Aluminium (Al) has multiple isotopes. WikipediaNaming Isotopes (Greek isos = "equal" tópos = "site place" are any of the different types of atoms ( Nuclides Only 27Al (stable isotope) and 26Al (radioactive isotope, t1/2 = 7. Stable isotopes are chemical isotopes that are not Radioactive (to current knowledge Radioactive decay is the process in which an unstable Atomic nucleus loses energy by emitting ionizing particles and Radiation. Half-Life (computer-game page here It's already listed in the disambiguation page 2 × 105 y) occur naturally, however 27Al has a natural abundance of 99. A year (from Old English gēr) is the time between two recurrences of an event related to the Orbit of the Earth around the Sun 9+ %. Standard atomic mass is 26. 9815386(8) u. The unified atomic mass unit ( u) or Dalton ( Da) or sometimes universal mass unit, is an unit of Mass used to express 26Al is produced from argon in the atmosphere by spallation caused by cosmic-ray protons. This article pertains to the chemical element For other uses see Argon (disambiguation. Temperature and layers The temperature of the Earth's atmosphere varies with altitude the mathematical relationship between temperature and altitude varies among five In general spallation is a process in which fragments of material ( Spall) are ejected from a body due to impact or stress For the 1962 Bruce Conner film see Cosmic Ray (film Cosmic rays are energetic particles originating from space that impinge on The proton ( Greek πρῶτον / proton "first" is a Subatomic particle with an Electric charge of one positive Aluminium isotopes have found practical application in dating marine sediments, manganese nodules, glacial ice, quartz in rock exposures, and meteorites. An ocean (from Greek, ''Okeanos'' (Oceanus) is a major body of saline water, and a principal component of the Hydrosphere. Manganese (ˈmæŋgəniːz is a Chemical element, designated by the symbol Mn. Quartz (from German) is the most abundant Mineral in the Earth 's Continental crust (although Feldspar is more common in In Geology, rock is a naturally occurring aggregate of Minerals and/or Mineraloids The Earth's outer solid layer the ‘ Lithosphere A meteorite is a natural object originating in Outer space that survives an impact with the Earth 's surface The ratio of 26Al to 10Be has been used to study the role of transport, deposition, sediment storage, burial times, and erosion on 105 to 106 year time scales. Beryllium (bəˈrɪliəm is a Chemical element with the symbol Be and Atomic number 4 Sediment is any particulate matter that can be transported by fluid flow and which eventually is deposited as a layer of solid particles on the bed or bottom of a body of
Cosmogenic 26Al was first applied in studies of the Moon and meteorites. Environmental Radioactivity is the study of radioactive materials in the Human environment. Meteorite fragments, after departure from their parent bodies, are exposed to intense cosmic-ray bombardment during their travel through space, causing substantial 26Al production. After falling to Earth, atmospheric shielding protects the meteorite fragments from further 26Al production, and its decay can then be used to determine the meteorite's terrestrial age. Meteorite research has also shown that 26Al was relatively abundant at the time of formation of our planetary system. Most meteoriticists believe that the energy released by the decay of 26Al was responsible for the melting and differentiation of some asteroids after their formation 4. In Planetary science, planetary differentiation is the process of separating out different constituents of a planetary body as a consequence of their physical or chemical Asteroids, sometimes called Minor planets or planetoids', are bodies—primarily of the inner Solar System —that are smaller than planets but 55 billion years ago. [1]
Contents |
Table
| nuclide symbol |
Z(p) | N(n) | isotopic mass (u) |
half-life | nuclear spin |
representative isotopic composition (mole fraction) |
range of natural variation (mole fraction) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| excitation energy | |||||||
| 21Al | 13 | 8 | 21. The proton ( Greek πρῶτον / proton "first" is a Subatomic particle with an Electric charge of one positive This article is a discussion of neutrons in general For the specific case of a neutron found outside the nucleus see Free neutron. 02804(32)# | <35 ns | 1/2+# | ||
| 22Al | 13 | 9 | 22. 01952(10)# | 59(3) ms | (3)+ | ||
| 23Al | 13 | 10 | 23. 007267(20) | 470(30) ms | 5/2+# | ||
| 23mAl | ~0. 35 s | #79 | |||||
| 24Al | 13 | 11 | 23. 9999389(30) | 2. 053(4) s | 4+ | ||
| 24mAl | 425. 8(1) keV | 131. 3(25) ms | 1+ | ||||
| 25Al | 13 | 12 | 24. 9904281(5) | 7. 183(12) s | 5/2+ | ||
| 26Al | 13 | 13 | 25. 98689169(6) | 7. 17(24)E+5 a | 5+ | ||
| 26mAl | 228. 305(13) keV | 6. 3452(19) s | 0+ | ||||
| 27Al | 13 | 14 | 26. 98153863(12) | STABLE | 5/2+ | 1. 0000 | |
| 28Al | 13 | 15 | 27. 98191031(14) | 2. 2414(12) min | 3+ | ||
| 29Al | 13 | 16 | 28. 9804450(13) | 6. 56(6) min | 5/2+ | ||
| 30Al | 13 | 17 | 29. 982960(15) | 3. 60(6) s | 3+ | ||
| 31Al | 13 | 18 | 30. 983947(22) | 644(25) ms | (3/2,5/2)+ | ||
| 32Al | 13 | 19 | 31. 98812(9) | 31. 7(8) ms | 1+ | ||
| 32mAl | 955. 7(4) keV | 200(20) ns | (4+) | ||||
| 33Al | 13 | 20 | 32. 99084(8) | 41. 7(2) ms | (5/2+)# | ||
| 34Al | 13 | 21 | 33. 99685(12) | 56. 3(5) ms | 4-# | ||
| 35Al | 13 | 22 | 34. 99986(19) | 38. 6(4) ms | 5/2+# | ||
| 36Al | 13 | 23 | 36. 00621(23) | 90(40) ms | |||
| 37Al | 13 | 24 | 37. 01068(36) | 10. 7(13) ms | |||
| 38Al | 13 | 25 | 38. 01723(78) | 7. 6(6) ms | |||
| 39Al | 13 | 26 | 39. 02297(158) | 7. 6(16) ms | 3/2+# | ||
| 40Al | 13 | 27 | 40. 03145(75)# | 10# ms [>260 ns] | |||
| 41Al | 13 | 28 | 41. 03833(86)# | 2# ms [>260 ns] | 3/2+# | ||
| 42Al | 13 | 29 | 42. 04689(97)# | 1# ms | |||
Notes
- Values marked # are not purely derived from experimental data, but at least partly from systematic trends. Spins with weak assignment arguments are enclosed in parentheses.
- Uncertainties are given in concise form in parentheses after the corresponding last digits. Uncertainty values denote one standard deviation, except isotopic composition and standard atomic mass from IUPAC which use expanded uncertainties.
References
- Isotope masses from Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation by G. Audi, A. H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon in Nuclear Physics A729 (2003).
- Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure Appl. Chem. Vol. 75, No. 6, pp. 683-800, (2003) and Atomic Weights Revised (2005).
- Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties, Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).
- National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database (retrieved Sept. 2005).
- David R. Lide (ed. ), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.
- ^ Robert T. Dodd, Thunderstones and Shooting Stars, pp. 89-90. ISBN 0-674-89137-6.
External links
| Isotopes of magnesium | Isotopes of aluminium | Isotopes of silicon |
| Index to isotope pages · Table of nuclides | ||
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