Düren in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Inden is a municipality in the district of Düren in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Aldenhoven (ˈaldənhoːfən is a municipality in the district of Düren in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Its maximum size is 13,3 km from east to west and 10,9 km from north to south. The highest point in Jülich is in Bourheim and is 110 m above sea level (except Sophienhöhe, an extensive artificial mountain comprised of overburden of a nearby open-pit lignite mine, the Tagebau Hambach), the lowest point is 70 m above sea level and is found in the borough of Barmen. The Sophienhöhe (290 m AMSL is the largest artificial hill worldwide created by surface mining at the open cast Lignite mine Tagebau Hambach operated by


Boroughs

The town of Jülich comprises 16 boroughs:

History

The Duchies of Cleves, Berg, Jülich and the County of Mark in 1477
The Duchies of Cleves, Berg, Jülich and the County of Mark in 1477
Maximum extent of the French fortification of Jülich
Maximum extent of the French fortification of Jülich

Jülich is first mentioned in Roman times as Juliacum along an important road through the Rur valley. Cleves redirects here for the Duchy of Cleves and the conjoined states of Jülich-Cleves-Berg, see those articles The County of Mark (Grafschaft Mark colloquially known as Die Mark) was a County of the Holy Roman Empire in the Lower Rhenish-Westphalian Circle The Rur -German in Dutch and French Roer, &mdash not to be confused with the Ruhr &mdash is a river in Belgium, Germany and the Netherlands Fortified during the late Roman period, it was taken over by the Franks and grew to be the centre of a county which became the nucleus of a regional power. The Franks or Frankish people (Franci or gens Francorum) were West Germanic tribes first identified in the 3rd century as an Ethnic group A county is a Land area of Regional Government within a larger State. The counts and dukes of Jülich extended their influence during the Middle Ages and granted Jülich city status in 1234 (Count Wilhelm IV). During battles with the Archbishop of Cologne, Jülich was destroyed in 1239 and again in 1278. Bishops and Archbishops of Cologne Bishops of Colonia Agrippina, 88–784 All names before Maternus ('II' are to be approached with considerable In 1416, the city was granted fiscal independence by Duke Rainald of Jülich-Geldern. Following a fire in 1547, the city was rebuilt as an Ideal city in the Renaissance style under the direction of the architect Alessandro Pasqualini. The Renaissance (from French Renaissance, meaning "rebirth" Italian: Rinascimento, from re- "again" and nascere Alessandro Pasqualini ( 5 May 1493 &ndash 1559) was an Italian Renaissance architect born in Bologna, who was important The citadel of Jülich was later visited by the French military engineer Sébastien le Prestre de Vauban and was rated exemplary. Sébastien Le Prestre Seigneur de Vauban and later Marquis de Vauban ( May 15, 1633 – March 30, 1707) commonly referred to After the ducal family line was extinguished in 1609, the Duchy of Jülich was divided. The city later belonged to Palatinate-Neuburg, then the Palatinate (1685) and Bavaria (1777). Palatinate-Neuburg (Herzogtum Pfalz-Neuburg is a former state of the Holy Roman Empire, founded in 1505 The Palatinate of the Rhine (Pfalzgrafschaft bei Rhein later the Electoral Palatinate (Kurpfalz was a historical territory of the Holy Roman Empire Bavaria ( German:, with an area of 70553 Km² (27241 square miles and almost 12 Year 1777 ( MDCCLXXVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common

From 1794 to 1814, Jülich was part of France under the name of Juliers. Year 1794 ( MDCCXCIV) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Year 1814 ( MDCCCXIV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The French added the Napoleonic bridge head to the fortifications. In 1815, Jülich became a Prussian fortification and district town. Year 1815 ( MDCCCXV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year The fortification was razed in 1860. Year 1860 ( MDCCLX) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year starting

Jülich destroyed
Jülich destroyed

On 16 November 1944 (World War II), 97% of Jülich was destroyed during Allied bombing, since it was considered one of the main obstacles to the occupation of the Rhineland, although the city fortifications, the bridge head and the citadel had long fallen into disuse. Events 534 - A second and final revision of the Codex Justinianus is published Year 1944 ( MCMXLIV) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including The ruined city was subject to heavy fighting for several months until the Allies eventually managed to cross the Rur on 23 February 1945. Events 1455 - Traditional date for the publication of the Gutenberg Bible, the first Western Book printed from Movable Year 1945 ( MCMXLV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar From 1949 to 1956, the town centre was rebuilt along the plans of the Renaissance town. Year 1949 ( MCMXLIX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1956 ( MCMLVI) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

In 1998, the state garden fair took place in Jülich. Year 1998 ( MCMXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar) This made the extensive restoration of the bridge head fortifications and the establishment of a large leisure park, the bridge head park, possible.

Today, Jülich is mainly known for its world-famous research centre (established in 1956) and the satellite campus of the Fachhochschule Aachen (established in 1970). Year 1956 ( MCMLVI) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1970 ( MCMLXX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The town's landmark is the Witchtower, a city gate and remnant of the medieval city fortifications. The most impressive remnants from the past are, however, both the Napoleonic Bridgehead and the Citadel.

Population history

Population growth of Jülich since 1800
Population growth of Jülich since 1800
Population history
Year Population   Year Population   Year Population
300 1. Events By place Roman Empire The Franks penetrate into what is now northern Belgium (approximate date 500   1860 3. Year 1860 ( MDCCLX) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year starting 119   12/31 1960 14. Year 1960 ( MCMLX) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. 339
1533 1. 300   1900 4. Year 1900 ( MCM) was an exceptional Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar 964   12/31 1970 20. Year 1970 ( MCMLXX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. 778
1647 1. 300   1920 7. Year 1920 ( MCMXX) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display 1920 of the Gregorian calendar 688   12/31 1980 30. Year 1980 ( MCMLXXX) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1980 Gregorian calendar) 433
1735 1. Year 1735 ( MDCCXXXV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a 520   1931 10. Year 1931 ( MCMXXXI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1931 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. 051   12/31 1990 31. Year 1990 ( MCMXC) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar) 149
1795 2. Year 1795 ( MDCCXCV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a 025   1939 12. Year 1939 ( MCMXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. 000   12/31 2000 33. 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. 434
1802 2. Year 1802 ( MDCCCII) was a Common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar or a Common year starting on Wednesday of the 429   12/31 1951 10. Year 1951 ( MCMLI) was a Common year starting on Monday. Events of 1951 January 182   12/31 2004 34. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " 022

Town twinnings

Since 1964, Jülich is twinned with the French town of Haubourdin in the Nord département. Year 1964 ( MCMLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the 1964 Gregorian calendar. Haubourdin is a commune of the Nord département, in northern France. Nord (North is a department in the far north of France. It is the country's most populated department

Transportation

Culture and landmarks

Museums

Buildings

Particularly notable:

Shortwave broadcasting facility

In 1956 the WDR broadcaster established the first short wave transmitter near the borough Mersch. The Westdeutscher Rundfunk (WDR, officially " Westdeutscher Rundfunk Köln " translated "Western German Broadcasting Cologne" is a German In the subsequent years this site was expanded. On September 1st, 1961 this site was handed over to the German Federal Post for establishing the German foreign broadcasting service, "Deutsche Welle". In the course of time 10 transmitters of 100 kilowatts were installed, whereby as transmitting antennas enormous dipole arrays between free standing steel framework towers were installed. Today these transmitters are rented to the predominant part to non-German broadcasting organisations. In the 90's on the area of the shortwave transmission facility also a transmitting plant for medium wave was installed, using a long wire antenna which is spun at a tower on the transmitter site. It was intended to be used for transmission of the programme of radio Viva on 702 kHz, but it never went into regular service for this broadcaster. Since December 6, 2004, the mediumwave transmitter is used to broadcast the programme of the German commercial broadcaster "TruckRadio" on 702 kHz.

Miscellaneous

The reliquaries of Christina von Stommeln. Blessed Christina of Stommeln, (also known as Christina Bruso and Christina Bruzo) ( July 24, 1242 - November 6,

Sports

The most successful and well-known Jülich-based sports teams are TTC Jülich (table tennis, which competes in the Bundesliga, the domestic premiere league) and the SC Jülich 1910, an amateur football (soccer) club that won the German national amateur championships in 1969, 1970 and 1971. An amateur is generally considered a person attached to a particular pursuit study or science without formal training or pay Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a Team sport played between two teams of eleven players and is widely considered

People


Famous citizens

Literature

This page is mostly a translation of the article in the German language Wikipedia. Year 1940 ( MCMXL) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full 1940 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Peter Andreas Grünberg ( May 18, 1939) is a German Physicist, and Nobel Prize in Physics laureate for his coincidental Year 1939 ( MCMXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Jülich (in old spellings also known as Guelich or Gülich, cf

External links

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