In discussions on behavior and morality, one view of the property of integrity sees it as the virtue of basing actions on an internally-consistent framework of principles. Behavior or behaviour (see spelling differences) refers to the actions or Reactions of an object or Organism, usually Morality (from the Latin la moralitas "manner character proper behavior" has three principal meanings In modern Philosophy, Mathematics, and Logic, a property is an Attribute of an object; thus a red object is said to have the property Virtue ( Latin virtus; Greek) is moral Excellence. Personal virtues are characteristics valued as promoting individual For the term in chemistry see Principle (chemistry. Not to be confused with Principal. This scenario may emphasize depth of principles and adherence of each level to the next. One can describe a person as having integrity to the extent that everything that that person does derives from the same core set of values. A personal and cultural value is a Relative ethic value, an assumption upon which implementation can be extrapolated While those values may change, their consistency with each other and with the person's actions determine the person's degree of integrity. In Philosophy, action has developed into a sub-field called Philosophy of action.

Some commentators stress the idea of integrity as personal honesty: acting according to one's beliefs and values at all times. Honesty is the human quality of communicating and acting Truthfully related to Truth as a value Belief is the psychological state in which an individual holds a Proposition or Premise to be true It can emphasize the "wholeness" or "intactness" of a moral stance or attitude. Wholeness is an EP by Halou. Track listing "Everything is OK" "Ingenue" "The Ratio of Freckles Relevant views of wholeness may also emphasize commitment and authenticity. Authenticity is a technical term in existentialist philosophy, and is also used in the Philosophy of art and Psychology. Some views also associate the concept of sincerity. Sincerity is the Virtue of one who speaks truly about his or her own feelings thoughts desires

Other approaches to integrity emphasize the "wholeness" or "intactness" of a moral stance/attitude (harking back wittingly or unwittingly to the etymological parallels of the word in the Latin intactus, meaning "untouched"); relevant views of wholeness may also emphasize commitment, authenticity or esteem. Wholeness is an EP by Halou. Track listing "Everything is OK" "Ingenue" "The Ratio of Freckles Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. Authenticity is a technical term in existentialist philosophy, and is also used in the Philosophy of art and Psychology. Kudos is a program used mostly in schools for young people deciding on their career choices and what qualifications they may need to get reach careers The idea of structural integrity relates to this: compare structural engineering. Structural engineering is a field of Engineering dealing with the analysis and design of Structures that support or resist loads Structural engineering is

Some regard integrity as a virtue in that they see accountability and moral responsibility as necessary tools for maintaining consistency between one's actions and one's principles, methods and measures, especially when an expected result appears incongruent with observed outcome. Virtue ( Latin virtus; Greek) is moral Excellence. Personal virtues are characteristics valued as promoting individual Accountability is a concept in Ethics with several meanings It is often used synonymously with such concepts as answerability enforcement responsibility, blameworthiness Moral responsibility can refer to two different but related things

Evaluating/measuring integrity

Popular discussions of integrity often see the concept as an all-or-nothing affair: one describes an approved person as "having integrity" (as an absolute), but condemns an enemy or a collective enemy organization as "completely lacking in integrity".

English-speakers may measure integrity in non-enumerated units called "scraps", speaking of preserving one's "last scraps of integrity". English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States This may imply that integrity in such situations can appear brittle or fragile — and apt to tarnish or decay.

See also structural integrity.

Science

The integrity of science (as a process and as a body of knowledge) relies on a set of testing known as the scientific method. Science (from the Latin scientia, meaning " Knowledge " or "knowing" is the effort to discover, and increase human understanding A Body of Knowledge is a term used to represent the sum total of all Knowledge in an area expertise most notably Professional bodies. Scientific method refers to bodies of Techniques for investigating phenomena To the extent that a proof follows the requirements of the method, one can consider it scientific. The Popperian scientific method includes measures to ensure unbiased testing and the requirement that the hypotheses have falsifiability. Sir Karl Raimund Popper ( July 28 1902  &ndash September 17 1994) was an Austrian and British Philosopher and a professor A hypothesis (from Greek) consists either of a suggested explanation for a phenomenon (an event that is observable or of a reasoned proposal suggesting a possible Falsifiability (or "refutability" is the logical possibility that an assertion can be shown false by an observation or a physical experiment

(Tests of) professional integrity

Integrity (honesty) tests aim towards identifying which persons may hide negative or derogatory events from their past (such as doing prison time, getting psychiatric treatment, alcohol problems, etc. A prison, penitentiary, or correctional facility is a place in which individuals are physically confined or interned and usually deprived of a range of Psychotherapy is an Interpersonal, relational intervention used by trained psychotherapists to aid clients in problems of living In Chemistry, an alcohol is any Organic compound in which a Hydroxyl group ( - O[[hydrogen H]]) is bound to a Carbon ) or which persons may cause trouble for an employer. Employment is a Contract between two parties, one being the employer and the other being the employee. These tests make certain assumptions, namely^[1] that such persons report more dishonest behavior, they try to find reasons in order to justify such behavior, they think others more likely to commit crimes (like theft, for example), they exhibit impulsive behavior and tend to think that society should severely punish deviant behavior.

The pretension of such tests to detect fake answers plays a crucial role in this respect, because the naive really believe such outright lies and behave accordingly, reporting their past deviance because they fear that otherwise their answers will reveal it. The more Pollyannaish the answers, the higher the integrity score. For other uses see Pollyanna (disambiguation Pollyanna is a best-selling 1913 novel by Eleanor H ^[2]

Mathematics

The philosophy of mathematics bases integrity on consistency of mathematical proof, which one can test weakly or strongly, as part of the process of differentiating it from folk mathematics. The philosophy of mathematics is the branch of Philosophy that studies the philosophical assumptions foundations and implications of Mathematics. In Mathematics, a proof is a convincing demonstration (within the accepted standards of the field that some Mathematical statement is necessarily true Mathematical integrity becomes strengthened through definition as the result of a tautology and where it demonstrably forms a part of a larger and consistent body of mathematics. In Propositional logic, a tautology (from the Greek word ταυτολογία is a Propositional formula that is true under any possible valuation

Other integrities

Disciplines and fields with an interest in integrity include philosophy of action, philosophy of medicine, the mind, cognition, consciousness, materials science, engineering and politics. Action theory is an area in Philosophy concerned with theories about the processes causing intentional (wilful human bodily movements of more or less complex kind Medicine is the art and science of healing It encompasses a range of Health care practices evolved to maintain and restore Human Health by the MIND ( Moving In New Directions) (est 1975 is an alternative education high school in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Cognition is a concept used in different ways by different disciplines but is generally accepted to mean the process of awareness or thought Consciousness has been defined loosely as a constellation of attributes of Mind such as Subjectivity, Self-awareness, Sentience, and the Materials Science or Materials Engineering is an interdisciplinary field involving the properties of matter and its applications to various areas of Science and Politics Politics is the process by which groups of people make decisions

See also

• validity
• doubt
• honesty

External links

• Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy entry
• van Minden, Jack J.R. (2005). The term validity (also called logical truth, analytic truth, or necessary truth) as it occurs in Logic refers generally to a property of Doubt, a status between Belief and disbelief, involves Uncertainty or Distrust or lack of sureness of an alleged Fact, an action Honesty is the human quality of communicating and acting Truthfully related to Truth as a value Dr Jack JR van Minden (born 1947) is a Dutch psychologist and author he runs a psychological testing and work selection bureau Psycom Alles over psychologische tests. Business Contact, 206-208. ISBN 978-90-254-0415-4.  .

Footnotes