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This article is about the City of Ithaca and the region. For the legally distinct town which itself is a part of the Ithaca metropolitan area, see Ithaca (town), New York. This is an article about the Town of Ithaca For the City of Ithaca or Ithaca as a whole see Ithaca, New York.
For other places or objects named Ithaca, see Ithaca (disambiguation).
Ithaca, New York
Location in New York
Location in New York
Coordinates: 42°26′36″N 76°30′0″W / 42.44333, -76.5
Country United States
State New York
County Tompkins County
Founded 1790
Incorporated 1888
Government
 - Mayor Carolyn K. Peterson (D)
Area
 - City 6. New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous Wikipedia talkFeatured lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->This list of countries, arranged alphabetically The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The political units and divisions of the United States include The 50 states (four of these being officially styled as Commonwealths) which are typically New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous There are 62 counties in the State of New York. The first twelve counties in New York were created immediately after the British annexation of the Dutch colony of New Amsterdam Tompkins County is a County located in the US state of New York, and comprises the whole of the Ithaca Metropolitan area. A municipal corporation is the legal term for a local governing body, including (but not necessarily limited to cities, counties, Towns Year 1790 ( MDCCXC) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year A municipal corporation is the legal term for a local governing body, including (but not necessarily limited to cities, counties, Towns Year 1888 ( MDCCCLXXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (click on link for calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning "greater" is a modern title used in many countries for the highest ranking officer in a municipal government Carolyn K Peterson is Ithaca, New York 's first female Mayor, first elected in 2003 and reelected in 2007 The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. 1 sq mi (15. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. 7 km²)
 - Land 5. To help compare different Orders of magnitude and geographical regions we list here areas between 100 km² and 1000 km² 5 sq mi (14. 1 km²)
 - Water 0. 6 sq mi (1. 6 km²)
Population (2000)
 - City 29,287 (city proper)
 - Density 5,363. Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 9/sq mi (2,071. 0/km²)
 - Metro 100,018
 - Demonym Ithacan
Time zone EST (UTC-5)
 - Summer (DST) EDT (UTC-4)
Area code(s) 607
Website: www.ci.ithaca.ny.us

The City of Ithaca (named for the Greek island of Ithaca)[1] sits on the southern shore of Cayuga Lake, in Central New York State, USA. A metropolitan area is a large population center consisting of a large Metropolis and its adjacent zone of influence or of more than one closely adjoining neighboring central A demonym or gentilic is a word that denotes the members of a People or the inhabitants of a place The Eastern Time Zone ( ET) of the Western Hemisphere falls mostly along the east coast of North America and the west coast of South America UTC−5 is the Time offset used in the North American Eastern Time Zone during Standard time and in the North American Central Time Zone during Daylight saving time ( DST The Eastern Time Zone ( ET) of the Western Hemisphere falls mostly along the east coast of North America and the west coast of South America UTC−4 is the Time offset used in the Atlantic Standard Time Zone in Canada in winter and the North American Eastern Time Zone during A telephone numbering plan is a plan for allocating Telephone number ranges to countries regions areas and exchanges and to non-fixed telephone networks Area code 607 is a State of New York Telephone Area code servicing the south-central part of the state. Greece (Ελλάδα transliterated: Elláda, historically, Ellás,) officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία Ithaca or Ithaka (in Greek, Ιθάκη, Ithaki) is an island in the Ionian Sea, in Greece, with an area of 118 km² Cayuga Lake (pronounced either "kā-'yü-gə" or "kī-'yü-gə" is the longest of western New York 's glacial Finger Lakes, and is the second largest Central New York is a term used to broadly describe the central region of New York State, roughly including the following counties and cities New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous It is best known for being home to Cornell University — an Ivy League school with almost 20,000 students (most of them studying on Cornell’s Ithaca campus). The Ivy League is an Athletic conference comprising eight private institutions of higher education in the Northeastern United States. [2][3] While Ithaca College is located just south of the city in the Town of Ithaca, the college is strongly linked to the city, further adding to Ithaca’s strong “college town” focus and atmosphere. Ithaca College is a private institution of higher education located on the South Hill of Ithaca New York. A college town or university town is a community (often literally a Town, but possibly a small or medium sized City, or in some cases a Neighborhood

The City of Ithaca is the center of the Ithaca-Tompkins County metropolitan area (which also contains the separate municipalities of Town of Ithaca, Village of Cayuga Heights, Village of Lansing and other towns and villages in Tompkins County). A metropolitan area is a large population center consisting of a large Metropolis and its adjacent zone of influence or of more than one closely adjoining neighboring central This is an article about the Town of Ithaca For the City of Ithaca or Ithaca as a whole see Ithaca, New York. Cayuga Heights is a Village in Tompkins County, New York, United States. Lansing is a Village in Tompkins County, New York, United States. Tompkins County is a County located in the US state of New York, and comprises the whole of the Ithaca Metropolitan area. The city is the county seat of Tompkins County. A county seat is a term for an Administrative center for a County, primarily used in the United States. In 2000, the city's population was 29,287, and the metropolitan area had a population of 100,135. 2004 estimates puts the city population at 29,952, an increase of 2. 3%.

The Namgyal Monastery in Ithaca is the North American seat of His Holiness Tenzin Gyatso, the 14th Dalai Lama. Jetsun Jamphel Ngawang Lobsang Yeshe Tenzin Gyatso (born Lhamo Döndrub ( 6 July 1935 in Qinghai) He is the head of the Tibetan government-in-exile [4]

Contents

History

Early history

The inhabitants of the Ithaca area at the time of European expansion were the Saponi and Tutelo Indians, dependent tribes of the Cayuga Indians who formed part of the Iroquois confederation. Saponi, is the name of one of the eastern Siouan tribes related to the Tutelo, Occaneechi, Monacan, Manahoac and other eastern Siouan Tutelo is a name classification referring to Indians who historically resided from the eastern edge of the Blue Ridge Mountains of Virginia down to the valleys of the Mayo and Dan Rivers The Cayuga nation ( Guyohkohnyo or the People of the Great Swamp) was one of the five original constituents of the Haudenosaunee ( Iroquois) a confederacy The Iroquois Confederacy (also known as the "League of Peace and Power" the "Five Nations" the "Six Nations" or the "People of the Longhouse These tribes had been allowed to settle on Cayuga-controlled hunting lands at the south end of Cayuga Lake as well as in Pony (originally Sapony) Hollow of Newfield, New York, after being forced from North Carolina by European expansion. Cayuga Lake (pronounced either "kā-'yü-gə" or "kī-'yü-gə" is the longest of western New York 's glacial Finger Lakes, and is the second largest North Carolina ( is a state located on the Atlantic Seaboard in the southeastern United States They were driven from the area by the Sullivan Expedition which destroyed the Tutelo village of Coregonal, located near the junction of state routes 13 and 13A just south of the Ithaca city limits. Background When the American Revolutionary War began British officials as well as the colonial Continental Congress sought the allegiance (or at least the neutrality New York State Route 13 is a long State highway that runs mainly north-south between NY 14 in Horseheads and NY 3 west of Pulaski New York State Route 13 is a long State highway that runs mainly north-south between NY 14 in Horseheads and NY 3 west of Pulaski Indian presence in the current City of Ithaca was limited to a temporary hunting camp at the base of Cascadilla Gorge. The destruction of Iroquois confederation power opened the region to settlement by people of European origin, a process which began in 1789. The Iroquois Confederacy (also known as the "League of Peace and Power" the "Five Nations" the "Six Nations" or the "People of the Longhouse Year 1789 ( MDCCLXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common In 1790, an official program began for distributing land in the area as a reward for service to the American soldiers of the Revolutionary War; most local land titles trace back to the Revolutionary war grants. Year 1790 ( MDCCXC) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Lots were drawn in 1791; informal settlement had already started.

Partition of the Military Tract

As part of this process, the Central New York Military Tract, which included northern Tompkins County, was surveyed by Simeon DeWitt. The Military Tract of Central New York, also called the New Military Tract, consisted of nearly two million Acres (8000 km² of Bounty His clerk Robert Harpur had a fondness for ancient Greek and Roman history as well as English authors and philosophers (as evidenced by the nearby townships of Dryden and Locke). Robert Harpur ( January 25, 1731 Ballybay, County Monaghan, Ireland - 1825 was an American teacher politician pioneer and landowner The Commissioners of Lands of New York State (chairman Gov. George Clinton) followed Harpur's recommendations at a meeting in 1790. Admiral of the Fleet George Clinton (c1686 &ndash 10 July 1761) was a British naval officer and political leader who served as the colonial The Military Tract township in which proto-Ithaca was located he named the Town of Ulysses, the Latin form of the Greek Odysseus from Homer's Odyssey. Ulysses is a Town located in northwest Tompkins County, New York, U grc-Latn Odysseus or la Ulysses ( Greek grc-Latn Odysseus; Latin: la Ulixes or more commonly Ulysses) oʊˈdɪsiəs A few years later DeWitt moved to Ithaca, then called variously "The Flats," "The City," or "Sodom," and named it for the Greek island home of Ulysses (still the surrounding township at the time — nowadays Ulysses is just a town in Tompkins County). grc-Latn Odysseus or la Ulysses ( Greek grc-Latn Odysseus; Latin: la Ulixes or more commonly Ulysses) oʊˈdɪsiəs Contrary to popular myth, DeWitt did not name many of the classical references found in Upstate New York such as Syracuse and Troy; these were from the general classical fervor of the times. Upstate New York is the region of New York State north of the core of the New York metropolitan area. Syracuse (locally ˈsɛrəkjuːs sometimes ˈsɪrəkjuːs or /ˈsɪərəkjuːs/ by non-natives is a city in Central New York, USA. Troy is a City in New York, US, and the County seat of Rensselaer County. The Odyssey is routinely taught to elementary school students in the Ithaca area. The Odyssey ( Greek: Ὀδύσσεια or Odússeia) is one of two major ancient Greek epic poems attributed to Homer.

The growth of Ithaca, village and city

A view of the shops and businesses on the Ithaca Commons.
A view of the shops and businesses on the Ithaca Commons. The Ithaca Commons is a two-block Pedestrian mall in downtown Ithaca, New York, built in 1974.

In the 1820s and 1830, Ithaca held high hopes of becoming a major city when the primitive Ithaca and Owego Railway was completed in 1832 to connect the Erie Canal navigation with the Susquehanna River to the south. Events and trends Nationalistic independence helped reshape the world during this decade Greece gains independence from the Ottoman Empire For the game see 1830 (board game. Year 1830 ( MDCCCXXX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display The Erie Canal is a popular canal in New York state from the Hudson River to Lake Erie, approximately 360 miles connecting the Great Lakes In 1821, the village set itself off by incorporation at the same time the Town of Ithaca parted with the parent town of Ulysses. Year 1821 ( MDCCCXXI) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common year These hopes survived the depression of 1837 when the railroad was re-organized as the Cayuga & Susquehanna and re-engineered with switchbacks in the late 1840s; much of this route is now used by the South Hill Recreation Way. Year 1837 ( MDCCCXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common This is a list of trails in Ithaca New York. Multiuse and commuter trails Many of the major trails in Ithaca and the surrounding areas lie in abandoned railway However, easier routes soon became available, such as the Syracuse, Binghamton & New York (1854). In the decade following the Civil War railroads were built from Ithaca to all surrounding points (Geneva, New York; Cayuga, New York; Cortland, New York; Elmira, New York; Athens, Pennsylvania) mainly with financing from Ezra Cornell; however, the geography of the city has always prevented it from lying on a major transportation artery. For other places with this name see Geneva. Geneva is a City in Ontario and Seneca counties in the Cayuga is a Village in Cayuga County, New York, United States. Cortland is a City in Cortland County New York, USA. As of the 2000 census the city had a population of 18740 Elmira is a City in Chemung County, New York, USA. It is the principal city of the 'Elmira New York Metropolitan Statistical Area Athens is a borough in Bradford County, Pennsylvania, two miles (3 km south of the N Ezra Cornell ( January 11, 1807 &ndash December 9, 1874) was an American businessman and with Andrew Dickson White, was Nevertheless, the village of Ithaca became a chartered city in 1887. When the Lehigh Valley Railroad built its main line from Pennsylvania to Buffalo in 1890 it bypassed Ithaca (running via eastern Schuyler County on easier grades), as the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad had done in the 1850s. The Lehigh Valley Railroad was one of a number of railroads built in the northeastern United States primarily to haul Anthracite coal. Schuyler County is a County located in the US state of New York. The Delaware Lackawanna and Western Railroad Company ( DL&W or Lackawanna) was a Railroad connecting Pennsylvania 's Lackawanna Valley Ithaca became a city in 1888 and remained a small manufacturing and retail center until the recent education boom. In 1891, the Rev. John M. Scott and a local druggist, Chester Platt, invented the ice cream sundae in Ithaca,[5][6] though other cities, such as Two Rivers, Wisconsin, make the same claim. The sundae is an Ice cream dessert It typically consists of a scoop of ice cream topped with sauce or syrup (often Chocolate, Caramel, Butterscotch Two Rivers is a city in Manitowoc County, Wisconsin, United States. [7]

Local Industry

Ithaca was nationally known for the Ithaca Gun Company, makers of highly-valued shotguns, and Ithaca Calendar Clocks. The Ithaca Gun Company is a manufacturer of Shotguns and Rifles originally established in Ithaca New York in 1880. The largest industry was the Morse Chain company, still active in Lansing, New York, as Borg Warner Automotive and on South Hill as Emerson Power Transmission. Lansing New York can refer to Lansing (town New York Lansing (village New York Emerson Electric Company ( NYSE: EMR is a major Multinational corporation headquartered in St In the post-World War II decades, National Cash Register and the Langmuir Research Labs of General Electric were also major employers. NCR Corporation ( is a technology company specializing in products for the retail and financial sectors

Higher education

Cornell University was founded by Ezra Cornell in 1865. Ezra Cornell ( January 11, 1807 &ndash December 9, 1874) was an American businessman and with Andrew Dickson White, was Year 1865 ( MDCCCLXV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year It was opened as a coeducational institution, which was extremely unusual at the time; women first enrolled in 1870. Mixed-sex education, (or just Mixed education) also known as Coeducation, is the integrated education to males and females at the same school facilities Year 1870 ( MDCCCLXX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Ezra Cornell also established a public library for the city. Ithaca College was founded as the Ithaca Conservatory of Music in 1892. Ithaca College is a private institution of higher education located on the South Hill of Ithaca New York. Year 1892 ( MDCCCXCII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year

The film industry

During the early 20th century, Ithaca was an important center in the silent film industry. The most common type of film produced was the cliffhanger serial. A cliffhanger or cliffhanger ending is a Plot device in which a movie, Novel, or other work of fiction contains an abrupt ending often leaving Serials, more specifically known as Movie serials or Film serials, were Short subjects originally shown in theaters in conjunction with a Feature These films often featured the local natural scenery. Many of these films were the work of Leopold Wharton and his brother Theodore Wharton in their studio on the site of what is now Stewart Park. Leopold Wharton ( 1 September, 1870 &ndash 27 September, 1927) was an American Film director, producer and writer Theodore Wharton ( 12 April, 1875 &ndash 28 November, 1931) was an American Film director, producer and writer The Whartons, Incorporated was an early Silent film Production company operating in the small town of Ithaca New York from 1914 to 1919 Stewart Park is in Ithaca New York. Ithaca is located on the southern tip of Cayuga Lake, the largest Finger Lake, and Stewart sits directly on that tip Eventually the film industry centralized in Hollywood, which offered the possibility of year-round filming, and film production in Ithaca effectively ceased. Few of the silent films made in Ithaca are preserved today.

Geography and climate

Hemlock Gorge along Fall Creek before emptying into Beebe Lake on Cornell's Campus.
Hemlock Gorge along Fall Creek before emptying into Beebe Lake on Cornell's Campus.

The valley in which Cayuga Lake is located is long and narrow with a north-south orientation. Ithaca is at the southern end (the "head") of the lake, but the valley continues to the southwest behind the city. Originally a river valley, it was deepened and widened by the action of Pleistocene ice sheets over the last several hundred thousand years. The lake, which drains to the north, formed behind a dam of glacial moraine. Moraine refers to any glacially formed accumulation of unconsolidated glacial debris (soil and rock which can occur in currently glaciated and formerly glaciated regions such as those The rock is predominantly Devonian and, north of Ithaca, is relatively fossil rich. The Devonian is a geologic period and system of the Paleozoic era spanning from to  million years ago. Glacial erratics can be found in the area. A glacial erratic is a piece of rock that deviates from the size and type of rock native to the area in which it rests the name " erratic " is based on the The world renowned fossils found in this area can be examined at the Museum of the Earth. FOSSIL is a standard protocol for allowing serial communication for Telecommunications programs under the DOS Operating system. The Museum of the Earth is a public natural history museum It is located in Ithaca New York, on the campus of the PRI, its parent organization

Ithaca was founded on flat land just south of the lake — land that formed in fairly recent geological times when silt filled the southern end of the lake. The city ultimately spread to the adjacent hillsides, which rise several hundred feet above the central flats: East Hill, West Hill, and South Hill. Its sides are fairly steep, and a number of the streams that flow into the valley from east or west have cut deep gorges, usually with several waterfalls. For the song see CANYONMID. For the band see Canyon (band. A canyon (rarely cañon) or gorge A waterfall is usually a geological formation resulting from water often in the form of a Stream, flowing over an Erosion -resistant rock

Ithaca experiences a moderate continental climate, with cold, snowy winters and sometimes hot and humid summers. Continental climate is a Climate that is characterized by Winter Temperatures cold enough to support a fixed period of Snow cover each Year The valley flatland has slightly milder weather in winter, and occasionally Ithacans experience simultaneous snow on the hills and rain in the valley. The phenomenon of mixed precipitation (rain, wind, and snow), common in the late fall and early spring, is known tongue-in-cheek as ithacation to many of the local residents. Tongue-in-cheek is a term used to refer to humor in which a statement or an entire fictional work is not meant to be taken seriously but its lack of seriousness is subtle [6]

The natural vegetation of the Ithaca area, seen in areas unbuilt and unfarmed, is northern temperate broadleaf forest, dominated by deciduous trees. Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests temperate deciduous forest) --> are a Temperate and Humid Biome. Botany Autumn leaf color. See --> In Botany and Horticulture, deciduous Plants, including

Due to the microclimates created by the impact of the lakes, the region surrounding Ithaca (Finger Lakes American Viticultural Area) experiences a short but adequate growing season for winemaking. A microclimate is a local atmospheric zone where the Climate differs from the surrounding area The Finger Lakes are a chain of lakes in the west-central section of Upstate New York that are a popular tourist destination An American Viticultural Area is a designated Wine Grape -growing region in the United States distinguishable by geographic features with boundaries As such the region is home to many wineries. Wine is an Alcoholic beverage made from the fermentation of Grape juice

Education

Ithaca is a major educational center in Central New York. Central New York is a term used to broadly describe the central region of New York State, roughly including the following counties and cities The city is home to Ithaca College, situated on South Hill, and Cornell University which overlooks the town from East Hill. Ithaca College is a private institution of higher education located on the South Hill of Ithaca New York. The student population is very high, as almost 20,000 students are enrolled at Cornell, with an additional 6,300 students at Ithaca College. A college town or university town is a community (often literally a Town, but possibly a small or medium sized City, or in some cases a Neighborhood Tompkins Cortland Community College is located in the neighboring town of Dryden, New York, and has an extension center in downtown Ithaca. Dryden New York can refer to Dryden (village New York Dryden (town New York

The Ithaca City School District, which encompasses Ithaca and the surrounding area, enrolls about 5,500 K-12 students in eight elementary schools, two middle schools, Ithaca High School, and the Lehman Alternative Community School, which provides its students wide-ranging freedom to choose their own curriculum. The Ithaca City School District (ICSD is a public School district centered in Ithaca, New York, consisting of 12 schools and with a total enrollment of For other schools by this name see Ithaca High School Ithaca High School (IHS is a Public high school in Ithaca New York The Lehman Alternative Community School (LACS is a nationally renowned public, educational alternative, combined middle and high school in the Ithaca City School There are also several private elementary and secondary schools in the Ithaca area, including Immaculate Conception School and the Cascadilla School. Cascadilla School is a preparatory school in Ithaca, New York.

Economy

The economy of Ithaca is based on education and manufacturing with high tech and tourism in strong supporting roles. As of 2006, Ithaca remains one of the few expanding economies in economically troubled New York State outside of New York City, and draws commuters from the neighboring rural counties of Cortland, Tioga, and Schuyler, as well as from the more urbanized Chemung County. Cortland County is a County located in the US state of New York, named after Pierre Van Cortlandt, president of the convention at Kingston Tioga County is a County located in the US state of New York. Schuyler County is a County located in the US state of New York. Chemung County is a County located in the US state of New York.

With some level of success, Ithaca has tried to maintain a traditional downtown shopping area that includes the Ithaca Commons pedestrian mall and Center Ithaca, a small mixed-use complex built at the end of the urban renewal era. The Ithaca Commons is a two-block Pedestrian mall in downtown Ithaca, New York, built in 1974. Some in the community regret that downtown has lost vitality to two expanding commercial zones to the northeast and southwest of the old city. These areas contain an increasing number of large retail stores and restaurants run by national chains. Others say the chain stores boost local shopping options for residents considerably, many of whom would have previously shopped elsewhere, while increasing sales tax revenue for the city and county. Still others note that the stores, restaurants, and businesses that remain in downtown are not necessarily in direct competition with the larger chain stores. The tradeoff between sprawl and economic development continues to be debated throughout the city and the surrounding area. (Another commercial center, Collegetown, is located next to the Cornell campus. It features a number of restaurants, shops, and bars, and an increasing number of high rise apartments and is primarily frequented by Cornell University students. )

Ithaca has many of the businesses characteristic of small American university towns: used bookstores, art house cinemas, craft stores, and vegetarian restaurants. The collective Moosewood Restaurant, founded in 1973, was the wellspring for a number of vegetarian cookbooks; Bon Appetit magazine ranked it among the thirteen most influential restaurants of the twentieth century. Moosewood Restaurant is a Restaurant that was founded in 1973 in downtown Ithaca, New York, a university town in New York State which is the location Bon Appétit ( French for enjoy your meal -- literally good appetite) describes itself as "a Food and entertaining Magazine

The Clinton House, a 19th century building in downtown Ithaca
The Clinton House, a 19th century building in downtown Ithaca

Culture

Ithacans support the Ithaca Farmers Market, professional theaters (Kitchen Theatre, Hangar Theatre, Icarus Theatre), a civic orchestra, much parkland, the Sciencenter, a hands-on science museum for people of all ages, and the Museum of the Earth. An orchestra is an instrumental ensemble, usually fairly large with string brass woodwind sections and possibly a percussion section as well Sciencenter is a hands-on Science museum in Ithaca, New York. The Museum of the Earth is a public natural history museum It is located in Ithaca New York, on the campus of the PRI, its parent organization Ithaca is noted for its annual artistic celebration of community: The Ithaca Festival (and its parade), the Circus Eccentrithaca. Local live music is very prominent in the culture of Ithaca, the home of several nationally known acts such as Johnny Dowd, John Brown's Body, Donna the Buffalo,The Sim Redmond Band, Who You Are,Samite,Thousands Of One, The Horseflies, and The Burns Sisters. Johnny Dowd (born March 29 1948 in Fort Worth Texas) is an American Alternative country musician from Ithaca New York John Brown's Body is an eight-person modern Reggae group As of January 2007 they have released five studio albums and toured across the U Donna the Buffalo is an American band from Trumansburg, New York. The Sim Redmond Band is a Roots Rock Band from Ithaca New York has produced seven albums for I Town Records Room In These Skies (2008Live at Grassroots Samite was a luxurious and heavy Silk fabric worn in the Middle Ages, of a Twill -type weave, often including gold or silver thread Folk pop and rock are given a Celtic slant by Ithaca New York-based vocalists the Burns Sisters. The Constance Saltonstall Foundation for the Arts provides grants and Summer Fellowships at the Saltonstall Arts Colony for New York State artists and writers. Ithaca also hosts what is described as the third-largest used-book sale in the United States. The Friends of the Tompkins County Public Library Booksale is a twice annual event which is billed as the third largest event of its type in the United States Other festivals occur annually, with music and food. These include The Apple Festival in the fall, with many different varieties of apples and apple products; Chili Fest in February, a local contest involving many local restaurants who compete to make the best chili in several different categories.

Many Ithaca-area musicians participate in the Grassroots Festival, held in nearby Trumansburg.

Ithaca has also pioneered the Ithaca Health Fund, a popular cooperative health insurance. Ithaca is also home to one of the United States' first local currency systems, Ithaca Hours, developed by Paul Glover (building on the pioneering work of Ralph Borsodi and Robert Swann). In Economics, a local currency, in its common usage is a Currency not backed by a national government (and not necessarily Legal tender) and intended Ithaca Hours is a Local currency in Ithaca New York. It is credited as the first modern Local currency and has inspired similar systems throughout the Paul Glover (b July 18 1947) is a community organizer currently based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Ralph Borsodi (1886 – October 26, 1977) was an economic theorist and practical experimenter interested in ways of living useful to the modern person or

Media

The dominant local newspaper in Ithaca is a morning daily, The Ithaca Journal, founded 1815. A newspaper is a written Publication containing News, information and Advertising, usually printed on low-cost paper called Newsprint. The Ithaca Journal is a daily morning Broadsheet Newspaper published in Ithaca New York. The paper is owned by Gannett, Inc. Gannett Company Inc ( is a publicly-traded media Holding company based in the United States. , publishers of USA Today. USA TODAY is a national American daily Newspaper published by the Gannett Company. The alternative weekly newspaper Ithaca Times has a larger circulation, though it should be noted that the Times is distributed free of charge. An alternative newspaper is a type of Newspaper that eschews comprehensive coverage of general news in favor of opinionated Reviews and columns Other area publications include Tompkins Weekly, the Ithaca Community News the Cornell Daily Sun, the Ithacan, and the Tattler. The Ithaca Community News is a semi-monthly email newsletter founded by former local resident Paul Glover. The Cornell Daily Sun is an independent daily Newspaper published in Ithaca New York by students at Cornell University. The Tattler is the Student newspaper of Ithaca High School in Ithaca New York. (The latter three are run by student staffs at Cornell University, Ithaca College, and Ithaca High School, respectively. )

Ithaca is also home to a wide variety of radio stations. This article is about radio broadcasting for other uses see Radio (disambiguation. WVBR is run by Cornell University students, but is an independent, commercial station in the rock format, playing a mix of modern and classic rock during the week and specialty shows on the weekend. WVBR-FM (935 FM) is a Radio station that broadcasts to Ithaca, New York, and surrounding areas Rock music is a genre of Popular music often though not necessarily employing Electric guitar, Bass guitar, and Drums. WICB is a non-commercial student-run station, run by communications students at Ithaca College. WICB (917 FM) is a Radio station broadcasting a Alternative format Ithaca College is a private institution of higher education located on the South Hill of Ithaca New York. The Cayuga Radio Group, a subsidiary of Saga Communications, Inc. , owns Q-Country and Lite Rock 97. 3, a country and soft rock station, respectively. I-100 is a classic rock station owned by Citadel and located in Cortland, and The Wall, based in Auburn, has a transmitter in Ithaca. For the similarly named television broadcaster see Citadel Communications. Cortland is a City in Cortland County New York, USA. As of the 2000 census the city had a population of 18740 Auburn ( Áhsku•ˀ in Tuscarora) is a City in Cayuga County, New York, United States of America.

Politics

Politically, the city's population has a significant tilt towards liberalism and the Democratic Party. Liberalism in the United States is a broad political and philosophical mindset favoring individual Liberty, and opposing restrictions on liberty whether they come from The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. This contrasts with the more conservative leanings of the surrounding Upstate New York region, and is also somewhat more liberal than the rest of Tompkins County. Conservatism in the United States includes a variety of political ideologies including Fiscal conservatism, Supply-side economics, Social conservatism Upstate New York is the region of New York State north of the core of the New York metropolitan area. Tompkins County is a County located in the US state of New York, and comprises the whole of the Ithaca Metropolitan area. In 1988 Jesse Jackson received the most votes in Ithaca in the Democratic Presidential primary. Jesse Louis Jackson Sr (born October 8 1941 is an American Civil rights activist and Baptist minister. In 2000 Ralph Nader received more votes for President than George W. Bush. Ralph Nader (born February 27 1934 is an American Attorney, Author, Lecturer, political activist, and independent candidate for President George Walker Bush ( born July 6 1946 is the forty-third and current President of the United States. In 2008, Barack Obama won Tompkins County in the Democratic Presidential Primary, the only county that he won in New York State. Tompkins County is a County located in the US state of New York, and comprises the whole of the Ithaca Metropolitan area.

Local government

The name Ithaca designates two governmental entities in the area, the Town of Ithaca and the City of Ithaca. This is an article about the Town of Ithaca For the City of Ithaca or Ithaca as a whole see Ithaca, New York. The City of Ithaca (named for the Greek island of Ithaca) sits on the southern shore of Cayuga Lake, in Central New York

The Town of Ithaca is one of the nine towns comprised by Tompkins County. Tompkins County is a County located in the US state of New York, and comprises the whole of the Ithaca Metropolitan area. (Towns in New York are something like townships in other states; every county outside New York City is subdivided into towns. ) The City of Ithaca is surrounded by, but legally independent of, the Town. The Town of Ithaca contains the Village of Cayuga Heights, a small incorporated upper-middle class suburb located to the northeast of the City of Ithaca. Cayuga Heights is a Village in Tompkins County, New York, United States.

The City of Ithaca has a mayor-council government. The Mayor-Council government system sometimes called the Mayor-Commission government system is one of two variations of Government used for the most part in modern The charter of the City of Ithaca provides for a full-time mayor and city judge, each independent and elected at large. A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning "greater" is a modern title used in many countries for the highest ranking officer in a municipal government Since 1995, the mayor has been elected to a four-year term, and since 1989, the city judge has been elected to a six-year term. Since 1983, the city has been divided into five wards, each electing two members to the city council, known as the Common Council, for staggered four-year terms. A city council is a form of Local government, usually covering a City or other Urban area, such as a Town.

The Town government consists of an executive, the Town Supervisor, elected to a four-year term, and a Town Council of three members also elected for terms of four years.

The majority of local property taxes are actually assessed by an entirely independent agency with entirely different borders, the Ithaca City School District. The Ithaca City School District (ICSD is a public School district centered in Ithaca, New York, consisting of 12 schools and with a total enrollment of

City-Town consolidation

In December 2005, the City and Town governments began discussing opportunities for increased government consolidation, including the possibility of joining the two into a single entity. This topic had been previously discussed in 1963 and 1969.

The possibility of consolidation is controversial for Town residents who could be forced to pay higher taxes as they help shoulder the higher debt burden that the City has taken on. Some Town residents also worry that consolidation could lead to increased sprawl and traffic congestion. However, most of the Town's population is already concentrated in hamlets in proximity to the City's borders and Town residents take advantage of City amenities. A hamlet is (usually&mdashsee below a Rural community — that is a small settlement — which is too small to be considered a Village. Mayor Walter Lynn of the Village of Cayuga Heights (a wealthy Ithaca suburb located in the Town) called consolidation discussion a "waste of time. "[8]

Greater Ithaca

The term "Greater Ithaca" encompasses both the City and Town of Ithaca, as well as several smaller settled places within the Town:
The East Hill area of the city: Cornell University campus and Collegetown as seen from garden apartment 25-2-5 on Ithaca College's campus
The East Hill area of the city: Cornell University campus and Collegetown as seen from garden apartment 25-2-5 on Ithaca College's campus

Demographics

As of the census[9] of 2000, there were 29,287 people, 10,287 households, and 2,962 families residing in the city. Lansing is a Village in Tompkins County, New York, United States. Cayuga Heights is a Village in Tompkins County, New York, United States. Forest Home is a hamlet (and Census-designated place) in Tompkins County, New York, United States. South Hill is a hamlet (and Census-designated place) in Tompkins County, New York, United States. A census-designated place ( CDP) is a type of place (a concentration of population identified by the United States Census Bureau for statistical purposes East Ithaca is a Suburban community (and Census-designated place) in Tompkins County, New York, United States. Northeast Ithaca is a Census-designated place (CDP in Tompkins County, New York, United States. Northwest Ithaca is a Census-designated place (CDP in Tompkins County, New York, United States. A census is the procedure of acquiring information about every member of a given population The population density was 5,360. Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 9 people per square mile (2,071. 0/km²). There were 10,736 housing units at an average density of 1,965. 2/sq mi (759. 2/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 73. 97% White, 6. 71% Black or African American, 0. 39% Native American, 13. 65% Asian, 0. 05% Pacific Islander, 1. 86% from other races, and 3. 36% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5. 31% of the population.

There were 10,287 households out of which 14. 2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 19. 0% were married couples living together, 7. NOTICE TO WOULD-BE ROMEOS ************** 8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 71. 2% were non-families. 43. 3% of all households were made up of individuals and 7. 4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2. 13 and the average family size was 2. 81.

In the city the population was spread out with 9. 2% under the age of 18, 53. 8% from 18 to 24, 20. 1% from 25 to 44, 10. 6% from 45 to 64, and 6. 3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 22 years. For every 100 females there were 102. 6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 102. 2 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $21,441, and the median income for a family was $42,304. Males had a median income of $29,562 versus $27,828 for females. The per capita income for the city was $13,408. Per capita income means how much each individual receives in monetary terms of the yearly income generated in the country About 13. 5% of families and 40. 2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 22. The poverty threshold, or poverty line, is the minimum level of Income deemed necessary to achieve an adequate Standard of living in a given country 4% of those under age 18 and 11. 7% of those age 65 or over.

Infrastructure

Transportation

Location of Ithaca within New York State

Ithaca is in the rural Finger Lakes region about 250 miles to the northwest of New York City; the nearest larger cities, Binghamton and Syracuse, are an hour's drive away by car, while Rochester is about two hours away. The Finger Lakes are a chain of lakes in the west-central section of Upstate New York that are a popular tourist destination The City of New York Binghamton, known as The Parlor City is a City located in the Southern Tier of New York in the United States. Syracuse (locally ˈsɛrəkjuːs sometimes ˈsɪrəkjuːs or /ˈsɪərəkjuːs/ by non-natives is a city in Central New York, USA. Rochester is a city in Monroe County, New York State, south of Lake Ontario in the United States.

Ithaca is served by Ithaca Tompkins Regional Airport, located about three miles to the northeast of the city center. Ithaca Tompkins Regional Airport is a county-owned public-use Airport three miles (5 km northeast of the Central business district of Ithaca, the US Airways Express offers flights to New York LaGuardia and Philadelphia using a mixture of small jets and propeller craft. US Airways Express is an airline Brand name, rather than a fully certificated airline and as such the US Airways Express name is used by several individually owned Airlines LaGuardia Airport (ləˈɡwɑɹdiə is an airport located in Queens County on Long Island in the The City of New York. Northwest Airlink provides twice-daily service to Detroit Metro airport. Northwest Airlink is the trade name of Northwest Airlines ' Regional airline service which flies Turboprop and Regional jet aircraft from Northwest's Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County Airport, sometimes called Detroit Metropolitan Airport, Detroit Metro Wayne Airport, Metro Airport, or simply Many residents travel to Syracuse Hancock International Airport, Greater Binghamton Airport, Elmira-Corning Regional Airport or Greater Rochester International Airport for more service options. Syracuse Hancock International Airport is a public airport located 4 miles (6 km northeast of Syracuse, in Onondaga County, New York, off of Greater Binghamton Airport is a medium-sized regional Airport located in Maine New York that serves the Southern Tier of New York Elmira-Corning Regional Airport is a medium-sized regional Airport located in the town of Big Flats, six miles (10 km) northwest of the city Greater Rochester International Airport is a county-owned public-use Airport located three Nautical miles (6 km) southwest of the Central business

Ithaca lies at over a half hour's drive from any interstate highway, and all car trips to Ithaca involve at least some driving on two-lane state rural highways. The Dwight D Eisenhower National System of Interstate and Defense Highways, commonly called the Interstate Highway System (or simply the Interstate System) The city is at the convergence of many regional two-lane state highways: Routes 13, 13A, 34, 79, 89, 96, 96B, and 366. New York State Route 13 is a long State highway that runs mainly north-south between NY 14 in Horseheads and NY 3 west of Pulaski New York State Route 13 is a long State highway that runs mainly north-south between NY 14 in Horseheads and NY 3 west of Pulaski New York State Route 34 is a north-south New York state route located in Central New York. New York State Route 79 is a west-east New York State route that starts in the Finger Lakes region runs through Central New York and ends on the western New York State Route 89 is a 6235 mile (10034 km north-south State highway in Central New York. New York State Route 96 is a long northwest-southeast State highway in New York. New York State Route 96B is a State highway in the western part of New York, USA. New York State Route 366 is a west-east New York State Route located entirely in Tompkins County. These are usually not congested except in Ithaca proper. There is frequent intercity bus service by Greyhound Lines, New York Trailways, and Shortline (Coach USA), particularly to Binghamton and New York City, with limited service to Rochester, Buffalo and Syracuse, and (via connections in Binghamton) to Utica and Albany. Greyhound Lines is an intercity Common carrier of passengers by Bus serving over 3700 destinations in the United States. Binghamton, known as The Parlor City is a City located in the Southern Tier of New York in the United States. The City of New York Rochester is a city in Monroe County, New York State, south of Lake Ontario in the United States. Buffalo (ˈbʌfəloʊ is the second largest city in New York State. Syracuse (locally ˈsɛrəkjuːs sometimes ˈsɪrəkjuːs or /ˈsɪərəkjuːs/ by non-natives is a city in Central New York, USA. Binghamton, known as The Parlor City is a City located in the Southern Tier of New York in the United States. The bus station serving all these companies [10] is the former Delaware, Lackawanna & Western railway station on Meadow St. |}A train station, railway station, railroad station, or station yard is a facility at which Passengers may board and alight from Trains between W State and W Seneca streets, about a kilometer west of downtown Ithaca.

Ithaca is the center of an extensive bus public transportation system — Tompkins Consolidated Area Transit (TCAT) — which carried 3. 1 million passengers in 2005. [11] TCAT was reorganized as a non-profit corporation in 2004 and is primarily supported locally by Cornell University, the City of Ithaca and Tompkins County. TCAT operates 39 routes, many running seven days a week. It has frequent service to downtown, Cornell, Ithaca College, and the Pyramid Mall in the neighboring Town of Lansing, but less frequent service to many residential and rural areas, including Trumansburg and Newfield. Lansing New York can refer to Lansing (town New York Lansing (village New York Trumansburg is a Village in Tompkins County, New York, United States. Newfield is a Town in Tompkins County, New York, United States. Chemung County Transit runs weekday commuter routes into Schuyler and Chemung counties, and Tioga County Public Transit runs weekday routes into neighboring Tioga, primarily to serve Cornell employees who prefer to live in these rural counties, or are forced to because of the high house prices near Ithaca. Schuyler County is a County located in the US state of New York. Chemung County is a County located in the US state of New York. Tioga County is a County located in the US state of New York.

GADABOUT Transportation Services, Inc. provides demand-response paratransit service for seniors over 60 and people with disabilities Ithaca Dispatch, and Finger Lakes Taxi provides local and regional taxi service. Ithaca Airline Limousine connects to the airport.

Regional short haul freight trains reach Ithaca from Sayre, Pennsylvania, mainly to deliver coal to the Milliken Power Station halfway up Cayuga Lake. Sayre is a borough in Bradford County, Pennsylvania, 59 miles (95 km northwest of Scranton. There is no passenger rail service, although from the 1870s through the 1930s there was service to Buffalo via Geneva, New York; to New York City via Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania (Lehigh Valley Railroad) and Scranton, Pennsylvania (DL&W); to Auburn, New York; and to the US northeast via Cortland, New York; service to Buffalo and New York City lasted until 1961. For other places with this name see Geneva. Geneva is a City in Ontario and Seneca counties in the Wilkes-Barre (ˈwɪlksbɛrə or /-bɛri/ is the central city of the Wyoming Valley and County seat of Luzerne County in northeastern Pennsylvania The Lehigh Valley Railroad was one of a number of railroads built in the northeastern United States primarily to haul Anthracite coal. The Delaware Lackawanna and Western Railroad Company ( DL&W or Lackawanna) was a Railroad connecting Pennsylvania 's Lackawanna Valley Auburn ( Áhsku•ˀ in Tuscarora) is a City in Cayuga County, New York, United States of America. The Northeast is a region of the United States. As defined by the U Cortland is a City in Cortland County New York, USA. As of the 2000 census the city had a population of 18740

As a growing urban area, Ithaca is facing steady increases in levels of vehicular traffic on the city grid and on the state highways. Outlying areas have limited bus service, and many people consider a car essential.

However, Ithaca is a walkable and bikeable community for others. One positive trend for the health of downtown Ithaca is the new wave of increasing urban density in and around the Ithaca Commons. Because the downtown area is the region's central business district, dense mixed-use development that includes housing may increase the proportion of people who can walk to work and recreation, and mitigate the likely increased pressure on already busy roads as Ithaca grows. The downtown area is also the area best served by frequent public transportation. Still, traffic congestion around the Commons is likely to progressively increase.

Unlike most urbanized areas in the United States, Ithaca does not have direct access to the Interstate highway system. The Dwight D Eisenhower National System of Interstate and Defense Highways, commonly called the Interstate Highway System (or simply the Interstate System) In 1968, it was proposed to convert Route 13 from Horseheads to Cortland through Ithaca into a limited access highway (it is currently such for three miles heading north from Ithaca), but the plan lost local and State support.

Other recent changes and trends

Cascadilla Creek gorge, just south of the Cornell campus.
Cascadilla Creek gorge, just south of the Cornell campus.

For decades, the Ithaca Gun Company tested their shotguns behind the plant on Lake St. The Ithaca Gun Company is a manufacturer of Shotguns and Rifles originally established in Ithaca New York in 1880. ; the shot fell into Fall Creek (a tributary of Cayuga Lake) right at the base of Ithaca Falls. A major clean-up effort sponsored by the United States Superfund took place from 2002 to 2004. Superfund is the common name for the United States environmental policy officially known as the Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act [12]

The former Morse Chain company factory on South Hill, now owned by Emerson Power Transmission, was the site of extensive groundwater and soil contamination. [13] Emerson Power Transmission has been working with the state and South Hill residents to determine the extent and danger of the contamination and aid in cleanup.

Reputation

Ithaca is commonly listed among the most culturally liberal of American small cities. The Utne Reader named Ithaca "America's most enlightened town" in 1997. Utne Reader is an American bimonthly Magazine. The cover logo was changed to simply Utne in 2003-06 [14] According to ePodunk's Gay Index, Ithaca has a score of 231, versus a national average score of 100. [15]

Like many small college towns, Ithaca has also received accolades for having a high overall quality of life. In 2004, Cities Ranked and Rated named Ithaca the best "emerging city" to live in the United States. In 2006, the Internet realty website "Relocate America" named Ithaca the fourth best city in the country to relocate to. [16] In July 2006, Ithaca was listed as one of the "12 Hippest Hometowns for Vegetarians" by VegNews Magazine and chosen by Mother Earth News as one of the "12 Great Places You've Never Heard Of. For the Early 1900's anarchist magazine see Mother Earth (magazine Mother Earth News is a bi-monthly American Magazine "[17]

These designations have at times polarized some local residents: some note the recognition with pride, some see it as an indication of decadence, and others feel that it is a narrow view of the community. Some, particularly conservatives, note that the positive press often appears in left-leaning publications, or have more general questions about the methodologies used in determining the designations.

In its earliest years during frontier days, what is now Ithaca was briefly known by the names "The Flats" and "Sodom,"[18][3] the name of the Biblical city of sin, due to its reputation as a town of "notorious immorality",[19] because of its reputation as a place of horse racing, gambling, profanity, Sabbath breaking, and readily available liquor. These names did not last long; Simeon DeWitt renamed the town Ithaca in the early 1800s, though nearby Robert H. Treman State Park still contains Lucifer Falls. Simeon De Witt (1756 Wawarsing, Ulster County New York - December 3, 1834 Ithaca New York, Tompkins County New York) Robert H Treman State Park is a State park located in Tompkins County New York in the United States.

That early reputation for immorality, together with its more recent reputation as having a left-leaning population, has once again made Ithaca mildly infamous in some circles as the "City of Evil," due to a satirical campaign by members of a politically conservative online discussion board. Some Ithacans have embraced the label. [20] This idea is further buoyed by Cornell University's early nickname, "the godless university" which came about due to their lack of affiliation with any organized religion. [21]

Points of interest

The falls of Buttermilk Falls State Park
The falls of Buttermilk Falls State Park

For additional information about recreational trails see: Trails in Ithaca, New York. The Cornell Plantations (80 ha / 200 acres are Botanical gardens, including the F Cornell Department of Food Sciences Dairy Operations or Cornell Dairy is about a 25 minute drive from Cornell University 's Ithaca New York campus Llenroc is the house constructed for Ezra Cornell just below the campus of Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, United States FR Newman Arboretum (150 acres is an Arboretum within the Cornell Plantations, which are Botanical gardens located adjacent to the Cornell University The Cornell Lab of Ornithology is an institute whose mission is “To interpret and conserve the earth’s biological diversity through research education and citizen science focused Ithaca College is a private institution of higher education located on the South Hill of Ithaca New York. The Ithaca Commons is a two-block Pedestrian mall in downtown Ithaca, New York, built in 1974. Moosewood Restaurant is a Restaurant that was founded in 1973 in downtown Ithaca, New York, a university town in New York State which is the location Stewart Park is in Ithaca New York. Ithaca is located on the southern tip of Cayuga Lake, the largest Finger Lake, and Stewart sits directly on that tip Buttermilk Falls State Park is located southwest of Ithaca New York, USA. Robert H Treman State Park is a State park located in Tompkins County New York in the United States. The Finger Lakes Trail System consists of a network of trails in New York. This is a list of trails in Ithaca New York. Multiuse and commuter trails Many of the major trails in Ithaca and the surrounding areas lie in abandoned railway

Books set (at least partially) in Ithaca

Movies set or filmed (at least partially) in Ithaca

See also The Whartons Studio for films shot in Ithaca prior to 1920. The Whartons, Incorporated was an early Silent film Production company operating in the small town of Ithaca New York from 1914 to 1919

Notable residents and natives

This list is abridged from

Main article: List of people from Ithaca, New York

See also

References

  1. ^ History of Ithaca and Tompkins County. City of Ithaca. Retrieved on 2008-05-25. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1085 - Alfonso VI of Castile takes Toledo Spain back from the Moors.
  2. ^ 2007-08 facts (PDF). Cornell University. Retrieved on 2007-08-16. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1384 - The Hongwu Emperor of Ming China, Emperor Dong hears a case of a couple who tore paper money bills while fighting
  3. ^ a b Carol Kammen. History of Ithaca and Tompkins County. City of Ithaca. Retrieved on 2007-08-16. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1384 - The Hongwu Emperor of Ming China, Emperor Dong hears a case of a couple who tore paper money bills while fighting
  4. ^ "Welcome to Namgyal! Namgyal Monastery in Ithaca, New York, is the North American Seat of His Holiness the 14th Dalai Lama. Open to all, Namgyal offers authentic teachings of Tibetan Buddhism in a traditional monastic setting.". Namgyal Monastery (2007). Retrieved on 2007-08-16. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1384 - The Hongwu Emperor of Ming China, Emperor Dong hears a case of a couple who tore paper money bills while fighting
  5. ^ http://www.theithacajournal.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070626/NEWS01/706260304/1002 The Ithaca Journal "New intel in the sundae wars: IHS grads scoop up ice cream facts" June 26, 2007, accessed June 26, 2007
  6. ^ The Official Website of the Ice Cream Sundae
  7. ^ Two Rivers - The REAL Birthplace of the Ice Cream Sundae. Two Rivers Economic Development. Retrieved on 2007-06-26. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 363 - Roman Emperor Julian is killed during the retreat from the Sassanid Empire.
  8. ^ Ithaca Times - A Greater Ithaca?
  9. ^ American FactFinder. United States Census Bureau. The United States Census Bureau (officially Bureau of the Census as defined in Title) is the government agency that is responsible for the United States Census Retrieved on 2008-01-31. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1504 - France cedes Naples to Aragon. 1606 - Gunpowder Plot: Guy Fawkes
  10. ^ Ithaca Greyhound Station
  11. ^ "3 Million Bus Passengers and Counting as TCAT Sets Record in 2005", Tompkins Consolidated Area Transit (TCAT), December 19, 2005. Last Accessed on March 24, 2006.
  12. ^ "EPA Finishes $4.8 Million Cleanup at Ithaca Gun", United States Environmental Protection Agency, October 29, 2004. Last Accessed on March 25, 2006.
  13. ^ "Public Meeting - Emerson Power Transmission Environmental Investigation", New York State Department of Environmental Conservation. June 22, 2005.
  14. ^ Jay Walljasper, Jon Spayde, Ithaca, New York: A Gritty upstate City Where the Grassroots are Green, "America's 10 Most Enlightened Towns (and we don't mean Santa Fe)", May/June 1997 Issue, UTNE Reader
  15. ^ "Ithaca Community Profile" Gays & Lesbians local index
  16. ^ Relocate-America. com, "Relocate-America. com's 2006 list of America's TOP 100 Places to Live. " Available online [1]. Last accessed 4 April 2006.
  17. ^ Katherine Graham "Ithaca gets high marks from two earthy publications", July 28, 2006, The Ithaca Journal
  18. ^ Dr. James Sullivan, "The History of New York State", Book VII: "The Finger Lakes Region", Chapter VII: Tompkins County. Lewis Historical Publishing Company, Inc. (1927) Last Accessed on March 25, 2006.
  19. ^ See, e. g. , 1811 article in local paper, at [2] or Town of Ithaca History project, available [3] (click on "History Project", then "Historical maps. . . " and finally "famous for its notorious immorality").
  20. ^ "Evil City Trio," and the label is sometimes referenced in the local press, including the Ithaca Journal [4] and Cornell Daily Sun [5]. Last Accessed 2 April 2006.
  21. ^ The Godless University by Kramnick, Isaac; Moore, R. Lawrence ERIC Department of Education accessed 01. The United States Department of Education (also referred to as ED, for Education Department is a Cabinet -level department of the United States 10. 2008

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