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Jérôme Lalande
Jérôme Lalande
Jérôme Lalande
BornJuly 11, 1732
Bourg-en-Bresse
DiedApril 4, 1807
Nationality France
Fieldsastronomy

Joseph Jérôme Lefrançais de Lalande (July 11, 1732 – April 4, 1807) was a French astronomer and writer. Events 911 - Signing of the Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte between Charles the Simple and Rollo of Normandy. Year 1732 ( MDCCXXXII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Bourg-en-Bresse (buʁkɑ̃bʁɛs Bôrg in Arpitan language) is a commune in eastern France, capital of the Ain Events 1581 - Francis Drake completes a circumnavigation of the world and is knighted by Elizabeth I. Year 1807 ( MDCCCVII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Astronomy (from the Greek words astron (ἄστρον "star" and nomos (νόμος "law" is the scientific study Events 911 - Signing of the Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte between Charles the Simple and Rollo of Normandy. Year 1732 ( MDCCXXXII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Events 1581 - Francis Drake completes a circumnavigation of the world and is knighted by Elizabeth I. Year 1807 ( MDCCCVII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Historically Astronomy was more concerned with the classification and description of phenomena in the sky while Astrophysics attempted to explain these phenomena

Contents

Biography

Lalande was born at Bourg-en-Bresse (now in the département of Ain). Bourg-en-Bresse (buʁkɑ̃bʁɛs Bôrg in Arpitan language) is a commune in eastern France, capital of the Ain In the Terminology of Political geography and Historiography a National department (département departamento is an administrative Ain (ɛ̃ Arpitan: En) is a department named after the Ain River on the eastern edge of France. His parents sent him to Paris to study law, but as a result of lodging in the Hôtel Cluny, where Delisle had his observatory, he was drawn to astronomy, and became the zealous and favoured pupil of both Delisle and Pierre Lemonnier. Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city Law is a system of rules enforced through a set of Institutions used as an instrument to underpin civil obedience politics economics and society Joseph-Nicolas Delisle ( April 4, 1688 Paris - 1768 Paris) was a French Astronomer. There was also a French naval admiral Lemonnier Pierre Charles Le Monnier ( November 23, 1715 &ndash May 31, 1799 Having completed his legal studies, he was about to return to Bourg to practise as an advocate, when Lemonnier obtained permission to send him to Berlin, to make observations on the lunar parallax in concert with those of Lacaille at the Cape of Good Hope. Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany. Parallax is an apparent displacement or difference of orientation of an object viewed along two different lines of sight and is measured by the angle or semi-angle of inclination between Abbé Nicolas Louis de Lacaille ( March 15, 1713 &ndash March 21, 1762) was a French Astronomer. The Cape of Good Hope ( Afrikaans: Kaap die Goeie Hoop, Kaap de Goede Hoop Cabo da Boa Esperança Persian Language: دماغه امید نیک

The successful execution of this task obtained for him, before he was twenty-one, admission to the Academy of Berlin, as well as his election as an adjunct astronomer to the French Academy of Sciences. The French Academy of Sciences ( French: Académie des sciences) is a Learned society, founded in 1666 by Louis XIV at the He now devoted himself to the improvement of the planetary theory, publishing in 1759 corrected edition of Halley's tables, with a history of the celebrated comet whose return in that year he had helped Alexis Clairault to calculate. Year 1759 ( MDCCLIX) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Edmond Halley FRS (ˈɛdmənd ˈhɔːlɪ ( November 8, 1656 &ndash January 14, 1742) was an English Astronomer Halley's Comet, officially designated 1P/Halley and also referred to as Comet Halley after Edmond Halley, is a Comet that can be seen every Alexis Claude de Clairault (or Clairaut) ( May 3, 1713 – May 17, 1765) was a French Mathematician and In 1762 Delisle resigned the chair of astronomy in the Collège de France in Lalande's favour. The duties were discharged by Lalande for forty-six years. His house became an astronomical seminary, and amongst his pupils were Delambre, Giuseppe Piazzi, Pierre Méchain, and his own nephew Michel Lalande. Jean Baptiste Joseph chevalier Delambre ( September 19, 1749 Amiens - August 19, 1822 Paris) was a French Giuseppe Piazzi ( July 7 1746 - July 22 1826) was an Italian Theatine monk Mathematician, and Astronomer Pierre François André Méchain ( August 16, 1744 &ndash September 20, 1804) was a French Astronomer and surveyor By his publications in connection with the transit of Venus of 1769 he won great fame. A transit of Venus across the Sun takes place when the Planet Venus passes directly between the Sun and Earth, obscuring a small portion of the Year 1769 ( MDCCLXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a However, his difficult personality lost him some popularity.

Although his investigations were conducted with diligence rather than genius, Lalande's career was an eminent one. As a lecturer and writer he helped popularise astronomy. His planetary tables, into which he introduced corrections for mutual perturbations, were the best available up to the end of the 18th century and the Lalande prize instituted by him in 1802 for the chief astronomical performance of each year still testifies to his enthusiasm for his favourite pursuit. The 18th century lasted from 1701 to 1800 in the Gregorian calendar, in accordance with the Anno Domini / Common Era numbering system Year 1802 ( MDCCCII) was a Common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar or a Common year starting on Wednesday of the

His star catalog of 1801, cited below, contains many faint (low mass) but nearby stars, so that a star name such as Lalande 21185 [1] is almost guaranteed to refer to such a star, rather than a bluer, brighter, more distant one. Lalande 21185, often abbreviated as LAL 21185, is a Red dwarf star approximately 8 Light-years away in the Constellation of Ursa Major

Lalande crater, on the Moon, is also named after him. Lalande is a small lunar Impact crater that lies in the central part of the visible Moon, on the east edge of Mare Insularum.

See also

Trivia

According to Roland Barthes in "Sade Fourier Loyola", Lalande liked to eat live spiders. Les Neuf Sœurs (The Nine Sisters established in Paris in 1776 was a prominent French Masonic Lodge of the Grand Orient de France that was influential Felis ( Latin for Cat) was a Constellation created by Jérôme Lalande in 1805. Roland Barthes ( November 12, 1915 &ndash March 25, 1980) (ʀɔlɑ̃ baʀt was a French Literary critic, literary Loyola may refer to People Ignatius of Loyola, a Catholic saint Martín Ignacio de Loyola, Franciscan friar and circumnavigator

Notable works

He communicated more than one hundred and fifty papers to the French Academy of Sciences, edited the Connoissance de temps (1759–1774), and again (1794–1807), and wrote the concluding two volumes of the 2nd edition of Montucla's Histoire des mathématiques (1802). The French Academy of Sciences ( French: Académie des sciences) is a Learned society, founded in 1666 by Louis XIV at the Jean-Étienne Montucla ( September 5, 1725 &ndash December 18, 1799) was a French Mathematician.

References

This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain. The Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1910–1911 is a 29-volume reference work that marked the beginning of the Encyclopædia Britannica The public domain is a range of abstract materials &ndash commonly referred to as Intellectual property &ndash which are not owned or controlled by anyone

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