|
Part of a series on
|
|
|---|---|
|
Allah · Oneness of God |
|
| Practices |
|
|
Timeline of Muslim history |
|
|
Qur'an · Sunnah · Hadith |
|
| Sunni · Shi'a | |
|
Academics · Animals · Art |
|
| Christianity · Hinduism · Jainism Judaism · Sikhism |
|
|
See also |
|
|
Islam Portal |
|
This article is about animals in Islamic thought. For other meanings including people named 'Islam' see Islam (disambiguation. Aqidah (sometimes spelled Aqeeda, Aqidah or Aqida) (عقيدة is an Islamic term meaning Creed. Allah ( Arabic: الله, ʔalˤːɑːh) is the standard Arabic word for ' In Islam, God is believed to be the only real supreme being all-powerful and all knowing Creator Sustainer Ordainer and Judge of the universe Islam puts a heavy emphasis IMPORTANT PLEASE READ ##### For all questions relating to the addition of (pbuh peace be upon him or other honorifics Muslims regard as Prophets of Islam ( Arabic: نبي) those non-divine humans chosen by Allah as Prophets The Five Pillars of Islam (Arabic أركان الإسلام is the term given to the five duties incumbent on every Muslim. The Shahada ( Arabic: ar الشهادة, from the verb ar شهد "to testify" is the Islamic Creed. Ṣalāt ( Arabic: صلاة, pl ṣalawāt, Qur'anic Arabic: صلوة ṣalawah) (also munz in Pashto and Sawm ( Arabic: صوم is an Arabic word for Fasting regulated by Islamic jurisprudence. This is a sub-article of Islamic economical jurisprudence. Zakaat ( زكاة zækæːh zakaat or zakāh, has the implied The Hajj (حج is a pilgrimage to Mecca (Makkah It is the largest annual pilgrimage in the world Muslim history began in Arabia with the Muhammad 's first recitations of the Qur'an in the 7th century Caliph Caliph is the term or title for the Islamic leader of the Ummah, or community of Islam There is much more to Muslim history than its military and political aspects this particular chronology is almost entirely of military and political nature See also Muhammad's wives Ahl al-Bayt ( Arabic:ar أهل البيت is an Arabic phrase literally meaning People of the House, or family In Islam, the Ṣaḥābah (الصحابة "Companions" were the companions of the Islamic prophet Muḥammad. The Rightly Guided Caliphs or The Righteous Caliphs ( ar الخلفاء الراشدون) is a term used in Sunni Islam to refer to the first Imāmah (إمامة is the Shī‘ah doctrine of religious spiritual and political leadership of the Ummah. Qur'an Text Surahs ** Ayah Commentary/Exegesis Tafsir Sharia ( Arabic: ar شريعة) is the body of Islamic Religious law. The Qur’an ( القرآن, literally "the recitation" also sometimes transliterated as Qur’ān, Koran, Alcoran Sunnah ar (سنة plural سنن Sunan literally means “trodden path” and therefore the sunnah of the prophet means “the way and the manners of the prophet” Hadith ( ar الحديث, pl aḥadīth; lit. "narrative" are oral Traditions relating to the words and deeds of the Islamic Fiqh ( Arabic: فقه, fɪqəh is Islamic Jurisprudence. Fiqh is an expansion of the Sharia Islamic law—based directly on the Sharia ( Arabic: ar شريعة) is the body of Islamic Religious law. Kalām (علم الكلام is the Islamic philosophy of seeking Islamic theological principles through Dialectic. Sufism ( تصوّف - taṣawwuf, Persian: صوفیگری sufigari, Turkish: tasavvuf, Urdu: تصوف Sunni Islam is the largest denomination of Islam. Sunni Islam is also referred to as Ahl as-Sunnah wa’l-Jamā‘h (Arabic Muslim Culture is a term primarily used in Secular Academia to describe all cultural practices common to historically Islamic peoples The term Muslim world (or Islamic world) has several meanings This is a sub-article to Religious education, Academic discipline, and Islam. Islamic art encompasses the arts produced from the 7th century onwards by people (not necessarily Muslim) who lived within the territory that was inhabited by culturally The Islamic calendar or Muslim calendar ( Arabic: التقويم الهجري at-taqwīm al-hijrī; Persian: تقویم هجری قمری The topic of Islam and children includes the rights of children in Islam children's duties towards their parents and parent's rights over their children both males and females Listing of Muslims by country Important note Population counts by religious affiliation like most demographic characteristics of a Population Muslim holidays are mostly based around the life of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, especially the events surrounding the first hearing of the Qur'an. A "mosque" in English refers to all types of buildings dedicated for Islamic worship although there is a distinction in Arabic between the smaller privately owned mosque and the larger Islamic philosophy is a branch of Islamic studies, and is a longstanding attempt to create harmony between Philosophy ( Reason) and the religious teachings See also Modern Islamic philosophy, Islamism, Islamic terrorism Political aspects of Islam are derived from the Quran, the Sunna Over the centuries of Islamic history, Muslim rulers Islamic scholars, and ordinary Muslims have held many different attitudes towards other religions The historical interaction between Christianity and Islam, in the field of Comparative religion, connects fundamental ideas in Christianity with similar ones in Islam Hinduism and Islam, from the of arrival of the Arabs as far back as the eighth century AD has had a checkered history Islam and Jainism came in close contact with each other following the Islamic conquest from Central Asia and Persia in the seventh The historical interaction of Judaism and Islam started in the 7th century CE with the origin and spread of Islam in the Arabian peninsula. In Islam, Muhammad is the last and final Prophet of God Islam views Jews Christians and Muslims as " People of the Book Arguments critical to religion in general or specific to monotheism such as the Existence of God, are not dealt with here Islamophobia is a Neologism that refers to Prejudice or Discrimination against Islam or Muslims The term itself dates back to the The following list consists of Concepts that are derived from both Islamic and Arab tradition which are expressed as words in the Arabic language. For other meanings including people named 'Islam' see Islam (disambiguation.
The Qur'an assigns an inferior status to animals in comparison with humans and has a tendency towards anthropocentrism. Anthropocentrism (from Greek άνθρωπος anthropos, "human being" and κέντρον kentron, "center" Anthropos (the term [1] It nevertheless strongly enjoins Muslims to treat animals with compassion and not to abuse them. The animals, together with all the creation, are believed to praise God, even if this praise is not expressed in human language (e. g. see Qur'an 17:44). The Qur’an ( القرآن, literally "the recitation" also sometimes transliterated as Qur’ān, Koran, Alcoran [2]
The Qur'an explicitly allows the eating of the meat of the animals (see Qur'an 5:1). The Qur’an ( القرآن, literally "the recitation" also sometimes transliterated as Qur’ān, Koran, Alcoran [2] Although some Sufis have practiced vegetarianism, but to date, there has been no serious discourse on the possibility of vegetarianism interpretations. Sufism ( تصوّف - taṣawwuf, Persian: صوفیگری sufigari, Turkish: tasavvuf, Urdu: تصوف [2] Certain animals can be eaten under the condition that they are slaughtered in a specified way. [3] Prohibitions include swine, carrion,[4] and animals slaughtered in the name of someone other than God. Pigs, also called hogs or' swine', are Ungulates which have been domesticated as sources of food leather and similar products since ancient times Carrion (from the Latin caro, meaning meat refers to the carcass of a dead animal Dhabīḥah (ar ذَبِيْحَة is the prescribed method of Ritual slaughter of all animals excluding fish and most sea-life per Islamic law Allah ( Arabic: الله, ʔalˤːɑːh) is the standard Arabic word for ' [3] Carnivorous land animals and birds with talons are forbidden. This prohibition does not extend towards marine animals, though Shi'a Muslims only allow marine animals with scales, in addition to shrimp and prawn. True shrimp are swimming decapod Crustaceans classified in the Infraorder Caridea, found widely around the world in both fresh Prawns are Crustaceans belonging to the sub-order Dendrobranchiata
Contents |
Animals in the pre-Islamic Arabia
Arab bedouin, like other people, attributed the qualities and the faults of humans to animals (e. g. generosity was attributed to the cock, perfidy to the lizard, stupidity to the bustard and boldness to the lion). [5]
Based on the facts that the name of certain tribes bear the names of animals, survivals of animal cults, prohibitions of certain foods and other indications, W. R. Smith argued for practice of totemism by certain tribes of Arabia. A totem is any supposed entity that watches over or assists a group of people such as a family Clan or tribe ( Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary and Webster's Others have argued that these evidences may only imply practice of a form of animalism. In support of this, for example, it was believed that upon one's death, the soul departs from the body in the form of a bird (usually a sort of owl). The soul flys for some time around the tomb and on occasion crys out for vengeance. Although Muhammad rejected this belief it lived under Islam in various forms. [5]
Qur'an
Although over two hundred verses in the Qur'an deal with animals and six suras (chapters) of the Qur'an are named after the animals, animal life is not a predominant theme in the Qur'an. Sura (sometimes spelt "Surah" ar سورة, plural "Suwar" ar سور is an Arabic term literally meaning "something enclosed or surrounded [6] The Arabic term for the "animal" (i. e. haywan) in its only one appearance in the Qur'an means "the true life" and refers to the life in the next world rather than to "animal". [5][6] On the other hand, the Qur'an uses the term dābba which is not typically used in medieval Arabic works on zoology. However, animals are not a major theme of the Qur'an, nor are they described in detail. Animals are usually seen in relation to humans. This has created a tendency towards anthropocentrism. [6]
The Qur'an explicitly allows the eating of the meat of the animals (see Qur'an 5:1). The Qur’an ( القرآن, literally "the recitation" also sometimes transliterated as Qur’ān, Koran, Alcoran [2] Although some Sufis have practiced vegetarianism, but to date, there has been no serious discourse on the possibility of vegetarianism interpretations. Sufism ( تصوّف - taṣawwuf, Persian: صوفیگری sufigari, Turkish: tasavvuf, Urdu: تصوف [2]
The Qur'an applies the word "Muslim" not only to humans but also to animals and the inanimate world. "The divine will manifests itself in the form of laws both in human society and in the world of nature. In Islamic terminology, for example, a bee is a Muslim precisely because it lives and dies obeying the "shariah" that God has prescribed for the community of bees, just as a person is a Muslim by virtue of the fact that he or she submits to the revealed shariah ordained for humans in the Quran and Sunna. Sharia ( Arabic: ar شريعة) is the body of Islamic Religious law. [7]
Although the Qur'an considers humans to occupy the highest place, it nevertheless strongly enjoins Muslims to treat animals with compassion and not to abuse them. The Qur'an states that all creation praises God, even if this praise is not expressed in human language (e. g. see Qur'an 17:44). The Qur’an ( القرآن, literally "the recitation" also sometimes transliterated as Qur’ān, Koran, Alcoran [2] In verse Qur'an 6:38, the Qur'an applies the term "ummah", generally used to mean "a human religious community", for genera of animals. The Qur’an ( القرآن, literally "the recitation" also sometimes transliterated as Qur’ān, Koran, Alcoran Ummah (أمة is an Arabic word meaning Community or Nation. It is commonly used to mean either the collective nation of states, or (in the Encyclopedia of the Quran states that this verse have been "far reaching in its moral and ecological implications. The Encyclopaedia of the Qur'an ( EQ) is a scholarly work with essays on the most important themes and subjects and an encyclopaedic dictionary of Qur'an terms concepts "[8]
There is not an animal (that lives) on the earth, nor a being that flies on its wings, but (forms part of) communities like you. Nothing have we omitted from the Book, and they (all) shall be gathered to their Lord in the end. Qur'an 6:38
Sunnah
Sunnah refer to the traditional biographies of Muhammad wherein the example of his conduct and sayings attributed to him have been recorded. The Qur’an ( القرآن, literally "the recitation" also sometimes transliterated as Qur’ān, Koran, Alcoran Sunnah ar (سنة plural سنن Sunan literally means “trodden path” and therefore the sunnah of the prophet means “the way and the manners of the prophet” Sunni and Shi'a hadith differ vastly, with Shi'a hadith generally contain more anthropomorphism and praise of animals.
Treatment of animals
It is forbidden to cage animals, to beat them unnecessarily, to brand them on the face, or to allow them to fight each other for human entertainment. "They must not be mutilated while they are alive. "[9]
He is also reported to have said: "There is no man who kills [even] a sparrow or anything smaller, without its deserving it, but Allah will question him about it [on the judgment day]," and "Whoever is kind to the creatures of God is kind to himself. The "true sparrows" the Old World sparrows in the family Passeridae, are small Passerine Birds Generally sparrows tend to be "[2][10]
A Hadith is reported from Muhammad that he issued advice to kill the sinful (fawasiq) animal within the holy area (haram) of Mecca, such as the rat and the scorpion. Hadith ( ar الحديث, pl aḥadīth; lit. "narrative" are oral Traditions relating to the words and deeds of the Islamic Fasiq (فاسق Pluralفاسقين Fasiqeen is an Arabic term referring to someone who violates Islamic law. The Arabic term ḥaram has a meaning of "sanctuary" or "holy site" in Islam. Mecca ˈmɛkə also spelled Makkah ˈmækə (in full Makkah Al-Mukarramah (Arabic mækːæ(t ælmʊkarˑamæ مكّة المكرمة, literally Honored Killing animals that are non-domesticated such as zebras and birds in this area is forbidden. [11]
Views regarding particular animals
Birds
Birds in Islamic literature are commonly used and revered, especially in Sufi tradition where they are a metaphor for the soul's divine journey to God, such as in The Conference of the Birds. The term peafowl refers to Gallinaceous Birds classified within the genera Rheinardia Argusianus Afropavoand Pavo Islamic literature refers to literature written with an Islamic perspective in any language Sufism ( تصوّف - taṣawwuf, Persian: صوفیگری sufigari, Turkish: tasavvuf, Urdu: تصوف In the Shi'a book of hadith, Nahj al-Balagha, an entire sermon is dedicated to praising peacocks. The Nahj al-Balagha ( Arabic: نهج البلاغة "Peak of Eloquence" is the most famous collections of Shi'a hadith, attributed to Ali Peacocks may refer to Peafowl Peacocks (retailer [12]
Dogs
The majority of both Sunni and Shi'a Muslim jurists consider dogs to be ritually unclean, though jurists from the Sunni Maliki school disagree. The dog ( Canis lupus familiaris) is a domesticated Subspecies of the gray wolf, a Mammal of the Canidae family of the order The dog ( Canis lupus familiaris) is a domesticated Subspecies of the gray wolf, a Mammal of the Canidae family of the order The Maliki Madhhab ( Arabic مالكي) is one of the four schools of Fiqh or religious law within Sunni Islam [13] However, outside their ritual uncleanness, Islamic fatwas, or rulings, enjoin that dogs be treated kindly or else be freed. A fatwā (فتوى plural fatāwā فتاوى in the Islamic faith is a religious opinion on Islamic law issued by an [14]
Muslims generally cast dogs in a negative light because of their ritual impurity. The story of the Seven Sleepers of Ephesus in the Qur'an (and also role of the dog in early Christianity) is one of the striking exceptions. The Roman Martyrology mentions the Seven Sleepers of Ephesus under the date of 27 July, as follows "Commemoration of the seven Holy Sleeper of [15] Muhammad didn't like dogs according to Sunni tradition, and most practicing Muslims do not have dogs as pets. Sunni Islam is the largest denomination of Islam. Sunni Islam is also referred to as Ahl as-Sunnah wa’l-Jamā‘h (Arabic [9] It is said that angels do not enter a house which contains a dog. Though dogs are not allowed for pets, they are allowed to be kept if used for work, such as guarding your house or farm, or when used for hunting purposes.
According to a generally unaccepted Sunni tradition attributed to Muhammad, black dogs are evil, or even devils, in animal form. This report reflects the pre-Islamic Arab mythology and the vast majority of Muslim jurists viewed it to be falsely attributed to Muhammad. [13]
Another Sunni tradition attributed to Muhammad commands Muslims not trade or deal in dogs. [16] According to El Fadl, this shows the cultural biases against dogs as a source of moral danger. [13] However, the Hanafi scholars, the largest school of ritual law in Sunni Islam, allow all trading in dogs.
According to one story, Muhammad is said to have informed a prostitute who had seen a thirsty dog hanging about a well and given it water to drink. Prostitution is the act of performing Sexual activity in exchange for Money. Allah forgave her because of that good deed. Sahih Bukhari 4.56.673 [9]
In a tradition found in the Sunni hadith book, al-Muwatta, Muhammad states that the company of dogs voids a portion of a Muslim’s good deeds. [17]
Dogs, outside the ritual legal discourse, were often portrayed in the literature as a symbol of highly esteemed virtues such as self-sacrifice and loyalty or on the other hand as an oppressive instrument in the hands of despotic and unjust rulers. [13]
The historian Montgomery Watt states that Muhammad's kindness to animals was remarkable for the social context of his upbringing. William Montgomery Watt ( 14 March 1909 – 24 October 2006) was an Emeritus Professor in Arabic and Islamic He cites an instance of Muhammed posting sentries to ensure that a female dog with newborn puppies was not disturbed by his army traveling to Mecca in the year 630. [18]
Camels, sheep, and cats
Muhammad's camel, Qaswa, was very dear to him. WikipediaManual of Style (spelling, articles should conform to one overall spelling style of English typically the one most linked to the article topic (if it is geographic Camels are Even-toed ungulates within the Genus Camelus. The Dromedary, one-humped or Arabian camel has a single hump and the Camels are Even-toed ungulates within the Genus Camelus. The Dromedary, one-humped or Arabian camel has a single hump and the [19] Cats were especially loved by Muhammad, he himself is said to have had least one cat called Muezza[2]. WikipediaManual of Style (spelling, articles should conform to one overall spelling style of English typically the one most linked to the article topic (if it is geographic Muezza (or Mu'izza) ( is said to have been the Islamic prophet Muhammad 's favorite cat It is said he loved cats so much that "he would do without his cloak rather than disturb one that was sleeping on it. "[19]
Muhammad is reported as having reprimanded some men who were sitting idly on their camels in a marketplace, saying "either ride them or leave them alone". [2][10]
Muhammad prided himself in being part of a rich tradition of prophets who found their means of livelihood as being shepherds. [20]
Hyenas, bats, geckos, reptiles, and insects
In Muslim culture and literature some animals such as hyenas, bats, geckos, snakes, and other reptiles as well as insects are considered to represent ugliness, danger, viciousness, and power. The Hyaenidae is a Mammalian family of order Carnivora. The Hyaenidae family native to both African and Asian continents consists of four Geckos are small to average sized Lizards belonging to the family Gekkonidae which are found in warm climates throughout the world A snake is an elongate Reptile of the suborder Serpentes Like all reptiles snakes are covered in scales. Sometimes, the stances on them are ambivalent. [21] In Shi'a Hadith such as Nahj al-Balagha, bats are praised as a miracle of nature. The Nahj al-Balagha ( Arabic: نهج البلاغة "Peak of Eloquence" is the most famous collections of Shi'a hadith, attributed to Ali In Sunni Hadith literature, it is reported from Muhammad that he issued advice to kill the sinful (fawasiq) animal even within the holy area (haram) of Mecca. Hadith ( ar الحديث, pl aḥadīth; lit. "narrative" are oral Traditions relating to the words and deeds of the Islamic Fasiq (فاسق Pluralفاسقين Fasiqeen is an Arabic term referring to someone who violates Islamic law. The Arabic term ḥaram has a meaning of "sanctuary" or "holy site" in Islam. Mecca ˈmɛkə also spelled Makkah ˈmækə (in full Makkah Al-Mukarramah (Arabic mækːæ(t ælmʊkarˑamæ مكّة المكرمة, literally Honored [22] It is reported in Sunni tradition that Muhammad commanded geckos to be killed and called them 'little noxious creatures'. [23]
Pigs
According to many verses of the Quran, (Qur'an 2:173, Qur'an 6:145) the consumption of pork is forbidden. Pigs, also called hogs or' swine', are Ungulates which have been domesticated as sources of food leather and similar products since ancient times The Qur’an ( القرآن, literally "the recitation" also sometimes transliterated as Qur’ān, Koran, Alcoran The Qur’an ( القرآن, literally "the recitation" also sometimes transliterated as Qur’ān, Koran, Alcoran Pork' is the Culinary name for Meat from the domestic Pig ( Sus scrofa) often specifically the fresh meat but can be used as an all-inclusive [24]
Conversation with animals
In both Sunni and Shi'a accounts, Muhammad is said to have conversed nonchalantly with camels, birds and other species. Sunni Islam is the largest denomination of Islam. Sunni Islam is also referred to as Ahl as-Sunnah wa’l-Jamā‘h (Arabic IMPORTANT PLEASE READ ##### For all questions relating to the addition of (pbuh peace be upon him or other honorifics Shi'a accounts also extend this to include the Imams. Imāmah (إمامة is the Shī‘ah doctrine of religious spiritual and political leadership of the Ummah. In one account, a camel is said to have come to Muhammad and complained that despite service to his owner, the animal was about to be killed. Muhammad summoned the owner and ordered the man to spare the camel. [25] There are also accounts in Surah an-Naml in the Qur'an of Solomon talking to ants [Qur'an 27:18] and birds [Qur'an 27:20], and the Twelver and Ismaili Shi'a Imams declared that they could communicate with anything that had a soul. Sura (sometimes spelt "Surah" ar سورة, plural "Suwar" ar سور is an Arabic term literally meaning "something enclosed or surrounded Surah Al-Naml (سورة النمل (The Ant The Ants is the 27th sura of the Qur'an with 93 Ayat. Sulayman ( circa 985 BC - 932 BC, (سليمان is a prophet in the Qur'an who is known as King Solomon from the Bible. The Qur’an ( القرآن, literally "the recitation" also sometimes transliterated as Qur’ān, Koran, Alcoran The Qur’an ( القرآن, literally "the recitation" also sometimes transliterated as Qur’ān, Koran, Alcoran See also Shi'a Islam Twelver Shi'ism ( ar اثنا عشرية Ithnāˤashariyyah) is the largest branch of Shi'a branch of Islam For the Egyptian city see Ismaïlia. The Ismāʿīlī ( Urdu: إسماعیلی Ismāʿīlī, Arabic: الإسماعيليون
Hunting and slaughter
Muslims are required to sharpen the blade when slaughtering animals. Dhabīḥah (ar ذَبِيْحَة is the prescribed method of Ritual slaughter of all animals excluding fish and most sea-life per Islamic law [26] Muhammad is reported to have said:"For [charity shown to] each creature which has a wet heart (i. e. is alive), there is a reward. "[2] Muhammad opposed recreational hunting saying: "whoever shoots at a living creature for sport is cursed. "[2] He is also reported to have said: "There is no man who kills [even] a sparrow or anything smaller, without its deserving it, but Allah will question him about it [on the judgment day]," and "Whoever is kind to the creatures of God, is kind to himself. "[2][10]
Muslim culture
Usually in Muslim culture animals have names (one animal may be given several names), which are often interchangeable with names of people. Muslim names like asad and ghadanfar (Arabic for lion), shir and arslan (Persian and Turkish for lion, respectively) are common in the Muslim world. Arabic (ar الْعَرَبيّة (informally ar عَرَبيْ) in terms of the number of speakers is the largest living member of the Semitic language Prominents Muslims with animal names include: hamza bin abdulmuttalib (called "Asad Allah", God's lion), Abdul-Qadir Gilani (called "al-baz al-ashhab", the white falcon) and Lal Shahbaz Qalandar of Sehwan (called "red falcon"). Shaikh Sayyid 'Abd al-Qadir al-Jilani ( Persian / Urdu: عبد القادرگیلانی) (also spelled Abdelkader Abdul Qadir Abdul Khadir - Jilani Jeelani Jilali Hazrat Lal Shahbaz Qalandar (1177- Sehwan Sharif 1274 (لال شھباز قلندر a Sufi Saint, Philosopher, Poet Sehwan ( Urdu: سیہون) is located in Sindh province of Pakistan. [27]
Islamic literature contains many stories of animals. Arabic and Persian literature boast a large number of animal fables. The most famous, kalilah was Dimnah, translated into Arabic by Ibn al-Muqaffa in the 8th century, was also known in Europe. In the 12th century Shihab al-Din al-Suhrawadi wrote many short stories of animals. At about the same time, in north-Eastern Iran, Farid al-Din Attar composed the epic poem Mantiq al-Tayr (meaning "The Discourses of the Birds")[27].
Modern debates
The ritual method of slaughter as practiced in Islam and Judaism has been decried as inhumane by government-funded animal welfare authorities in the UK who have stated that it "causes severe suffering to animals. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located "[28][29] Cattle require up to two minutes to bleed to death when such means are employed, according to the Chairperson of the Farm Animal Welfare Council Judy MacArthur Clark. FAWC is an independent organisation set up to advise the UK government on issues regarding the welfare of farm animals in the UK She adds, "This is a major incision into the animal and to say that it doesn't suffer is quite ridiculous. " Majid Katme of the Muslim Council of Britain disagrees, stating that "[i]t's a sudden and quick haemorrhage. The Muslim Council of Britain ( MCB) is associated with the MCB Charitable Foundation a Voluntary association and a Registered charity (number A quick loss of blood pressure and the brain is instantaneously starved of blood and there is no time to start feeling any pain. "[29] This study is cited by the German Constitutional Court in its permitting of dhabiha slaughtering. The Federal Constitutional Court (in German: Bundesverfassungsgericht BVerfG) is a special Court established by the Basic Law for the Federal Republic [30] Muslims and Jews have also argued that the in the traditional British methods of slaughter, "animals are sometimes rendered physically immobile, although with full consciousness and sensation. The application of a sharp knife in shechita and dhabh, by contrast, ensures that no pain is felt: the wound inflicted is clean, and the loss of blood causes the animal to lose consciousness within seconds. "[31]
Notes
- ^ Encyclopedia of the Qur'an, Animal Life
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Encyclopedia of Religion and Nature, Islam, Animals, and Vegetarianism
- ^ a b Ghamidi (2001): The Dietary Laws
- ^ Esposito (2002b), p. 111
- ^ a b c Hayawān, Encyclopedia of Islam
- ^ a b c Animal life, Encyclopedia of the Qur'an
- ^ Encyclopedia of Science and Religion, Islam,p. 464
- ^ Encyclopedia of the Qur'an, Community and Society and Qur'an, Vol. The Encyclopaedia of the Qur'an ( EQ) is a scholarly work with essays on the most important themes and subjects and an encyclopaedic dictionary of Qur'an terms concepts 1, p. 371
- ^ a b c Susan J. Armstrong, Richard G. Botzler, The Animal Ethics Reader, p. 237, Routledge (UK) Press
- ^ a b c Encyclopedia of Islam, Haywan article, p. The Encyclopaedia of Islam ( EI) is the standard Encyclopaedia of the Academic discipline of Islamic studies. 308, vol. 3, p. 308
- ^ Jürgen Wasim Frembgen, Völkerkundemuseum. "The Scorpion in Muslim Folklore". Asian Folklore Studies, Volume 63, 2004: 95-123. Munich, Germany.
- ^ http://books.google.com/books?id=zQjKHj0vA1IC&pg=PA333&lpg=PA333&dq=nahjul'balagha+peacock&source=web&ots=AyG4YZBblI&sig=FHUnF72gCdDKIiypQ0WQSJ-r3dQ&hl=en#PPA334,M1
- ^ a b c d http://www.scholarofthehouse.org/dinistrandna.html Encyclopedia of Religion and Nature, s. v. "Dogs in the Islamic Tradition and Nature. " New York: Continuum International, forthcoming 2004. By: Dr. Khaled Abou El Fadl
- ^ ['Aalim Network QR] Dogs / Pets
- ^ David Gordon White, Encyclopedia of religion, Dog, p. 2393
- ^ Ahmad Ibn Shu‘ayb al-Nisa’i, Sunan al-Nisa’i (Beirut: Dar al-Kitab al-‘Arabi, n. d. ), 7: 309 (The commentaries by al-Suyuti and al-Sanadi are in the margins). Ibn Hajar al-‘Asqalani, Fath al-Bari, 4:426. All reported in El Fadl.
- ^ Malik Ibn Anas, al-Muwatta’ (Egypt: al-Babi al-Halabi, n. d. ), 2:969. Reported in El Fadl
- ^ Watt, Muhammad: Prophet and Statesman, Oxford University Press, 1961, [1]
- ^ a b Minou Reeves, Muhammad in Europe, New York University (NYU) Press, p. 52
- ^ see Shepherd
- ^ Jürgen Wasim Frembgen, Völkerkundemuseum. A shepherd is a person who tends to feeds or guards Sheep, especially in flocks "The Scorpion in Muslim Folklore". Asian Folklore Studies, Volume 63, 2004: 95-123. Munich, Germany.
- ^ Jürgen Wasim Frembgen, Völkerkundemuseum. "The Scorpion in Muslim Folklore". Asian Folklore Studies, Volume 63, 2004: 95-123. Munich, Germany.
- ^ Sahih Muslim; Chapter 35 Book 26, Number 5562
- ^ Esposito (2002b), p. 111
- ^ Foltz (2006), pg. 22-23
- ^ P. Aarne Vesilind, Alastair S. Gunn, Engineering, Ethics, and the Environment, Cambridge University Press, p. 301
- ^ a b Annemarie Schimmel. Islam and The Wonders of Creation: The Animal Kingdom. Al-Furqan Islamic Heritage Foundation, 2003. Pages 2-4
- ^ Halal killing may be banned | The Guardian | Guardian Unlimited
- ^ a b BBC NEWS | UK | Halal and Kosher slaughter 'must end'
- ^ Das Bundesverfassungsgericht
- ^ Gerald Parsons, The Growth of Religious Diversity: Britain from 1945, Routledge Press, p. 69
References
- El Fadl, Khaled Abou (2004). Encyclopedia of Religion and Nature, s. v. “Dogs in the Islamic Tradition and Nature. ” New York:. Continuum International.
- Foltz, Richard C. (2006). Animals in Islamic Tradition and Muslim Cultures. Oneworld Publications. ISBN 1-85168-398-4.
- Gill, H. A. R. . Shorter Enclyopaedia of Islam.
See also
External links
- Islam and dogs
- Muslim Group Supports Student’s Right to Service Dog
- The great Arab-Muslim-American dog story
- video regarding compasion for animals by late Imam B.A. Hafiz al-Masri, from the Woking Mosque in the United Kingdom
Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic