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The International Code of Zoological Nomenclature is a set of rules in zoology that have one fundamental aim: to provide the maximum universality and continuity in the naming of all animals according to taxonomic judgment. Zoology (from Greek ζῷον, zoon, "animal" + λόγος, " Logos " "knowledge" is the branch of Taxonomy is the practice and science of classification The word comes from the Greek, taxis (meaning 'order' 'arrangement' and, nomos The Code is meant to guide only the nomenclature of animals, while leaving the zoologists some degree of freedom in classifying new species and higher-level taxa. Zoology (from Greek ζῷον, zoon, "animal" + λόγος, " Logos " "knowledge" is the branch of In Biology, a species is one of the basic units of Biological classification and a Taxonomic rank. In other words, whether a species itself is or is not a real entity is a subjective decision, but what name should be applied to it is not; the Code applies only to the latter, not to the former. A new taxon name published without adherence to the Code may be deemed simply "unavailable" if it fails to meet certain criteria, or fall entirely out of the province of science (e. g. , the "scientific name" for the Loch Ness Monster). The Loch Ness Monster ( Nessiteras rhombopteryx) is an alleged animal family and upward Incertae sedis, purportedly inhabiting Scotland 's Loch Ness Penguin

The rules in the Code determine what names are potentially valid for any taxon including the ranks of subspecies and superfamily. Penguins ( order Sphenisciformes, family Spheniscidae) are a group of aquatic, flightless Birds living almost In Zoology, as in other branches of Biology, subspecies is the Taxonomic rank immediately subordinate to a Species. Taxonomic rank ( rank, category, taxonomic category is an abstract term used in the Scientific classification, or Taxonomy, of organisms Its provisions can be waived or modified in their application to a particular case when strict adherence would cause confusion. Such exceptions are not made by an individual scientist, no matter how well-respected within his or her field, but only by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN), acting on behalf of all zoologists. "ICZN" redirects here It is also sometimes used for the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature in error The Commission takes such action in response to proposals submitted to it. Note that, formally, the acronym "ICZN" refers to the Commission, and not the Code. Misapplications of the acronym are pervasive, however, and even taxonomists will use the acronym occasionally when referring to the Code.

The Code recognizes no case law. Case law' (also known as decisional law or judicial precedent) is that body of reported Judicial opinions in countries that have Common law Any dispute is decided by applying the Code directly, and never by reference to precedent.

Rules and examples of their application

The first published name of an organism or group takes priority; later names for that organism or group are junior synonyms and are not considered valid. In Scientific nomenclature, synonyms are different Scientific names used for a single Taxon.

The first published use of a name takes priority; later uses of a name spelled the same but used to refer to different organisms are junior homonyms and must be given replacement names. In biology a homonym is a name for a Taxon that is identical in spelling to another such name that belongs to a different Taxon. A nomen novum ( Latin for "new name" or replacement name is a scientific name that is created specifically to replace a name which is a junior

The first published description of a species fixes the species epithet; if the species is later moved to another genus, it retains the first-published epithet unless that would create a homonym.

In the interests of stability of nomenclature, the rule of priority can be reversed if a junior name has been used very widely and for a long period of time.

See also

External links

In zoology, a binomen, or binominal name is the name of a species In zoology, a trinomen, or trinominal name refers to the name of a Subspecies. Taxonomic rank ( rank, category, taxonomic category is an abstract term used in the Scientific classification, or Taxonomy, of organisms In biology a homonym is a name for a Taxon that is identical in spelling to another such name that belongs to a different Taxon. In Scientific nomenclature, synonyms are different Scientific names used for a single Taxon. A conserved name or nomen conservandum (plural nomina conservanda) is a scientific name that enjoys special nomenclatural protection The International Code of Botanical Nomenclature ( ICBN) is the set of rules and recommendations dealing with the formal Botanical names that are given to
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