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Iridaceae is a family of plants in Order Asparagales, taking its name from the Irises. Plants are living Organisms belonging to the kingdom Plantae. The flowering plants or angiosperms ( Angiospermae or Magnoliophyta) are the most widespread group Liliopsida is a Botanical name for the class containing the family Liliaceae (or Lily Family Asparagales is an order of Flowering plants The order must include the family Asparagaceae, but other families included in the order have varied markedly Antoine Laurent de Jussieu ( April 12, 1748 - September 17, 1836) was a French Botanist, notable as the first to propose In Biological classification, family ( Latin In Biology, a tribe &mdashor infrafamily&mdashis a Taxonomic rank between family and Genus. Asparagales is an order of Flowering plants The order must include the family Asparagaceae, but other families included in the order have varied markedly It includes a number of other well known cultivated plants, such as the Freesia, the Gladiolus and the Crocus. Freesia (Ecklon ex Klatt is a Genus of 14-16 species of Flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, native to Africa. Gladiolus (from Latin, the Diminutive of gladius, a Sword) is a Genus of Flowering plants in the iris family CROCUS is a Research reactor at École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne in Switzerland, sometimes described as zero power but in fact limited
Members of this family are perennial plants, with a bulb, corm or rhizome. A perennial plant or perennial ( Latin per, "through" annus, "year" is a Plant that lives for more than A bulb is an underground vertical Shoot that has modified leaves (or thickened leaf bases that are used as Food Storage organs by A corm is a short vertical swollen underground Plant stem that serves as a Storage organ used by some plants to survive winter or other adverse conditions In Botany, a rhizome is a horizontal stem of a Plant that is usually found underground often sending out Roots and Shoots The plants grow erect, and have leaves that are generally grass-like, with a sharp central fold. Some examples of members of this family are the Blue Flag and Yellow Flag.
List of genera
Up to 80 genera have been recognised in the family, with a total of around 1500 species, world wide. The Afrotropic ecozone, and in particular South Africa, have the greatest diversity of genera. See Tropical Africa, Sub-Saharan Africa for other aspects The Afrotropic is one of the earth's eight Ecozones It includes An ecozone or biogeographic realm is the largest scale biogeographic division of the earth's surface based on the historic and evolutionary distribution patterns The Republic of South Africa (also known by other official names) is a country located at the southern tip of the continent of Africa The spice saffron comes from the stigma of the saffron crocus, Crocus sativus. Saffron ( Kurdish/Persian زَعْفَرَان is a Spice derived from the dried Stigma of the Flower of the saffron crocus ( Crocus sativus A gynoecium (from Ancient Greek gyne, "woman" is the Female reproductive part of a Flower. CROCUS is a Research reactor at École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne in Switzerland, sometimes described as zero power but in fact limited
Name and history
The family name is based on the genus Iris, the largest and best known genus in Europe. The genus Iris dates from 1753, when it was coined by Swedish botanist, Carl Linnaeus. Carl Linnaeus (Latinized as Carolus Linnaeus, also known after his ennoblement as, May 23 new style (13 May old style 1707 who laid the foundations for Its name derives from the Greek goddess, Iris, who carried messages from Olympus to earth along a rainbow, whose colours were seen by Linnaeus in the multi-hued petals of many of the species.
The family is currently divided into four subfamilies but the results from DNA analysis suggest that several more should be recognised:
Subfamily Isophysidoideae contains the single genus Isophysis, from Tasmania. It is the only member of the family with a superior ovary and has a star-like yellow to brownish flower. Subfamily Nivenioideae contains six genera from South Africa, Australia and Madagascar, including the only true shrubs in the family (Klattia, Nivenia and Witsenia) as well as the only myco-heterotroph (Geosiris). Myco-heterotrophy is a Symbiotic relationship between certain kinds of Plants and Fungi, in which the plant gets all or part of its food from Aristea is also a member of this subfamily. It is distinguished by having flowers in small, paired clusters among large bracts, slender styles that are divided into three slender branches and nectar (when present) produced from glands in the ovary walls. The flowers are always radially symmetrical, with separate tepals (petals) and the rootstock is a rhizome.
Subfamily Iridioideae is distributed throughout the range of the family and contains the large genera Iris and Moraea. UserPolbot. --> Moraea is a genus of Plants in family Iridaceae. It is the only subfamily that is represented in South America. The species have flowers in solitary clusters among large bracts, styles that are often petal-like or crested and nectar (when present) is produced from glands on the tepals. Most species have separate petals and the rootstock is usually a rhizome or rarely a bulb. The flowers are almost always radially symmetrical. Bobartia, Dietes and Ferraria belong to this subfamily. Dietes is a Genus of rhizomatous Plants of the family Iridaceae. Ferraria is a genus of 11 species of Monocotyledonous Flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, native to tropical and
Subfamily Ixioideae, which contains nearly two thirds of the species, is mostly African. This subfamily contains most of the familiar genera apart from Iris and Moraea, including Ixia, Gladiolus, Crocus, Freesia and Watsonia. UserPolbot. --> Moraea is a genus of Plants in family Iridaceae. The Genus Ixia consists of a number of Cormous plants native to South Africa from the Iridaceae family and Ixioideae subfamily Gladiolus (from Latin, the Diminutive of gladius, a Sword) is a Genus of Flowering plants in the iris family CROCUS is a Research reactor at École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne in Switzerland, sometimes described as zero power but in fact limited Freesia (Ecklon ex Klatt is a Genus of 14-16 species of Flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, native to Africa. It is easily recognised by bearing flowers in a spike-like inflorescence (sometimes solitary), with the tepals joined into a short or long tube. Nectar is produced from glands in the ovary wall and is secreted directly into the base of the floral tube. The flowers are either radially symmetrical or more usually bilaterally symmetrical and two-li
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