Traditionally, inorganic compounds are considered to be of mineral, not biological, origin. Inorganic chemistry is the branch of Chemistry concerned with the properties and behavior of Inorganic compounds This field covers all Chemical compounds Complementarily, most organic compounds are traditionally viewed as being of biological origin. Over the past century, the precise classification of inorganic vs organic compounds has become less important to scientists, primarily because the majority of known compounds are synthetic and not of natural origin. Furthermore, most compounds considered the purview of modern inorganic chemistry contain organic ligands. In Chemistry, a ligand is either an Atom, Ion, or Molecule (see also Functional group) that bonds to a central metal generally The fields of organometallic chemistry and bioinorganic chemistry explicitly focus on the areas between the fields of organic, biological, and inorganic chemistry. Organometallic chemistry is the study of Chemical compounds containing bonds between Carbon and a Metal. Bioinorganic chemistry is a specialized field that spans the Chemistry of Metal -containing Molecules within biological systems
Inorganic compounds can be formally defined with reference to what they are not—organic compounds. Organic compounds are those which contain carbon, although some carbon-containing compounds are traditionally considered inorganic. An organic compound is any member of a large class of Chemical compounds whose Molecules contain Carbon. When considering inorganic chemistry and life, it is useful to recall that many species in nature are not compounds per se but are ions. An ion is an Atom or Molecule which has lost or gained one or more Valence electrons giving it a positive or negative electrical charge Sodium, chloride, and phosphate ions are essential for life, as are some inorganic molecules such as carbonic acid, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, water and oxygen. Sodium (ˈsoʊdiəm is an element which has the symbol Na( Latin natrium, from Arabic natrun) atomic number 11 atomic mass 22 The chloride Ion is formed when the element Chlorine picks up one Electron to form an Anion (negatively-charged ion Cl&minus A phosphate, an Inorganic chemical, is a salt of Phosphoric acid. An ion is an Atom or Molecule which has lost or gained one or more Valence electrons giving it a positive or negative electrical charge Carbonic acid (ancient name acid of air or aerial acid) has the formula H2CO3 Nitrogen (ˈnaɪtɹəʤɪn is a Chemical element that has the symbol N and Atomic number 7 and Atomic weight 14 Carbon dioxide ( Chemical formula:) is a Chemical compound composed of two Oxygen Atoms covalently bonded to a single Water is a common Chemical substance that is essential for the survival of all known forms of Life. Oxygen (from the Greek roots ὀξύς (oxys (acid literally "sharp" from the taste of acids and -γενής (-genēs (producer literally begetteris the Aside from these simple ions and molecules, virtually all species covered by bioinorganic chemistry contain carbon and can be considered organic or organometallic.
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Inorganic carbon compounds
Many compounds that contain carbon are considered inorganic; for example, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, carbonates, cyanides, cyanates, carbides, and thyocyanates. Carbon monoxide, with the chemical formula CO is a colorless odorless tasteless yet highly toxic Gas. Carbon dioxide ( Chemical formula:) is a Chemical compound composed of two Oxygen Atoms covalently bonded to a single In Chemistry, a carbonate is a salt or Ester of Carbonic acid. A cyanide is any Chemical compound that contains the cyano group (C≡N which consists of a Carbon Atom triple-bonded to a The cyanate Ion is an Anion consisting of one Oxygen Atom, one Carbon atom and one Nitrogen atom − in that For the Software development tool targeting the Symbian OS, see Carbide Thiocyanate (also known as sulphocyanate or thiocyanide or rhodanide) is the anion − In general, however, workers in these areas are not concerned about strict definitions.
Coordination chemistry
A large class of compounds discussed in inorganic chemistry textbooks are coordination compounds. The term complex in Chemistry is usually used to describe molecules or ensembles formed by the combination of Ligands and metal Ions. Examples range from species that are strictly inorganic, such as [Co(NH3)6]Cl3, to organometallic compounds such as Fe(C5H5)2 and extending to bioinorganic compounds, such as the hydrogenase enzymes. Cobalt(III hexammine chloride is the chemical compound with the formula Cl3 Ferrocene is the Organometallic compound with the formula Fe(C5H52 A hydrogenase is an Enzyme that catalyses the reversible oxidation of molecular Hydrogen (H2
Minerology
Minerals are mainly oxides and sulfides, which are strictly inorganic. A mineral is a naturally occurring substance formed through geological processes that has a characteristic chemical composition a highly ordered atomic structure and specific An oxide is a Chemical compound containing at least one Oxygen atom as well as at least one other element The term sulfide ( sulphide in British English) refers to several types of Chemical compounds containing Sulfur in its lowest Oxidation In fact, most of the earth and the universe is inorganic. Although the components of the earth's crust are well elucidated, the processes of mineralization and the composition of the deep mantle remain active areas of investigation, which are mainly covered in geology-oriented venues. The mantle is a part of an Astronomical object. The interior of the Earth, similar to the other Terrestrial planets, is Chemically divided
Inorganic compounds and materials science
Major classes of inorganic compound are studied and developed by chemists trained in materials science. Materials Science or Materials Engineering is an interdisciplinary field involving the properties of matter and its applications to various areas of Science and Species of interest tend to be polymeric (non-molecular) and refractory, and often such materials are of commercial interest. A refractory is a material that retains its strength at high Temperatures ASTM C71 defines refractories as "non-metallic materials having those chemical and physical In general these inorganic compounds are classified based on their bulk properties, not their composition or structure:
- Alloys, such brass, bronze, and stainless steel
- Semiconductors such as silicon and gallium arsenide
- superconductors such as yttrium barium copper oxide
See also
An alloy is a Solid solution or Homogeneous mixture of two or more elements, at least one of which is a Metal, which itself has Brass is any Alloy of Copper and Zinc; the proportions of zinc and copper can be varied to create a range of brasses with varying properties Bronze is any of a broad range of Copper alloys, usually with Tin as the main additive but sometimes with other elements such as Phosphorus In Metallurgy, stainless steel is defined as a Steel Alloy with a minimum of 11 A semiconductor' is a Solid material that has Electrical conductivity in between a conductor and an insulator; it can vary over that Silicon (ˈsɪlɪkən or /ˈsɪlɪkɒn/ silicium is the Chemical element that has the symbol Si and Atomic number 14 Gallium arsenide ( GaAs) is a compound of two elements Gallium and Arsenic. Superconductivity is a phenomenon occurring in certain Materials generally at very low Temperatures characterized by exactly zero electrical resistance Yttrium barium copper oxide, often abbreviated YBCO is a Chemical compound with the formula Y[[Barium Ba]]2 Cu 3 O 7 Tentative listing related to this page Inorganic compounds by element (presently under construction as well as:CategoryChemical compounds by element. This page aims to list concisely all of the common inorganic and Organometallic compounds of each element whether or not they have an existing page An organic compound is any member of a large class of Chemical compounds whose Molecules contain Carbon.Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic