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For other uses, see Instrumentation (disambiguation).

Instrumentation is an electrical or pneumatic device placed in the field to provide measurement and/or control capabilities for the system. Pneumatics, Pressurized gas to affect mechanical motion Pneumatic power is used in Industry, where it is common to have factory units plumbed for Compressed

The simplest measurement instrumentation device is a thermistor. A thermistor is a type of Resistor with resistance varying according to its Temperature. A thermistor is very similar to a typical resistor, except that it greatly varies its resistance depending on its temperature. |- align = "center"| |width = "25"| | |- align = "center"| || Potentiometer |- align = "center"| | | |- align = "center"| Resistor| | Therefore this device can easily be used for measurement of temperature in the field. Other temperature-sensitive devices include RTDs, which also change resistance depending on temperature, and thermocouples, which produce a varying voltage when subjected to heat. Resistance thermometers, also called resistance temperature detectors ( RTD s are Temperature Sensors that exploit the predictable change in In Electrical engineering and industry thermocouples are a widely used type of temperature sensor and can also be used as a means to convert thermal Potential

Control instrumentation includes devices such as solenoids, Electrically Operated Valves, breakers, relays, etc. A solenoid is a three-dimensional Coil. In Physics, the term solenoid refers to a loop of wire often wrapped around a Metallic core which For other uses see Valve (disambiguation. For the electronic component see Thermionic valve. A circuit breaker is an automatically-operated electrical Switch designed to protect an electrical circuit from damage caused by overload or A relay is an electrical Switch that opens and closes under the control of another Electrical circuit. These devices are able to change a field parameter, and provide remote control capabilities.

Transmitters are devices which produce an analog signal, usually in the form of a 4-20 mA electrical current signal, although many other options are possible using voltage, frequency, or pressure. An analog or analogue signal is any continuous signal for which the time varying feature (variable of the signal is a representation of some other The ampere, in practice often shortened to amp, (symbol A is a unit of Electric current, or amount of Electric charge per second Electrical tension (or voltage after its SI unit, the Volt) is the difference of electrical potential between two points of an electrical Frequency is a measure of the number of occurrences of a repeating event per unit Time. Pressure (symbol 'p' is the force per unit Area applied to an object in a direction perpendicular to the surface This signal can be used to directly control other instruments, or sent to a PLC, DCS, SCADA system or other type of computerized controller, where it can be interpreted into readable values, or used to control other devices and processes in the system. SCADA is the abbreviation for Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition.

Instrumentation plays a significant role in both gathering information from the field and changing the field parameters, and as such are a key part of control loops. A control system is a device or set of devices to manage command direct or regulate the behavior of other devices or systems

Contents

Measurement

Instrumentation can be used to measure certain field parameters (physical values):

These measured values include:

Control

In addition to measuring field parameters, instrumentation is also responsible for providing the ability to modify some field parameters. Pressure (symbol 'p' is the force per unit Area applied to an object in a direction perpendicular to the surface In the design and operation of Aircraft, static pressure is the air pressure in the aircraft’s static pressure system. The volumetric flow rate in Fluid dynamics and Hydrometry, (also known as volume flow rate or rate of fluid flow) is the volume of fluid which Temperature is a physical property of a system that underlies the common notions of hot and cold something that is hotter generally has the greater temperature LEVEL is a Computer and video games Magazine originating in the Czech Republic with branches in Romania and Turkey The density of a material is defined as its Mass per unit Volume: \rho = \frac{m}{V} Different materials usually have different Viscosity is a measure of the resistance of a Fluid which is being deformed by either Shear stress or Extensional stress. Radiation, as in Physics, is Energy in the form of waves or moving Subatomic particles emitted by an atom or other body as it changes from a higher energy Electric current is the flow (movement of Electric charge. The SI unit of electric current is the Ampere. Electrical tension (or voltage after its SI unit, the Volt) is the difference of electrical potential between two points of an electrical In Electrical circuits, any Electric current i produces a Magnetic field and hence generates a total Magnetic flux \Phi acting Capacitance is a measure of the amount of Electric charge stored (or separated for a given Electric potential. Frequency is a measure of the number of occurrences of a repeating event per unit Time. Electrical resistivity (also known as specific electrical resistance) is a measure of how strongly a material opposes the flow of Electric current.

Some examples include:

Device Field Parameter(s)
Valve Flow, Pressure
Relay Voltage, Current
Solenoid Physical Location, Level
Circuit breaker Voltage, Current

Instrumentation engineering

Instrumentation engineering is the engineering specialization focused on the principle and operation of measuring instruments which are used in design and configuration of automated systems. For other uses see Valve (disambiguation. For the electronic component see Thermionic valve. Pressure (symbol 'p' is the force per unit Area applied to an object in a direction perpendicular to the surface A relay is an electrical Switch that opens and closes under the control of another Electrical circuit. Electrical tension (or voltage after its SI unit, the Volt) is the difference of electrical potential between two points of an electrical Electric current is the flow (movement of Electric charge. The SI unit of electric current is the Ampere. A solenoid is a three-dimensional Coil. In Physics, the term solenoid refers to a loop of wire often wrapped around a Metallic core which A circuit breaker is an automatically-operated electrical Switch designed to protect an electrical circuit from damage caused by overload or Electrical tension (or voltage after its SI unit, the Volt) is the difference of electrical potential between two points of an electrical Electric current is the flow (movement of Electric charge. The SI unit of electric current is the Ampere. They typically work for industries with automated processes, such as chemical or manufacturing plants, with the goal of improving system productivity, reliability, safety, optimization and stability. Automation ( Ancient Greek: = self dictated) roboticization or industrial automation or Numerical control is the use of Control systems A chemical plant is industrial process plant that manufactures (or otherwise processes Chemicals usually on a large scale Manufacturing (from Latin manu factura, "making by hand" is the use of tools and labor to make things for use or sale Productivity in Economics refers to measures of output from production processes per unit of input

Instrumentation technologists and mechanics

Instrumentation technologists, technicians and mechanics specialize in troubleshooting and repairing instruments and instrumentation systems. Installation, on the other hand, is normally performed by industrial electricians. This trade is so intertwined with electricians, pipefitters, power engineers, and engineering companies, that one can find him/herself in extremely diverse working situations.

External links

Dictionary

instrumentation

-noun

  1. The act of using or adapting as an instrument; a series or combination of instruments; means; agency.
  2. The arrangement of a musical composition for performance by a number of different instruments; orchestration; instrumental composition; composition for an orchestra or military band.
  3. The act or manner of playing upon musical instruments; performance; as, his instrumentation is perfect.
  4. On a vehicle, dashboard gauges monitoring engine functions and performance, along with other essential functions.
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