Inuktitut (Inuktitut syllabics: ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ (fonts required), literally "like the Inuit") is the name of the varieties of Inuit language spoken in Canada. The Inuktitut syllabary ( Inuktitut: ᑎᑎᕋᐅᓯᖅ ᓄᑖᖅ titirausiq nutaaq) is a Writing system (specifically an Abugida The Inuit language is traditionally spoken across the North American Arctic and to some extent in the Subarctic in Labrador. Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page It is spoken in all areas north of the tree line, including parts of the provinces of Newfoundland and Labrador, Quebec, to some extent in northeastern Manitoba as well as the territories of Nunavut, the Northwest Territories, and traditionally on the Arctic Ocean coast of Yukon. The tree line or timberline is the edge of the habitat at which Trees are capable of growing Newfoundland and Labrador (ˈnuːfɨn(dlənd ən(d ˈlæbrəˌdɔr (Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador is a province of Canada, the tenth and latest to join the Confederation Quebec (kwɨˈbɛk Manitoba (English ˌmænɨˈtoʊbə French /manitoba/ is a province of Canada, spanning 647797 square kilometres (250116  sq mi of North America Nunavut (ˈnuːnəvʊt ( Inuktitut syllabics: ᓄᓇᕗᑦ is the largest and newest territory of Canada; it was separated officially from the The Northwest Territories (ˌnɔrθˌwɛstˈtɛrɨtɔriz ( NWT or NT; French, les Territoires du Nord-Ouest) is a territory The Arctic Ocean, located in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Arctic north polar region is the smallest and shallowest of the world's five major Yukon (ˈjuːkɒn is the westernmost and smallest of Canada's three territories.

It is recognised as an official language in Nunavut and the Northwest Territories. It also has legal recognition in Nunavik — a part of Quebec — thanks in part to the James Bay and Northern Quebec Agreement, and is recognised in the Charter of the French Language as the official language of instruction for Inuit school districts there. Nunavik (ᓄᓇᕕᒃ comprises the northern third of the province of Quebec, Canada. The James Bay And Northern Quebec Agreement was an Aboriginal land claim settlement approved in 1975 by the Cree and Inuit of northern The Charter of the French Language ( La charte de la langue française, in French) also known as Bill 101 and Loi 101, It also has some recognition in Nunatsiavut — the Inuit area in Labrador — following the ratification of its agreement with the Government of Canada and the province of Newfoundland and Labrador. Inuit (plural the singular Inuk, means "man" or "person" is a general term for a group of culturally similar Indigenous peoples inhabiting Modern Labrador Just like its island neighbour Newfoundland early settlement in Labrador was tied to the sea as demonstrated by the Montagnais, Innu and The Canadian Government, formally Her Majesty's Government in Canada, is the Federal government of Canada. The Canadian census estimates that there are roughly 35,000 Inuktitut speakers in Canada, including roughly 200 who live regularly outside of traditionally Inuit lands. The Canada 2006 Census was a detailed enumeration of the Canadian population ^[1]

For more information on the relationship between Inuktitut and the Inuit languages spoken in Greenland and Alaska, see Inuit language. Greenland (Kalaallit Nunaat meaning "Land of the Greenlanders" Grønland is a self-governing Danish Province located between the Alaska ( Аляска Alyaska) is a state in the United States of America, in the northwest of the North American continent The Inuit language is traditionally spoken across the North American Arctic and to some extent in the Subarctic in Labrador.

Dialects and variants

Distribution of Inuit language variants across the Arctic.

Northwest Territories and Yukon

Inuit in Canada's Northwest Territories call themselves Inuvialuit and live primarily in the Inuvialuit Settlement Region, consisting of the northern part of the Mackenzie River delta, the Arctic coast of the Northwest Territories and Yukon, Banks Island, a part of Victoria Island and some more remote and irregularly inhabited Arctic Ocean islands. The Inuvialuit (in Inuvialuktun: the real people are Inuit people who live in the western Canadian Arctic region The Mackenzie River (Fleuve Mackenzie originates in Great Slave Lake, in the Northwest Territories, and flows north into the Arctic Ocean. Yukon (ˈjuːkɒn is the westernmost and smallest of Canada's three territories. One of the larger members of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, Banks Island ( is situated in the Inuvik Region of the Northwest Territories, Victoria Island is an island in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago and straddles the boundary between Nunavut and the Northwest Territories of Canada The Inuit language variants of the NWT are often treated together as Inuvialuktun, but this categorisation is misleading as it is a politically motivated grouping of three quite distinct and separate dialects:

• Kangiryuarmiutun: spoken mainly in the community of Ulukhaktok. Inuvialuktun is a word routinely used to describe the varieties of the language of the Inuit spoken in the northern Northwest Territories by those Canadian Kangiryuarmiutun (sometimes Kangirjuarmiutun is the name of the dialect of Inuit language spoken in Ulukhaktok, Northwest Territories, Canada Ulukhaktok (traditional spelling Ulukhaqtuuq and known until 1 April, 2006 as Holman) is a small hamlet on the west coast of This dialect is essentially identical to the Inuinnaqtun spoken in western Nunavut. Inuinnaqtun is an indigenous language of Canada. It is related very closely to Inuktitut, and many people believe that Inuinnaqtun is only a dialect of Inuktitut
• Siglitun: spoken mainly in the communities of Paulatuk, Sachs Harbour and Tuktoyaktuk. Siglitun is the dialect of Inuit language spoken by the Siglit Inuit. Paulatuk is a hamlet located in the Inuvik Region of the Northwest Territories, Canada. Sachs Harbour is a hamlet located in the Inuvik Region of the Northwest Territories, Canada. Tuktoyaktuk, or Tuktuyaaqtuuq ( Inuvialuktun: it looks like a caribou) No formal Archaeological sites exist today but the settlement Siglitun was once the principal dialect of the Mackenzie River delta and nearby parts of the coast and Arctic islands, but the number of speakers fell dramatically following outbreaks of new diseases in the 19th century and for many years Siglitun was believed to be completely extinct. The Canadian Arctic Archipelago, also known as just the Arctic Archipelago, is an Archipelago north of the Canadian mainland in the Arctic The 19th century of the Common Era began on January 1, 1801 and ended on December 31, 1900, according to the Gregorian calendar It was only in the 1980s that outsiders realised that it was still spoken. The 1980s was the decade spanning from January 1 1980 to December 31 1989. ^[2]
• Uummarmiutun: spoken mainly in the communities of Inuvik and Aklavik. Uummarmiutun is the variant of Inuit language spoken by the Uummarmiut, part of the Inuvialuit, who live mainly in the communities of Inuvik Inuvik, (place of man is a town in the Northwest Territories of Canada and is the administrative centre for the Inuvik Region. Aklavik (from the Inuvialuktun meaning barren-ground grizzly place is a hamlet located in the Inuvik Region of the Northwest Territories This dialect is essentially the same as Alaskan Inupiatun, and is present in Canada because of migration from Alaska in the 1910s, reoccupying traditionally Siglit lands abandoned during the devastating disease outbreaks of the previous century. Inupiaq, Iñupiaq, Inupiak, Inupiat, or Inupiatun are a group of dialects of the Inuit language, spoken in northern and northwestern

The Inuvialuktun dialects are seriously endangered, as English has in recent years become the common language of the community. Surveys of Inuktitut usage in the NWT vary, but all agree that usage is not vigorous. According to the Inuvialuit Cultural Resource Centre, only some 10% of the roughly 4,000 Inuvialuit speak any form of Inuktitut, and only some 4% use it at home. ^[3] Statistics Canada's 2001 Census report is only slightly better, reporting 765 self-identified Inuktitut speakers out of a self-reported Inuvialuit population of 3,905. Statistics Canada (Statistique Canada is the Canadian federal government department commissioned with producing Statistics to help Considering the large number of non-Inuit living in Inuvialuit areas and the lack of a single common dialect among the already reduced number of speakers, the future of the Inuit language in the NWT appears bleak.

Nunavut

Nunavut encompasses the geographically largest part of the Inuit world (not counting the uninhabitable Greenland ice shield), and includes large mainland areas and numerous islands divided by rivers, straits, Hudson Bay, and areas of ocean that freeze only for a part of the year. Nunavut (ˈnuːnəvʊt ( Inuktitut syllabics: ᓄᓇᕗᑦ is the largest and newest territory of Canada; it was separated officially from the Greenland (Kalaallit Nunaat meaning "Land of the Greenlanders" Grønland is a self-governing Danish Province located between the Consequently, it is unsurprising that it has a great deal of internal dialect diversity.

Nunavut's basic law lists four official languages: English, French, Inuktitut and Inuinnaqtun, but to what degree Inuktitut and Inuinnaqtun can be thought of as separate languages is ambiguous in state policy. English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people Inuinnaqtun is an indigenous language of Canada. It is related very closely to Inuktitut, and many people believe that Inuinnaqtun is only a dialect of Inuktitut The word Inuktitut is often used to describe both.

The demographic situation of Inuktitut is quite strong in Nunavut. Nunavut is the home of some 24,000 Inuit, most of whom - over 80% according to the 2001 census - speak Inuktitut, including some 3,500 people reported as monolinguals. 2001 census data shows that the use of Inuktitut, while lower among the young than the elderly, has stopped declining in Canada as a whole and may even be increasing in Nunavut.

• Inuinnaqtun is an Inuit language variant spoken in the western part of the Kitikmeot Region of Nunavut, and at Ulukhaktok in the Northwest Territories. Inuinnaqtun is an indigenous language of Canada. It is related very closely to Inuktitut, and many people believe that Inuinnaqtun is only a dialect of Inuktitut Kitikmeot Region ( Inuktitut: Qitirmiut ᕿᑎᕐᒥᐅᑦ can refer to Kitikmeot Region Nunavut, a region of Nunavut Ulukhaktok (traditional spelling Ulukhaqtuuq and known until 1 April, 2006 as Holman) is a small hamlet on the west coast of The Northwest Territories (ˌnɔrθˌwɛstˈtɛrɨtɔriz ( NWT or NT; French, les Territoires du Nord-Ouest) is a territory Although it has a number of features distinguishing it as a specific variant of Inuktitut, the most immediately noticeable is the lack of a local tradition of Inuktitut syllabics use. The Inuktitut syllabary ( Inuktitut: ᑎᑎᕋᐅᓯᖅ ᓄᑖᖅ titirausiq nutaaq) is a Writing system (specifically an Abugida The government of Nunavut considers Inuinnaqtun an official language of the territory, but many consider it simply a Roman alphabet writing scheme for standard Inuktitut. However, the Roman alphabet writing scheme used in Inuinnaqtun uses letters in a manner distinctive to western Nunavut dialects.
• Natsilingmiutut designates variants spoken in the part of eastern Kitikmeot called Natsilik. In the Natsilik dialect, it is called Nattilingmiutut. Some people view the Utkusiksalingmiut dialect, spoken today primarily by the Netsilik Inuit in Kugaaruk but traditionally spoken in the Franklin Lake and Chantrey Inlet area, as a separate dialect. The Netsilik Inuit (Netsilingmiut live predominately in the communities of Kugaaruk and Gjoa Haven of the Kitikmeot Region, Nunavut and to a Kugaaruk ( Inuktitut syllabics: ᑳᒑᕐᑭᓪ formerly known as Pelly Bay ( Arviligjuaq, meaning "the great bowhead whale habitat" until The Back River reaches the Arctic Ocean at Chantrey Inlet ( Tariunnuaq) on the east side of Adelaide Peninsula, Nunavut, Canada
• Kivallirmiutut dialect is spoken in the Kivalliq Region down to the Manitoba border. Kivalliq Region ( Inuktitut syllabics: ᑭᕙᓪᓕᖅ is an administrative region of Nunavut. Manitoba (English ˌmænɨˈtoʊbə French /manitoba/ is a province of Canada, spanning 647797 square kilometres (250116  sq mi of North America
• Aivilimmiutut is spoken in the area traditionally known as Aivilik: Southampton Island and Repulse Bay in Kivalliq, and part of the Melville Peninsula in the Qikiqtaaluk Region. The Aivilingmiut (or Aivilik) are an Inuit people who traditionally have resided north of Hudson Bay in Canada, near Naujaat (Repulse One of the larger members of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, Southampton Island is a large island at the entrance to Hudson Bay, Canada. Repulse Bay is an area in the southern part of Hong Kong Island, located in the Southern District, Hong Kong. Kivalliq Region ( Inuktitut syllabics: ᑭᕙᓪᓕᖅ is an administrative region of Nunavut. Melville Peninsula is a large peninsula in the Canadian Arctic. Qikiqtaaluk Region, Qikiqtani Region ( Inuktitut: ᕿᑭᖅᑖᓗᒃ or Baffin Region is an administrative region of Nunavut This area was settled by Inuit after the disappearance of the Sadlermiut in the late 19th and early 20th century. The Sadlermiut (also called Sagdlirmiut, or Sallirmiut in modern Inuktitut spelling from Sadlerk, now Salliq, the Inuktitut name The 19th century of the Common Era began on January 1, 1801 and ended on December 31, 1900, according to the Gregorian calendar The twentieth century of the Common Era began on Some linguists consider it too close to North Baffin to merit separate treatment. ^[2]
• North Baffin (Qikiqtaaluk uannangani) is spoken on the northern part of Baffin Island, at Iglulik and the adjacent part of the Melville Peninsula, and in Inuit communities in the far north of Nunavut, like Resolute and Grise Fiord. Baffin Island (ᕿᑭᖅᑖᓗᒃ Qikiqtaaluk, Île de Baffin Old Norse: Helluland) in the territory of Nunavut is the largest member Igloolik, ( Syllabics: ᐃᒡᓗᓕᒃ sometimes spelled Iglulik) is an Inuit community Qikiqtaaluk Region in Nunavut, northern Melville Peninsula is a large peninsula in the Canadian Arctic. Resolute ( Inuktitut: iu-Latn Qausuittuq ( place with no dawn) sometimes Resolute Bay) is a Grise Fiord, ( Aujuittuq Place That Never Thaws is a small Inuit hamlet, Qikiqtaaluk Region This dialect is the one heard in the film Atanarjuat: the Fast Runner. Atanarjuat is a 2001 Canadian film directed by Zacharias Kunuk.
• South Baffin (Qikiqtaaluk nigiani) is the dialect of the southern part of Baffin Island, including the territorial capital Iqaluit. Iqaluit (iqaluit ᐃᖃᓗᐃᑦ in Inuktitut syllabics; often pronounced ɨˈkæljuːɨt in English is the territorial This has in recent years made it a much more widely heard dialect, since a great deal of Inuktitut media originates in Iqaluit. Iqaluit (iqaluit ᐃᖃᓗᐃᑦ in Inuktitut syllabics; often pronounced ɨˈkæljuːɨt in English is the territorial Some linguists also distinguish an East Baffin dialect from either North or South Baffin.

Nunavik

Quebec is home to roughly 12,000 Inuit, nearly all of whom live in Nunavik. Quebec (kwɨˈbɛk Nunavik (ᓄᓇᕕᒃ comprises the northern third of the province of Quebec, Canada. According to the 2001 census, 90% of Quebec Inuit speak Inuktitut.

The Nunavik dialect (Nunavimmiutitut) is relatively close to the South Baffin dialect, but not identical. Because of the political and physical boundary between Nunavik and Nunavut, Nunavik has separate government and educational institutions from those in the rest of the Inuktitut-speaking world, resulting in a growing standardisation of the local dialect as something separate from other forms of Inuktitut. In the Nunavik dialect, Inuktitut is called Inuttitut. This dialect is also sometimes called Tarramiutut or Taqramiutut.

Nunatsiavut

The Nunatsiavut dialect (Nunatsiavummiutut, or often in government documents Labradorimiutut) was once spoken across northern Labrador. Nunatsiavummiutut, also known as Labradorimiutut, and called Inuttut by its speakers is a dialect of the Inuit language. Modern Labrador Just like its island neighbour Newfoundland early settlement in Labrador was tied to the sea as demonstrated by the Montagnais, Innu and It has a distinct writing system, created by German missionaries from the Moravian Church in Greenland in the 1760s. This page is about the Moravian Church globally For information about the church in a particular geographic area use the links at Organisation below Events and Trends King George III ascends the British throne in 1760. This separate writing tradition, and the remoteness of Nunatsiavut from other Inuit communities, has made it into a distinct dialect with a separate literary tradition. The Nunatsiavummiut call their language Inuttut.

Although Nunatsiavut claims over 4,000 inhabitants of Inuit descent, only 550 reported Inuktitut to be their mother tongue in the 2001 census, mostly in the town of Nain. Nain or Naina is the northernmost town of any size in the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador, located Inuktitut is seriously endangered in Labrador.

Nunatsiavut also had a separate dialect reputedly much closer to western Inuktitut dialects, spoken in the area around Rigolet. Rigolet (population 350 is a remote coastal Labrador Inuit community established in 1735 by French-Canadian trader According to news reports, in 1999 it had only three very elderly speakers. ^[4]

Phonology and phonetics

Main article: Inuit language phonology and phonetics

Eastern Canadian dialects of Inuktitut have fifteen consonants and three vowels (which can be long or short). This article makes reference primarily to the Inuktitut dialects of Canada, although it provides some discussion of other dialects In Articulatory phonetics, a consonant is a Speech sound that is articulated with complete or partial closure of the upper Vocal tract, the upper vocal In Phonetics, a vowel is a Sound in spoken Language, such as English ah! or oh!, pronounced with an open Vocal tract Consonants are arranged with five places of articulation: bilabial, alveolar, palatal, velar and uvular; and three manners of articulation: voiceless stops, voiced continuants and nasals, as well as two additional sounds — voiceless fricatives. In Articulatory phonetics, the place of articulation (also point of articulation) of a Consonant is the point of contact where an Obstruction In Phonetics, a bilabial consonant is a Consonant articulated with both Lips The bilabial consonants identified by the International Phonetic Alphabet Alveolar consonants are articulated with the tongue against or close to the superior Alveolar ridge, which is called that because it contains the alveoli (the sockets Palatal consonants are Consonants articulated with the body of the tongue raised against the Hard palate (the middle part of the roof of the mouth Uvulars are Consonants articulated with the back of the Tongue against or near the uvula, that is further back in the mouth than Velar consonants In Linguistics ( Articulatory phonetics) manner of articulation describes how the tongue lips and other speech organs are involved in making a sound make A stop, plosive, or occlusive is a Consonant sound produced by stopping the airflow in the Vocal tract. A continuant is a Sound produced with an incomplete closure of the Vocal tract. A nasal consonant (also called nasal stop or nasal continuant) is produced with a lowered velum in the mouth allowing air to escape freely through the Fricatives are Consonants produced by forcing air through a narrow channel made by placing two articulators close together Natsalingmiutut has an additional consonant /ɟ/, a vestige of the Retroflex consonants that were present in proto-Inuit. In Phonetics, retroflex consonants are Consonant sounds used in some Languages (They are sometimes referred to as cerebral consonants Inuinnaqtun has one fewer consonant, as /s/ and /ɬ/ have merged into /h/. Inuinnaqtun is an indigenous language of Canada. It is related very closely to Inuktitut, and many people believe that Inuinnaqtun is only a dialect of Inuktitut All dialects of Inuktitut have only three basic vowels and make a phonological distinction between short and long forms of all vowels. In Inuujingajut - Nunavut standard Roman orthography - long vowels are written as a double vowel.

Morphology and syntax

Main article: Inuit grammar

Inuktitut, like other Eskimo-Aleut languages, has a very rich morphological system, in which a succession of different morphemes are added to root words to indicate things that, in languages like English, would require several words to express. Description Voiceless consonants are produced with the Vocal cords open and voiced consonants are produced when the vocal folds are fractionally closed Assimilation is a common Phonological process by which the phonetics of a speech segment becomes more like that of another segment in a word (or at a word boundary In Phonetics, gemination happens when a spoken Consonant is pronounced for an audibly longer period of time than a short Consonant. The Inuit language, like other Eskimo-Aleut languages has a very rich morphological system in which a succession of different Morphemes are added to root words to Eskimo-Aleut is a Language family native to Greenland, the Canadian Arctic, Alaska, and parts of Siberia. In Morpheme-based morphology, a morpheme is the smallest linguistic unit that has semantic meaning. (See also: Agglutinative language and Polysynthetic language) All words begin with a root morpheme to which other morphemes are suffixed. An agglutinative language is a Language that uses Agglutination extensively most Words are formed by joining Morphemes together Polysynthetic languages are highly Synthetic languages ie languages in which words are composed of many Morphemes Definition The degree of Inuktitut has hundreds of distinct suffixes, in some dialects as many as 700. Fortunately for the learners, the language has a highly regular morphology. Although the rules are sometimes very complicated, they do not have exceptions in the sense that English and other Indo-European languages do.

Writing

Inuktitut is written in several different ways, depending on the dialect and region, but also on historical and political factors.

Moravian missionaries, with the purpose of introducing the Inuit peoples to Christianity and the Bible, contributed to the development of an Inuktitut writing system in Greenland during the 1760s that was based on Roman orthography. Christianity ( Greek Χριστιανισμός from the word Xριστός ( Christ)is a monotheistic Religion centered on the life and teachings Etymology According to the Online Etymology Dictionary, the word bible is from Latin biblia, traced from the same word through Medieval Latin and Late Latin They later travelled to Labrador in the 1800s, bringing the written Inuktitut with them. This roman alphabet writing scheme is distinguished by its inclusion of the letter kra. Kra (ĸ is a character once used when writing the Kalaallisut language spoken in Greenland.

The Alaskan Yupik and Inupiat (who, in addition, developed their own system of hieroglyphics) and the Siberian Yupik also adopted the system of Roman orthography. The Yupik or in the Central Alaskan Yup'ik language, Yup'ik, are a group of indigenous or aboriginal peoples of western southwestern and southcentral The Inupiat or Iñupiaq (from inuit- people - and piaq/t real i Hieroglyph ( Greek grc-Grek ἱερογλύφος " sacred carving " or hieroglyphics ( = grc-Grek τὰ ἱερογλυφικά Siberian Yupiks, or Yuits are indigenous people who reside along the coast of the Chukchi Peninsula in the far northeast of the Russian Federation and

Eastern Canadian Inuit were the last to adopt the written word when, in the 1860s, missionaries imported the written system Qaniujaaqpait they had developed in their efforts to convert the Cree to Christianity. Not to be confused with the Creek. Cree is an Exonym applied to various people indigenous to North America namely the Nehiyaw Nehithaw Nehilaw The very last Inuit peoples introduced to missionaries and writing were the Netsilik Inuit in Kugaaruk and north Baffin Island. The Netsilik Inuit (Netsilingmiut live predominately in the communities of Kugaaruk and Gjoa Haven of the Kitikmeot Region, Nunavut and to a Kugaaruk ( Inuktitut syllabics: ᑳᒑᕐᑭᓪ formerly known as Pelly Bay ( Arviligjuaq, meaning "the great bowhead whale habitat" until Baffin Island (ᕿᑭᖅᑖᓗᒃ Qikiqtaaluk, Île de Baffin Old Norse: Helluland) in the territory of Nunavut is the largest member The Netsilik adopted Qaniujaaqpait by the 1920s.

The "Greenlandic" system has been substantially reformed in recent years, making Labrador writing unique to Nunatsiavummiutut at this time. Nunatsiavummiutut, also known as Labradorimiutut, and called Inuttut by its speakers is a dialect of the Inuit language. Most Inuktitut in Nunavut and Nunavik is written using a scheme called Qaniujaaqpait or Inuktitut syllabics, based on Canadian Aboriginal syllabics. The Inuktitut syllabary ( Inuktitut: ᑎᑎᕋᐅᓯᖅ ᓄᑖᖅ titirausiq nutaaq) is a Writing system (specifically an Abugida Canadian Aboriginal syllabic writing', or simply syllabics, is a family of Abugidas {dubious}} used to write a number of Aboriginal Canadian The western part of Nunavut and the Northwest Territories use a Roman orthography (alphabet scheme) usually identified as Inuinnaqtun or Qaliujaaqpait, reflecting the predispositions of the missionaries who reached this area in the late 19th century and early 20th. The Northwest Territories (ˌnɔrθˌwɛstˈtɛrɨtɔriz ( NWT or NT; French, les Territoires du Nord-Ouest) is a territory Inuinnaqtun is an indigenous language of Canada. It is related very closely to Inuktitut, and many people believe that Inuinnaqtun is only a dialect of Inuktitut The 19th century of the Common Era began on January 1, 1801 and ended on December 31, 1900, according to the Gregorian calendar The twentieth century of the Common Era began on

The Canadian syllabary

Main article: Inuktitut syllabics

The syllabary used to write Inuktitut (titirausiq nutaaq). The Inuktitut syllabary ( Inuktitut: ᑎᑎᕋᐅᓯᖅ ᓄᑖᖅ titirausiq nutaaq) is a Writing system (specifically an Abugida The extra characters with the dots represent long vowels; in the Latin transcription, the vowel would be doubled.

The Inuktitut syllabary used in Canada is based on the Cree syllabary devised by the missionary James Evans. Cree syllabics, found in two primary forms are the versions of Canadian Aboriginal syllabics that are used to write Cree dialects. This article is about the Canadian missionary For other people by this name see James Evans. The present form of the syllabary for Canadian Inuktitut was adopted by the Inuit Cultural Institute in Canada in the 1970s. This article is about the Decade 1970-1979 For the Year 1970 see 1970. The Inuit in Alaska, the Inuvialuit, Inuinnaqtun speakers, and Inuit in Greenland and Labrador use the Roman alphabet, although it has been adapted for their use in different ways. The Inuvialuit (in Inuvialuktun: the real people are Inuit people who live in the western Canadian Arctic region Greenland (Kalaallit Nunaat meaning "Land of the Greenlanders" Grønland is a self-governing Danish Province located between the Modern Labrador Just like its island neighbour Newfoundland early settlement in Labrador was tied to the sea as demonstrated by the Montagnais, Innu and

Though conventionally called a syllabary, the writing system has been classified by some observers as an abugida, since syllables starting with the same consonant have related glyphs rather than unrelated ones. A syllabary is a set of written symbols that represent (or approximate Syllables which make up Words A symbol in a syllabary typically represents an optional An abugida ( from Ge‘ez አቡጊዳ ’äbugida or Amharic አቡጊዳ ’abugida is a segmental Writing system which A glyph is an element of writing Two or more glyphs representing the same symbol whether interchangeable or context-dependent are called Allographs the abstract unit they

All of the characters needed for the Inuktitut syllabary are available in the Unicode character repertoire. In Computing, Unicode is an Industry standard allowing Computers to consistently represent and manipulate text expressed in most of the world's (See Unified Canadian Aboriginal Syllabics character table. This is a list of Unicode characters Basic Latin See also Basic Latin unicode block Latin-1 See also Latin-1 Supplement ) The territorial government of Nunavut, Canada has developed a TrueType font called Pigiarniq for computer displays. Nunavut (ˈnuːnəvʊt ( Inuktitut syllabics: ᓄᓇᕗᑦ is the largest and newest territory of Canada; it was separated officially from the Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page TrueType is an Outline font standard originally developed by Apple Computer in the late 1980s as a competitor to Adobe 's Type 1 fonts In Typography, a typeface is a set of one or more Fonts designed with stylistic unity each comprising a coordinated set of Glyphs A typeface usually comprises It was designed by Vancouver-based Tiro Typeworks. Vancouver (vænˈkuːvɚ is a coastal

See also

• Inuktitut writing
• Eskimo words for snow

References

Further reading

External links

Dictionaries and lexica

• Inuktitut - English Dictionary
• Nunavut Living Dictionary
• Inuktitut Morphology ListPDF (133 KB)

Webpages

• A Brief History of Inuktitut Writing Culture
• Inuktitut Syllabarium
• Our Language, Our Selves
• Government of Nunavut font download
• Inuktitut-friendly website hosting and development
• Tusaalanga ("Let me hear it"), a website with Inuktitut online lessons with sound files

Utilities

• Microsoft Transliteration Utility - Powerful, free tool for transliterating text between different scripts. Includes a module for transliterating back and forth between Inuktitut syllabary and Inuktitut romanization.
• NANIVARA - Inuktitut Search Engine. - NANIVARA means "I've found it!" in Inuktitut.