The International Cricket Council (ICC) is the international governing body of cricket. The date of establishment or date of founding of an Institution is the date on which that institution chooses to claim as its starting point Events 763 BC - Assyrians record a Solar eclipse that will be used to fix the Chronology of Mesopotamian history Year 1909 ( MCMIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Headquarters (HQ denotes the location where most if not all of the important functions of an organization are concentrated Dubai (in دبيّ,) is one of the seven emirates and most populous city of the United Arab Emirates (UAE All members of the International Cricket Council (ICC on this list are recognised by the ICC as the governing body of the Sport of Cricket in their The following is a list of Presidents of ICC, the international Cricket governing body. Raymond Remember Mali (born April 9 1937) better known as Ray Mali, is the newly appointed acting President of International Cricket Council Malcolm Walter Speed (born 14 September 1948) is an Australian businessman and the current CEO of the International Cricket Council. A chief executive officer ( CEO) or chief executive is typically the highest-ranking corporate officer ( executive) or administrator A website (alternatively web site or Web site, a back-construction from the Proper noun World Wide Web) is a collection of Web pages A sport governing body is a sports organization that has a regulatory or sanctioning function Cricket is a bat-and-ball team Sport that originated in England and is now played in more than 100 countries It was founded as the Imperial Cricket Conference in 1909 by representatives from England, Australia and South Africa, renamed the International Cricket Conference in 1965, and took up its current name in 1989. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. The Republic of South Africa (also known by other official names) is a country located at the southern tip of the continent of Africa

The ICC has 101 members: 10 Full Members that play official Test matches, 33 Associate Members, and 58 Affiliate Members. All members of the International Cricket Council (ICC on this list are recognised by the ICC as the governing body of the Sport of Cricket in their Test cricket is the longest form of the Sport of Cricket. It has long been considered the ultimate test of playing ability between cricketing nations All members of the International Cricket Council (ICC on this list are recognised by the ICC as the governing body of the Sport of Cricket in their All members of the International Cricket Council (ICC on this list are recognised by the ICC as the governing body of the Sport of Cricket in their The ICC is responsible for the organization and governance of cricket's major international tournaments, most notably the Cricket World Cup. The Cricket World Cup is the premier international championship of men's One Day International (ODI Cricket. It also appoints the umpires and referees that officiate at all sanctioned Test matches, One Day International and Twenty20 Internationals. An umpire in Cricket (from the Old French Nompere meaning not equal i A referee is a person who has authority to make decisions about play in many Sports Officials in various sports are known by a variety of titles including referee Note Most of the information here pertains to men's cricket ODI matches are also played in Women's cricket. Twenty20 is a form of Cricket, originally introduced in the United Kingdom for professional inter-county competition by the England and Wales Cricket Board It promulgates the ICC Code of Conduct, which sets professional standards of discipline for international crickets^[1], and also co-ordinates action against corruption and match-fixing through its Anti-Corruption and Security Unit (ACSU). Political corruption is the use of governmental powers by government officials for illegitimate private gain In organized Sports, match fixing or game fixing occurs when a match is played to a completely or partially pre-determined result

The acting ICC President is Ray Mali following the death of Percy Sonn on May 27, 2007, after complications from recent surgery. Raymond Remember Mali (born April 9 1937) better known as Ray Mali, is the newly appointed acting President of International Cricket Council Percival Henry Frederick Sonn ( September 25, 1949 - May 27, 2007) was a South African lawyer and Cricket administrator Events 927 - Simeon the Great, Tsar of Bulgaria, dies 1120 - Richard III of Capua is anointed Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. The current CEO is Malcolm Speed. A chief executive officer ( CEO) or chief executive is typically the highest-ranking corporate officer ( executive) or administrator Malcolm Walter Speed (born 14 September 1948) is an Australian businessman and the current CEO of the International Cricket Council. It was announced on June 27, 2007, that David Morgan the chairman of the England and Wales Cricket Board, would fill the role of ICC President from 2008, until 2010, when he will be replaced by Sharad Pawar, the current president of the Board of Control for Cricket in India. Events 1358 - Republic of Dubrovnik is founded 1709 - Peter the Great defeats Charles XII of Sweden Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. The England and Wales Cricket Board ( ECB) ( Bwrdd Criced Cymru a Lloegr) is the governing body of Cricket in England and Wales. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common For the film see 2010 The Year We Make Contact. For the book see 2010 Odyssey Two. Sharadchandra Govindrao Pawar (Marathi शरदचंद्र गोविंदराव पवार (born December 12, 1940) popularly known as World Cup 2011 India Pakistan, Sri Lanka and Bangladesh will be jointly hosting the 2011 Cricket World Cup.

History

On June 15, 1909 representatives from England, Australia and South Africa met at Lord's and founded the Imperial Cricket Conference. Events 763 BC - Assyrians record a Solar eclipse that will be used to fix the Chronology of Mesopotamian history Year 1909 ( MCMIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting The England cricket team is the national cricket team which represents England and Wales. The Australian cricket team is the national cricket team of Australia. The South African cricket team, also known as The Proteas are a national Cricket team representing South Africa Lord's Cricket Ground (generally known as Lord's) is a cricket Membership was confined to the governing bodies of cricket within the British Empire where Test cricket was played. The British Empire was the largest empire in history and for over a century was the foremost global power. Test cricket is the longest form of the Sport of Cricket. It has long been considered the ultimate test of playing ability between cricketing nations India, New Zealand and West Indies were elected as Full Members in 1926, doubling the number of Test-playing nations to six. The Indian cricket team is an international Cricket team representing India. The New Zealand cricket team, also known as the Black Caps or BLACKCAPS, played their first Test in 1929-30 against England in Christchurch The West Indian cricket team, also known colloquially as The Windies or The West Indies, is a multi-national Cricket team representing Year 1926 ( MCMXXVI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. After the formation of Pakistan in 1947, it was given Test status in 1953, becoming the seventh Test-playing nation. Pakistan () officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country located in South Asia, Southwest Asia, Middle East and Year 1947 ( MCMXLVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1947 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Test cricket is the longest form of the Sport of Cricket. It has long been considered the ultimate test of playing ability between cricketing nations Year 1953 ( MCMLIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. South Africa resigned from the ICC in 1961 due to apartheid. Year 1961 ( MCMLXI) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

In 1965, the Imperial Cricket Conference was renamed the International Cricket Conference and new rules adopted to permit the election of countries from outside the Commonwealth. Year 1965 ( MCMLXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1965 Gregorian calendar. This led to the expansion of the Conference, with the admission of Associate Members. Associates were each entitled to one vote, while the Foundation and Full Members were entitled to two votes on ICC resolutions. Foundation Members retained a right of veto.

Sri Lanka was admitted as a Full Member in 1981, returning the number of Test-playing nations to seven. The Sri Lankan cricket team is a national Cricket team representing Sri Lanka. Year 1981 ( MCMLXXXI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link displays the 1981 In 1989, new rules were adopted and International Cricket Conference changed its name to the current name, the International Cricket Council. Year 1989 ( MCMLXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link displays 1989 Gregorian calendar) South Africa was re-elected as a Full Member of the ICC in 1991, after the end of apartheid; this was followed in 1992 by the admission of Zimbabwe as the ninth Test-playing nation. Year 1991 ( MCMXCI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar. Year 1992 ( MCMXCII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar) The Zimbabwean cricket team is a national Cricket team representing Zimbabwe. Bangladesh was admitted as the tenth Test-playing nation in 2000. The Bangladeshi cricket team, also known as "The Tigers", is a national Cricket team representing Bangladesh. 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar.

Location

The ICC's offices in Dubai. Dubai (in دبيّ,) is one of the seven emirates and most populous city of the United Arab Emirates (UAE

From its formation the ICC had Lord's Cricket Ground as its home with offices in the "clock tower" building at the nursery end of the ground. Lord's Cricket Ground (generally known as Lord's) is a cricket However as the commercial element of the Council's operations became prominent the ICC sought ways to avoid tax liability on commercial income. This led, in 2001, to the establishment of an office in Monaco to which all of the commercial staff relocated. For other uses see Monaco (disambiguation Monaco, officially the Principality of Monaco ( French: Principauté de Monaco; Monégasque This move successfully removed the Council's tax liability however there was a disadvantage in that the Council's cricket administrators, who remained at Lord's, were separated from their commercial colleagues who had moved to Monaco. The council decided to seek ways of bringing all of their staff together in one office whilst protecting their commercial income from tax.

The option of staying at Lord's was investigated and a request was made, through Sport England, to the British Government to allow the ICC to have all its personnel (including those working on commercial matters) in London - but be given special exemption from paying UK corporation tax on its commercial income. Sport England is the brand name for the English Sports Council and is a Non-departmental public body under the Department for Corporate tax refers to a Tax levied by various jurisdictions on the Profits made by companies or associations. The British Government was unwilling to create a precedent and would not agree to this request. As a consequence the ICC examined other locations and eventually settled on the emirate of Dubai in the United Arab Emirates. Dubai (in دبيّ,) is one of the seven emirates and most populous city of the United Arab Emirates (UAE In August 2005 the ICC moved its offices to Dubai, and subsequently closed its offices at Lord's and Monaco. Dubai (in دبيّ,) is one of the seven emirates and most populous city of the United Arab Emirates (UAE The move to Dubai was made after an 11-1 vote by the ICC's Executive Board in favour. ^[2]

Whilst the principal driver of the ICC's move to Dubai was the wish to bring its main employees together in one tax efficient location, a secondary reason was the wish to move offices closer to the increasingly important new centres of cricketing power in South Asia. Dubai (in دبيّ,) is one of the seven emirates and most populous city of the United Arab Emirates (UAE Lord's had been a logical venue when the ICC had been administered by the MCC (a situation that lasted until 1993). Lord's Cricket Ground (generally known as Lord's) is a cricket Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC is a private members' club founded in 1787 But the growing power of India, Pakistan and to a lesser extent Sri Lanka, in world cricket had made the continued control of international cricket by a British private members club (the MCC) anachronistic and unsustainable. Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC is a private members' club founded in 1787 A direct consequence of the changes and reforms instituted in 1993 was eventually to be the move away from Lord's to a more neutral venue. ^[3]

Rules and regulation

The International Cricket Council overlooks playing conditions, bowling reviews, and other ICC regulations. Even though the ICC doesn't have copyright to the laws of cricket and only the MCC may change the laws, nowadays this would usually only be done after discussions with the game's global governing body, the ICC. The laws of cricket are a set of rules framed by the Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC which serve to standardise the format of Cricket matches across the world to ensure Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC is a private members' club founded in 1787 The ICC also has a "Code of Conduct" to which teams and players in international matches are required to adhere. The ICC Cricket Code of Conduct is a regulation regarding the conduct of professional players in the Sport of Cricket. Where breaches of this code occur the ICC can apply sanctions, usually fines. In 2006 the ICC imposed 27 penalties on players. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ^[4]

Commercial focus

The ICC has a strong commercial focus and it has a duty to its members to maximise the value to them of its primary "property" the Cricket World Cup. The Cricket World Cup is the premier international championship of men's One Day International (ODI Cricket. Sponsorship and television rights of the World Cup brought in over US$1. The United States dollar ( sign: $; code: USD) is the unit of Currency of the United States; it has also been 6 billion between 2007 and 2015, by far the ICC’s main source of income. ^[5] The ICC has no income streams from other international cricket matches (Test matches, One Day International and Twenty20 Internationals). Test cricket is the longest form of the Sport of Cricket. It has long been considered the ultimate test of playing ability between cricketing nations Note Most of the information here pertains to men's cricket ODI matches are also played in Women's cricket. Twenty20 is a form of Cricket, originally introduced in the United Kingdom for professional inter-county competition by the England and Wales Cricket Board It has sought to create other new events to augment its World Cup revenues. These include the ICC Champions Trophy and the ICC Super Series played in Australia in 2005. The ICC Champions Trophy is a One Day International Cricket tournament second in importance only to the Cricket World Cup. The ICC Super Series 2005 was a cricket series played in Australia in October 2005 and featuring some of the world's best cricketers However these expansion has not been as successful as the ICC hoped. The Super Series was widely seen as a failure and is not expected to be repeated, and India called for the Champions Trophy to be scrapped in 2006^[6] The Champions Trophy 2004 event was referred to in Wisden 2005 by the editor as a "turkey of a tournament" and a "fiasco"; although the 2006 edition was seen as a greater success due to a new format. Wisden Cricketers' Almanack (often referred to simply as Wisden or colloquially as "the Bible of Cricket" is by far the best ^[7]

Umpires and referees

The ICC appoints international umpires and referees, sponsored by Emirates Airline, who officiate at all sanctioned Test matches, One-Day Internationals and Twenty20 Internationals. An umpire in Cricket (from the Old French Nompere meaning not equal i A referee is a person who has authority to make decisions about play in many Sports Officials in various sports are known by a variety of titles including referee Emirates Airline (shortened form Emirates) ( Arabic: طيران الإمارات Tayarān al-Imārāt) is a subsidiary of The Emirates Group The ICC operates 3 panels of umpires: namely the Elite Panel, the International Panel, and the Associates and Affiliates Panel. The Elite Panel of ICC Umpires is a panel of cricket umpires appointed by the International Cricket Council to officiate in Test matches and One Day The International Panel of ICC Umpires is made up of officials nominated from each of the ten Test playing cricket boards

As of April 2006, the Elite Panel includes ten umpires. In theory, two umpires from the Elite Panel officiate at every Test match, whilst one Elite Panel umpire stands in ODI matches together with an umpire from the International Panel. In practice, members of the International Panel stand in occasional Test matches, as this is viewed as a good opportunity to see whether they can cope at the Test level, and whether they should be elevated to the Elite Panel. The Elite Panel are full-time employees of the ICC, although do still, very occasionally umpire first-class cricket in their country of residence. The average, annual, officiating schedule for Elite Umpires is 12 Test matches and 15 ODIs, a potential on-field workload of 75 days per year.

The International Panel is made up of officials nominated from each of the ten Test-playing cricket boards. The Panel Members officiate in ODI matches in their home country, and assist the Elite Panel at peak times in the cricket calendar when they can be appointed to overseas ODI and Test matches. International Panel members also undertake overseas umpiring assignments such as the ICC Under 19 Cricket World Cup in order to improve their knowledge and understanding of overseas conditions, and help them prepare for possible promotion onto the Elite Panel. The ICC Under 19 Cricket World Cup is an international Cricket tournament contested by national under-19 teams Some of these umpires also officiates in the Cricket World Cup. Each of the Test cricket boards nominates a "third umpire" who can be called upon to review certain on-field decisions through instant television replays. All third umpires are first-class umpires in their own county, and the role is seen as a step onto the International Panel, and then the Elite Panel.

The newest panel of umpires, set up in February 2005, is the Associates and Affiliates Umpires Panel. It was designed to offer a pathway to top level umpiring for officials from the ICC's 87 Associate and Affiliate Member countries. As of January 2005, it has 10 members from countries such as Nepal and Fiji. Nepal (नेपाल) is a Landlocked country in South Asia. Fiji (Matanitu ko Viti फ़िजी officially the Republic of the Fiji Islands (Matanitu Tu-Vaka-i-koya ko Viti फ़िजी द्वीप समूह गणराज्य These umpires will officiate at the ICC Trophy and the ICC Under 19 Cricket World Cup.

There is also a Panel of Elite Referees who act as the independent representative of the ICC at all Test and ODI matches. The Emirates Elite Panel of ICC Referees is composed of former international cricket players who are appointed by the ICC to oversee all Test match and One Day International As of January 2005, it has 7 members, all highly experienced former international cricketers. The Referees do not have the power to report players or officials (which has to be done by the umpires), but they are responsible for conducting hearings under the ICC Code of Conduct and imposing penalties as required at matches, ranging from an official reprimand to a lifetime ban from cricket. Decisions can be appealed, but the original decision is upheld in most cases.

Members

ICC member nations. All members of the International Cricket Council (ICC on this list are recognised by the ICC as the governing body of the Sport of Cricket in their Full Members, that play Test cricket, are shown in orange; Associate Members in green; and Affiliate Members in purple. Test cricket is the longest form of the Sport of Cricket. It has long been considered the ultimate test of playing ability between cricketing nations

Main article: List of International Cricket Council members

The ICC has three classes of membership: Full Members, the ten governing bodies of teams that play official Test matches; Associate Members, the 33 governing bodies in countries where cricket is firmly established and organised but which do not qualify for Full Membership; and Affiliate Members, the 58 governing bodies in countries where the ICC recognises that cricket is played according to the Laws of Cricket. All members of the International Cricket Council (ICC on this list are recognised by the ICC as the governing body of the Sport of Cricket in their The laws of cricket are a set of rules framed by the Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC which serve to standardise the format of Cricket matches across the world to ensure

Regional bodies

These regional bodies aim to organise, promote and develop the game of cricket:

• Asian Cricket Council
• European Cricket Council
• African Cricket Association
• Americas Cricket Association
• East Asia-Pacific Cricket Council

Defunct Bodies

• West Africa Cricket Council
• East and Central Africa Cricket Council

Competitions and awards

The ICC organises various First-Class and One-Day cricket competitions:

• First Class
  • ICC Test Championship
  • ICC Intercontinental Cup (tests for non test nations)
• One Day
  • ICC ODI Championship
  • ICC Cricket World Cup
  • ICC World Twenty20
  • ICC Champions Trophy
  • ICC World Cricket League
  • ICC World Cup Qualifier

The ICC has instituted the ICC Awards to recognise and honour the best international cricket players of the previous 12 months. The Asian Cricket Council was formed as the Asian Cricket Conference in 1983 to promote and develop the game of cricket within Asia The European Cricket Council (ECC is an international body which oversees Cricket in European countries other than the Test -playing cricketing nation The African Cricket Association is an international body which oversees cricket in African countries The Americas Cricket Association is an international body which oversees cricket in countries in North and South America and the Caribbean islands The East Asia-Pacific Cricket Council is an international body which oversees cricket in countries in East-Asia and the Pacific The West Africa Cricket Council was a regional body which organised Cricket teams from Gambia, Ghana, Nigeria, and Sierra Leone. The East and Central Africa Cricket Conference was a regional body which organised Cricket teams from Malawi, Tanzania, Uganda, and Zambia First-class cricket refers to the class of Cricket matches of three or more days scheduled duration between two sides of eleven players and officially adjudged first-class by NightMatchOldTraffordjpg|right|thumb|350px|A night match at Old Trafford. ICC Test Championship is a national competition run by the International Cricket Council in the Sport of Cricket for the 10 nations that play Test The ICC Intercontinental Cup is a Cricket tournament organised by the International Cricket Council as part of its cricket development program ICC ODI Championship is an international competition run by the International Cricket Council in the Sport of Cricket for the 10 nations that play The Cricket World Cup is the premier international championship of men's One Day International (ODI Cricket. The ICC World Twenty20 is the international championship of Twenty20 Cricket. The ICC Champions Trophy is a One Day International Cricket tournament second in importance only to the Cricket World Cup. The ICC World Cricket League is a series of international one-day Cricket tournaments for national teams without Test status administered by the International The ICC World Cup Qualifier (formerly ICC Trophy) is an international One-day cricket tournament run under the auspices of the International Cricket Council The ICC Awards is a set of sports awards for Cricket. The awards recognise and honour the best international cricket players The inaugural ICC Awards ceremony was held on 7 September 2004, in London. Events 1251 BC - A Solar eclipse on this date might mark the birth of legendary Heracles at Thebes Greece. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom.

Anti-corruption and security

The ICC has also had to deal with drugs and bribery scandals involving top cricketers. Cricket has had a number of controversies relating to players being involved with the betting aspects of the game Following the corruption scandals by cricketers connected with the legal and illegal bookmaking markets, the ICC set up an Anti-Corruption and Security Unit (ACSU) in 2000 under the retired Commissioner of the London Metropolitan Police, Lord Condon. Political corruption is the use of governmental powers by government officials for illegitimate private gain A bookmaker, bookie or turf accountant, is an organization or a person that takes bets and pays winnings depending upon results and depending on the nature The Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis, usually just referred to as the Metropolitan Police Commissioner or more colloquially as the Met Commissioner, is the "Metropolitan Police" redirects here See also Metropolitan police. Not to be confused with the author of the same name (and Old Ignatian Paul Condon Paul Leslie Condon Baron Condon, QPM, DL (b Amongst the corruption on which they have reported was that of former South African captain Hansie Cronje who had accepted substantial sums of money from an Indian bookmaker for under-performing or ensuring that certain matches had a pre-determined result. South Africa played its first Test match in Cricket in 1889 against England at Port Elizabeth, becoming the third Test nation after Wessel Johannes "Hansie" Cronje (September 25 1969 - June 1 2002 was a South African Cricketer and captain of the South African national cricket team in Similarly, the former Indian captain Mohammad Azharuddin and Ajay Jadeja were investigated, found guilty of match-fixing, and banned from playing cricket (for life and for five years, respectively). This is a list of all cricketers who have captained Indian national cricket team at the international level Mohammad Azharuddin (born 8 February 1963 Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh) is a former captain of the Indian cricket team. Ajaysinhji Daulatsinhji Jadeja was born on 1 February 1971 in Jamnagar, Gujarat. The ACSU continues to monitor and investigate any reports of corruption in cricket and protocols have been introduced which for example prohibit the use of mobile telephones in dressing rooms. A changeroom

Prior to the 2007 Cricket World Cup ICC Chief Executive Malcolm Speed warned against any corruption and said that the ICC would be vigilant and intolerant against it. The Cricket World Cup is the premier international championship of men's One Day International (ODI Cricket. Malcolm Walter Speed (born 14 September 1948) is an Australian businessman and the current CEO of the International Cricket Council. ^[8]

See also

• International structure of cricket

References

External links

• Official website of the ICC
• ICC Champions Trophy 2006