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Pre-European contact distribution of the Iroquoian languages.
Pre-European contact distribution of the Iroquoian languages.

The Iroquoian languages are a Native American language family. Native Americans in the United States are the indigenous peoples from the regions of North America now encompassed by the continental United States List of language familiesA language family is a group of Languages related by descent from a common ancestor called the Proto-language of that family The language family includes Mohawk, Huron-Wyandot and Cherokee. This article is about the language spoken by the Mohawk people for other uses see Mohawk. Wyandot is the Iroquoian language traditionally spoken by the people known variously as Wyandot, Wendat or Huron Cherokee (ᏣᎳᎩ Tsalagi) is an Iroquoian language spoken by the Cherokee people which uses a unique syllabary writing system

Every language in this family has at least one nasal vowel phoneme. A nasal consonant (also called nasal stop or nasal continuant) is produced with a lowered velum in the mouth allowing air to escape freely through the The phoneME project is Sun Microsystems reference implementation of Java virtual machine and associated libraries of Java ME with source licensed under the GNU Cherokee's is a nasal schwa, written in transliteration as 'v' (for example, "Hv?" sounds like "Huh?" nasalized, and means the same thing). In Linguistics, specifically Phonetics and Phonology, schwa can mean the following An unstressed and toneless neutral

Family division

The Iroquoian family comprises 11 languages:

Southern Iroquoian
1. Cherokee
Northern Iroquoian
Tuscarora-Nottoway
2. Cherokee (ᏣᎳᎩ Tsalagi) is an Iroquoian language spoken by the Cherokee people which uses a unique syllabary writing system Tuscarora
3. Tuscarora, sometimes called Skarure(h/ʔ, is an Iroquoian language of the Tuscarora people, spoken in southern Ontario, Canada Nottoway
Huronian
4. The Nottoway, "adders" in their own language Cheroenhaka ( Čiruˀęhá•ka•ˀ in Tuscarora) "fork of a stream" are an Iroquoian Neutral
5. The Neutrals, also known as the Attawandaron, were an Iroquoian nation of North American native people who lived near the shores of Lake Ontario Huron-Wyandot
Five Nations and Susquehannock
6. "Huron" redirects here For other uses see Huron (disambiguation. Wyandot is the Iroquoian language traditionally spoken by the people known variously as Wyandot, Wendat or Huron The Iroquois Confederacy (also known as the "League of Peace and Power" the "Five Nations" the "Six Nations" or the "People of the Longhouse The Susquehannock people were natives of areas adjacent to the Susquehanna River and its Tributaries from the southern part of what is now New York Seneca
7. Seneca (in Seneca Onödowága or Onötowáka) is the language of the Seneca people, one of the Six Nations of the Iroquois League Cayuga
8. Cayuga (In Cayuga Gayogohónǫ’) is a Northern Iroquoian language of the Iroquois Proper (also known as "Five Nations Iroquois Susquehannock
9. The Susquehannock people were natives of areas adjacent to the Susquehanna River and its Tributaries from the southern part of what is now New York Onondaga
Mohawk-Oneida
10. Onondaga Nation Language ( Onöñda’gega’ ( IPA /onũtaʔkekaʔ/ "People of the Hills" is the language of the Onondaga First Nation Oneida
11. Oneida is an Iroquoian language spoken primarily by the Oneida people in the U Mohawk

What has been called the Laurentian language appears to be actually more than one dialect or language. This article is about the language spoken by the Mohawk people for other uses see Mohawk. Laurentian, or St Lawrence Iroquoian, was an Iroquoian language spoken until the late 16th century along the shores of the St

In 1649 the tribes constituting the Huron and Petun confederations were displaced by war parties from Five Nations villages (Mithun 1985). "Huron" redirects here For other uses see Huron (disambiguation. The Petun or Tionontati were an Iroquoian-speaking people whose homeland was located in the area immediately to the west of the territory of the Huron Confederacy Many of the survivors went on to form the Wyandot tribe. "Huron" redirects here For other uses see Huron (disambiguation. Ethnographic and linguistic field work with the Wyandot (Barbeau 1960) yielded enough documentation to be able to make some characterizations of the Huron and Petun languages.

The languages of the tribes that constituted the Neutral and the Erie confederations were very poorly documented. The Neutrals, also known as the Attawandaron, were an Iroquoian nation of North American native people who lived near the shores of Lake Ontario The Erie (also Erieehronon, Eriechronon, Riquéronon, Erielhonan, Eriez, Nation du Chat) were an Iroquoian pre- These groups were called Atiwandaronk meaning 'they who understand the language' by the Huron, and thus are historically grouped with them. "Huron" redirects here For other uses see Huron (disambiguation.

The group known as the Meherrin were neighbors to the Tuscarora and the Nottoway (Binford 1967)and may have spoken an Iroquoian language, but there is not enough data to determine this with certainty. The Meherrin Nation is one of eight state-recognized Nations of Native Americans in North Carolina.

The Huronian languages, Nottoway, and Susquehannock are all now extinct. According to some definitions an extinct language is a Language which no longer has any speakers, whereas a dead language is a language which is no longer spoken

Distant relationships

Some linguists group the Iroquoian languages with the Siouan languages as the Macro-Siouan family, but this larger family is not recognized by a consensus of linguists. The Siouan (aka Siouan proper, Western Siouan) languages are a Native American Language family of North America, and the The Macro-Siouan languages are a proposed Language family that would include the Siouan, Iroquoian, and Caddoan families

Bibliography

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