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Iqaluit
ᐃᖃᓗᐃᑦ
Aerial view of Iqaluit
Aerial view of Iqaluit
Flag of Iqaluit
Flag
Location of Iqaluit in Nunavut, Canada
Iqaluit
Location of Iqaluit in Nunavut, Canada
Coordinates: 63°44′55″N 68°31′11″W / 63.74861, -68.51972
Settled 1942
City status April 19, 2001
Government
 - Type Iqaluit Municipal Council
 - Mayor Elisapee Sheutiapik
Area [1]
 - Total 52. Events 1012 - Martyrdom of Alphege in Greenwich London. 1529 - At the Second Diet of Speyer Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. Elisapee Sheutiapik is the Incumbent Mayor of Iqaluit, Nunavut, Canada. Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. 34 km² (20. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of 2 sq mi)
Population (2006)[1]
 - Total 6,184
 - Density 118/km² (305. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 6/sq mi)
Time zone EST (UTC-5)
 - Summer (DST) EDT (UTC-4)
Canadian Postal code X0A 0H0, X0A 1H0
Area code(s) 867
Telephone Exchanges 222, 975, 979
NTS Map 025N10
GNBC Code OATRP
Website: http://www.city.iqaluit.nu.ca

Iqaluit (IPA: /ɨˈkæljuːɨt/; IPA: [iqaluit], ᐃᖃᓗᐃᑦ in Inuktitut syllabics) is the territorial capital and the largest community of the Canadian territory of Nunavut. The Eastern Time Zone ( ET) of the Western Hemisphere falls mostly along the east coast of North America and the west coast of South America UTC−5 is the Time offset used in the North American Eastern Time Zone during Standard time and in the North American Central Time Zone during Daylight saving time ( DST The Eastern Time Zone ( ET) of the Western Hemisphere falls mostly along the east coast of North America and the west coast of South America UTC−4 is the Time offset used in the Atlantic Standard Time Zone in Canada in winter and the North American Eastern Time Zone during Postal codes by province and territoryA Canadian postal code Nunavut and Northwest Territories - 6 FSAs A telephone numbering plan is a plan for allocating Telephone number ranges to countries regions areas and exchanges and to non-fixed telephone networks Area code 867 is the Area code for the three Canadian territories in the Arctic far north In the field of Telecommunications, a telephone exchange or telephone switch is a system of electronic components that connects telephone calls The National Topographic System or NTS (Système national de référence cartographique is the topographic system used by Canada for providing general Geographical Names Board of Canada is a national committee of the Canadian Government Department of National Resources which authorizes the names used on official The Inuktitut syllabary ( Inuktitut: ᑎᑎᕋᐅᓯᖅ ᓄᑖᖅ titirausiq nutaaq) is a Writing system (specifically an Abugida Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page The provinces and territories of Canada combine to make up the world's second largest country in total area. Nunavut (ˈnuːnəvʊt ( Inuktitut syllabics: ᓄᓇᕗᑦ is the largest and newest territory of Canada; it was separated officially from the Iqaluit is located on the south coast of Baffin Island at the head of Frobisher Bay. Baffin Island (ᕿᑭᖅᑖᓗᒃ Qikiqtaaluk, Île de Baffin Old Norse: Helluland) in the territory of Nunavut is the largest member Frobisher Bay is a relatively large inlet of the Labrador Sea in the southeastern corner of Baffin Island, Nunavut, Canada. As of the 2006 census the population was 6,184, an increase of 18. The Canada 2006 Census was a detailed enumeration of the Canadian population 1% from the 2001 census; it has the lowest population of any capital city in Canada. The Canada 2001 Census was a detailed enumeration of the Canadian population [1] Inhabitants of Iqaluit are called Iqalummiut (singular: Iqalummiuq). Prior to 1987 the community was named Frobisher Bay.

Contents

History

The Royal Canadian Mounted Police on parade in Iqaluit, Canada Day 1999.
The Royal Canadian Mounted Police on parade in Iqaluit, Canada Day 1999.

Founded in 1942 as an American airbase, Iqaluit's first permanent inhabitant was Nakasuk, an Inuk guide who helped American planners to choose the site. Year 1942 ( MCMXLII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (the link will display the full 1942 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Nakasuk ( Inuktitut syllabics: ᓇᑲᓱᒃ) was an Inuk who was born at a sealing camp near Pangnirtung, Nunavut in the Inuit (plural the singular Inuk, means "man" or "person" is a general term for a group of culturally similar Indigenous peoples inhabiting One of Iqaluit's elementary schools is named after Nakasuk. Long regarded as a campsite and fishing spot by the Inuit, the place chosen had traditionally been named Iqaluit - "many fish" in Inuktitut - but Canadian and American authorities baptised it Frobisher Bay, after the official name of the body of water it abuts. Inuktitut ( Inuktitut syllabics: iu-Cans ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ ( fonts required literally "like the Inuit") is the name of the varieties of

The Hudson's Bay Company moved its south Baffin operations to the neighbouring valley of Niaqunngut, officially called Apex, in 1949 to take advantage of the airfield. The population of Frobisher Bay increased rapidly during the construction of the Distant Early Warning Line (DEW line, a system of radar stations, see NORAD) in the mid-1950s. Hundreds of construction workers, military personnel, and administrative staff moved into the community, and several hundred Inuit followed to take advantage of the access to medical care and jobs the base provided. In 1957, 489 of the town's 1,200 residents were reported to be Inuit. After 1959, the Canadian government established permanent services at Frobisher Bay, including full-time doctors, a school and social services. The Inuit population grew rapidly in response, as the government encouraged Inuit to settle permanently in communities with government services.

The American military left Iqaluit in 1963, as ICBMs diminished the strategic value of the DEW line and Arctic airbases, but Frobisher Bay remained the government's administrative and logistical centre for much of the eastern Arctic. In 1964, the first elections were held for a community council, and in 1979 for the first mayor. The founding of the Gordon Robertson Educational Centre (now Inukshuk high school) in the early-1970s at Iqaluit confirmed the government's commitment to the community as an administrative centre. At the time of its founding, it was the sole high school operating in more than a seventh of Canadian territory.

On January 1, 1987, the name of this municipality was officially changed from "Frobisher Bay" to "Iqaluit" - aligning official usage with the name that the Inuit population had always used. New Year See also New Year The Ancient Romans began their consular year on January 1st since 153 BC Year 1987 ( MCMLXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link displays 1987 Gregorian calendar) In December 1995, Iqaluit was selected to serve as Nunavut's future capital in a territory-wide referendum, in which it was chosen over Rankin Inlet. The Nunavut capital plebiscite was held in the area of the Northwest Territories, Canada, that was to be split off into the new territory of Nunavut to Rankin Inlet ( Inuktitut: Kangiqiniq; Inuktitut syllabics: ᑲᖏᕿᓂᖅ or Kangirliniq ᑲᖏᖅᖠᓂᖅ On April 19, 2001 it was officially redesignated as a city. Events 1012 - Martyrdom of Alphege in Greenwich London. 1529 - At the Second Diet of Speyer Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar.

Timeline

Legislative Assembly of Nunavut building in Iqaluit
Legislative Assembly of Nunavut building in Iqaluit

Geography

Iqaluit is located in the Everett Mountains rising from Koojesse Inlet, an inlet of Frobisher Bay, on the south-east part of Baffin Island. Year 1949 ( MCMXLIX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1955 ( MCMLV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1955 Gregorian calendar) Year 1958 ( MCMLVIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Bell Canada, commonly shortened to "Bell" is a major Canadian Telecommunications company Year 1963 ( MCMLXIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1964 ( MCMLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the 1964 Gregorian calendar. Year 1970 ( MCMLXX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. Year 1976 ( MCMLXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1979 ( MCMLXXIX) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1979 Gregorian calendar) Year 1980 ( MCMLXXX) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1980 Gregorian calendar) Year 1982 ( MCMLXXXII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar) Year 1987 ( MCMLXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link displays 1987 Gregorian calendar) Year 1993 ( MCMXCIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar) The Nunavut Land Claim Agreement is a 1993 Land claims agreement between the Inuit of the Nunavut Settlement Area (then part of the Northwest Territories Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995 Events 527 - Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar) Events 1012 - Martyrdom of Alphege in Greenwich London. 1529 - At the Second Diet of Speyer Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. The Everett Mountains are a Mountain range located at Frobisher Bay on southern Baffin Island, Nunavut, Canada. Frobisher Bay is a relatively large inlet of the Labrador Sea in the southeastern corner of Baffin Island, Nunavut, Canada. Baffin Island (ᕿᑭᖅᑖᓗᒃ Qikiqtaaluk, Île de Baffin Old Norse: Helluland) in the territory of Nunavut is the largest member It is well to the east of Nunavut's mainland, and northeast of Hudson Bay. Nunavut (ˈnuːnəvʊt ( Inuktitut syllabics: ᓄᓇᕗᑦ is the largest and newest territory of Canada; it was separated officially from the

Communities

Apex

About 5 km south-east (63°43′48″N 068°26′48″W / 63.73, -68.44667 (Apex)) from Iqaluit's centre is the community of Apex, or in Inuktitut known as Niaqunngut. Inuktitut ( Inuktitut syllabics: iu-Cans ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ ( fonts required literally "like the Inuit") is the name of the varieties of It is located on a small peninsula separating Koojesse Inlet from Tarr Inlet. Historically Apex was the place where most Inuit lived when Iqaluit was a military site and off-limits to anyone not working at the base. Located here are the women's shelter, a church, a primary school, and a bed-and-breakfast.

Climate

Iqaluit has a typically arctic climate, with very cold winters and short summers that are too cool to permit the growth of trees. The Climate of the Arctic is characterized broadly by long cold winters and short cool summers Average monthly temperatures are below freezing for eight months of the year. [3]. Iqaluit's precipitation averages just over 400 millimetres annually, much wetter than many other localities in the Canadian Arctic islands, with the summer being the wettest season.

Iqaluit Climatological Data
Temperature
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Mean
Record high °C (°F) 4 (39) 4 (39) 4 (39) 7 (45) 13 (55) 22 (72) 26 (79) 26 (79) 17 (63) 7 (45) 6 (43) 4 (39)
Average high °C (°F) -23 (-9) -24 (-11) -19 (-2) -10 (14) -1 (30) 7 (45) 12 (54) 10 (50) 5 (41) -2 (28) -9 (16) -19 (-2) -6 (21)
Mean °C (°F) -27 (-17) -28 (-18) -24 (-11) -15 (5) -4 (25) 4 (39) 8 (46) 7 (45) 2 (36) -5 (23) -13 (9) -23 (-9) -10 (14)
Average low °C (°F) -31 (-24) -32 (-26) -29 (-20) -20 (-4) -8 (18) 0 (32) 4 (39) 3 (37) -0 (32) -8 (18) -18 (-0) -27 (-17) -14 (7)
Record low °C (°F) -45 (-49) -46 (-51) -45 (-49) -34 (-29) -26 (-15) -10 (14) -3 (27) -3 (27) -13 (9) -27 (-17) -36 (-33) -43 (-45)
Precipitation and Sunshine Hours
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Total
Total mm (in) 21 (0. 8) 15 (0. 6) 22 (0. 9) 28 (1. 1) 27 (1. 1) 35 (1. 4) 59 (2. 2) 66 (2. 6) 55 (2. 2) 37 (1. 5) 29 (1. 1) 18 (0. 7) 412 (16. 2)
Rainfall mm (in) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 3 (0. 1) 25 (1. 0) 59 (2. 3) 65 (2. 6) 42 (1. 7) 5 (0. 2) 1 (0) 0 (0) 198 (7. 8)
Snowfall cm (in) 23 (9. 1) 16 (6. 3) 25 (9. 8) 32 (12. 6) 25 (9. 8) 10 (3. 9) 0 (0) 1 (0. 4) 14 (5. 5) 35 (13. 8) 32 (12. 6) 22 (8. 7) 236 (92. 9)
Sunshine hours 34 98 170 224 194 197 218 170 89 54 40 19 1506
Data recorded at Iqaluit Airport for Environment Canada. Iqaluit Airport serves Iqaluit, Nunavut, Canada and is located adjacent to the town Average data recorded over a 30 year span from 1971 to 2000. Year 1971 ( MCMLXXI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1971 Gregorian calendar. 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar.

Demographics

Canada Day celebrations in Iqaluit, 1999.
Canada Day celebrations in Iqaluit, 1999.

The 2001 Census reported that in Iqaluit 85. Inuktitut ( Inuktitut syllabics: iu-Cans ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ ( fonts required literally "like the Inuit") is the name of the varieties of Inuinnaqtun is an indigenous language of Canada. It is related very closely to Inuktitut, and many people believe that Inuinnaqtun is only a dialect of Inuktitut 6% of the aboriginal population understood aboriginal languages whilst 91. 9% had a knowledge of it. [5]

Notable Iqalummiut

Transportation

See also: Iqaluit Public Transit
Iqaluit Airport
Iqaluit Airport

Iqaluit has the distinction of being the smallest Canadian capital in terms of population and the only capital that cannot be accessed from the rest of Canada via a highway. Abe "Abraham" Okpik CM, ( 12 January, 1929 - 10 July, 1997) was instrumental in helping Inuit obtain surnames A surname project is a Genetic genealogy project which uses Genealogical DNA tests to trace male lineage Edward (Ed Walter Picco (born September 21, 1961 in Portugal Cove-St Annabella Piugattuk (born December 19 1982 in Iqaluit Nunavut, Canada) is a Canadian Actress, notable for her role in Hunter Tootoo (born August 18, 1963) is a politician in Nunavut, Canada. Sheila Watt-Cloutier OC (born 2 December 1953) is a Canadian Inuit activist. Iqaluit Public Transit system operated from 2002 to 2005 to provide public transportation in Iqaluit, Nunavut, Canada. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Before adding any more images to this * * page please do carefully consider * * whether they would be mere decoration * * or actually improve Located on an island remote from the Canadian highway system, Iqaluit is generally only accessible by aircraft and, subject to ice conditions, by boat. Iqaluit Airport is a fully modern facility whose originally World War II-era runway is more than long enough for most classes of modern jet. Iqaluit Airport serves Iqaluit, Nunavut, Canada and is located adjacent to the town A jet aircraft is an Aircraft propelled by Jet engines Jet aircraft fly much faster than Propeller -powered aircraft and at higher altitudes -- as high as Although there is a persistent rumour that Iqaluit is an emergency landing site for the Space Shuttle, this is false. NASA 's Space Shuttle, officially called the Space Transportation System ( STS) is the Spacecraft currently used by the United States [6] Iqaluit Airport is a centre for cold-weather testing of new aircraft, such as the Airbus A380 in February 2006. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout

In the middle of summer, a few ships — generally no larger than a Liberty class vessel — transport bulk and heavy goods to the city. History and service In 1936 the American Merchant Marine Act was passed to subsidize the annual construction of 50 commercial merchant vessels to be used in wartime by Iqaluit does not have a deep water harbour, so goods must be barged ashore, or the ship may be beached at high tide and the goods unloaded when the tide goes out. The city is currently planning a deepwater port[1].

Iqaluit stop sign
Iqaluit stop sign

It is in principle possible to reach Iqaluit on foot or by dog sled or snowmobile, both from other parts of Baffin Island and from the Quebec mainland when Hudson Strait freezes. Hudson Strait links the Atlantic Ocean to Hudson Bay in Canada. This was how the Inuit traditionally travelled, and how they still do sometimes, but it is not advised for anyone who is not experienced in Arctic travel.

Iqaluit has a local road system only stretching from the nearby community of Apex to the Sylvia Grinnell Territorial Park Reserve, a kilometre west of town. Iqaluit currently has no public transportation, however there is city-wide taxi service. (There was bus service in the city before, but lack of riders forced the closure of the service. ) Although a growing number of people have personal automobiles, the cost of shipping them and the wear-and-tear of the harsh Arctic climate and notoriously rough roadways mean that snowmobiles are the preferred form of personal transportation. A snowmobile (known locally as snowmachine, snowsled or by the Brandname Ski-Doo) is a land vehicle that is commonly propelled by Nevertheless, the ever-increasing number of personal automobiles is beginning to create traffic problems at peak times. All-terrain vehicles are also an increasingly common form of transportation in most of the Canadian Arctic. An all-terrain vehicle (ATV is defined by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI as a vehicle that travels on low pressure tires with a seat that is straddled by Snowmobiles are extensively used to travel both within the city and in the surrounding area. In winter, dog sleds are still used, however this is primarily recreational. In winter, the nearby Qaummaarviit Territorial Historic Park and the more remote Katannilik Territorial Park are only accessible by snowmobile, dog sled or foot. In the summer, both are accessible by boat.

Both residents and businesses identify their locations mostly by building number, and occasionally by the name of a prominent structure. Residents must know where in the city certain building numbers are located; numbers tend to be aggregated in blocks, so a person might say that they live "in the 2600s" (twenty-six hundreds). Around 2003, street names were adopted, although there were delays in finalising them and then posting the signs. Street numbers have not been assigned, and building numbers continue to be used.

Architecture and attractions

Much of Iqaluit's architecture is functional — designed to minimize material costs, while retaining heat and withstanding the climate. Early architecture runs from the 1950s military barracks of the original DEW line installation, through the 1970s white hyper-modernist fibreglass block of the Nakasuk elementary school, to the lines of the steel-reinforced concrete high-rise complex on the hill above it. The 1950s Decade refers to the years of 1950 to 1959 inclusive This article is about the Decade 1970-1979 For the Year 1970 see 1970. Fiberglass (also called fibreglass and glass fibre see Spelling differences) is material made from extremely fine Fibers of Glass. The newer buildings are more colourful and diverse, and closer to the norms of southern architecture, but largely unremarkable.

The principal exception is the Nunavut Legislative Assembly Building, which is remarkable for its colourful interior, adorned with some of the very best in Inuit art. The Legislative Assembly of Nunavut is located in Iqaluit, and is the territory's Parliament.

St. Jude's Anglican Cathedral
St. Jude's Anglican Cathedral

Another distinctive building was St. Jude's Anglican Cathedral which was a white building shaped like an igloo. St Jude's Cathedral (formally the Cathedral of St Simon and St St Jude's Cathedral (formally the Cathedral of St Simon and St An igloo ( Inuit language: iglu, Inuktitut syllabics: ᐃᒡᓗ "house" plural iglooit or igluit, but in English Originally built by the parishioners, the altar was shaped like a traditional Inuit sled, and the cross composed of two crossed narwhal tusks. The Narwhal ( Monodon monoceros) is an Arctic species of Cetacean. An incident of arson severely affected the Cathedral structure and interior on 5 November 2005,[7] and it was finally demolished on June 1, 2006. Events 1499 - Publication of the Catholicon in Treguier ( Brittany) Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 193 - Roman Emperor Didius Julianus is Assassinated 987 - Hugh Capet is elected Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Fundraising is in hand for rebuilding the Cathedral. On a ridge overlooking the city is the distinctive blue and white Inuksuk High School. Inuksuk High School is the high school of Iqaluit, the capital of the Canadian territory of Nunavut. The school is made up of four square sections joined together that give a clover leaf shape when viewed from the air.

The city is also the location of the Nunatta Sunakkutaangit Museum, which houses a large collection of Inuit and Arctic objects.

Just west of Iqaluit is the Sylvia Grinnell Territorial Park Reserve. This park is characterised by the valley of the Sylvia Grinnell River. A small visitor's centre with viewing platform is located on top of a hill overlooking scenic falls in the river.

Nearby on an island near the Peterhead inlet, is the Qaummaarviit Territorial Historic Park. It is a site with a long Inuit history and numerous artifacts have been recovered, including the remains of 11 semi-buried sod houses.

A little farther, across Frobisher Bay, are the Katannilik Territorial Park and the Soper Heritage River Park. Soper River (locally known as the Kuujuaq) is a river in Baffin Island, Nunavut, Canada, located at.

Media

Radio
Television

References

  1. ^ a b c Canada 2006 census
  2. ^ Iqaluit Wins the Capital Plebiscite. CFRT-FM is a Canadian Radio station, broadcasting at 1073 FM in Iqaluit, Nunavut. Community radio is a type of Radio service that caters to the interests of a certain area broadcasting material that is popular to a local audience but is overlooked by more French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people CFFB is the Television call sign for the CBC 's Television transmitter in Iqaluit, Nunavut. CBC North is the name for the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation 's radio and television service in the Canadian Arctic. Aboriginal Peoples Television Network (more commonly referred to as APTN) is a Canadian broadcast and cable Television network. CBFT is the flagship station of Télévision de Radio-Canada, the French language Television network of the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation Télévision de Radio-Canada is a Canadian French language Television network. Nunatisaq News (December 15, 1995). Events 533 - Byzantine general Belisarius defeats the Vandals, commanded by King Gelimer, at the Battle of Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995 Retrieved on 2006-07-30. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1419 - First Defenestration of Prague. 1502 - Christopher Columbus lands at Guanaja in the Bay Islands off
  3. ^ Canadian Climate Normals - Iqaluit
  4. ^ a b c Canada 2001 Census
  5. ^ Canada 2001 Census Aboriginal data
  6. ^ List of Space Shuttle emergency landing sites at GlobalSecurity.org
  7. ^ CBC News. Cathedral fire

Further reading

External links

Coordinates: 63°44′55″N 068°31′11″W / 63.74861, -68.51972

A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system.

Dictionary

Iqaluit

-proper noun

  1. Capital of the territory of Nunavut (Canada).
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