Natural tantalum (Ta) consists of two isotopes: 180mTa (0. Tantalum (ˈtæntələm (formerly tantalium /tænˈtæliəm/ is a Chemical element with the symbol Ta and Atomic number 73 Isotopes (Greek isos = "equal" tópos = "site place" are any of the different types of atoms ( Nuclides 012%) and 181Ta (99. 988%). 181Ta is a stable isotope. Stable isotopes are chemical isotopes that are not Radioactive (to current knowledge 180mTa (m denotes a metastable state) is predicted to decay in three ways: isomeric transition to the ground state of 180Ta, beta decay to 180W, electron capture to 180Hf. Isomeric transition is a Radioactive decay process that occurs in an Atom where the nucleus is in an excited Meta state (e In Quantum mechanics, a stationary state is an Eigenstate of a Hamiltonian, or in other words a state of definite energy In Nuclear physics, beta decay is a type of Radioactive decay in which a Beta particle (an Electron or a Positron) is emitted Tungsten (ˈtʌŋstən also known as wolfram (/ˈwʊlfrəm/ is a Chemical element that has the symbol W and Atomic number 74 Hafnium (ˈhæfniəm is a Chemical element that has the symbol Hf and Atomic number 72 However, any radioactivity of this nuclear isomer was never observed. A nuclear isomer is a Metastable state of an Atomic nucleus caused by the excitation of one or more of its Nucleons A nuclear isomer occupies Only a lower limit on its half life of over 1015 years has been set. Half-Life (computer-game page here It's already listed in the disambiguation page This list compares various sizes of positive Numbers including counts of things Dimensionless quantity and probabilities. The ground state of 180Ta has a half life of only 8 hours.
180mTa is the only naturally occurring nuclear isomer (excluding radiogenic and cosmogenic short-living nuclides). A nuclear isomer is a Metastable state of an Atomic nucleus caused by the excitation of one or more of its Nucleons A nuclear isomer occupies It is also the rarest primordial isotope in the Universe of any element that has stable isotopes.
Tantalum has been proposed as a "salting" material for nuclear weapons (cobalt is another, better-known salting material). A cobalt bomb, a type of salted bomb is a Nuclear weapon originally proposed by physicist Leó Szilárd, who suggested that it would be capable of destroying A nuclear weapon is an explosive device that derives its destructive force from Nuclear reactions either fission or a combination of fission and fusion. Cobalt (ˈkoʊbɒlt is a hard lustrous silver-grey Metal, a Chemical element with symbol Co. A jacket of 181Ta, irradiated by the intense high-energy neutron flux from an exploding thermonuclear weapon, would transmute into the radioactive isotope 182Ta with a half-life of 114. Half-Life (computer-game page here It's already listed in the disambiguation page 43 days and produce approximately 1. 12 MeV of gamma radiation, significantly increasing the radioactivity of the weapon's fallout for several months. Gamma rays (denoted as &gamma) are a form of Electromagnetic radiation or light emission of frequencies produced by sub-atomic particle interactions Fallout is the residual radiation hazard from a Nuclear explosion, so named because it "falls out" of the atmosphere into which it is spread during the explosion Such a weapon is not known to have ever been built, tested, or used.
Standard atomic mass: 180. 94788(2) u
Table
| nuclide symbol |
Z(p) | N(n) | isotopic mass (u) |
half-life | nuclear spin |
representative isotopic composition (mole fraction) |
range of natural variation (mole fraction) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| excitation energy | |||||||
| 155Ta | 73 | 82 | 154. The unified atomic mass unit ( u) or Dalton ( Da) or sometimes universal mass unit, is an unit of Mass used to express The proton ( Greek πρῶτον / proton "first" is a Subatomic particle with an Electric charge of one positive This article is a discussion of neutrons in general For the specific case of a neutron found outside the nucleus see Free neutron. 97459(54)# | 13(4) µs [12(+4-3) µs] | (11/2-) | ||
| 156Ta | 73 | 83 | 155. 97230(43)# | 144(24) ms | (2-) | ||
| 156mTa | 102(7) keV | 0. 36(4) s | 9+ | ||||
| 157Ta | 73 | 84 | 156. 96819(22) | 10. 1(4) ms | 1/2+ | ||
| 157m1Ta | 22(5) keV | 4. 3(1) ms | 11/2- | ||||
| 157m2Ta | 1593(9) keV | 1. 7(1) ms | (25/2-) | ||||
| 158Ta | 73 | 85 | 157. 96670(22)# | 49(8) ms | (2-) | ||
| 158mTa | 141(9) keV | 36. 0(8) ms | (9+) | ||||
| 159Ta | 73 | 86 | 158. 963018(22) | 1. 04(9) s | (1/2+) | ||
| 159mTa | 64(5) keV | 514(9) ms | (11/2-) | ||||
| 160Ta | 73 | 87 | 159. 96149(10) | 1. 70(20) s | (2#)- | ||
| 160mTa | 310(90)# keV | 1. 55(4) s | (9)+ | ||||
| 161Ta | 73 | 88 | 160. 95842(6)# | 3# s | 1/2+# | ||
| 161mTa | 50(50)# keV | 2. 89(12) s | 11/2-# | ||||
| 162Ta | 73 | 89 | 161. 95729(6) | 3. 57(12) s | 3+# | ||
| 163Ta | 73 | 90 | 162. 95433(4) | 10. 6(18) s | 1/2+# | ||
| 164Ta | 73 | 91 | 163. 95353(3) | 14. 2(3) s | (3+) | ||
| 165Ta | 73 | 92 | 164. 950773(19) | 31. 0(15) s | 5/2-# | ||
| 165mTa | 60(30) keV | 9/2-# | |||||
| 166Ta | 73 | 93 | 165. 95051(3) | 34. 4(5) s | (2)+ | ||
| 167Ta | 73 | 94 | 166. 94809(3) | 1. 33(7) min | (3/2+) | ||
| 168Ta | 73 | 95 | 167. 94805(3) | 2. 0(1) min | (2-,3+) | ||
| 169Ta | 73 | 96 | 168. 94601(3) | 4. 9(4) min | (5/2+) | ||
| 170Ta | 73 | 97 | 169. 94618(3) | 6. 76(6) min | (3)(+#) | ||
| 171Ta | 73 | 98 | 170. 94448(3) | 23. 3(3) min | (5/2-) | ||
| 172Ta | 73 | 99 | 171. 94490(3) | 36. 8(3) min | (3+) | ||
| 173Ta | 73 | 100 | 172. 94375(3) | 3. 14(13) h | 5/2- | ||
| 174Ta | 73 | 101 | 173. 94445(3) | 1. 14(8) h | 3+ | ||
| 175Ta | 73 | 102 | 174. 94374(3) | 10. 5(2) h | 7/2+ | ||
| 176Ta | 73 | 103 | 175. 94486(3) | 8. 09(5) h | (1)- | ||
| 176m1Ta | 103. 0(10) keV | 1. 1(1) ms | (+) | ||||
| 176m2Ta | 1372. 6(11)+X keV | 3. 8(4) µs | (14-) | ||||
| 176m3Ta | 2820(50) keV | 0. 97(7) ms | (20-) | ||||
| 177Ta | 73 | 104 | 176. 944472(4) | 56. 56(6) h | 7/2+ | ||
| 177m1Ta | 73. 36(15) keV | 410(7) ns | 9/2- | ||||
| 177m2Ta | 186. 15(6) keV | 3. 62(10) µs | 5/2- | ||||
| 177m3Ta | 1355. 01(19) keV | 5. 31(25) µs | 21/2- | ||||
| 177m4Ta | 4656. 3(5) keV | 133(4) µs | 49/2- | ||||
| 178Ta | 73 | 105 | 177. 945778(16) | 9. 31(3) min | 1+ | ||
| 178m1Ta | 100(50)# keV | 2. 36(8) h | (7)- | ||||
| 178m2Ta | 1570(50)# keV | 59(3) ms | (15-) | ||||
| 178m3Ta | 3000(50)# keV | 290(12) ms | (21-) | ||||
| 179Ta | 73 | 106 | 178. 9459295(23) | 1. 82(3) a | 7/2+ | ||
| 179m1Ta | 30. 7(1) keV | 1. 42(8) µs | (9/2)- | ||||
| 179m2Ta | 520. 23(18) keV | 335(45) ns | (1/2)+ | ||||
| 179m3Ta | 1252. 61(23) keV | 322(16) ns | (21/2-) | ||||
| 179m4Ta | 1317. 3(4) keV | 9. 0(2) ms | (25/2+) | ||||
| 179m5Ta | 1327. 9(4) keV | 1. 6(4) µs | (23/2-) | ||||
| 179m6Ta | 2639. 3(5) keV | 54. 1(17) ms | (37/2+) | ||||
| 180Ta | 73 | 107 | 179. 9474648(24) | 8. 152(6) h | 1+ | ||
| 180m1Ta | 77. 1(8) keV | >1. 2E+15 a | 9- | 0. 00012(2) | |||
| 180m2Ta | 1452. 40(18) keV | 31. 2(14) µs | 15- | ||||
| 180m3Ta | 3679. 0(11) keV | 2. 0(5) µs | (22-) | ||||
| 180m4Ta | 4171. 0+X keV | 17(5) µs | (23,24,25) | ||||
| 181Ta | 73 | 108 | 180. 9479958(19) | STABLE | 7/2+ | 0. 99988(2) | |
| 181m1Ta | 6. 238(20) keV | 6. 05(12) µs | 9/2- | ||||
| 181m2Ta | 615. 21(3) keV | 18(1) µs | 1/2+ | ||||
| 181m3Ta | 1485(3) keV | 25(2) µs | 21/2- | ||||
| 181m4Ta | 2230(3) keV | 210(20) µs | 29/2- | ||||
| 182Ta | 73 | 109 | 181. 9501518(19) | 114. 43(3) d | 3- | ||
| 182m1Ta | 16. 263(3) keV | 283(3) ms | 5+ | ||||
| 182m2Ta | 519. 572(18) keV | 15. 84(10) min | 10- | ||||
| 183Ta | 73 | 110 | 182. 9513726(19) | 5. 1(1) d | 7/2+ | ||
| 183mTa | 73. 174(12) keV | 107(11) ns | 9/2- | ||||
| 184Ta | 73 | 111 | 183. 954008(28) | 8. 7(1) h | (5-) | ||
| 185Ta | 73 | 112 | 184. 955559(15) | 49. 4(15) min | (7/2+)# | ||
| 185mTa | 1308(29) keV | >1 ms | (21/2-) | ||||
| 186Ta | 73 | 113 | 185. 95855(6) | 10. 5(3) min | (2-,3-) | ||
| 186mTa | 1. 54(5) min | ||||||
| 187Ta | 73 | 114 | 186. 96053(21)# | 2# min [>300 ns] | 7/2+# | ||
| 188Ta | 73 | 115 | 187. 96370(21)# | 20# s [>300 ns] | |||
| 189Ta | 73 | 116 | 188. 96583(32)# | 3# s [>300 ns] | 7/2+# | ||
| 190Ta | 73 | 117 | 189. 96923(43)# | 0. 3# s | |||
Notes
- Values marked # are not purely derived from experimental data, but at least partly from systematic trends. Spins with weak assignment arguments are enclosed in parentheses.
- Uncertainties are given in concise form in parentheses after the corresponding last digits. Uncertainty values denote one standard deviation, except isotopic composition and standard atomic mass from IUPAC which use expanded uncertainties.
References
- Isotope masses from Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation by G. Audi, A. H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon in Nuclear Physics A729 (2003).
- Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure Appl. Chem. Vol. 75, No. 6, pp. 683-800, (2003) and Atomic Weights Revised (2005).
- Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources. Editing notes on this article's talk page.
- Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties, Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).
- National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database (retrieved Sept. 2005).
- David R. Lide (ed. ), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.
| Isotopes of hafnium | Isotopes of tantalum | Isotopes of tungsten |
| Index to isotope pages · Table of nuclides | ||
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