Ellan Vannin Isle of Man
Flag Coat of arms
Motto: Quocunque Jeceris Stabit  (Latin) Whithersoever you throw it, it will stand
Anthem: "O Land of Our Birth" "Arrane Ashoonagh dy Vannin" (Manx) Royal anthem: "God Save the Queen"
Location of  Isle of Man  (red)
Capital (and largest city)		Douglas (Doolish) 54°09′N, 4°29′W
Official languages		Manx, English
Demonym		Manx
Government		Crown dependency (UK) Parliamentary democracy (Constitutional monarchy)
-	Lord of Mann	Elizabeth II
-	Lieutenant Governor	Sir Paul Haddacks
-	First Deemster	Michael Kerruish
-	President of Tynwald	Noel Cringle
-	Chief Minister	Tony Brown
Status		Crown dependency
-	Revested in British crown	1765
Area
-	Total	572 km² (191st) 221 sq mi
-	Water (%)	0
Population
-	estimate	80,058 (194st)
-	Density	131. The flag of the Isle of Man shows a Triskelion, the Three Legs of Mann emblem in the centre of a red flag The Coat of arms of the Isle of Man dates from 12 July 1996. As the Isle of Man is a Crown dependency, the arms are more accurately described A motto (from the Italian word motto, meaning witticism sentence is a phrase meant to formally describe the general motivation or intention of a social group Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. A national anthem is a generally patriotic musical composition that evokes and eulogizes the history traditions and struggles of its people recognized either by a nation's The National Anthem (Arrane Ashoonagh of the Isle of Man known in Manx as gv ''Arrane Ashoonagh dy Vannin'' was written and composed by William Henry Gill (1839-1923 with Manx ( Gaelg or Gailck, ɡilk or) also known as Manx Gaelic, is a Goidelic language once spoken on the Isle A royal anthem is a patriotic song much like a National anthem but specifically praising or praying for a Monarch or royal dynasty "God Save the Queen", or "God Save the King", is an anthem used in a number of Commonwealth realms It is the National This article describes the Demographics of the Isle of Man ---- Population: 75049 (July 2005 est Douglas (Doolish is the capital of the Isle of Man and its largest town An official language is a Language that is given a special legal status in a particular Country, State, or other territory Manx ( Gaelg or Gailck, ɡilk or) also known as Manx Gaelic, is a Goidelic language once spoken on the Isle English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States A demonym or gentilic is a word that denotes the members of a People or the inhabitants of a place The Manx are an ethnic group coming from the Isle of Man in the Irish Sea in northern Europe. For the government of parliamentary systems see Executive (government. The Crown Dependencies are possessions of The Crown in Right of the United Kingdom, as opposed to overseas territories or colonies of the United The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located A parliamentary system, also known as parliamentarianism (and parliamentarism in American English) is a System of government in which A constitutional monarchy, or a limited monarchy, is a form of Constitutional Government, wherein either an elected or hereditary Monarch is The title Lord of Mann (Chiarn Vanninagh is used on the Isle of Man to refer to Queen Elizabeth II, who is the Island's Lord Proprietor and Head For the ship see RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Context States headed by Elizabeth II The Lieutenant Governor (Fo-chiannoort is the representative on the Isle of Man of the Lord of Mann, currently Queen Elizabeth II Vice Admiral Sir Paul Kenneth Haddacks KCB (born October 27 1946) is the current Lieutenant Governor of the Isle of A deemster (briw is a Judge in the Isle of Man. The Isle of Man High Court is presided over by a deemster or the Judge of Appeal. John Michael Kerruish QC is the First Deemster and Clerk of the Rolls in the Isle of Man. The President of Tynwald is the presiding officer at the sittings of Tynwald in Douglas and is elected by the members of Tynwald from amongst their number The Honorable Noel Quayle Cringle OBE MLC (born 16 December 1937) is the current President of Tynwald in the Isle of Man The Chief Minister (Ard-choylargh is the Executive Member of the Isle of Man 's parliament Tynwald. Manxman James Anthony "Tony" Brown is the current Chief Minister of the Isle of Man and Member of the House of Keys for Castletown The Crown Dependencies are possessions of The Crown in Right of the United Kingdom, as opposed to overseas territories or colonies of the United Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. To help compare different Orders of magnitude and geographical regions we list here areas between 100 km² and 1000 km² This is a list of the countries of the world sorted by total area. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. Water is a common Chemical substance that is essential for the survival of all known forms of Life. In Mathematics, a percentage is a way of expressing a number as a Fraction of 100 ( per cent meaning "per hundred" In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology List of countries by population in 2005|List of countries by population in 1907This is a list of countries ordered according to Population. Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 2/km² (75th) 339. List of countries and dependencies by Population density in inhabitants/km² 6/sq mi
GDP (PPP)		2003 estimate
-	Total	$2. The purchasing power parity ( PPP) theory uses the long-term equilibrium Exchange rate of two currencies to equalize their Purchasing power. 113 billion (182nd)
-	Per capita	$35,000 (11/12th)
HDI (n/a)		n/a (unranked) (n/a)
Currency		Pound sterling1 (GBP)
Time zone		GMT (UTC+0)
-	Summer (DST)	(UTC+1)
Internet TLD		.im
Calling code		+44  (UK area code 01624)
1	The Isle of Man Treasury issues its own sterling notes and coins (see Manx pound). There are three lists of Countries of the world sorted by their Gross domestic product (GDP (the value of all final goods and services produced within a nation Per capita is a Latin phrase meaning for each head with Per meaning 'through' or 'by' This article includes three lists of Countries of the world sorted by their Gross domestic product (GDP at Purchasing power parity (PPP Per capita The Human Development Index ( HDI) is an index combining normalized measures of Life expectancy, Literacy, Educational attainment, and GDP This is a list of countries by Human Development Index as included in the United Nations Development Program 's Human Development Report 2007 A currency is a unit of exchange, facilitating the transfer of Goods and/or services It is one form of Money, where money is The Pound Sterling ( symbol £; ISO code: GBP) subdivided into 100 pence (singular penny) is the Currency ISO 4217 is the International standard describing three-letter codes (also known as the currency code) to define the names of currencies established Greenwich Mean Time ( GMT) is a term originally referring to mean solar time at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London Daylight saving time ( DST A country This is a list of country calling codes defined by ITU-T recommendation E The Pound Sterling ( symbol £; ISO code: GBP) subdivided into 100 pence (singular penny) is the Currency The Manx pound or Isle of Man pound is a local issue of the Pound sterling, issued by the Isle of Man

For an outline of topics on the Isle of Man, see List of basic Isle of Man topics

The Isle of Man (Manx: Ellan Vannin, pronounced [ˈɛlʲən ˈvanɪn]) or Mannin (Manx: Mannin, [ˈmanɪn]) is a self-governing Crown dependency, located in the Irish Sea at the geographical centre of the British Isles. Manx ( Gaelg or Gailck, ɡilk or) also known as Manx Gaelic, is a Goidelic language once spoken on the Isle Manx ( Gaelg or Gailck, ɡilk or) also known as Manx Gaelic, is a Goidelic language once spoken on the Isle The Crown Dependencies are possessions of The Crown in Right of the United Kingdom, as opposed to overseas territories or colonies of the United The Irish Sea ( Irish: Muir Éireann or Muir Meann; Scottish Gaelic: Muir Eireann Welsh: Môr Iwerddon, The British Isles (Irish variously Na hOileáin Bhriotanacha, Oileáin Iarthair Eorpa, Éire agus an Bhreatain Mhór; Ellanyn Goaldagh Eileanan The head of state is Queen Elizabeth II, who holds the title of Lord of Mann. Head of state is the generic term for the individual or collective office that serves as the chief public representative of a Monarchic or Republican Nation-state For the ship see RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Context States headed by Elizabeth II The title Lord of Mann (Chiarn Vanninagh is used on the Isle of Man to refer to Queen Elizabeth II, who is the Island's Lord Proprietor and Head The Crown is represented by a Lieutenant Governor. The Lieutenant Governor (Fo-chiannoort is the representative on the Isle of Man of the Lord of Mann, currently Queen Elizabeth II The island is not part of the United Kingdom, but foreign relations, defence, and ultimate good-governance of the Isle of Man are the responsibility of the government of the United Kingdom. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located The terms Governance and good governance are increasingly being used in development literature

The island was a Celtic community which came under the rule of the Norse in 1079. This has left a legacy from the Tynwald government to many place names. Tynwald (Tinvaal or more formally the High Court of Tynwald (Ard-whaiyl Tinvaal is the Bicameral Legislature of the Isle of Man. After a period of alternating rule by the Kings of England and Scotland, the Manx came under the feudal over-lordship of the English Crown. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. The Kings of Wessex, who conquered Kent and Sussex from Mercia in 825 became increasingly dominant over the other kingdoms of England during The lordship revested to the British Crown in 1764 but the island never became part of the United Kingdom. This accounts for its current position as a Crown dependency.

The Isle of Man is not a part of the European Union, but because of Protocol 3 of the Treaty of Accession in 1972, there does exist the free movement of goods between the two entities. The European Union ( EU) is a political and economic union of twenty-seven member states, located primarily in ^[1]

Contents 1 History 1.1 Ancient times to present 1.2 Windmills 1.3 Tynwald 2 Geography 2.1 Population 3 Government 3.1 Structure 3.2 External relations 3.2.1 Citizenship 3.2.2 European Union 3.2.3 Commonwealth of Nations 3.3 Politics 3.4 Local government 4 Economy 4.1 Communications 4.2 Transport 5 Culture 5.1 Etymology of name 5.2 Language 5.3 Symbols 5.4 Myth, legend and folklore 5.5 Cuisine 5.6 Sport 5.6.1 Motorcycle racing 5.6.2 Cammag 6 Famous residents 6.1 Born or raised on the island 6.2 Moved to the island 7 See also 8 Notes 9 References 10 External links

History

Main article: History of the Isle of Man

Ancient times to present

The earliest traces of people on the Isle of Man can be found as far back as the Mesolithic Period, also known as the Middle Stone Age. The Isle of Man has been the scene of human occupation since the end of the Last glacial period over 10000 years ago The Mesolithic or Middle Stone Age was a period in the development of human technology in between the Paleolithic or Old Stone Age and the Neolithic or New Stone Age The first residents lived in small natural shelters, hunting, fishing and gathering for their food. A Hut is a small and crude shelter usually used for Dwelling. They used small tools made of flint or bone, which have been found near the coast. Representatives of these artifacts are kept at the Manx Museum.

The Neolithic Period marked the coming of knowledge of farming, better stone tools and pottery. The Neolithic (from Greek νεολιθικός — neolithikos from νέος neos, "new" + λίθος lithos It was during this period that Megalithic Monuments began to appear around the island. Examples from this period can be found at Cashtal yn Ard near Maughold, King Orry's Grave in Laxey, Meayll Circle near Cregneash, and Ballaharra Stones in St Johns. The Megaliths were not the only culture during this time, there were also the local Ronaldsway and Bann cultures.

During the Bronze Age, the large communal tombs of the Megaliths were replaced with smaller burial mounds. The term Bronze Age refers to a period in human cultural development when the most advanced Metalworking (at least in systematic and widespread use included techniques for Bodies were put in stone lined graves along with ornamental containers. The Bronze Age burial mounds created long lasting markers about the countryside.

The Iron Age marked the beginning of Celtic cultural influence. This article is about the archaeological period known as the Iron Age for the mythological Iron Age see Ages of Man. Celts (ˈkɛlts or /ˈsɛlts/, see Names of the Celts Large hill forts appeared on hill summits, and smaller promontory forts along the coastal cliffs, whilst large timber-framed roundhouses were built. It is likely that the first Celtic tribes to inhabit the Island were of the Brythonic variety. This is a list of Celtic tribes and associated Celtic peoples with their geographical localization The Brythonic languages (or Brittonic languages or British languages) form one of the two branches of the Insular Celtic language family the other being Around AD 700 it is assumed that Irish invasion or immigration formed the basis of the early Manx population. This is evident in the change in language used in Ogham inscriptions. Ogham (ogam ˈɔɣam Modern Irish or, English) is an Early Medieval Alphabet used primarily to represent the Old Irish language (and Manx Gaelic remains closely related to Irish and Scots Gaelic. Manx ( Gaelg or Gailck, ɡilk or) also known as Manx Gaelic, is a Goidelic language once spoken on the Isle Irish (ga ''Gaeilge'' is a Goidelic language of the Indo-European language family originating in Ireland and historically spoken by the Irish. Scottish Gaelic ( Gàidhlig) is a member of the Goidelic branch of Celtic languages.

Viking settlement on the Isle of Man began at the end of the eighth century. A Viking is one of the Norse ( Scandinavian Explorers Warriors Merchants, and pirates who raided and colonized wide areas Though the Vikings established Tynwald and introduced many land divisions that still exist, they had little actual influence on the culture of the Manx people. Tynwald (Tinvaal or more formally the High Court of Tynwald (Ard-whaiyl Tinvaal is the Bicameral Legislature of the Isle of Man. Although the Manx language does contain Norse influences, they are few. The Norse Kingdom of Mann and the Isles was created by Godred Crovan in 1079 after the Battle of Skyhill. The Kingdom of Mann and the Isles was a Norse kingdom that existed in the British Isles between 1079 and 1266. Godred Crovan (Gofraid mac meic Arailt Gofraid Méranech Guðrøðr) (died 1095 was a Norse-Gael ruler of Dublin, and King of Mann and the The Battle of Scacafell or Skyhill took place in Ramsey, Isle of Man in 1079 During Viking times, the islands of this kingdom were called the Súðreyjar or Sudreys ("southern isles") in contrast to the Norðreyjar ("northern isles") of Orkney and Shetland. Orkney (also known as the Orkney Islands or incorrectly the Orkneys) is an Archipelago in northern Scotland, situated 10 miles (16 km north Shetland (formerly spelled Zetland, from etland; Old Norse non Hjaltland; Sealtainn is an Archipelago off the northeast coast of This later became anglacized as Sodor. The Church of England diocese is still called the Diocese of Sodor and Man although it only covers Mann. The Church of England is the officially established Christian church in England, the Mother Church of the worldwide Anglican Sodor and Man is a Diocese of the Church of England. Originally much larger today it covers just the Isle of Man and its adjacent islets (When the Rev. W. V. Awdry wrote The Railway Series, he invented the island of Sodor as an imaginary island located between the Isle of Man and the Cumbrian coast. Wilbert Vere Awdry, OBE, ( 15 June 1911 &ndash 21 March 1997) better known as the Reverend W We know how exciting this is but WPTHOMAS/FAQ explains WikiProject Thomas' Sodor is a fictional island in the Irish Sea used as the setting for The Railway Series books by the Rev Boundaries and divisions Cumbria is neighboured by Northumberland, County Durham, North Yorkshire, Lancashire, and the Lieutenancy )

In 1266, as dictated in the Treaty of Perth, Norway's King Magnus VI ceded the isles to Scotland. The Treaty of Perth, 1266 ended military conflict between Norway under Magnus the Law-mender and Scotland under Alexander III over the Magnus Lagabøte ( old Norse Magnús lagabœtir, English Magnus the law-mender) or Magnus Håkonsson ( old Norse Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. The Isle of Man came under English control in the fourteenth century. During this period the Isle was dominated by the Stanley family, who also held the title of Earl of Derby, who had been given possession of Man by King Henry IV. Earl of Derby is a title in the Peerage of England. The title was first adopted by Robert de Ferrers 1st Earl of Derby under a creation of 1139 Henry IV (3 April 1367 &ndash 20 March 1413 was King of England and Lord of Ireland (1399&ndash1413 In 1703 the Act of Settlement secured peasant rights and marked the beginning of a move away from feudal government. The Act of Settlement of 1703 (passed in 1704 was an Act of Tynwald passed clarifying the status of the population of the Isle of Man. Feudalism, a term first used in the early modern period (17th century in its most classic sense refers to a Medieval Europe Political system composed In 1765, however, the British crown secured a greater control over the island, (called "the Revestment") without incorporating it into the United Kingdom, laying the grounds for the island's status as a Crown dependency. TalkCommonewalth realm.--> The monarchy The Isle of Man Purchase Act 1765 (c 26 also known as the Act of Revestment purchased the feudal rights of the Dukes of Atholl as Lords of Man over the The Crown Dependencies are possessions of The Crown in Right of the United Kingdom, as opposed to overseas territories or colonies of the United

In 1866 greater autonomy was restored to the island's parliament and a full transition to democracy began. The Isle quickly developed as a tax haven and tourist centre, becoming increasingly prosperous during the Twentieth century. A tax haven is a place where certain Taxes are levied at a low rate or not at all During both the First and Second World Wars the island was used as a location for internment camps for axis citizens and suspected sympathisers. World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including This is a list of Internment and Concentration camps, organized by country The Axis powers also known as the Axis alliance Axis nations Axis countries or sometimes just the Axis were those Countries

Windmills

Main article: Windmills in the Isle of Man

The Island has over a dozen known windmill sites. The Isle of Man has had a number of Windmills over the centuries A windmill is a machine that is powered by the energy of the wind The majority of the mills were small farm threshing mills, although two large corn mills were built. Threshing is the process of loosening the edible part of Cereal Grain from the scaly inedible Chaff that surrounds it A gristmill or grist mill is a building where Grain is ground into Flour, or the grinding mechanism itself

Tynwald

Main article: Tynwald

Tynwald, the Island's parliament, was nominally founded in AD 979. Tynwald (Tinvaal or more formally the High Court of Tynwald (Ard-whaiyl Tinvaal is the Bicameral Legislature of the Isle of Man. It is arguably the oldest continuous parliament in the world. ^[2] The annual ceremonial meeting in July on Tynwald Day, the Island's national day, continues to be held at Tynwald Hill, where titles are announced and a brief description of the new laws enacted by Tynwald during the previous year is given. Tynwald Day (Laa Tinvaal is the National Day of the Isle of Man, usually occurring on 5 July.

Geography

Main article: Geography of the Isle of Man

See also: List of islands of the Isle of Man

See also: Biota of the Isle of Man

As well as the main island of Man itself, the Isle of Man includes some nearby small islands: the partially inhabited Calf of Man, and the uninhabited Chicken Rock and St. Patrick's Isle. The Isle of Man is an Island in the Irish Sea, between Great Britain and Ireland in Western Europe, with a population The Isle of Man (Ellan Vannin is a Crown dependency in the centre of the Irish Sea. This is a list of the known wild biota of the Isle of Man. Non-native species are marked * extinct species are marked † Calf of Man (yn Cholloo is a small island almost one square mile (2 Chicken Rock (Carrick ny Kirkey is the southernmost island administered by the Isle of Man. St Patrick's Isle (Ellan Noo Perick is a small Island off the Isle of Man in the Irish Sea, largely occupied by Peel Castle and noted for its

The Isle of Man is located geographically in the middle of the northern Irish Sea, close to the geographical centre of the British Isles, an archipelago off the north-western coast of mainland Europe. The Irish Sea ( Irish: Muir Éireann or Muir Meann; Scottish Gaelic: Muir Eireann Welsh: Môr Iwerddon, The British Isles (Irish variously Na hOileáin Bhriotanacha, Oileáin Iarthair Eorpa, Éire agus an Bhreatain Mhór; Ellanyn Goaldagh Eileanan An archipelago (ɑrkəˈpɛləgoʊ is a chain or cluster of Islands The word archipelago literally means "chief Sea " from Italian The island lies closest to Scotland followed by England, Ireland and Wales. Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland Ireland (pronounced /ˈaɾlənd/ Éire) is the third largest island in Europe, and the twentieth-largest island in the world

Approximately 32 miles (51 km) long and between 8 miles (13 km) and 15 miles (24 km) wide, the island has an area of around 221 square miles (570 km²).

Hills in the north and south are bisected by a central valley. The extreme north is exceptionally flat, consisting mainly of deposits built up by deposition from glacial advances from Western Scotland during colder times. Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. There are more recently deposited shingle beaches at the Point of Ayre. A shingle beach is a Beach which is armoured with Pebbles or small to medium sized cobbles There are also two similarly named points in the British Isles Point of Ayr Wales and Point of Ayre Scotland. It has only one mountain higher than 2,000 feet (610 m), Snaefell, with a height of 2,036 feet (621 m). Snaefell (Sniaull is the highest Mountain and the only summit higher than on the Isle of Man. According to an old saying, from the summit one can see six kingdoms: those of Mann, Scotland, England, Ireland, Wales, and Heaven. Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland Ireland (pronounced /ˈaɾlənd/ Éire) is the third largest island in Europe, and the twentieth-largest island in the world Heaven may refer to the physical heavens the sky or the seemingly endless expanse of the Universe beyond ^[3][4][5] Some versions add a seventh kingdom, that of Neptune or the Sea. Neptune (Neptūnus is the god of water and the sea in Roman mythology, a brother of Jupiter and Pluto. This article is about the body of water For other uses see SEA and Seas. ^[6][7]

Population

Main article: Manx people

According to the 2006 interim census,^[8] the Isle of Man is home to 80,058 people, of whom 26,218 reside in the island's capital Douglas. The Manx are an ethnic group coming from the Isle of Man in the Irish Sea in northern Europe. Douglas (Doolish is the capital of the Isle of Man and its largest town Most of the population were born in the British Isles, with 47. The British Isles (Irish variously Na hOileáin Bhriotanacha, Oileáin Iarthair Eorpa, Éire agus an Bhreatain Mhór; Ellanyn Goaldagh Eileanan 6% born in the Isle of Man, 37. 2% born in England, 3. 4% in Scotland, 2. 1% in Northern Ireland, 2. 1% in the Republic of Ireland, 1. 2% in Wales and 0. 3% born in the Channel Islands.

Government

Main article: Isle of Man Government

The United Kingdom is responsible for the Island's defence and ultimately for good governance, and for representing the Island in international forums, while the Island's own parliament and government have competence over all domestic matters. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located The terms Governance and good governance are increasingly being used in development literature TalkParliament#Screen-size. -->A  parliament is a Legislature, especially in those

Structure

See also: Manx law

The Island's parliament is Tynwald, which dates from at least AD 979 and is said to be the oldest continuously existing parliament in the world. The legal system on the Isle of Man is Manx customary law, a form of Common law. Tynwald (Tinvaal or more formally the High Court of Tynwald (Ard-whaiyl Tinvaal is the Bicameral Legislature of the Isle of Man. Tynwald is a bicameral legislature, comprising the House of Keys (directly elected by universal suffrage) and the Legislative Council (consisting of indirectly elected and ex-officio members). The House of Keys (Kiare as Feed is the directly elected lower branch of Tynwald, the parliament of the Isle of Man, the other branch being the Legislative The Legislative Council (Yn Choonseil Slattyssagh is the upper chamber of Tynwald, the legislature of the Isle of Man. These two bodies meet together in joint session as Tynwald.

The executive branch of government is the Council of Ministers, which is composed of members of Tynwald. The Council of Ministers (Coonseil ny Shirveishee is similar although not exactly parallel to the United Kingdom Cabinet. It is headed by the Chief Minister, currently Tony Brown MHK. The Chief Minister (Ard-choylargh is the Executive Member of the Isle of Man 's parliament Tynwald. Manxman James Anthony "Tony" Brown is the current Chief Minister of the Isle of Man and Member of the House of Keys for Castletown Member of the House of Keys, or MHK is the title given to a person who has been elected into the House of Keys, the Lower house of Tynwald

Vice-regal functions of the Head of State are performed by a Lieutenant Governor. A viceroy is a royal official who governs a country or province in the name of and as representative of the Monarch. The Lieutenant Governor (Fo-chiannoort is the representative on the Isle of Man of the Lord of Mann, currently Queen Elizabeth II

External relations

Main article: External relations of the Isle of Man

Under British law, the Isle of Man is not part of the United Kingdom. Under British law, the Isle of Man is a Crown dependency and not an integral part of the United Kingdom. The United Kingdom has three Legal systems. English law, which applies in England and Wales, and Northern Ireland law, which applies in However, the UK takes care of its external and defence affairs, and retains paramount power to legislate for the Island.

Citizenship

Citizenship is covered by UK law, and Manx people are classed as British citizens, although those without a grandparent born in the UK (or who have not lived continuously for a period of five or more years in the UK) do not have the same rights as other British citizens with regard to employment and establishment in the European Union. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located British nationality law is the law of the United Kingdom concerning Citizenship and other categories of British Nationality. The European Union ( EU) is a political and economic union of twenty-seven member states, located primarily in

European Union

The Isle of Man holds neither membership nor associate membership of the European Union. The European Union ( EU) is a political and economic union of twenty-seven member states, located primarily in Protocol Three of the treaty of accession of the United Kingdom permits trade for Manx goods without tariffs. ^[9] In conjunction with the Customs and Excise agreement with the UK, this facilitates free trade with the UK. While Manx goods can be freely moved within the EU, people, capital and services cannot. EU citizens are entitled to travel and reside in the Island without restriction.

Commonwealth of Nations

The Isle of Man is not itself a member of the Commonwealth of Nations. By virtue of its relationship with the United Kingdom, it takes part in several Commonwealth institutions, including the Commonwealth Parliamentary Association and the Commonwealth Games. The Commonwealth Parliamentary Association, previously known as the Empire Parliamentary Association, is an organsation of British origin which works to support The Commonwealth Games is a multinational Multi-sport event. Held every four years it involves the elite athletes of the Commonwealth of Nations.

Politics

Main article: Politics of the Isle of Man

See also: List of political parties in the Isle of Man and Elections in the Isle of Man

Most Manx politicians stand for election as independents rather than as representatives of political parties. The government of the Isle of Man is a parliamentary Representative democracy. Political parties in the Isle of Man lists political parties in the Isle of Man. The Isle of Man partially elects its Legislature at the national level Though political parties do exist, their influence is not nearly as strong as is the case in the United Kingdom.

The largest political party is the recently established Liberal Vannin Party, which promotes greater Manx independence and more accountability in Government. The Liberal Vannin Party (LVP is a political party on the Isle of Man. The LibVannin party has two members of Tynwald including Leader Peter Karran MHK. Peter Karran MHK is currently the Member of the House of Keys for Onchan and Leader of the Liberal Vannin Party. Member of the House of Keys, or MHK is the title given to a person who has been elected into the House of Keys, the Lower house of Tynwald

A nationalist pressure group Mec Vannin advocates the establishment of a sovereign republic. gv '''''Mec Vannin''''' is a Political party operating in the Isle of Man. Sovereignty is the exclusive Right to control a Government, a country, a people or oneself A republic is a State or Country that is not led by a hereditary Monarch, but in which the people (or at least a part of its people have impact on its

Local government

Main article: Local government in the Isle of Man

Local government on the Isle of Man is based around the concept of ancient parishes. Local government (gurneilys ynnydagh on the Isle of Man is based around the concept of ancient parishes There are three types of local authorities: a borough corporation, town commissions, and parish commissions. A municipal corporation is the legal term for a local governing body, including (but not necessarily limited to cities, counties, Towns

Economy

Main article: Economy of the Isle of Man

The Isle of Man is a 'so-called' low tax economy with no capital gains tax, wealth tax, stamp duty or inheritance tax^[10] and a top rate of income tax of 18%. Offshore Banking, Manufacturing, and Tourism form key sectors of the economy of the Isle of Man, a British Crown dependency A capital gains tax (abbreviated CGT) is a Tax charged on Capital gains the profit realized on the sale of a non-inventory Asset that was purchased Because of the broad term "wealth" Property tax, capital transfer taxes ( Inheritance tax, Estate tax, Gift tax) Endowment tax Stamp duty is a form of Tax that is levied on documents Historically a physical stamp (a Tax stamp) had to be attached to or impressed upon the document to denote Estate tax and Death duty redirect here Inheritance tax, estate tax and death duty are the names given to various taxes which A "tax cap" is in force. The maximum amount of tax payable by an individual is £100,000 or £200,000 for couples if they choose to have their incomes jointly assessed. The £100,000 tax cap equates to an assessable income of approximately £570,000. Personal income is assessed and taxed on a total 'worldwide' income basis rather than a remittance basis. This means that all income earned throughout the world is assessable for Manx tax rather than only income earned in or brought into the IoM. It is therefore important for individuals to calculate whether Manx tax treatment is actually more favourable than that in remittance based legislatures such as Ireland. Residency rules, 60 days per annum, are lower than those in surrounding states.

The rate of corporation tax is 0% for almost all types of income, the only exceptions are that the profits of banks are taxed at 10%, as is rental (or other) income from land and buildings situated on the Isle of Man. Corporate tax refers to a Tax levied by various jurisdictions on the Profits made by companies or associations. ^[11][12]

Offshore banking, manufacturing, and tourism form key sectors of the economy. An offshore bank is a Bank located outside the country of residence of the depositor typically in a low tax jurisdiction (or Tax haven) that provides financial Manufacturing (from Latin manu factura, "making by hand" is the use of tools and labor to make things for use or sale Tourism is Travel for Recreational or Leisure purposes The World Tourism Organization defines tourists as people who "travel Economics is the social science that studies the production distribution, and consumption of goods and services. Agriculture and fishing, once the mainstays of the economy, now make declining contributions to the Island's Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Agriculture refers to the production of goods through the growing of plants and fungi and the raising of domesticated Animals The study of agriculture For the computer security term see Phishing. Fishing is the activity of catching Fish.

Trade takes place mostly with the United Kingdom. Trade is the willing exchange of goods, services, or both Trade is also called Commerce. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located

The Manx government promotes island locations for making films by contributing to the production costs. Since 1995 over 80 films have been made on the Island.

Communications

Main article: Communications on the Isle of Man

The main telephone provider on the Isle of Man is Manx Telecom. The Isle of Man benefits from an extremely modern and extensive communications infrastructure which underpins the main sectors of the Island's economy Manx Telecom (Chellinsh Vannin is the primary Telecommunications provider in the Isle of Man. The island has two mobile operators Manx Pronto (provided by Manx Telecom) and Sure Mobile (provided by Cable & Wireless). Manx Telecom (Chellinsh Vannin is the primary Telecommunications provider in the Isle of Man. Cable & Wireless ( is a British Telecommunications company In the mid-1980s it became the first company in the UK to offer an alternative Telephone Broadband internet services are available through Wi-Manx and Manx Telecom. The Island does not have its own ITU country code, but is accessed via the UK's code (+44) and the Island's telephone numbers are part of the UK telephone numbering plan with local dialling codes 01624 (landlines) and 07624/07924 (mobiles). This is a list of country calling codes defined by ITU-T recommendation E The UK Telephone numbering plan, also known as the National Telephone Numbering Plan, is the system used for assigning Telephone numbers in the United

In December 2007, the Manx Electricity Authority and its telecoms subsidiary, e-llan Communications Limited, commissioned the lighting of a new fibre-optic link that connects the Island to a worldwide fibre optic network.

The Isle of Man has three radio stations: Manx Radio, Energy FM, and 3 FM. Manx Radio (Radio Vannin Energy FM is an Isle of Man based radio station which first started broadcasting in 2001.

There is no domestic television service, and local transmitters retransmit analogue broadcasts of BBC 1 and BBC 2 (with BBC North West regional programmes), ITV Border Television and Channel 4. Independent Television (generally known as ITV) is a public service network of British commercial television broadcasters set up under the Independent Border Television (now legally known as ITV Border is the ITV franchisee for the border region between England and Scotland (including the south of Scotland much of Cumbria Channel 4 is a public-service Television and Radio broadcaster in the United Kingdom centred around a television channel of the same name which began Channel Five is not available via the Island's transmitters, but Sky Digital satellite television can be received, as can Free-to-air satellite via Astra 1A, Hotbird and a range of other satellites around Europe. Sky Digital is the brand name for British Sky Broadcasting 's digital Satellite television service transmitted from SES Astra satellites located at 28 Free-to-air (FTA Television (TV and Radio broadcasts are sent unencrypted and may be received via any suitable receiver Free-to-view Astra 1A was the first satellite launched and operated by Société Européenne des Satellites (SES now SES Astra. Hot Bird is the common name of a family of Satellites operated by Eutelsat, located at 13 °E over the Equator ( orbital position and Freeview is available in the north of the Island

In some areas, terrestrial television (including digital terrestrial) from the United Kingdom or Republic of Ireland can be received. Freeview is an operator of free Digital terrestrial television in the United Kingdom, using the DVB-T standard Terrestrial television is a term which refers to modes of television broadcasting which do not involve satellite transmission Digital Terrestrial Television ( DTTV or DTT) is an implementation of digital technology to provide a greater number of channels and/or better quality of picture and The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Ireland ( Irish: Éire, ˈeːrʲə is a country in north-western Europe.

Analogue television transmission will cease between 2008 and 2009, and limited local transmission of digital terrestrial television will then commence. Digital Terrestrial Television ( DTTV or DTT) is an implementation of digital technology to provide a greater number of channels and/or better quality of picture and

Transport

Main article: Transport on the Isle of Man

The island has a total of 688 miles (1,107 km)^[13] of public roads, all of which are paved. There are a number of transport services around the Isle Of Man Mostly consisting of paved roads Rail services and an Airport Service Many of the roads on the island have no speed limit, although measured travel speeds are often relatively low.

Isle of Man Travel Speeds
	Speed Limit	85% Speed	85% Speed
Measurement Site	(mph)	Eastbound (mph)	Westbound (mph)	Measurement Dates
Ballafreer House, Main Road, Marown	No Limit	46	47	27 June – 4 July 2005
Main Road, Baldrine	30	36	36	21 November – 28 November 2005
Glen Mona, Maughold (parish)	Derestricted	38	42	26 September – 3 October 2005
Ballamodha Straight, Malew	40	51	50	6 March – 13 March 2006
Ballacobb, Ballaugh	No Limit	51	40	3 July – 10 July 2006
Richmond Hill, Douglas (By bus stop)	50	55	50	24 April – 1 May 2006
Shore Road, Outside Limekilns Farm	No Limit	49	50	2 August – 8 August 2004
Windy Corner, Onchan	No Limit	54	57	17 July – 24 July 2006

source: Transport Implications of the Isle of Man Strategic Plan^[14]

Douglas is served by frequent ferries to and from England and more limited summer-only services from Ireland. For a discussion of the maximum speed possible in the universe see Speed of light and Special relativity. Marown is a Parish of the Isle of Man in the Sheading of Middle. Events 1358 - Republic of Dubrovnik is founded 1709 - Peter the Great defeats Charles XII of Sweden Events 836 - Pactum Sicardi, peace between the Principality of Benevento and the Duchy of Naples Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 164 BC - Judas Maccabaeus, son of Mattathias of the Hasmonean family restores the Temple in Jerusalem. For the town in Argentina, see 28 de Noviembre. Events Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Maughold is a village and parish in the Isle of Man. The village of Maughold lies on the coast some three miles from Ramsey with mountainous terrain on its landward side Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar dedicates a Events 42 BC - First Battle of Philippi: Triumvirs Mark Antony and Octavian fight an indecisive battle with Caesar's Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1079 - Omar Khayyám completes the Iranian calendar. 1454 - Thirteen Years' War: Delegates of Events 1138 - Cardinal Gregorio Conti is elected Antipope as Victor IV, succeeding Anacletus II. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ||-| History There are in Ballaugh many interesting sites of historical interest Events 324 - Battle of Adrianople Constantine I defeats Licinius, who flees to Byzantium. Events 48 BC - Battle of Dyrrhachium, Julius Caesar barely avoids a catastrophic defeat to Pompey in Macedonia. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Douglas (Doolish is the capital of the Isle of Man and its largest town Events 1479 BC - Thutmose III ascends to the throne of Egypt, although power effectively shifts to Hatshepsut (according to Events 305 - Diocletian and Maximian retire from the office of Roman Emperor. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 338 BC - A Macedonian army led by Philip II defeated the combined forces of Athens and Thebes in the Events 1220 - Sweden is defeated by Estonian tribes in the Battle of Lihula. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Onchan (pronounced onk-an is a Village (Kione Droghad – Bridge End in parish of Onchan in the Isle of Man. Events 180 - Twelve inhabitants of Scillium in North Africa are executed for being Christians Events 1132 - Battle of Nocera between Ranulf II of Alife and Roger II of Sicily. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland Ireland (pronounced /ˈaɾlənd/ Éire) is the third largest island in Europe, and the twentieth-largest island in the world All ferries are operated by the Isle of Man Steam Packet Company. The Isle of Man Steam Packet Company (Sheshaght Phaggad Bree Ellan Vannin is the oldest continuously operating passenger shipping company in the world celebrating its 175th anniversary

The only commercial airport on the island is the Isle of Man Airport at Ronaldsway. Isle of Man Airport (also known as Ronaldsway Airport) is the main Civilian Airport of the Isle of Man. Ronaldsway ( Manx: Roonysvie) is a region in the south of the Isle of Man, in the vicinity of the towns of Ballasalla and Castletown

The island used to have an extensive narrow-gauge railway system, both steam-operated and electric, but the majority of the steam railway tracks have been taken out of service and the track removed. Currently there is a steam railway which runs between Douglas and Port Erin, an electric railway which runs between Douglas and Ramsey and an electric mountain railway which climbs Snaefell. Snaefell (Sniaull is the highest Mountain and the only summit higher than on the Isle of Man. The lines are mostly operated for the benefit of tourists, though some people use them for commuting.

The Island-wide bus network is operated by Isle of Man Transport. Isle of Man Transport (Arraghey Ellan Vannin is an agency of Isle of Man Government that operates public transport on the Isle of Man. Both Single- and Double-decker buses are in service.

Culture

Further information: Music of the Isle of Man

The culture of the Isle of Man is influenced by its Norse and Celtic cultural origins, though its close proximity to the UK, period as a UK tourist destination and recent mass immigration by British migrant workers has meant that British influence has been dominant since the Revestment period. The Isle of Man is a small island nation in the Irish Sea, between Great Britain and Ireland. Norsemen is used to refer to the group of people as a whole who speak one of the North Germanic languages as their native language Celts (ˈkɛlts or /ˈsɛlts/, see Names of the Celts Recent revival campaigns have attempted to preserve the surviving vestiges of Manx culture after a long period of Anglicization, and significant interest in the Manx language, history and musical tradition have been the result.

Etymology of name

The origin of the name Isle of Man is unclear. In the Manx Gaelic language the Isle of Man is known as Ellan Vannin, where ellan is a Gaelic word meaning 'island'. Manx ( Gaelg or Gailck, ɡilk or) also known as Manx Gaelic, is a Goidelic language once spoken on the Isle The earliest form of 'Man' is Manu or Mana^[15] giving the genitive name Manann leading to the word Mannin, to which a 'h' is added when used after the feminine word Ellan, giving Mhannin. In Grammar, the genitive case or possessive case (also called the second case) is the case that marks a Noun as modifying another As 'mh' is pronounced like a 'v' in Goidelic languages, in modern Manx the name becomes Ellan Vannin. The Goidelic languages, (also sometimes called particularly in colloquial situations the Gaelic languages or collectively Gaelic) historically formed a Dialect

During the period of Julius Caesar as proconsul and his visit to Britain during 55 and 54 BC Caesar referred to the Isle of Man in his Commentarii de Bello Gallico to 'an island called Mona which lies midway across the sea separating Britain from Ireland. Ancient Rome In the Roman Republic, a proconsul was a Promagistrate (like a Propraetor) who after serving as Consul, spent a year Commentarii de Bello Gallico is Julius Caesar 's third-person account of his nine years of war in Gaul. '^[16]

Language

Further information: Manx language

The official languages of the Isle of Man are Manx Gaelic and English. Manx ( Gaelg or Gailck, ɡilk or) also known as Manx Gaelic, is a Goidelic language once spoken on the Isle Manx ( Gaelg or Gailck, ɡilk or) also known as Manx Gaelic, is a Goidelic language once spoken on the Isle English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States A dialect of English known as Manx English is spoken. Manx English, or Anglo-Manx, is the Dialect of English which was formerly spoken by the people of the Isle of Man.

The Manx Gaelic language is a Goidelic Celtic language and is one of a number of insular Celtic languages spoken in the British Isles. Manx ( Gaelg or Gailck, ɡilk or) also known as Manx Gaelic, is a Goidelic language once spoken on the Isle The Goidelic languages, (also sometimes called particularly in colloquial situations the Gaelic languages or collectively Gaelic) historically formed a Dialect The term Insular Celtic refers to those Celtic languages which originated in the British Isles, in contrast to the Continental Celtic languages of Manx Gaelic has been officially recognised as a legitimate autochthonous regional language under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages, ratified by the United Kingdom on 27 March 2001 on behalf of the Isle of Man government. An indigenous language or autochthonous language is a Language that is native to a region and spoken by Indigenous peoples but has been reduced A regional language is a Language spoken in an area of a Nation state, whether it be a small area a federal State or Province, or The European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages ( ECRML) is a European Treaty (CETS 148 adopted in 1992 under the auspices of the Council of Europe Events 196 BC - Ptolemy V ascends to the throne of Egypt. 1309 - Pope Clement V excommunicates Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar.

The Manx language is closely related to the Irish language and Scottish Gaelic. Manx ( Gaelg or Gailck, ɡilk or) also known as Manx Gaelic, is a Goidelic language once spoken on the Isle Irish (ga ''Gaeilge'' is a Goidelic language of the Indo-European language family originating in Ireland and historically spoken by the Irish. Scottish Gaelic ( Gàidhlig) is a member of the Goidelic branch of Celtic languages. By the middle of the twentieth century only a few elderly native speakers remained: the last of them, Ned Maddrell, died on December 27, 1974. A first language (also mother tongue, native language, arterial language, or L1) is the language a human being learns from birth Edward "Ned" Maddrell (ca 1878–December 27 Events 537 - The Hagia Sophia is completed 1512 - The Spanish Crown issues the Laws of Burgos, governing the Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. By then a scholarly revival had begun to spread to the populace and many had learned Manx as a second language. Language revitalization is the attempt by interested parties including individuals cultural or community groups governments or political authorities to recover the spoken use of a The first native speakers of Manx (bilingual with English) in many years have now appeared: children brought up by Manx-speaking parents. Primary immersion education in Manx is provided by the Manx government: since 2003, the former St John's School building has been used by the Bunscoill Gaelgagh (Manx language-medium school). The village of St John's (Balley Keeill Eoin is a small village on the A1 Douglas to Peel road in the central valley of the Isle of Degrees in Manx are available from the Isle of Man College and the Centre for Manx Studies. The Isle of Man College (Yn Colliesh Ellan Vannin is the primary centre for tertiary and vocational education on the Isle of Man. The Centre for Manx Studies (Laare-Studeyrys Manninagh is the main centre on the Isle of Man for the study of the Isle of Man the Manx language, and Manx culture Manx-language playgroups also exist, and Manx language classes are available in island schools. In the 2001 census, 1,689 out of 76,315, or 2. 2% of the population, claimed to have knowledge of Manx, although the degree of knowledge in these cases was presumably varied.

In common use are the greetings moghrey mie and fastyr mie which mean 'good morning' and 'good afternoon' respectively. The Manx language knows no 'evening' as it is 'afternoon'. Another frequently heard Manx expression is traa dy liooar meaning 'time enough', and represents a stereotypical view of the Manx attitude to life.

Symbols

For centuries, the Island's symbol has been its ancient triskelion, a device similar to Sicily's Trinacria: three bent legs, each with a spur, joined at the thigh. A triskelion or triskele (both from the Greek gr ''τρισκέλιον'' or grc ''τρισκελής'' for "three-legged" is a Symbol Sicily ( Italian and Sicilian: Sicilia) is an autonomous region of Italy. For Trinacria as a place-name in Greek mythology see Thrinacia. The Manx triskelion does not appear to have an official definition; Government publications, currency, flags, the tourist authority and others all use different variants. Most, but not all, preserve rotational symmetry, some running clockwise, others anti-clockwise. Generally speaking an object with rotational symmetry is an object that looks the same after a certain amount of Rotation. Some have the uppermost thigh at 12:00, others at 11:30 or 10:00, etc. Some have the knee bent at 90°, some at 60°, some at closer to 120°. Also the degree of ornamentation of the leg wear and spur vary considerably.

The three legs relate directly to the island's motto (adopted late in the symbol's history): Quocunque Jeceris Stabit, translated as 'Whithersoever you throw it, it will stand'. Interpretations of the motto often stress stability and robustness in the Manx character. Many schools on the island have adapted the motto to promote perseverance and hard work.

The origin of the 'Three Legs of Man' (as they are usually called) is explained in the Manx legend that Manannan repelled an invasion by transforming into the three legs and rolling down the hill and defeating the invaders. In Celtic mythology, Manannán mac Lir is the god of the sea He is often seen as a Psychopomp, and considered to have strong connections to the Otherworld

Variations on the Manx triskelion are still in use on the coats of arms belonging to the different branches of the ancient Norwegian noble family that ruled Mann until the thirteenth century. This particular version belongs to the Skancke branch of the Skanke family. Skancke is a Norwegian family The main centre of the Skancke branch of the family is situated in the old mining town of Røros in Mid-Norway. Skanke is the name of several Norwegian families The name was not generally used in Middle Ages it is a later retrospectively constructed surname for families who had their crest The name stems from skank, the Norwegian version of the word 'shank', or 'leg'. In common usage the human leg is the lower limb of the Body, extending from the Hip to the Ankle, and including the Thigh, the The Norse royal family of Man stayed on the island for some years after the death of Magnus III and the beginning of Scottish rule. Magnus Barefoot ( Old Norse Magnús berfœtt, modern Norwegian Magnus Berrføtt, 1073 Norway - August 1103 Ulster) son The family's emigration only came after the a final attempt on the part of the Manx at restoring the old Sudreyar dynasty in the 1275 uprising against the Scots. This revolt failed disastrously, ending in the deaths of hundreds of rebels, including the last Norse King of Mann, Godred VI Magnuson when the Manx suffered defeat in the decisive Battle of Ronaldsway, near Castletown. The King of Mann was the title taken between 1237 and 1504 by the various rulers both sovereign and suzerain, over the Kingdom of Mann – the Isle of Man Godred VI (Godred Magnuson was briefly King of Mann in 1275 Godred was the son and heir of King Magnus III, by his wife Mary of Argyll. The Battle of Ronaldsway took place in 1275 at Ronaldsway in the southern part of the Isle of Man between a Scottish army and Manx Castletown (Balley Chashtal pronounced /ˈbalʲə ˈxaʃtʲəl/ is a town within the Malew parish of the Isle of Man. When the Norse-Manx royals arrived in Norway they took service as nobles of the Norwegian king, quickly becoming knights, landlords, and clergy under the Norwegian Crown. Knight is the English term for a social position originating in the Middle Ages. Landlord is the owner of a House, Apartment, Condominium, or Real estate which is rented or Leased to an individual or business Clergy is the generic term used to describe the formal religious leadership within a given Religion.

Myth, legend and folklore

In Manx mythology, the island was ruled by Manannán mac Lir, a Celtic sea god, who would draw his misty cloak around the island to protect it from invaders. In Celtic mythology, Manannán mac Lir is the god of the sea He is often seen as a Psychopomp, and considered to have strong connections to the Otherworld Celtic mythology is the Mythology of Celtic polytheism, apparently the Religion of the Iron Age Celts Like other Iron Age One of the principal theories about the origin of the name Mann is that it is named after Manannan.

In the Manx tradition of folklore, there are many stories of mythical creatures and characters. These include the Buggane, a malevolent spirit who according to legend blew the roof off St Trinian's church in a fit of pique; the Fenodyree; the Glashtyn; and the Moddey Dhoo, a ghostly black dog who wandered the walls and corridors of Peel Castle. In Manx mythology a gv '''''Buggane''''' was a huge Ogre -like creature native to the Isle of Man Sometimes used as a proper name and sometimes as the name of a class of beings the gv '''''fenodyree''''' is like a brownie, hob or sprite in folklore particular around the Isle In Manx Folklore the gv '''''Glashtyn''''' is a Water horse similar to examples in Celtic tradition and folklore especially in Scotland and Wales A black dog is a spectral being found primarily in the folklores of the British Isles. A black dog is a spectral being found primarily in the folklores of the British Isles. Peel Castle is a Castle in Peel, Isle of Man originally constructed by Vikings The castle stands on St Patrick's Isle which is

The Isle of Man is also said to be home to fairies, known locally as 'the little folk' or 'themselves'. gl '''''Mooinjer veggey''''' (Muintir Bheaga is the Manx for ' Little people ' a term used for fairies in Gaelic lore There is a famous Fairy Bridge and it is said to be bad luck if one fails to wish the fairies good morning or afternoon when passing over it. Fairy Bridge might refer to one of two locations on the Isle of Man: Castletown Road The Fairy Bridge better known to tourists is that in the parish of It used to be a tradition to leave a coin on the bridge to ensure good luck. Other types of fairies are the Mi'raj and the Arkan Sonney. An gv '''''arkan sonney''''' (literally lucky urchin or plentiful pig) is the Manx for Hedgehog.

An old Irish story tells how Lough Neagh was formed when Ireland's legendary giant Fionn mac Cumhaill (sometimes known as Finn McCool) scooped up a portion of the land and tossed it at a Scottish rival. Lough Neagh (ˌlɒx ˈneɪ, ɫ̪ɔx ˈn̠ʲahax is a freshwater Lake in Northern Ireland. Fionn mac Cumhaill (ˈɸʲiːn̪ˠ mˠak ˈkũw̃aːlʲ in Irish, ˈfɪn mə ˈkuːl in English) (earlier Finn or Find mac Cumail or mac Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. He missed, and the chunk of earth landed in the Irish Sea, thus creating the island. The Irish Sea ( Irish: Muir Éireann or Muir Meann; Scottish Gaelic: Muir Eireann Welsh: Môr Iwerddon,

Cuisine

Traditionally the national dish of the Island is 'Spuds and Herrin', boiled potatoes and herring. The potato is a Starchy Tuberous crop Vegetable from the perennial Solanum tuberosum of the Solanaceae Herring are small Oily fish of the genus Clupea found in the shallow temperate waters of the North Atlantic, the Baltic Sea, the North This plain dish is chosen because of its role supporting the subsistence farmers of the island, who crofted the land and fished the sea for centuries.

A more recent claim for the title of national dish would be the ubiquitous chips, cheese and gravy, which is similar to the Canadian dish of poutine. This is the fast food dish For the completely different Acadian dish see Poutine râpée. Known locally as "CCG", it is found in most of the Island's fast-food outlets, and consists of thick cut chips, covered in shredded Manx cheddar cheese and topped with a thick gravy. French fries ( North American English; sometimes not capitalized chips ( British English) fries or French-fried potatoes (formal Cheddar cheese is a relatively hard pale yellow to off-white and sometimes sharp-tasting Cheese from the English village of Cheddar, in Somerset Gravy is an English Sauce made often from the juices that run naturally from meat or vegetables during cooking ^[17]

Seafood has traditionally accounted for a large proportion of the local diet. Although commercial fishing has declined in recent years, local delicacies include Manx kippers (smoked herring) which are produced by the smokeries in Peel on the west coast of the island, albeit mainly from North Sea herring these days. A kipper is a whole Herring that has been split from tail to head gutted salted and Cold smoked. The smokeries also produce other specialities including smoked salmon and bacon. Salmon is the common name for several species of Fish of the family Salmonidae. Bacon is a cut of Meat taken from the sides belly or back of a Pig that has been cured, smoked, or both

Crab, lobster and scallops are commercially fished, and the Queen Scallop ('Queenies') is regarded as a particular delicacy, with a light, sweet flavour. Crabs are decapod Crustaceans of the infraorder Brachyura, which typically have a very short projecting "tail" (βραχύ / brachy Clawed lobsters compose a family ( Nephropidae, sometimes also Homaridae) of large marine Crustaceans Lobsters are economically important as A scallop (ˈskɒləp or /ˈskæləp/ is a marine Bivalve Mollusk of the family Pectinidae. The Queen scallop ( Aequipecten opercularis) is a medium-sized member of the Scallop family a species of edible marine Bivalve Mollusk Cod, ling and mackerel are often angled for the table, and freshwater trout and salmon can be taken from the local rivers and lakes, supported by the Government fish hatchery at Cornaa. Cod is the common name for the Genus Gadus of Fish, belonging to the family Gadidae, and is also used in the common name of a variety The common ling, Molva molva, is a large member of the Cod family Mackerel is a common name applied to a number of different species of Fish, mostly but not exclusively from the family Scombridae. Trout is the common name given to a number of Species of Freshwater Fish belonging to the Salmonidae family Salmon is the common name for several species of Fish of the family Salmonidae.

Cattle, sheep, pigs and poultry are all commercially farmed, Manx lamb from the hill-farms being a popular dish. Cattle, colloquially referred to as cows, are domesticated Ungulates a member of the Subfamily Bovinae of the family Pigs, also called hogs or' swine', are Ungulates which have been domesticated as sources of food leather and similar products since ancient times Poultry is the category of Domesticated Birds which some humans keep for the purpose of collecting their eggs, or kill for their Meat and/or The Loaghtan, the indigenous breed of Manx sheep, has a rich, dark meat that has found favour with chefs, featuring in dishes on the BBC's Masterchef series. The Manx Loaghtan is a breed of Sheep ( Ovis aries) native to the Isle of Man.

Milk and cheese are produced by IOM Creameries. Milk is an opaque white liquid produced by the Mammary glands of female Mammals (including Monotremes. Cheese is a Food made from Milk, usually the milk of cows, Buffalo, Goats or sheep, by coagulation. Manx cheese has been a particular success, featuring smoked and herb-flavoured varieties, and is stocked by many of the UK's supermarket chains. Manx cheese took bronze medals in the 2005 British Cheese Awards, and sold 578 tonnes over the year.

Beer is brewed on a commercial scale by Okells Brewery (established in 1850) and Bushy's Brewery. Beer is the world's oldest and most widely consumed Alcoholic beverage and the third most popular drink overall after water and tea Okells is a Regional brewery founded in 1850 by Dr William Okell in Douglas Isle of Man.

Sport

Main article: Sport in the Isle of Man

The Isle of Man is represented as a nation in the Commonwealth Games and the Island Games and will be hosting the IV Commonwealth Youth Games in 2011. For a small country sport in the Isle of Man plays an important part in making the island known to the wider world The Commonwealth Games is a multinational Multi-sport event. Held every four years it involves the elite athletes of the Commonwealth of Nations. International Island Games Association (IGA is an organisation the sole purpose of which is to organise the Island Games a friendly biennial Athletic competition between teams The Commonwealth Youth Games are a Mini version of the Commonwealth Games aiming at children and young people The Island started the Island Games in 1985. International Island Games Association (IGA is an organisation the sole purpose of which is to organise the Island Games a friendly biennial Athletic competition between teams

Isle of Man teams and individuals participate in many sports both on and off the island including rugby union, football, gymnastics, hockey, bowling and cricket. Overview See also Playing rugby union A rugby union match lasts for 80 minutes (plus stoppage time with a short Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a Team sport played between two teams of eleven players and is widely considered Gymnastics is a Sport involving performance of exercises requiring physical strength agility and coordination Field hockey is a Team sport in which players attempt to score goals by hitting the Ball across the pitch with a stick Bowling is a Game / Sport in which players attempt to score points by rolling a Bowling ball along a flat surface either into objects called pins Cricket is a bat-and-ball team Sport that originated in England and is now played in more than 100 countries Being an island, many types of watersports are also popular with residents.

Motorcycle racing

For more details on this topic, see Isle of Man TT. TT Race History Motor racing began on the Isle of Man in 1904 with the Gordon Bennett Car Trials and were originally restricted to touring automobiles

The main international motorcycle event associated with the island is the Isle of Man TT, which began in 1907 and takes place in late May and early June. MotorCycle is the title of a 1993 album by Rock band Daniel Amos, released on BAI Records. TT Race History Motor racing began on the Isle of Man in 1904 with the Gordon Bennett Car Trials and were originally restricted to touring automobiles The 1907 Isle of Man Tourist Trophy was the first of the Isle of Man TT races It is now an international road racing event for motor bikes and used to be part of the World Championship. Road racing can be a term involving Road running, road bicycle races, or Automobile races The Manx Grand Prix is a motorcycle event for amateurs and private entrants that uses the same 37. The Manx Grand Prix motorcycle races are held on the Isle of Man TT Course (or ' Mountain Circuit ' every year for a two-week period usually spanning the end of August 73 miles (60. 72 km) Snaefell Mountain Course in late August and early September. Snaefell Mountain Course or Mountain Course is a road-racing circuit used for the Isle of Man TT and Manx Grand Prix Races held in the Isle

Cammag

Main article: Cammag

Cammag is the national sport of the Isle of Man. The game of cammag is a Manx team sport It is similar to the Irish Hurling and its related Scottish Gaelic game of Shinty. The game of cammag is a Manx team sport It is similar to the Irish Hurling and its related Scottish Gaelic game of Shinty. It is similar to the Scottish game of shinty, and Irish hurling. Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. Shinty (derived from the Scottish Gaelic sinteag although it is referred to as camanachd or iomain in modern Gaelic is a Team sport Ireland (pronounced /ˈaɾlənd/ Éire) is the third largest island in Europe, and the twentieth-largest island in the world Hurling (in Irish, iománaíocht or iomáint) is an outdoor team Sport of ancient Gaelic origin administered by the Gaelic Once the most popular sport on the Island, it ceased to be played by the start of the 20th century. It has more recently been revived with an annual match at St John's. The village of St John's (Balley Keeill Eoin is a small village on the A1 Douglas to Peel road in the central valley of the Isle of

Famous residents

Main article: Famous residents of the Isle of Man

Born or raised on the island

• The Bee Gees
• Mark Cavendish, sprint cyclist. The Bee Gees were a singing trio of brothers — Barry, Robin, and Maurice Gibb. Mark Cavendish (born Douglas Isle of Man 21 May 1985) is a Manx and British Racing cyclist who rides for UCI ProTeam
• Charles Kerruish became in 1961 the first Manxman to be head of government. Sir Charles Kerruish OBE LLD CP MLC ( July 23, 1917 – August 2, 2003) was
• Illiam Dhone led an uprising against English rule over the island and was executed in 1663. Illiam Dhone (14 April 1608 - 2 January 1663 was a famous Manx Nationalist and Politician.
• Nigel Kneale, seminal science fiction and horror screenwriter. Nigel Kneale (18 April 1922 &ndash 29 October 2006 was a Manx writer who worked mostly in the United Kingdom.
• Myles Standish, Captain of the Mayflower, believed to be born in Ellan Bane Farm, Lezayre, but some evidence has also located his birth place as Duxbury in England. Captain Myles Standish (c 1584 &ndash October 3, 1656) (sometimes spelled Miles Standish was an English born military officer hired The Mayflower was the famous Ship that transported the English Separatists better known as the Pilgrims, from Southampton, England
• Samantha Barks, up-and-coming West End star, currently appearing on I'd Do Anything,

Moved to the island

• James Toseland, the current World Superbike Champion and MotoGP Rider
• Neil Hodgson, the 2003 Superbike and World Superbike Champion. Samantha Barks (born in Laxey, Isle of Man) is a singer and actress who came third in the BBC Talent show -themed Television series James Toseland (born 5 October, 1980 in Doncaster who also won the Superbike World Championship on a Ducati. Neil Hodgson (born in Burnley, Lancashire) is a Motorcycle racer who won the 2000 British Superbike championship and the 2003 Superbike
• George MacDonald Fraser, author
• Sir Norman Wisdom, comedian and actor. George MacDonald Fraser, OBE (2 April 1925 &ndash 2 January 2008 was a British Author of both Historical novels and Non-fiction books Sir Norman Wisdom, OBE (born 4 February 1915) is an English Comedian, Singer and Actor.
• John Rhys Davies, actor. John Rhys-Davies (born May 5, 1944) is a British Actor and vocal actor born in England
• Andy Kershaw, DJ. Andy Kershaw (born November 9 1959 in Rochdale, Lancashire) is a British broadcaster
• Jeremy Clarkson, the journalist and broadcaster has a second home on the island. Jeremy Charles Robert Clarkson (born 11 April 1960 is an English broadcaster
• Nigel Mansell, 1992 Formula One and 1993 Indy Car World Champion
• Steve Hislop, former motorcycle world champion. Biography Mansell was born in Upton-upon-Severn, a small Town in the English county of Worcestershire. Steven 'Hizzy' Hislop ( January 11, 1962 - July 30, 2003) was a Scottish Motorcycle racer

See also

Main list: List of basic Isle of Man topics

• Anglo-Manx
• Biota of the Isle of Man
• Coins of the Manx pound
• Isle of Man Incinerator
• List of not fully sovereign nations
• Manx cat
• Towns in the Isle of Man

Notes

References

External links

• isleofman.com The Isle of Man online.
• Isle of Man Guide An extensive guide to the Isle of Man
• Manx Government A comprehensive site covering many aspects of Manx life from fishing to financial regulation
• CIA World Factbook listing for the Isle of Man
• Manx Scenes.com Extensive photographic library.
• Isle of Man Tour 360 degree pictures of the Isle of Man.
• Manxviews Over 1300 Manx images.
• Isle of Man at Britlink.

© 2009 citizendia.org; parts available under the terms of GNU Free Documentation License, from http://en.wikipedia.org
Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic