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For the novel, see The Insult. The Insult is a Novel by Rupert Thomson. The novel describes the life of Martin Blom who is shot while walking to his car and consequently goes
"Putdown" redirects here. For other uses, see putting down.

An insult (also called putdown) is an expression, statement or behavior that is considered degrading. Insults may be intentional or accidental. An example of the latter is a well-intended simple explanation, which in fact is superfluous, but is given due to underestimating intelligence or knowledge of the other. This practice is also called flouting.

Whether speech or behavior is insulting, in practice and sometimes by the terms of local assault statutes, is often a product of the subjective sense of the person insulted. Assault is a Crime of Violence against another person. In some Jurisdictions including Australia and New Zealand, But insults to one person who might not mind the derogatory speech may indirectly insult others. Many states and local municipalities enforce prohibitions against rude, offensive or insulting speech, leaving citizens, law enforcement officers and courts to decide what is and what is not an insult. The concept of fighting words as a form of prohibited speech has developed in the jurisprudence of U.S. constitutional law concerning terms of disparagement. Fighting words are written or spoken words generally expressed to incite hatred or violence and to place the targets of the words in danger of harm Jurisprudence is the Theory and Philosophy of Law. Scholars of jurisprudence or legal philosophers hope to obtain a deeper understanding of the nature The Constitution of the United States of America is the supreme Law of the United States. Terms of disparagement are Pejorative Words and Phrases which are either intended to be or are often regarded as insulting impolite or unkind But insults offered as satire in an artistic venue, such as a novel, a film or a song, are usually regarded as protected speech, especially in the United States. Satire is often strictly defined as a literary genre or form; although in practice it is also found in the graphic and Performing arts In satire human The United States of America —commonly referred to as the

The role of insults in the social sense may be better understood by an appreciation of how the term is used in a medical setting. Though a popular idiom refers to "adding insult to injury," in a medical context they are the same. Physicians examine injuries resulting from an insult to flesh and bones, caused by various traumatic events. In speech and in social settings, insults are words that tend to injure the psyche. Injury or bodily injury is Damage or Harm caused to the Structure or function of the Body caused by an outside agent or In Psychoanalysis, the psyche (ˈsaɪki refers to the forces in an individual that influence thought, Behavior and Personality. In humor, insults may be exchanged in much the way fighters exchange blows in training, to develop a resistance to the pain of mild injuries, or to spar with no real intention of seriously injuring the other. Humour or humor (see spelling differences) is the tendency of particular cognitive experiences to provoke Laughter and provide Amusement

Contents

Types of insults

Behavioral insults

Insults are not limited to words. Behavioral expectations create boundaries that, when crossed, can be the substance of insults. A guest who wears casual clothing to a formal event might offend the host of a party. At times the casual wearing of military garb has been seen or intended as an insult to the uniform. The deliberate adoption of some affectation, mannerism, or clothing may be used as a deliberate insult. Mannerism is a period of European art which emerged from the later years of the Italian High Renaissance around 1520. Misuse of flags, especially burning a national flag, can be used as an insult (but can also be a political statement).

Verbal insults

Profanity is frequently used as part of insults to strengthen their emotional impact. The original meaning of the adjective profane (from the Latin for "in front of or outside the Temple " was to refer to items not belonging to the church Some body parts, although useful, may be of low esteem; the word may then be used as insult. For example, the word asshole (or arsehole) is used to imply disapproval for the behavior or morals of another, but tends to imply the behavior resulted from a character flaw.

The examination of insulting language reveals the tensions between social classes and ethnic groups in modern society, where expectations are sometimes viewed as insulting by some and failure to comply with those expectations being seen as insulting by others. Social class refers to the hierarchical distinctions (or stratification) between individuals or groups in Societies or Cultures.

Categories of insults

Higher level insults (or: The art of verbal abuse)

Disguised insult

E. g. as an apology after a previous insult: "I'm sorry Sir, I didn't think you could be insulted. "

This implies that you're thinking that no matter how bad a thing anyone could say to him, surely it would not be an insult to him. Thus this apology constitutes in effect an insult.

Perceptions of insults

Sociologists suggest insults are often an indicator of flawed reasoning about the character or motivation of others. Though insults are common, and often used in jest, a fundamental axiom of sociology recognizes that derogatory forms of speech make erroneous attributions about the motivation of a person. Scholars classify the erroneous assumptions as the fundamental attribution error. In Attribution theory, the fundamental attribution error (also known as correspondence bias or overattribution effect) is the tendency for people to

Cultural perceptions

Perceptions of insulting language often vary, and often depend on the context and persons involved as much as the actual words. For example, in 21st century America, African American descendants of former slaves hold mixed views of the term "nigger", sometimes using it as a rugged form of mutual affection in popular culture, but resenting the term when used in pejorative sense, especially when spoken by members of other ethnic groups. The 21st century is the current century of the Christian Era or Common Era in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the African Americans or Black Americans are citizens or residents of the United States who have origins in any of the black populations of Africa As a social-economic system slavery is a legal institution under which a Person (called "a slave" is compelled to work for another Nigger is a Noun in the English language, most notable for its usage in a derogatory context to refer to Black people, and also as an informal Words and phrases are pejorative if they imply disapproval or contempt Other African-Americans take offense at any use of the term even between friends, holding that even though it is shared affectionately perhaps as a sign of strength, it acts as a term of mutual degradation, and inevitably serves to degrade African-Americans in general. Another example would be reference (even in a joke) to stereotypical aspects of a person, for example jokingly linking a person's Jewishness with a joke about money, a person's Pole nationality with their intelligence, or making a joke about how feminine or "gay" someone is with a French joke. PLEASE TAKE NOTE************ Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland

See also

External links and references

"The Dozens", also known as "Yo Momma Fights" is an element of the African American oral tradition in which two competitors usually males Maledicta, "The Journal The World Swears By" is a Scholarly journal dedicated to the study of offensive and negatively-valued words and expressions

Dictionary

insult

-verb

  1. (transitive) To offend someone by being rude, insensitive or insolent
  2. (transitive) To demean or affront

-noun

  1. An action or form of speech deliberately intended to be rude.
  2. Anything that causes offence/offense by being of an unacceptable quality.
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