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Ioan Slavici (January 18, 1848 – August 17, 1925) was a Transylvanian-born Romanian writer and journalist. Events 350 - Generallus Magnentius deposes Roman Emperor Constans and proclaims himself Emperor Year 1848 ( MDCCCXLVIII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap Events 986 - A Byzantine army was destroyed in the pass of Trajan's Gate by the Bulgarians under the Comitopuli Year 1925 ( MCMXXV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Transylvania (Ardeal or ro ''Transilvania'' Erdély, see also other denominations) is a Central European region located in the eastern half of the Carpathian The Romanians (dated Rumanians or Roumanians; Romanian: români or historically and today rather seldom and only regional rumâni A journalist (also called a newspaperman) is a person who practices Journalism, the gathering and dissemination of information about current events trends

Contents

Early life

Slavici was born in the village of Şiria, near Arad, in 1848, the Revolutionary year throughout Europe, with ramifications in Transylvania (then part of the Austrian Empire). Şiria ( German: Hellburg, Hungarian: Világos) is a village with 8140 inhabitants in 2002 in Arad County, Romania Arad (pronunciation in Romanian: /a'rad/ Hungarian: Arad; Serbian: Арад Arad) is the capital city of Arad County Year 1848 ( MDCCCXLVIII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap The European Revolutions of 1848, known in some countries as the Spring of Nations or the Year of Revolution, were a series of political upheavals throughout the European For the history of these states before 1804 see Holy Roman Empire, Habsburg Monarchy, and articles on each of the component countries. Until 1868, Slavici studied at local Orthodox school and various other institutions in Transylvania, being taught in either Hungarian or German, as teaching in Romanian was strictly forbidden. Year 1868 ( MDCCCLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap The Romanian Orthodox Church ( Biserica Ortodoxă Română in Romanian) is a Autocephalous Eastern Orthodox church Hungarian ( magyar nyelv) is a Uralic language (more specifically a Ugric language) unrelated to most other languages in Europe. The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. Romanian or Daco-Romanian ( dated: Rumanian or Roumanian; self designation limba română, ˈlimba roˈmɨnə is a Romance

When he finished his studies, Slavici left Transylvania for Budapest, where he intended to study law. Budapest ( also /ˈbʊ-/) is the capital city of Hungary. As the largest city of Hungary it serves as the country's principal Political, Jurisprudence is the Theory and Philosophy of Law. Scholars of jurisprudence or legal philosophers hope to obtain a deeper understanding of the nature The following year, however, financial difficulties forced him to return home and take a job as a notary public. A notary public is an officer who can administer Oaths and Statutory Declarations Witness and authenticate documents Throughout his employment, Ioan Slavici saved the money that would help him continue his studies.

Junimea

In 1871, he left for Vienna as part of his military service. Year 1871 ( MDCCCLXXI) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Vienna ( in Wien; see also other names) is the Capital of Austria, and is also one of the nine States of Austria. The Austro-Hungarian Army was the ground force of the Austro-Hungarian Dual Monarchy (1867 - 1918 This proved to be a decisive moment in the life of the future writer, as Slavici had a chance to meet Mihai Eminescu, the most important Romanian poet, who was studying at the city University. The University of Vienna (Universität Wien is a Public university located in Vienna, Austria. The two became good friends, with Eminescu encouraging and assisting Slavici in the development of his style and of the works themselves. The same year marked Slavici's literary debut in Convorbiri Literare, the mouthpiece of the Junimea society in Iaşi. Junimea was a Romanian Literary society founded in Iaşi in 1863 through the initiative of several foreign-educated personalities led by Iaşi (pronunciation in Romanian: /jaʃʲ/ or Jassy, is a city and municipality in north-eastern Romania.

In 1872, Slavici again had to interrupt his studies because of financial difficulties. Year 1872 ( MDCCCLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year Two years later, he left Austria-Hungary and moved to Iaşi, where he took part in the Junimea gatherings. In 1874 the Ioan Slavici Classical Theatre was established in his town of Arad. Year 1874 ( MDCCCLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The Ioan Slavici Classical Theatre is a Theatre in the city of Arad in north-west Romania. His first book, Nuvele din popor, a collection of short stories, was published in 1881. The short story is a literary genre of Fictional Prose Narrative that tends to be more concise and to the point than longer works of fiction such Year 1881 ( MDCCCLXXXI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common It included Moara cu noroc and Budulea Taichii, two of Slavici's most well-known and crafted works.

Prisons and return to Romania

In 1882, he was selected as a corresponding member of the Romanian Academy. Year 1882 ( MDCCCLXXXII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The Romanian Academy ( Romanian: Academia Română) is a cultural forum founded in Romania in 1866. In 1884, Slavici moved back to Transylvania, becoming actively involved in the Romanian national movement, serving as a member of the Central Committee of the Romanian National Party, the main political forum of Romanians in the region. Year 1884 ( MDCCCLXXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year The Romanian National Party ( Romanian: Partidul Naţional Român, PNR) initially known as the Romanian National Party in Transylvania and Banat Hungarian authorities sentenced Slavici to one year in prison for his nationalist stance. The term nationalism can refer to an Ideology, a sentiment, a form of Culture, or a Social movement that focuses on the Nation This was the first of many short stays in prison in Slavici's life (not all of them connected with his political attitudes - some where the outcome of lawsuits against other journalists).

Six years later, he moved to Bucharest and, in 1894, he began publishing the first parts of his most famous novel, Mara, which was published as a single volume 12 years later. Bucharest ( Romanian: Bucureşti) is the Capital city, industrial and commercial centre of Romania. Year 1894 ( MDCCCXCIV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common This is also the period of his activities as editor of Vatra magazine, alongside George Coşbuc and Ion Luca Caragiale. The Vatra Literary magazine was founded in 1885 by Ion Luca Caragiale, George Coşbuc and Ioan Slavici and was published George Coşbuc ( September 20 1866, Hordou nowadays Coşbuc in Bistriţa-Năsăud County &mdash May 9 1918, Ion Luca Caragiale ( February 1, 1852 &ndash July 9, 1912) was a Romanian Playwright and Short story writer

World War I and later years

In 1909, Slavici began work for the pro-German newspaper Ziua. Year 1909 ( MCMIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting The German Empire is the name commonly used in English to describe Germany from 1871 to 1918 when it was a semi- Constitutional monarchy: beginning with the Unification Ziua ( The Day in Romanian) is a major Romanian daily newspaper published in Bucharest. With the outbreak of World War I, his attitude brought him into conflict with other intellectuals who supported the Triple Entente powers. World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All An intellectual (from the adjective meaning "involving thought and reason" is a person who tries to use his or her Intelligence and analytical thinking, The Triple Entente (" entente " — French for "agreement" was the name given to the loose alignment of the United Kingdom, the On August 14, 1916, Romania entered the War on the Entente side, and had most of its territory (including Bucharest) occupied by the German, Austro-Hungarian and Bulgarian troops in the summer of 1917. Events 1183 - Taira no Munemori and the Taira clan take the young Emperor Antoku and the three sacred treasures Year 1916 ( MCMXVI) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year The Treaty of San Stefano of March 3, 1878 provided for a self-governing Bulgarian state which comprised the geographical regions of Moesia Year 1917 ( MCMXVII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year

The Romanian legitimate government took refuge in Iaşi, with the Central Powers establishing a puppet administration for the occupied lands. The Central Powers ( German: "Mittelmächte" Hungarian: "Központi hatalmak" Turkish: "İttifak Slavici collaborated with the new government, being employed as editor of the official journal, the Bucharest Gazette. After the German withdrawal in November 1918, he was put on trial for his wartime activities and spent one year in jail, while his reputation with the intelligentsia was forever tarnished. Year 1918 ( MCMXVIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common For the coffee shop company often called Intelligentsia for short see Intelligentsia Coffee & Tea.

Slavici ended his life in Panciu (Vrancea county). The town of Panciu pan-chew in the county of Vrancea in Romania lies on the river Ṣuşita in southern Moldavia, 30 km northwest of Focşani Vrancea ('vranʧea is a county ( Judeţ) in Romania, with its seat at Focşani.

Antisemitism

In contrast to the Junimea leadership (but consistent with the attitudes expressed by some of the group's members), Slavici was a noted antisemite. Junimea was a Romanian Literary society founded in Iaşi in 1863 through the initiative of several foreign-educated personalities led by Antisemitism (alternatively spelled anti-semitism or anti-Semitism; also rarely known as judeophobia) is the Prejudice against or hostility His early definition of Jews as "a disease"[1] was doubled by his arguments in favor of their violent expulsion from Romanian soil:

"The solution that remains for us is, at a signal, to close the borders, to annihilate them, to throw them into the Danube right up to the very last of them, so that nothing remain of their seed!"[2]

Later on, Slavici considered that:

"The hatred that has welled up against these people is natural, and this hatred can easily be unleashed against all of them that have inherited wealth or acquired it themselves, and could lead at the end to a horrible shedding of blood. PLEASE TAKE NOTE************ The Danube (In Donau from earlier Danuvius, Celtic *dānu, meaning "to flow run" Slovak and Polish Dunaj "[3]

References

  1. ^ Slavici, Soll şi Haben—Chestiunea Ovreilor din România, in The Report of the International Committee for the Study of Holocaust in Romania
  2. ^ Slavici, Soll şi Haben—Chestiunea Ovreilor din România, in The Report of the International Committee for the Study of Holocaust in Romania
  3. ^ Slavici, Semitismul, in The Report of the International Committee for the Study of Holocaust in Romania

External links

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