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WikiProject Political Parties
Indirect election is a process in which voters in an election do not actually choose between candidates for an office but rather elect persons who will then make the choice. An election is a Decision-making process by which a population chooses an individual to hold formal office Politics Politics is the process by which groups of people make decisions Sortition, also known as allotment, is an equal-chance method of selection by some form of lottery such as drawing coloured pebbles from a bag A by-election or bye-election (called special election in the United States) is an Election held to fill a political office that has become vacant Electoral fraud is illegal interference with the process of an Election. A show election or a sham election is an Election that is held purely for show that is without any significant political purpose A Fixed-term election is an Election that occurs on a set date and cannot be changed by the incumbent politician A general election is an Election in which all or most members of a given political body are up for election A primary election ( nominating primary) also referred to simply as a primary, is an election in which voters in a Jurisdiction select candidates Local Elections vary widely across Jurisdictions In Electoral systems that roughly follow the Westminster model, a terminology has evolved A referendum (plural referendums or referenda) ballot question, or plebiscite (from Latin plebiscita Apportionment is the process of allocating political power among a set of principles (or defined constituencies In multiple-party democratic primary elections crossover voting refers to a technique used by voters in which ballots are cast for the party a voter is opposed to in order to elect Gerrymandering is a form of redistribution in which electoral district or Constituency boundaries are manipulated for electoral advantage Redistricting, a form of redistribution, is the process of changing of political Borders in the United States The secret ballot is a voting method in which a Voter 's choices are confidential Suffrage (from the Latin suffragium, meaning "voting tablet" and figuratively "right to vote" probably from suffrago "hough" and originally A political party is a Political organization that seeks to attain and maintain political power within Government, usually by participating in electoral A voting system allows voters to choose between options often in an Election where candidates are selected for public office. Elections by country gives information on Elections For each De jure and De facto sovereign state and dependent territory The list of election results by country gives information on Elections For each De jure and De facto sovereign state and An election is a Decision-making process by which a population chooses an individual to hold formal office This process is used in many union elections and sometimes in professional, civic, and fraternal organizations, as well as in the election for President of the United States. A trade union or labour union is an organization of workers who have banded together to achieve common goals in key areas such as wages hours and working conditions forming The President of the United States is the Head of state and Head of government of the United States and is the highest political official in United States by
In the United States, the President is elected indirectly. Voters elect a slate of candidates for the Electoral College, which in turn elects the President. An electoral college is a set of many electors who are empowered to elect a candidate to a particular Office. A similar process has been used in the past in some emerging democracies. South Korea, Poland, Slovakia and the Republic of the Philippines initially had indirect elections for their presidencies, but new constiutions have seen direct elections for these offices. South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea and often referred to as Korea ( Korean: 대한민국 tɛː Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland Slovakia (long form Slovak Republic; Slovak:, long form, is a Landlocked country in Central Europe with a population of over five million The Philippines ( Filipino: Pilipinas, officially known as the Republic of the Philippines (fil ''Republika ng Pilipinas'' RP Direct election is a term describing a system of choosing political officeholders in which the voters directly cast ballots for the person persons or political party that they desire to Other emerging democracies, such as the Czech Republic, Estonia, Latvia, and Hungary were still indirectly electing their presidents by their respective parliaments as of 2008. The Czech Republic ( ˈt͡ʃɛskaː ˈrɛpuˌblɪka short form in Česko ˈt͡ʃɛskɔ also called Czechia, Estonia, officially the Republic of Estonia ( Eesti or Eesti Vabariik) is a Country in Northern Europe in the Baltic region Latvia ( Latvija officially the Republic of Latvia (Latvijas Republika is a Country in Northern Europe in the Baltic region. Hungary (Magyarország 'mɔɟɔrorsaːg) officially in English the Republic of Hungary ( Magyar Köztársaság, literally Magyar (Hungarian Republic 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common The Electoral College of the United States is by far the most long-lived of all methods of indirect election of a national president. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the
Indirect political elections have been used for lesser national offices, as well. In the United States, the Senate was elected by the legislatures of the states until 1913, when the Seventeenth Amendment instituted direct elections for those office-holders. The United States Senate is the Upper house of the bicameral United States Congress, the Lower house being the House of Representatives The Seventeenth Amendment ( Amendment XVII) of the United States Constitution was passed by the Senate on June 12 1911 and by the House on May 13 1912 The Twenty-fifth Amendment allows for the possibility, as in the case of Gerald R. Ford, for a person to ascend to the Presidency in a way that completely bypasses the Electoral College, and, thus, any sort of popular vote whatsoever. The Twenty-fifth Amendment ( Amendment XXV) to the United States Constitution partially replaced the ambiguous wording of Article II Section 1 Clause Gerald Rudolph Ford Jr (July 14 1913 December 26 2006 was the thirty-eighth President of the United States, serving from 1974 to 1977 and the fortieth Vice President In France, election to the upper house of Parliament, the Sénat, is indirect, with the electors (called "grand électeurs") being local elected representatives. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. The Senate (Sénat is the Upper house of the Parliament of France, presided over by a president.
Perhaps the most pervasive form of indirect election, however, is for Prime or First Ministers in parliamentary systems. This article is about the government position For other uses see Prime Minister (disambiguation. The term First Minister refers to the leader of a Cabinet. Canada In Canada, "First Ministers" is a collective term that refers to all Canadian A parliamentary system, also known as parliamentarianism (and parliamentarism in American English) is a System of government in which While members of the parliamentary body are elected directly, it is their votes, usually cast for their party leader, which determine who becomes Prime Minister. A party is a Social gathering for Celebration and Recreation. This article is about the government position For other uses see Prime Minister (disambiguation. However, a Prime Minister is more a representative of the parliament, a primus inter pares (first among equals), who has just one vote, just like any other member of parliament, and therefore does not have the power that presidents have. Primus inter pares ( Latin) or First among equals is a phrase which indicates that a person is the most senior of a group of people President is a Title leaders of Organizations companies, Trade unions universities, and countries. Such a system tends to make all elections more about national issues than is generally the case in the U. S. , where it is very commonplace for some districts routinely to vote, often by a large majority, for a Presidential candidate from one party and a member of Congress from the other. A congress is a formal meeting of representatives from different countries (or by extension Constituent States, or independent organisations (such as different Trade Then again, a parliamentary system usually also has separate elections for lower governments (such as city or province). So the same system may be used at different independent levels, possibly even with different parties. In the United States, this indirect election of legislative power is mirrored in the election of Speaker of the House and Senate Majority Leader. Speaker of the House is a political term referring to a number of people In the United Kingdom and Canada, the Speaker of the House The Senate Majority and Minority Leaders (also called Senate Floor Leaders) are two United States Senators who are elected by the party conferences Along with all Congressional leadership offices, the Speaker and Majority Leader are chosen by a caucus of the majority party in Congress, while Minority Leaders are chosen by a caucus of the minority party. A two-party system is a form of Party system where two major Political parties dominate voting in nearly all Elections at every A congress is a formal meeting of representatives from different countries (or by extension Constituent States, or independent organisations (such as different Trade In US politics, the minority leader is the Floor Leader of the second-largest Caucus in a legislative body A two-party system is a form of Party system where two major Political parties dominate voting in nearly all Elections at every
See also
External links
- A handbook of electoral system Design from International IDEA
- Electoral Design Reference from the ACE Project
- "Electoral College" by William C. Democracy Democracy History of democracy Varieties Types of democracy Kimberling, Deputy Director of the FEC Office of Election Administration
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