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| Name: | Indiana Territory |
| Existed: | July 4, 1800 – November 7, 1816 |
| Size: | 1800: apr. Events 836 - Pactum Sicardi, peace between the Principality of Benevento and the Duchy of Naples Year -of the Julian calendar. The Gregorian calendar was 11 days ahead of the Julian calendar until Friday, but 12 days ahead since Saturday. Events 1492 - The Ensisheim Meteorite the oldest Meteorite with a known date of impact strikes the Earth around noon in a Wheat Year 1816 ( MDCCCXVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year 259,824 sq mi 1816: apr. 36,418 sq mi |
| Capitol: | 1800–1813: Vincennes 1813–1816: Corydon |
| Population: | 1800: 2,632 1816: 64,281 |
Indiana Territory was an organized territory of the United States from 1800 to 1816, created by Act of Congress and signed into law by President John Adams on May 7, 1800, effective on July 4. The city of Vincennes is the County seat of Knox County, Indiana. Corydon is a town in Harrison Township, Harrison County, Indiana, United States and a former capital of the State of Indiana Territories of the United States are one type of political division of the United States, administered by the U The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The United States Congress is the bicameral Legislature of the federal government of the United States of America, consisting of two houses John Adams (October 30 1735 July 4 1826 was one of the most influential Founding Fathers of the United States. Events 558 - In Constantinople, the dome of the Hagia Sophia collapses Year -of the Julian calendar. The Gregorian calendar was 11 days ahead of the Julian calendar until Friday, but 12 days ahead since Saturday. Events 836 - Pactum Sicardi, peace between the Principality of Benevento and the Duchy of Naples It was the first new territory created from lands of the Northwest Territory, which had been organized in 1787 by the Northwest Ordinance. For the Canadian territory see Northwest Territories. For the northwestern corner of the Lower 48 see Northwestern United States. The Northwest Ordinance (formally An Ordinance for the Government of the Territory of the United States North-West of the River Ohio, and also known as the Freedom The territory originally contained approximately 259,824 square miles of land The territory ceased to exist when Indiana statehood was approved in 1816.
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The original boundaries of the territory included the area of the Northwest Territory west of the Great Miami River and a line extending north from its headwaters in Indian Lake (in present-day Logan County, Ohio) along approximately 83 deg 45 min W longitude. The Great Miami River (also called the Miami River) is a tributary of the Ohio River, approximately Indian Lake is a Lake in Logan County in western Ohio in the United States. Logan County is a County located in the state of Ohio, United States. The territory included all of present-day Indiana, Illinois, Wisconsin, as well as the portions of Minnesota originally part of the Northwest Territory. The State of Indiana ( was the 19th US state admitted into the union The State of Illinois ( roughly ill-i-NOY is a state of the United States of America, the 21st to be admitted to the Union. Wisconsin ( or wɪˈskɑnsɨn (French Ouisconsin) is one of the fifty United States of America, located in the north central part of the United States Minnesota ( Native Americans demonstrated the name to early settlers It also included almost all of the upper peninsula of present-day Michigan and the western half of the lower peninsula. The Upper Peninsula of Michigan is the northern of the two major land masses that comprise the U Michigan ( is a Midwestern state of the United States of America. The Lower Peninsula of Michigan is surrounded by water on all sides except its southern border which it shares with Ohio and Indiana. It also included the portion of present-day Ohio west of the Great Miami River. Ohio ( is a Midwestern state of the United States. As part of the Great Lakes region, Ohio has long been a cultural and geographical crossroads This latter parcel became part of the state of Ohio when it was admitted to the Union in 1803. The eastern half of Michigan was added to the Indiana Territory at that time. The area of the territory was reduced in 1805 by the creation of the Michigan Territory, and in 1809 by the creation of the Illinois Territory. Michigan Territory was an Organized territory of the United States in the early 19th century between June 30, 1805 and January 26 Illinois Territory was a historic Organized territory of the United States established on March 1, 1809.
| # | Name | Took office | Left office | Appointed by |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | William Henry Harrison | May 13, 1800 | December 28, 1812 | John Adams, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison |
| 2 | John Gibson1 | December 28, 1812 | March 3, 1813 | |
| 3 | Thomas Posey | March 3, 1813 | November 7, 1816 | James Madison |
Notes
1John Gibson is sometimes known as Indiana's second territorial governor. List of Governors of Indiana Territory List of Governors of the State of Indiana This article is about the general and president For his great-great-grandson see William H John Adams (October 30 1735 July 4 1826 was one of the most influential Founding Fathers of the United States. Thomas Jefferson (April 13 1743 – July 4 1826 was the third President of the United States (1801–1809 the principal author of the Declaration of Independence James Madison Jr (March 16 1751 – June 28 1836 was an American Politician, the fourth President of the United States (1809–1817 and one of the Founding John Gibson ( May 23, 1740 – 10 April 1822) was the Territorial Secretary of the Indiana Territory. Thomas Posey ( July 9 1750 - March 29 1818) was a officer in the American Revolution, a General during peacetime Lt James Madison Jr (March 16 1751 – June 28 1836 was an American Politician, the fourth President of the United States (1809–1817 and one of the Founding In actuality he only served as acting governor of the Indiana Territory during the absences of Governor William Henry Harrison.
The Northwest Territory was formed by the Congress of the Confederation on July 13, 1787, and included all land between the Appalachia and the Mississippi River, the Great Lakes and the Ohio River. The history of Indiana is an examination of the history social activity and development of the inhabitants and institutions within the borders of modern Indiana, a U The Treaty of Greenville was signed at Fort Greenville (now Greenville Ohio) on August 3, 1795, between a coalition of Native Americans For the Canadian territory see Northwest Territories. For the northwestern corner of the Lower 48 see Northwestern United States. The Congress of the Confederation or the United States in Congress Assembled was the governing body of the United States of America from March 1, Events 1174 - William I of Scotland, a key rebel in the Revolt of 1173-1174, is captured at Alnwick by forces loyal to Year 1787 ( MDCCLXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Appalachia is a term used to describe a region in the eastern United States that stretches from southern New York state to northern Alabama, The Mississippi River is the second longest River in the United States, with a length of from its source in Lake Itasca in Minnesota to The Laurentian Great Lakes are a chain of freshwater lakes located in eastern North America, on the Canada–United States border. The Ohio River is the largest Tributary by volume of the Mississippi River. This single territory became the states of Ohio, Michigan, Indiana, Illinois, Wisconsin, and eastern Minnesota. Ohio ( is a Midwestern state of the United States. As part of the Great Lakes region, Ohio has long been a cultural and geographical crossroads Michigan ( is a Midwestern state of the United States of America. The State of Indiana ( was the 19th US state admitted into the union The State of Illinois ( roughly ill-i-NOY is a state of the United States of America, the 21st to be admitted to the Union. Wisconsin ( or wɪˈskɑnsɨn (French Ouisconsin) is one of the fifty United States of America, located in the north central part of the United States Minnesota ( Native Americans demonstrated the name to early settlers The Northwest Territory act had all the newly acquired territory surveyed according to the The Land Ordinance of 1785 for future development by the United States. The Land Ordinance of 1785 was adopted by the United States Congress on May 20, 1785. The act also provided an administration to oversee the territory.
At the time the territory was created, there where only three American settlements in what would become the Indiana Territory, Vincennes, Kaskaskia and Clark's Grant. The city of Vincennes is the County seat of Knox County, Indiana. Kaskaskia is a village in Randolph County, Illinois, United States. Clarksville is a town in Clark County, Indiana, along the Ohio River as apart of the Louisville Metropolitan area. The entire population was under 5,000 Europeans. The Native American population was estimated to be near 20,000. [1]
In 1785, the Northwest Indian War started. The Northwest Indian War (1785&ndash1795 also known as Little Turtle's War and by various other names was a war fought between the United States and In an attempt to end the native rebellion, the Miami town of Kekionga was attacked unsuccessfully by General Josiah Harmar and Northwest Territory governor Arthur St. Clair. Josiah Harmar ( November 10, 1753 – August 20, 1813) was an officer in the United States Army during the American Revolution Arthur St Clair (March 23 1736 August 31 1818 was the ninth President of the Continental Congress under the Articles of Confederation, a general in the [2] St. Clair's defeat is considered the worst defeat of the U. The Battle of the Wabash, also known as St Clair's Defeat and the Battle of Wabash River, was fought on November 4, 1791, in the Northwest S. army by Native Americans in history. The defeat led to the appointment of General "Mad Anthony" Wayne who organized the Legion of the United States and defeated a Native American force at the Battle of Fallen Timbers in 1794. Anthony Wayne (January 1 1745–December 15 1796 was a United States Army general and statesman The Legion of the United States was a reorganization and extension of the United States Army in 1792 under the command of Major General Anthony Wayne. The Battle of Fallen Timbers ( August 20, 1794) was the final battle of the Northwest Indian War, a struggle between American Indians and In 1795 the Treaty of Greenville was signed taking a slice of eastern Indiana for the United States. The Treaty of Greenville was signed at Fort Greenville (now Greenville Ohio) on August 3, 1795, between a coalition of Native Americans Fort Miamis at Kekionga was occupied by the United States, who rebuilt it as Fort Wayne. The powerful Miami nation would consider themselves allies with the United States after the treaty,[3] but a new resistance movement began under Shawnee Chief Tecumseh. The Shawnee, or Shaawanwaki, Shaawanooki and Shaawanowi lenaweeki, are a people native to North America. Tecumseh (March 1768 – October 5, 1813) also Tecumtha or Tekamthi, was a famous Native American leader of the Shawnee
On July 4, 1800, the Indiana Territory was established out of Northwest Territory in preparation for Ohio's statehood. Grouseland, the William Henry Harrison Mansion and Museum is a National Historic Landmark in architectural and historical fields This article is about the general and president For his great-great-grandson see William H Events 836 - Pactum Sicardi, peace between the Principality of Benevento and the Duchy of Naples Year -of the Julian calendar. The Gregorian calendar was 11 days ahead of the Julian calendar until Friday, but 12 days ahead since Saturday. Ohio ( is a Midwestern state of the United States. As part of the Great Lakes region, Ohio has long been a cultural and geographical crossroads The capitol of the new territory was to be Vincennes, a former French trading post and one of the only three white settlements in the vast territory. The city of Vincennes is the County seat of Knox County, Indiana. [4] The name Indiana meant "Land of the Indians", and referred to the fact that most of the area north of the Ohio River was still inhabited by Native Americans. The Ohio River is the largest Tributary by volume of the Mississippi River. (Kentucky, South of the Ohio River, had been a traditional hunting ground for tribes that resided north of the river, and early American settlers in Kentucky referred to the North bank as the land of the Indians. The Commonwealth of Kentucky ( is a state located in the East Central United States of America. ) The Indiana Territory contained present day Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin and part of Minnesota. Those areas were separated out in 1809. The first Governor of the Territory was William Henry Harrison, who served from 1800 until 1813. This article is about the general and president For his great-great-grandson see William H Harrison County was named in honor of Harrison, who later become the ninth President of The United States. Harrison County is a County located in the south-central part of the U The President of the United States is the Head of state and Head of government of the United States and is the highest political official in United States by Harrison was succeeded by Thomas Posey in 1813 who served until 1816. Thomas Posey ( July 9 1750 - March 29 1818) was a officer in the American Revolution, a General during peacetime Lt
As governor, Harrison had wide ranging powers in the new territory including the authority to appoint all territory officials, the territorial legislature, and dividing the territory into districts. A primary responsibility as territorial governor was to obtain title to Native American lands so that white settlement could expand in the area and the region could attain statehood. Native Americans in the United States are the indigenous peoples from the regions of North America now encompassed by the continental United States [5] Harrison was also extremely eager to expand the territory for personal reasons, as his own political fortunes were tied to Indiana's rise to statehood. In 1803 President Thomas Jefferson granted Harrison authority to negotiate and conclude treaties with the Indians. The President of the United States is the Head of state and Head of government of the United States and is the highest political official in United States by Thomas Jefferson (April 13 1743 – July 4 1826 was the third President of the United States (1801–1809 the principal author of the Declaration of Independence Harrison oversaw the creation of thirteen treaties, purchasing more than 60,000,000 acres (240,000 km²) of land including much of present day Indiana from Native American leaders. The State of Indiana ( was the 19th US state admitted into the union The Treaty of Grouseland in 1805 was thought by Harrison to have appeased Native Americans. But tensions remained high on the frontier and became much greater after the 1809 Treaty of Fort Wayne, in which Harrison illegally purchased more than 2,500,000 acres (10,000 km²) of American Indian land. The Treaty of Fort Wayne is an 1809 treaty that obtained 3000000 acres (approximately 12000 km² of American Indian land for the white settlers of Ohio [6]
In 1803 Harrison lobbied Congress to repeal the Article 6 of the Northwest Ordinance to permit slavery in the Indiana Territory. The Northwest Ordinance (formally An Ordinance for the Government of the Territory of the United States North-West of the River Ohio, and also known as the Freedom He claimed it was necessary to make the region more appealing to settlers and ultimately make the territory economically viable. Congress suspended the article for ten years and the territories covered by the ordinance were granted the right to decide for their selves whether to permit slavery. That same year Harrison had indenturing legalized by the territorial legislature which he had appointed. He then proceeded to attempt to have slavery legalized outright in both 1805 and 1807. His attempts caused a significant stir in the territory. In 1809 he found himself at odds with the legislature when the abolitionist party came to power. They promptly rebuffed many of his plans for slavery and repealed the indenturing laws he had passed in 1803. [7]
From 1800 to 1813, the territorial capital was Vincennes. This article is about the general and president For his great-great-grandson see William H List of Governors of Indiana Territory List of Governors of the State of Indiana The President of the United States is the Head of state and Head of government of the United States and is the highest political official in United States by The city of Vincennes is the County seat of Knox County, Indiana. Corydon served as the second territorial capital from 1813 to 1816, and would later serve as the first capital upon being granted Statehood. Corydon is a town in Harrison Township, Harrison County, Indiana, United States and a former capital of the State of Indiana Originally the territory had just three counties: St. Clair, Wayne, and Knox. St Clair County is a County located in the US state of Illinois, and determined by the U Wayne County is a county in the US state of Michigan. As of the 2000 census, the population was 2061162 with an estimated population of Knox County is a County located in Indiana in the United States. Knox County contained all of present-day Indiana. William Henry Harrison was the Governor of the Indiana Territory from May 13, 1800 to December 28, 1812. This article is about the general and president For his great-great-grandson see William H Events 1497 - Pope Alexander VI excommunicates Girolamo Savonarola. Year -of the Julian calendar. The Gregorian calendar was 11 days ahead of the Julian calendar until Friday, but 12 days ahead since Saturday. Events 1065 - Westminster Abbey is Consecrated. 1308 - The reign of Emperor Hanazono, Emperor of Year 1812 ( MDCCCXII) a leap year started on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year John Gibson, the Territorial Secretary, was acting Governor during Harrison's absences from July 4, 1800 to January 10, 1801 and from June 1812 to May 1813. John Gibson ( May 23, 1740 – 10 April 1822) was the Territorial Secretary of the Indiana Territory. Events 836 - Pactum Sicardi, peace between the Principality of Benevento and the Duchy of Naples Year -of the Julian calendar. The Gregorian calendar was 11 days ahead of the Julian calendar until Friday, but 12 days ahead since Saturday. Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signaling the start of civil war. Year 1801 ( MDCCCI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting on Tuesday Thomas Posey was appointed Governor in March 3, 1813 and served until the state's first Governor was sworn into office on November 7, 1816. Thomas Posey ( July 9 1750 - March 29 1818) was a officer in the American Revolution, a General during peacetime Lt Events 1284 - Statute of Rhuddlan incorporated the Principality of Wales into England 1575 - Indian Year 1813 ( MDCCCXIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 1492 - The Ensisheim Meteorite the oldest Meteorite with a known date of impact strikes the Earth around noon in a Wheat Year 1816 ( MDCCCXVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year
The first capitol was established in Vincennes where it remained for thirteen years. After the territory was reorganized in 1809, the legislature made plans to move the capitol to Corydon to be more centralized with the population. Corydon is a town in Harrison Township, Harrison County, Indiana, United States and a former capital of the State of Indiana The new capitol building was finished in 1813 and the government relocated to Corydon. The Corydon Historic District of Corydon Indiana, United States, is on the National Register of Historic Places. Corydon itself was established in 1808 on land donated by William Henry Harrison. [8]
As the population of the territory grew so did the people's exercise of their freedoms. In 1809, the territory was granted permission to fully elect its own legislature for the first time. Prior to that time, the legislature had been appointed by Governor Harrison. Slavery in Indiana was the major issue in the territory at the time and the anti-slavery party won a strong majority in the first election. Slavery in Indiana occurred between the time of French rule during late seventeenth century and 1826 with a few traces of slavery afterward Governor Harrison found himself at odds with and overruled by the new legislature which proceeded to overturn the indenturing and slavery laws he had enacted. Slavery was the defining issue in the state for the decades to follow. [9]
From October 1, 1804 until July 4, 1805, administrative powers of the District of Louisiana were extended to the governor and judges of the Indiana Territory. The District of Louisiana or Louisiana District was an official United States government designation for the portion of the Louisiana Purchase that had Events 331 BC - Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of Gaugamela. Year 1804 ( MDCCCIV) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Events 836 - Pactum Sicardi, peace between the Principality of Benevento and the Duchy of Naples Year 1805 ( MDCCCV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or The District of Louisiana or Louisiana District was an official United States government designation for the portion of the Louisiana Purchase that had Under the terms of the act establishing the temporary government, the Governor and Judges of the Indiana Territory were supposed to meet twice a year in St. Louis, Missouri. Residents of the new district objected to many of the provisions of the new United States government. On July 4, 1805, the territory west of the Mississippi became Louisiana Territory. Events 836 - Pactum Sicardi, peace between the Principality of Benevento and the Duchy of Naples Year 1805 ( MDCCCV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or Louisiana Territory was a historic Organized territory of the United States from July 4, 1805 until December 11, 1812.
One of the most notable events during this period was the Treaty of St. Louis in which the Sac and Fox ceded northeastern Missouri, northern Illinois and southern Wisconsin to the United States. The Treaty of St Louis is one of many treaties signed between the United States and various Native American tribes "Outagamie" redirects here For the Wisconsin county see Outagamie County Wisconsin. Resentments over this treaty were to cause the tribes to side with the British during the War of 1812 in raids along the Missouri, Ohio and Mississippi Rivers and was to spur the Black Hawk War in 1832. The War of 1812 was fought between the United States of America and the British Empire, particularly Great Britain and her North American colonies The Black Hawk War was fought in 1832 in the Midwestern United States.
The first major event in the territory was the resumption of hostilities with the Indians. Unhappy with their treatment since the peace of 1795, the native tribes, let by the Shawnee Chief Tecumseh and his brother, rose up against the Americans. The Shawnee, or Shaawanwaki, Shaawanooki and Shaawanowi lenaweeki, are a people native to North America. Tecumseh (March 1768 – October 5, 1813) also Tecumtha or Tekamthi, was a famous Native American leader of the Shawnee Tecumseh's War started in 1811 when General William Henry Harrison led his army to rebuff the aggressive movements of Tecumseh's confederation. Tecumseh's War or Tecumseh's Rebellion are terms sometimes used to describe a conflict in the Old Northwest between the United States and an American [10] The war continued until the Battle of Tippecanoe which firmly ending the Native American uprising and allowed the Americans to take full control of all of Indiana. The Battle of Tippecanoe was fought in 1811 between United States forces led by Governor William Henry Harrison of the Indiana Territory and forces The Battle earned Harrison national fame, and the nickname "Old Tippecanoe". [11] The victory opened up central Indiana to settlement allowed settlers to venture beyond the southern periphery of the state.
The war between Tecumseh and Harrison merged with the War of 1812 when the Indian Confederation allied with the British in Canada. Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page The Battle of Fort Harrison is considered by some to be the United States' first land victory during the war. For the Civil War battle of Fort Harrison see Battle of Chaffin's Farm/New Market Heights The Battle of Fort Harrison was a victory for the Other battles that occurred in the modern state of Indiana include the Siege of Fort Wayne, the Pigeon Roost Massacre and the Battle of the Mississinewa. The Siege of Fort Wayne took place during the War of 1812, between United States and American Indian forces in the wake of the successful British Pigeon Roost State Historic Site is located between Scottsburg and Henryville Indiana, near Underwood Indiana. Battle of the Mississinewa, also known as Mississineway, was an expedition ordered by William Henry Harrison against Miami Indian villages The Treaty of Ghent, signed in 1814, ended the War and relieved American settlers from their fears of the nearby British and their Indian allies. The Treaty of Ghent ( signed on December 24 1814, in Ghent, currently in Belgium, was the peace treaty that ended the War of 1812 [12] For the first time, the United States had firm control over the Indiana Territory.
In 1812, Jonathan Jennings defeated Harrison's chosen candidate and became the territory's representative to Congress. Jonathan Jennings (1784&ndashJuly 26 1834 was a Democratic-Republican governor and senator from Indiana. Jonathan Jennings (1784&ndashJuly 26 1834 was a Democratic-Republican governor and senator from Indiana. The United States Congress is the bicameral Legislature of the federal government of the United States of America, consisting of two houses Jennings used his position there to speed up Indiana's path to statehood by immediately introducing legislation to grant Indiana statehood, even though the population of the entire territory was under 25,000. Jennings did this against the wishes of then-governor Thomas Posey. Thomas Posey ( July 9 1750 - March 29 1818) was a officer in the American Revolution, a General during peacetime Lt No action was taken on the legislation at the time though because of the outbreak of the War of 1812.
Posey had created a rift in the politics of the territory by refusing to reside in the capitol of Corydon, but instead living in Jeffersonville to be closer to his doctor. Jeffersonville (ˈdʒɛfɚsənˌvɪl is a city in Clark County, Indiana, along the Ohio River. [13] He further complicated matters by being a supporter of slavery much to the chagrin of opponents like Jennings, Dennis Pennington, and others who dominated the Territorial Legislature who sought to use the bid for statehood to permanently end slavery in the state. Dennis Pennington ( May 18, 1776 - December 2, 1854) was an early Indiana legislator speaker of the first Indiana
In February 1815, the United States House of Representatives began debate on granting Indiana Territory statehood. The United States House of Representatives is one of the two chambers of the United States Congress; the other is the Senate. On May 13, 1816, the Enabling Act was passed and the state was granted permission to form a government subject to the approval of Congress. Events 1497 - Pope Alexander VI excommunicates Girolamo Savonarola. Year 1816 ( MDCCCXVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year The United States Congress is the bicameral Legislature of the federal government of the United States of America, consisting of two houses [14] A constitutional convention met in 1816 in Corydon. Corydon is a town in Harrison Township, Harrison County, Indiana, United States and a former capital of the State of Indiana The state's first constitution was drawn up on June 10. There have been two Constitutions of the State of Indiana. The first constitution was created when the Territory of Indiana sent forty-three delegates to a constitutional convention The 43 delegates in charge of writing the state's constitution met inside the original Harrison County Courthouse. The Corydon Historic District of Corydon Indiana, United States, is on the National Register of Historic Places. Because of cramped conditions inside the log courthouse and the summer heat, the delegates often sought refuge outside under a giant elm tree next to Big Indian Creek. Elms are Deciduous and Semi-deciduous Trees comprising the genus Ulmus, family Ulmaceae, found [15] This tree is now known as the Constitution Elm, and its trunk is still preserved. [16][17]