Ivan Vyhovsky - Citizendia

Hetman of Ukraine
Ivan Vyhovsky

In office October 21, 1657 – October 17, 1659
Preceded by	Yurii Khmelnytsky
Succeeded by	Yurii Khmelnytsky

Born	beginning of XVII Century Ovruch, Ukraine
Died	March 16, 1664 Korsun, Ukraine
Religion	Greek Orthodox

Ivan Vyhovsky (Ukrainian: Іван Виговський, Polish: Iwan Wyhowski) (?-1664) was a hetman (or otoman) of the Ukrainian Cossacks during three years (1657-59) of the Russo-Polish War (1654-1667). Events 1512 - Martin Luther joins the theological faculty of the University of Wittenberg. Events 539 BC - King Cyrus The Great of Persia marches into the city of Babylon, releasing the Jews from almost Yurii Khmelnytsky (Юрій Хмельницький (1641&ndash1685 son of the famous Bohdan Khmelnytsky, was a Cossack political and military leader Yurii Khmelnytsky (Юрій Хмельницький (1641&ndash1685 son of the famous Bohdan Khmelnytsky, was a Cossack political and military leader As a means of recording the passage of Time, the 17th Century was that Century which lasted from 1601 - 1700 in the Gregorian calendar Ovruch (Овруч is a City in the Zhytomyr Oblast ( province) of northern Ukraine. Ukraine (Україна Ukrayina, /ukrɑˈjinɑ/ is a country in Eastern Europe. Events 597 BC - Babylonians capture Jerusalem, replace Jehoiachin with Zedekiah as king Ukraine (Україна Ukrayina, /ukrɑˈjinɑ/ is a country in Eastern Europe. The Greek Orthodox Church ( Greek: Ἑλληνορθόδοξη Ἐκκλησία Hellēnorthódoxē Ekklēsía) is formed by several autocephalous churches Ukrainians (Українці Ukrayintsi,) are an East Slavic Ethnic group primarily living in Ukraine, or more broadly— Citizens Polish ( język polski, polszczyzna) is the Official language of Poland. Hetman was the title of the second highest military commander (after the Monarch) used in 15th to 18th century Poland, Ukraine and Grand Ukraine (Україна Ukrayina, /ukrɑˈjinɑ/ is a country in Eastern Europe. The Cossacks (Каза́ки́ Kazaki; Козаки́ Kozaki; Kozacy are a group of martial people living in the southern Steppe regions of Eastern The Russo-Polish War of 1654–1667, also called the War for Ukraine, was the last major conflict between the Tsardom of Russia and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth He was the successor to the famous hetman and rebel leader Bohdan Khmelnytsky (see Hetmans of Ukrainian Cossacks). Bohdan Zynovii Mykhailovych Khmel'nyts'kyi (Богдан Зиновій Михайлович Хмельницький commonly transliterated as Khmelnytsky; known in Hetman was the title used by commanders of the Ruthenian (Ukrainian Dnieper Cossacks from the end of the sixteenth century His time as hetman was characterized by his generally pro-Polish policies, which led to his defeat by pro-Russian Cossacks. The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, officially the Commonwealth of the Crown of the Polish Kingdom and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania also known as the Most Serene Republic Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending

Biography

Vyhovsky, son of Ostap Vyhovsky (vicegerent of Kyiv fortress under voivode Adam Kisiel), was an Orthodox nobleman from the Kyiv region. Vicegerent is the official administrative deputy of a Ruler or Head of state. Kiev, also known as Kyiv ( Ukrainian:, Kyiv, ˈkɪjiw Russian:, Kiyev; see also Cities' alternative names) is the A voivode or waywode is a Slavic title that originally denoted the principal commander of a military force Adam Świętołdycz Kisiel (1600-1653 was a Voivode of Kijów or Bracław Voivodship (sources vary (1649-1653 and castellan or voivode of Czernichów The Eastern Orthodox Church is the second largest single Christian Communion in the world He studied at the prestigious Orthodox Kyiv-Mohyla Academy. National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy ( NaUKMA) (Національний університет «Києво-Могилянська академія» (НаУКМА In Polish military service, he was captured by Khmelnystsky's rebel Cossack forces at Zhovti Vody in May of 1648, he was freed on account of his education and experience and rose to become secretary-general or chancellor (heneralny pysar) of the Cossacks and one of Khmelnytsky's closest advisors. Zhovti Vody (Жовті Води Żółte Wody Желтые Воды is a City in south-central Ukraine 's Dnipropetrovsk Oblast ( province)

Elected hetman upon the death of Khmelnytsky, Vyhovsky sought to find a counterbalance to the pervasive Muscovite influence present in Ukraine after the 1654 Treaty of Pereyaslav. The Treaty of Pereyaslav (Pereiaslav was concluded in 1654 in the Ukrainian city of Pereiaslav-Khmelnytskyi (Pereyaslav While the Cossack elite and the ecclesiastical authorities supported this pro-Polish orientation, the masses and the Cossack rank-and-file remained deeply suspicious and resentful of the Poles, by whom they had long been forced into serfdom. As a result, some Cossacks, led by Iakiv Barabash, put forward an alternative candidate for the hetmancy in Martyn Pushkar, the colonel of the Poltava regiment of Cossacks. Yakiv Barabash (Яків Барабаш was a Zaporozhian Cossack Otaman (1657-58 who opposed Hetman Ivan Vyhovsky. Martyn Pushkar (Мартин Пушкар (died on June 1, 1658) was a Polkovnyk of Poltava 's Cossack regiment known for his loyalty Poltava (Полтава Połtawa is a City in central Ukraine. The rebellion against the hetman grew, and came to a head when Vyhovsky's forces clashed with the pro-Muscovy Cossacks in June of 1658. Vyhovsky's forces prevailed, killing Pushkar and forcing Barabash to flee (he would later be captured and executed). However, it had clearly been a fratricidal conflict, resulting in some 50,000 Ukrainian deaths.

Following his consolidation of power within Ukraine, Vyhovsky attempted to reach an acceptable agreement with the Poles. Encouraged by his aristocratic friend Iurii Nemyrych, Vyhovsky entered negotiations with the Polish government, which resulted in the Treaty of Hadiach. The Treaty of Hadiach (ugoda hadziacka was a Treaty signed on September 16 1658 in Hadiach (Hadziacz Hadiacz Гадяч between representatives of the Polish-Lithuanian Under the conditions of the treaty, Ukraine would become a third and autonomous component of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, under the ultimate sovereignty of the King of Poland, but with its own military, courts, and treasury. The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, officially the Commonwealth of the Crown of the Polish Kingdom and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania also known as the Most Serene Republic Additionally, adherents of the Orthodox faith were to receive equal consideration as Catholics. The Eastern Orthodox Church is the second largest single Christian Communion in the world As such, the treaty as signed would have assured the Ukrainians of autonomy and dignity to an extent they had not known for centuries.

However, the Treaty of Hadiach was never implemented. Following its signing, a massive Russian army (according to some sources up to 150,000 soldiers; about 100 000 of them very occupied by the siege of Konotop, the rest were massacred by tatars when trying to follow after Vyhovskys kosacks, resulting in 20 000 - 30 000 dead Russians) led by the boyar Aleksei Trubetskoi crossed into Ukraine. This article refers to the aristocratic title of boyar. For the Boyar caste of India, see Boyar (caste. See also Trubetskoy Battle of Konotop In response, Vyhovsky led 60,000 Cossacks against the Russians alongside his Polish and 40,000 Tatar allies. Crimean Tatars (sg Qırımtatar, pl Qırımtatarlar) or Crimeans (sg Near Konotop, the Muscovites were soundly defeated. Konotop (Конотоп is a city in northern Ukraine within the Sumy Oblast. However, Vyhovsky was not able to capitalize on this victory, as the Muscovite garrisons in several Ukrainian towns continued to hold out and his Tatar allies were forced to return to the Crimea when it was attacked by independent Cossacks. Crimea (kraɪˈmiːə or the Autonomous Republic of Crimea (Крим Автономна Республіка Крим Avtonomna Respublika Krym; Крым Furthermore, pro-Muscovy unrest led by Ivan Bogun broke out again amongst the Cossacks. Ivan Bohun or Ivan Bogun (Іван Богун (died in 1664 was a Ukrainian Cossack colonel. In 1659, faced with a second rebellion against his rule and unable to master the dangerous and chaotic forces vying for power in Ukraine, Vyhovsky surrendered the office of hetman and retired to Poland. Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland

Unfortunately for Vyhovsky, his service on behalf of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and his willing surrender of power did not protect him, and in 1664, another Cossack hetman, Pavlo Teteria, seeing in Vyhovsky a potential rival, had him arrested and executed by the Poles, making him another victim of the fratricidal power struggles that devastated Ukraine in the latter half of the 17th century. Pavlo Teteria (Павло Тетеря - Paweł Morzkowski herbu Ślepowron (born ?- died in 1670 in Adrianopolis) was Hetman of Right-Bank Ukraine As a means of recording the passage of Time, the 17th Century was that Century which lasted from 1601 - 1700 in the Gregorian calendar

Preceded by Yurii Khmelnytsky	Hetman of Ukraine 1657–1659	Succeeded by Yurii Khmelnytsky

References

Subtelny, Orest (1988). Yurii Khmelnytsky (Юрій Хмельницький (1641&ndash1685 son of the famous Bohdan Khmelnytsky, was a Cossack political and military leader Yurii Khmelnytsky (Юрій Хмельницький (1641&ndash1685 son of the famous Bohdan Khmelnytsky, was a Cossack political and military leader Orest Subtelny (b 1943 in Kraków) - is a Canadian Historian of Ukrainian descent Ukraine: A History. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. ISBN 0-8020-5808-6.
"Vyhovsky" at Encyclopedia of Ukraine