The State of Indiana
Flag of Indiana Seal Nickname(s): The Hoosier State Motto(s): The Crossroads of America
Official language(s)	English
Demonym	Hoosier [1]
Capital	Indianapolis
Largest city	Indianapolis
Largest metro area	Indianapolis-Carmel MSA
Area	Ranked 38th in the US
- Total	36,418 sq mi (94,321 km²)
- Width	140 miles (225 km)
- Length	270 miles (435 km)
- % water	1. The flag of Indiana was designed by Paul Hadley and officially adopted by the state of Indiana on May 31, 1917. The seal of Indiana is used by the Governor of Indiana to certify official documents This is a list of US state nicknames, including officially adopted Nicknames and other traditional nicknames for individual states of the United States. Hoosier (ˈhuːʒɚ is the official Demonym for a resident of the U Here is a list of state Mottos for the states of the United States of America. The United States does not have an Official language; however the majority of the population speaks English as a native language (about 82% English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States A demonym or gentilic is a word that denotes the members of a People or the inhabitants of a place Hoosier (ˈhuːʒɚ is the official Demonym for a resident of the U Washington DC has been the capital of the United States since 1800 This is a list of the largest cities of US states by population Table of United States Metropolitan Statistical Areas|Table of United States Core Based Statistical AreasIn the United States, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB has produced The Indianapolis - Carmel, IN Metropolitan Statistical Area is the 33rd largest Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA in the United States Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. This is a complete list of the states of the United States and its major territories ordered by total area, land area, and water area The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of The kilometre ( American spelling: kilometer) symbol km is a unit of Length in the Metric system, equal to one thousand 5
- Latitude	37° 46′ N to 41° 46′ N
- Longitude	84° 47′ W to 88° 6′ W
Population	Ranked 15th in the US
- Total	6,313,520
- Density	169. In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology This is a list of states of the United States by population (with inhabited non-state jurisdictions included for comparison as of July 1, 2007, according to the This article is a list of the 50 US States ordered by Population density. 5/sq mi  65. 46/km² (16th in the US)
Elevation
- Highest point	Hoosier Hill Wayne County[2] 1,257 ft  (383 m)
- Mean	689 ft  (210 m)
- Lowest point	Ohio River and mouth of Wabash River Posey County[2] 320 ft  (98 m)
Admission to Union	December 11, 1816 (19th)
Governor	Mitch Daniels (R)
Lieutenant Governor	Becky Skillman (R)
U.S. Senators	Richard Lugar (R) Evan Bayh (D)
Congressional Delegation	List
Time zones
- 80 counties	Eastern UTC-5/-4
- 12 counties in Evansville and Gary Metro Areas	Central: UTC-6/-5
Abbreviations	IN US-IN
Website	www.in.gov

The State of Indiana (IPA: /ˌɪndiˈænə/) was the 19^th U.S. state admitted into the union. Wikipedia_talkFeatured_lists#Proposed_change_to_all_featured_lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below --> Hoosier Hill is the highest point in the state of Indiana at 1257 feet (383 m Wayne County is a County located in the US state of Indiana. As of 2000 the population was 71097 The Ohio River is the largest Tributary by volume of the Mississippi River. The Wabash River is a long River in the eastern United States that flows southwest from northwest Ohio near St Posey County is a County located in the US state of Indiana. As of 2000 the population was 27061 Wikipedia_talkFeatured_lists#Proposed_change_to_all_featured_lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->This is a list of U Events 359 - Honoratus, the first known Prefect of the City of Constantinople, takes office Year 1816 ( MDCCCXVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year A governor is a governing official usually the executive (at least nominally to different degrees also politically and administratively of a non-sovereign level of government Mitchell Elias "Mitch" Daniels Jr (born April 7, 1949 in Monongahela PA) is the current Governor of the U This is a complete and current List of United States Lieutenant Governors. Rebecca "Becky" Skillman (born September 26, 1950 in Bedford Indiana) is the 50th and current Lieutenant Governor of the State of Indiana The United States Senate is the Upper house of the bicameral United States Congress, the Lower house being the House of Representatives Richard Green "Dick" Lugar (born April 4, 1932) is the senior United States Senator from Indiana. The United States Congress is the bicameral Legislature of the federal government of the United States of America, consisting of two houses These are tables of congressional delegations from Indiana to the United States Senate and United States House of Representatives. This is a list of United States of America States by time zone The Eastern Time Zone ( ET) of the Western Hemisphere falls mostly along the east coast of North America and the west coast of South America Daylight saving time ( DST Evansville (ˈɛvənzˌvɪl is the third-largest city in the U The Central Time Zone observes Standard time by subtracting six hours from UTC during standard time ( UTC−6) and five hours during Daylight saving Daylight saving time ( DST The traditional abbreviations for US states and territories were widely used in mailing addresses prior to the introduction of two-letter U ISO 3166-2US is an ISO standard which defines Geocodes it is the subset of ISO 3166-2 which applies to the United States of America. A website (alternatively web site or Web site, a back-construction from the Proper noun World Wide Web) is a collection of Web pages A US state is any one of the fifty subnational entities of the United States of America that share Sovereignty with the federal government It is located in the midwestern region of the United States of America. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the With about 6. 3 million residents, it is ranked 15^th in population and 17^th in population density. In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume ^[3] Indiana is ranked 38^th in land area, and is the smallest contiguous state west of the Appalachian Mountains. The term continental United States refers to the 48 contiguous states located on the North American continent south of the border with Canada plus the District

Indiana is a diverse state with a few large urban areas and a number of smaller industrial cities. It is known nationally for its sports teams and athletic events; the Indianapolis Colts, champions of the 2006 NFL season's Super Bowl, the NBA Indiana Pacers and for the Indianapolis 500 motorsports race, the largest single-day sporting event in the world, and for a strong basketball tradition, often called Hoosier Hysteria. The Indianapolis Colts are a professional American football team based in Indianapolis Indiana. The 2006 season of the National Football League (NFL was the 87th one played by the major professional American football league in the United Super Bowl XLI was an American football game played on February 4 2007 at Dolphin Stadium in Miami Gardens, Florida, a suburb of The Indianapolis 500-Mile Race, often shortened to Indianapolis 500 or Indy 500, and historically known simply as "The 500" is an American Auto racing (also known as automobile racing, motor racing or car racing) is a Motorsport involving Racing Cars It Hoosier Hysteria is the state of excitement surrounding the Indiana high school basketball tournament.

Residents of Indiana are often called Hoosiers. Hoosier (ˈhuːʒɚ is the official Demonym for a resident of the U Although many stories are told, the origin of the term is unknown. The state's name means "Land of the Indians", or simply "Indian Land". Native Americans in the United States are the indigenous peoples from the regions of North America now encompassed by the continental United States The name dates back to at least 1800, when Indiana Territory was created, at which time the territory was unceded Indian land. Indiana Territory was an Organized territory of the United States from 1800 to 1816 created by Act of Congress and signed into law by President ^[4] Angel Mounds State Historic Site, one of the best preserved prehistoric Native American sites in the United States, can be found in south-western Indiana near Evansville. Angel Mounds State Historic Site is located on the Ohio River in Vanderburgh County Indiana adjacent to Evansville and just upriver of the confluence of Native Americans in the United States are the indigenous peoples from the regions of North America now encompassed by the continental United States The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Evansville (ˈɛvənzˌvɪl is the third-largest city in the U ^[5]

Contents 1 Geography 1.1 Northern Indiana 1.2 Central Indiana 1.3 Southern Indiana 1.4 Climate 2 History 2.1 Pioneer Era 2.2 Transportation 3 Demographics 3.1 Religion 4 Cities and towns 5 Politics 6 Administrative divisions 6.1 Town Council 7 Economy 8 Energy 8.1 Sources of energy (2001) 9 Transportation 9.1 Airports 9.2 Highways 9.3 County roads 9.4 Rail 9.5 Ports 10 Education 11 Sports 11.1 Auto racing 11.2 Basketball 11.3 College sports 12 Miscellaneous 12.1 Military installations 12.2 Time zones 12.3 State symbols 12.4 Famous Hoosiers 13 See also 14 References 15 Bibliography 16 External links

Geography

See also: Geography of Indiana, List of Indiana rivers, and Watersheds of Indiana

Indiana is bounded on the north by Lake Michigan and the state of Michigan; on the east by Ohio; on the south by Kentucky, with which it shares the Ohio River as a border; and on the west by Illinois. The Geography of Indiana refers to the US State of Indiana. Regions The state of Indiana is divided into several Cultural regions List of Rivers in Indiana ( US state) Alphabetically Anderson River Black River (Owensville The Watersheds of Indiana consist of six distinct Indiana watershed regions that drain in to five major bodies of water Lake Michigan is one of the five Great Lakes of North America, and the only one located entirely within the United States. Michigan ( is a Midwestern state of the United States of America. Ohio ( is a Midwestern state of the United States. As part of the Great Lakes region, Ohio has long been a cultural and geographical crossroads The Commonwealth of Kentucky ( is a state located in the East Central United States of America. The Ohio River is the largest Tributary by volume of the Mississippi River. The State of Illinois ( roughly ill-i-NOY is a state of the United States of America, the 21st to be admitted to the Union. Indiana is one of the Great Lakes states. The Laurentian Great Lakes are a chain of freshwater lakes located in eastern North America, on the Canada–United States border.

The northern boundary of the states of Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois was originally defined to be a latitudinal line drawn through the southernmost tip of Lake Michigan. Since such a line would not provide Indiana with usable frontage on the lake, its northern border was shifted ten miles (16 km) north. The northern borders of Ohio and Illinois were also shifted from this original plan. ^[6]

The 475 mile (764 km) long Wabash River bisects the state from northeast to southwest before flowing south, mostly along the Indiana-Illinois border. The Wabash River is a long River in the eastern United States that flows southwest from northwest Ohio near St The river has given Indiana a few theme songs, such as On the Banks of the Wabash, The Wabash Cannonball and Back Home Again, In Indiana. "On the Banks of the Wabash Far Away" is the state of Indiana's official state song. " The Wabash Cannonball " is an American folk song about a fictional train thought to have originated sometime in the late Nineteenth century. " (Back Home Again in Indiana " is a song composed by Ballard MacDonald and James Hanley first published in January of 1917 ^[7][8] The Wabash is also the longest free-flowing river east of the Mississippi; 400 miles (640 km) from the Huntington dam to the Ohio River. The White River (a tributary of the Wabash, which is a tributary of the Ohio) zigzags through central Indiana.

There are 24 Indiana state parks, nine man-made reservoirs, and hundreds of lakes in the state. The US state of Indiana has 25 State parks maintained and operated by Indiana Department of Natural Resources (DNR A reservoir is most broadly a place or hollow vessel where Fluid is kept in Reserve, for later use Areas under the control and protection of the National Park Service or the United States Forest Service include:^[9]

• George Rogers Clark National Historical Park in Vincennes
• Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore near Michigan City
• Lincoln Boyhood National Memorial in Lincoln City
• Hoosier National Forest in Bedford

Northern Indiana

The northwest corner of the state is part of the Chicago metropolitan area and has nearly one million residents. The National Park Service ( NPS) is the United States federal agency that manages all National Parks, many National Monuments, and other conservation George Rogers Clark National Historical Park is a United States National Historical Park located in downtown Vincennes, Indiana, on the The city of Vincennes is the County seat of Knox County, Indiana. Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore is a US National lakeshore located in northwest Indiana that was authorized by Congress in 1966 Michigan City is a city in LaPorte County, Indiana, USA It is one of two principal cities of and is included in the Michigan City- La Porte Indiana Lincoln Boyhood National Memorial is a United States Presidential Memorial that preserves the Lincoln City Indiana, farm site where Abraham Lincoln Lincoln City is a settlement in Carter Township, Spencer County in southwestern Indiana, located five minutes south of I-64 northeast of Evansville The Hoosier National Forest, in the hills of south central Indiana, is a property managed by the United States Forest Service. Bedford is a city in Shawswick Township, Lawrence County, Indiana, United States. The Chicago metropolitan area is the Metropolitan area associated with the city of Chicago in the United States and its suburbs ^[10] Gary, and the cities and towns that make up the northern half of Lake, Porter, and La Porte Counties bordering on Lake Michigan, are effectively commuter suburbs of Chicago. Lake County is a county located in the US state of Indiana. In 2000 its population was 484564 making it Indiana's second-most populous county Porter County is a county located in the US state of Indiana. La Porte County is a county located in the US state of Indiana. Lake Michigan is one of the five Great Lakes of North America, and the only one located entirely within the United States. Porter and Lake counties are commonly referred to as "The Calumet Region", or "The Region" for short. The name comes from the fact that the Grand Calumet and Little Calumet rivers run through the area. These counties are all in the Central Time Zone along with Chicago. NICTD owns and operates the South Shore Line, a commuter rail line that runs electric-powered trains between South Bend and Chicago. History Chicago and Indiana Air Line Railway The oldest predecessor of the line was the Chicago and Indiana Air Line Railway, chartered on December 2 History Chicago and Indiana Air Line Railway The oldest predecessor of the line was the Chicago and Indiana Air Line Railway, chartered on December 2 South Bend is a city on the St Joseph river and a twin city of Mishawaka Indiana. Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. ^[11] Sand dunes and heavy industry share the shoreline of Lake Michigan in northern Indiana. Along the shoreline of Lake Michigan in Northern Indiana one can find many parks between the industrial areas. The Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore and the Indiana Dunes State Park are two natural wonders of the area. Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore is a US National lakeshore located in northwest Indiana that was authorized by Congress in 1966 width="280px" style="margin-left 05em">

The area is marked with swell and swale topography as it retreats South from Lake Michigan. The ecology can change dramatically between swells, or on opposite sides of the same swell. Plants and animals adapted to marshes are generally found in the swales, while forests or even prickly pear cactus are found in the dryer swells. Opuntia is a Genus in the cactus family, Cactaceae. Currently only prickly pears (also known as Nopal or ^[12]

The Kankakee River, which winds through northern Indiana, serves somewhat as a demarcating line between suburban northwest Indiana and the rest of the state. The Kankakee River is a tributary of the Illinois River, approximately 90 mi (144 km long in northwestern Indiana and northeastern Illinois in the ^[13] Before it was drained and developed for agriculture, the Kankakee Marsh was one of the largest freshwater marshes in the country. ^[14] South of the Kankakee is a large area of prairie, the eastern edge of the Grand Prairie that covers Iowa and Illinois. Prairie, from the French prairie ("meadow" "grassland" "pasture" refers to an area of land of low topographic relief that historically The State of Iowa ( is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States of America. The State of Illinois ( roughly ill-i-NOY is a state of the United States of America, the 21st to be admitted to the Union. ^[15] The Prairie Chicken and American Bison were common in Indiana's pioneer era, but are now extinct as wild species within the state. The Greater Prairie Chicken, Tympanuchus cupido, is a large Bird in the Grouse family. The American bison ( Bison bison) is a Bovine Mammal, also commonly known as the American buffalo.

The South Bend metropolitan area, in north central Indiana, is the center of commerce in the region better known as Michiana. Government The Michiana Area Council of Governments (MACOG is the official Metropolitan Planning Organization for north central Indiana and the South Bend-Mishawaka Other cities located within the area include Elkhart, Mishawaka, Goshen and Warsaw. Fort Wayne, the state's second largest city, is located in the northeastern part of the state where it serves the state as a transportation hub. Fort Wayne is a City in northeastern Indiana, United States and the County seat of Allen Other cities located within the area include Huntington and Marion. Huntington, known as the "Lime City" is the largest city and County seat of Huntington County, Indiana, United States. East of Fort Wayne is an area of extremely flat land that, before development, was the western-most reach of the Great Black Swamp. The Great Black Swamp, or simply Black Swamp, was a glacially caused Wetland in northwest Ohio, United States, extending ^[16]

Northeastern Indiana is home to a number of lakes, many of which are the remains of the glaciers that covered Indiana thousands of years ago and Glacial Lake Maumee. See also Lake Agassiz Some of these lakes include Lake James in Pokagon State Park, Lake Maxinkuckee, Lake Wawasee and Lake Tippecanoe. Pokagon State Park is located in northeastern Indiana close to the village of Fremont and north of Angola. Lake Maxinkuckee, covering, is the second largest natural Lake in the U Lake Wawasee, formerly Turkey Lake is a large Lake south of Syracuse in Kosciusko County Indiana, United States. Lake Tippecanoe is a large glacially-created lake in Kosciusko County in north-central Indiana and is the deepest natural lake in the state with depths Lake Wawasee is the largest natural lake in Indiana, while Lake Tippecanoe is the deepest lake, reaching depths of over 120 feet. Both lakes are located in Kosciusko County. Kosciusko County is a County located in the US state of Indiana. Chain O' Lakes State Park, located in Noble County, contains 11 lakes, 8 of which are connected by natural channels. Chain O'Lakes State Park can refer to either of two state parks in the United States Chain O'Lakes State Park (Illinois Chain O'Lakes State

Central Indiana

The state capital, Indianapolis, is situated in the central portion of the state. It is intersected by numerous Interstates and U.S. highways, giving the state its motto as "The Crossroads of America". The Dwight D Eisenhower National System of Interstate and Defense Highways, commonly called the Interstate Highway System (or simply the Interstate System) The system of United States Numbered Highways (often called U ^[17] Other cities and towns located within the area include Anderson, Avon, Beech Grove, Bloomington, Brownsburg, Carmel, Castleton, Clermont, Columbus, Crawfordsville, Cumberland, Danville, Fishers, Franklin, Greenwood, Greenfield, Homecroft, Kokomo, Lafayette, Lawrence, Lebanon, Mooresville, Muncie, Noblesville, Plainfield, Richmond, Southport, Speedway, Terre Haute, West Lafayette, and Zionsville. Anderson is a city in Madison County, Indiana, United States. Avon is a town in Washington Township, Hendricks County, Indiana, United States. Beech Grove is a city in Marion County, Indiana, United States. Bloomington is a city and the County seat of Monroe County in the south central region of the U Brownsburg is a town in Hendricks County, Indiana, United States. Carmel (ˈkɑrməl is a city in Hamilton County, Indiana, United States. Castleton is a heavily commercialized neighborhood on the southern terminus of Interstate 69 in the northeast side of Indianapolis Indiana. Clermont is a town in Pike and Wayne townships Marion County, Indiana, United States. Columbus (kəˈlʌmbəs is the County seat of Bartholomew County Indiana, United States. Crawfordsville is a city in Montgomery County, Indiana, United States. Cumberland is a town split between Hancock and Marion Counties in the U Danville is a town in Center Township, Hendricks County, Indiana, United States. Fishers is a town located in Fall Creek and Delaware townships Hamilton County Indiana, with a population of 65382 according to a special census conducted Franklin is a city in Johnson County, Indiana, United States. Greenwood is a city in Johnson County, Indiana, United States. Greenfield is a city in Hancock County, Indiana, United States. Homecroft is a town in Perry Township, Marion County, Indiana, United States. Kokomo (ˈkoʊkəmoʊ is a city in and the County seat of Howard County, Indiana, United States, Indiana's 13th largest city Lafayette (ˌlɑːfijˈɛt is a city in Tippecanoe County, Indiana, U Lawrence is a city in Marion County, Indiana, United States. It is one of four "excluded cities" in Marion County For other places with the same name see Lebanon (disambiguation. Mooresville is a town in Brown Township, Morgan County, Indiana, in the United States. Muncie (ˈmʌnsi is a city in Center Township, Delaware County in east central Indiana, best known as the home of Ball State University and Noblesville is a city in Hamilton County, Indiana, United States located just north of Indianapolis Indiana in what Plainfield is a town in Guilford, Liberty and Washington townships Hendricks County, Indiana, United States. Richmond (ˈrɪtʃmənd is a city in Wayne Township, Wayne County, in east central Indiana, which borders Ohio. Southport is a city in Marion County, Indiana, United States. Speedway is a town in Wayne Township, Marion County, Indiana, United States. Terre Haute ( is a city in Vigo County, Indiana near the state's western border with Illinois. West Lafayette (ˌwɛst ˌlɑːfeɪˈɛt is a city in Tippecanoe County, Indiana, United States, 65 miles (105km northwest of Indianapolis. Zionsville is a town located in the extreme southeast area of Boone County Indiana, in Eagle Township.

Rural areas in the central portion of the state are typically composed of a patchwork of fields and forested areas. In Agriculture, a field refers generally to an area of Land enclosed or otherwise and used for agricultural purposes such as Cultivating crops A forest is an area with a high density of Trees There are many definitions of a forest based on various criteria The geography of Central Indiana consists of gently rolling hills and sandstone ravines carved out by the retreating glaciers. Sandstone is a Sedimentary rock composed mainly of Sand -size Mineral or rock grains. Many of these ravines can be found in west-central Indiana, specifically along Sugar Creek in Turkey Run State Park and Shades State Park. width="280px" style="margin-left 05em">

Southern Indiana

Main article: Southern Indiana

Evansville, the third largest city in Indiana, is located in the southwestern corner of the state. Southern Indiana, in the United States, is notable because it is culturally and geographically distinct from the rest of the state Evansville (ˈɛvənzˌvɪl is the third-largest city in the U It is located in a tri-state area that includes Illinois, Indiana, and Kentucky. There are a number of places in the 48 contiguous United States known as tri-state areas where three states or holdings meet at one point (a Tripoint The south-central cities of Clarksville, Jeffersonville, and New Albany are part of the Louisville metropolitan area. Clarksville is a town in Clark County, Indiana, along the Ohio River as apart of the Louisville Metropolitan area. Jeffersonville (ˈdʒɛfɚsənˌvɪl is a city in Clark County, Indiana, along the Ohio River. New Albany (nuː ˈɑlbəni is a city in Floyd County, Indiana, United States, situated along the Ohio River opposite Louisville Kentucky Vincennes, the oldest city in the state, is located on the Wabash River. The city of Vincennes is the County seat of Knox County, Indiana. The Wabash River is a long River in the eastern United States that flows southwest from northwest Ohio near St

Southern Indiana is a mixture of farmland, forest and very hilly areas, especially near Louisville and in the south central lime hills areas. The Hoosier National Forest is a 200,000 acre (80,900 ha) nature preserve in south central Indiana. The Hoosier National Forest, in the hills of south central Indiana, is a property managed by the United States Forest Service. Southern Indiana's topography is more varied than that in the north and generally contains more hills and geographic variation than the northern portion, such as the "Knobs," a series of 1,000 ft (300 m). hills that run parallel to the Ohio River in south-central Indiana. The bottomlands of Indiana, where the Wabash and Ohio converge, hosts numerous plant and animal species normally found in the Lower Mississippi and Gulf Coast region of the United States. ^[18] Brown County is well-known for its hills covered with colorful autumn foliage, T. Brown County is a County located in the US state of Indiana. As of 2000 the Population is 14957 C. Steele's former home, and Nashville, the county seat and shopping destination. Nashville is a town in Washington Township, Brown County, Indiana, United States. Harrison and Crawford Counties boast three of the state's most popular commercial caves at Wyandotte, Marengo, and Squire Boone Caverns.

The limestone geology of Southern Indiana has created numerous caves and one of the largest limestone quarry regions in the USA. Many of Indiana's official buildings, such as the State capitol building, the downtown monuments, the Indiana University School of Law in Indianapolis, many buildings at Indiana University in Bloomington, and the Indiana Government Center are all examples of Indiana architecture made with Indiana limestone. Indiana limestone has also been used in many other famous structures in the US, such as the Indiana University's Memorial Stadium, the Empire State Building, the Pentagon, and the Washington National Cathedral. Indiana University, founded in 1820, is a nine-campus University system in the state of Indiana. The Empire State Building is a 102-story Art Deco Skyscraper in New York City at the intersection of Fifth Avenue and West 34th Street The Pentagon is the Headquarters of the United States Department of Defense, located in Arlington County, Virginia. Washington National Cathedral, whose official name is the Cathedral Church of Saint Peter and Saint Paul is a Cathedral of The Episcopal Church. In addition, 35 of the 50 state capitol buildings are also made of Indiana Limestone. ^[19]

For sixty years, from 1890 to 1950, the United States Census found the center of population to lie in southern Indiana. The mean center of US population is determined by the United States Census Bureau after tabulating the results of each census

Climate

Most of Indiana has a humid continental climate (Koppen climate classification Dfa), with hot, humid summers and cool to cold winters. The humid continental climate is a Climate found over large areas of land masses in the temperate regions of the mid-latitudes where there is a zone of conflict between The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems It was developed by Wladimir Köppen, a German climatologist The extreme southern portions of the state border on a humid subtropical climate (Koppen Cfa) with somewhat milder winters. Humid subtropical climate ( Köppen Cfa or Cwa) is a climate zone characterized by hot humid summers and chilly to mild winters Summertime maximum temperatures average around 85 °F (29 °C) with cooler nights around 60 °F (16 °C). Winters are a little more variable, but generally cool to cold temperatures with all but the northern part of the state averaging above freezing for the maximum January temperature, and the minimum temperature below 20 °F (-8 °C) for most of the state. ^[20] The state receives a good amount of precipitation, 40 inches (1,000 mm) annually statewide, in all four seasons, with March through August being slightly wetter.

The state does have its share of severe weather, both winter storms and thunderstorms. While generally not receiving as much snow as some states farther north, the state does have occasional blizzards, some due to lake effect snow. A blizzard is a severe Winter storm condition characterized by low Temperatures strong Winds and heavy blowing Snow Blizzards are formed when Lake-effect snow is produced in the winter when cold Arctic winds move across long expanses of warmer lake water providing energy and picking up Water vapor which freezes Two major paralyzing snowstorms bear merit. The January, 1978 Blizzard, which affected almost the entire state, and the December, 2004 Blizzard, which primarily affected the Ohio Valley and later caused the severe flooding of the White, Wabash, and the Ohio Rivers in January, 2005. The state averages around 40-50 days of thunderstorms per year, with March and April being the period of most severe storms. While not considered part of Tornado Alley, Indiana is the Great Lakes state which is most vulnerable to tornadic activity. For the book by William S Burroughs, see Tornado Alley (book. A tornado is a violent rotating column of air which is in contact with both the surface of the earth and a Cumulonimbus cloud or in rare cases the base of a Cumulus In fact, three of the most severe tornado outbreaks in U. S. history affected Indiana, the Tri-State Tornado of 1925, the Palm Sunday tornado outbreak of 1965 and the Super Outbreak of 1974. The Great Tri-State Tornado of Wednesday March 18, 1925, crossed from southeastern Missouri, through southern Illinois, then into southwestern The second Palm Sunday Tornado outbreak occurred on April 11, 1965 and involved 78 tornadoes (38 significant 19 violent 21 killers hitting The Super Outbreak is the largest Tornado outbreak on record for a single 24-hour period The Evansville Tornado of November 2005 killed 25 people, 20 people in Vanderburgh County and 5 in Warrick County. The Evansville Tornado of November 2005 was a powerful Tornado that formed early in the morning of November 6 2005 outside of Evansville, a city in southwestern Vanderburgh County is a County located in the US state of Indiana. Warrick County is a County located in the US state of Indiana.

Monthly Normal High and Low Temperatures for Largest Indiana Cities
City	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
Evansville	40/23	45/26	56/35	67/44	77/54	86/64	89/68	86/64	81/57	70/45	56/36	44/27
Fort Wayne	31/16	35/19	47/29	60/38	72/49	81/59	84/62	82/60	75/53	63/42	48/33	36/22
Indianapolis	34/18	40/22	51/32	63/41	74/52	82/61	86/65	84/63	77/55	66/44	52/34	39/24
South Bend	31/16	36/19	47/28	59/38	71/48	80/58	83/63	81/61	74/53	62/42	48/33	36/22
Source: US Travel Weather[21]

History

Main article: History of Indiana

The area of Indiana has been settled since before the development of the Hopewell culture (ca. The history of Indiana is an examination of the history social activity and development of the inhabitants and institutions within the borders of modern Indiana, a U The Hopewell tradition (also incorrectly called the "Hopewell culture" is the term used to describe common aspects of the Native American culture that flourished along 100–400 AD). ^[22] It was part of the Mississippian culture from roughly the year 1000 up to 1400. The Mississippian culture was a mound-building Native American culture that flourished in what is now the Midwestern, Eastern, and Southeastern ^[23] The specific Native American tribes that inhabited this territory at that time were primarily the Miami and the Shawnee. Native Americans in the United States are the indigenous peoples from the regions of North America now encompassed by the continental United States The Miami are a Native American tribe originally found in Indiana, southwest Michigan and Ohio, and now living also in Oklahoma The Shawnee, or Shaawanwaki, Shaawanooki and Shaawanowi lenaweeki, are a people native to North America. ^[24] The area was claimed for New France in the 17th century, and handed over to the Kingdom of Great Britain as part of the settlement at the end of the French and Indian War (see Province of Quebec (1763-1791) for more on this era). The Viceroyalty of New France (Nouvelle-France was the area colonized by France in North America during a period extending from the exploration of the The Kingdom of Great Britain, also known as the United Kingdom of Great Britain, was a State in northwest Europe, in existence from 1707 to 1800 The French and Indian War (1754&ndash1763 was the North American chapter of the Seven Years' War. The Province of Quebec was a colony in North America created by Great Britain after the Seven Years' War. During British colonial rule a war is fought with several Indian tribes between 1763-1766, called Pontiac’s Rebellion. Pontiac's Rebellion was a war launched in 1763 by North American Indians who were dissatisfied with British policies in the Great Lakes region after

After the American Revolution, the area was officially handed over to the United States in 1783, without consulting the opinions of the indigenous Indian peoples. In this article the inhabitants of the thirteen colonies that supported the American Revolution are primarily referred to as "Americans" with occasional references to "Patriots" The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Their dissatisfaction with this handing over of their territory from British into U. S. jurisdiction, led to the Northwest Indian War^[24] between 1785-1795. The Northwest Indian War (1785&ndash1795 also known as Little Turtle's War and by various other names was a war fought between the United States and

In 1787 the area became part of the newly formed Northwest Territory, in 1800 part of this was established into the Indiana Territory. For the Canadian territory see Northwest Territories. For the northwestern corner of the Lower 48 see Northwestern United States. Indiana Territory was an Organized territory of the United States from 1800 to 1816 created by Act of Congress and signed into law by President In 1811 the Indians again rose up against their treatment since the peace treaty of Greenville of 1795, in Tecumseh's War, and were again defeated. The Treaty of Greenville was signed at Fort Greenville (now Greenville Ohio) on August 3, 1795, between a coalition of Native Americans Tecumseh's War or Tecumseh's Rebellion are terms sometimes used to describe a conflict in the Old Northwest between the United States and an American In 1816 Indiana joined the Union as the 19th state. Indiana fought on the Union side during the American Civil War and prohibited slavery. Causes of the war See also Origins of the American Civil War, Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War The coexistence of a slave-owning South

Pioneer Era

On June 29, 1816, Indiana adopted a constitution, and on December 11, 1816, became the 19th State to join the Union. Events 512 - A Solar eclipse is recorded by a monastic chronicler in Ireland. Year 1816 ( MDCCCXVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Events 359 - Honoratus, the first known Prefect of the City of Constantinople, takes office Year 1816 ( MDCCCXVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year A state is a political association with effective Sovereignty over a geographic Area and representing a Population. ^[25]

Indiana was populated from the Ohio River north. At that time southern Indiana was covered by huge virgin forests. Walnut trees 40 inches in diameter and 130 feet tall were common. Ancient oaks which had stood since before Columbus arrived were abudant. ^[26] Migration, mostly from Kentucky and Ohio, was so rapid that by 1820 the population was 147,176, and by 1830 the sales of public lands for the previous decade reached 3,588,000 acres (5,600 sq mi; 14,500 km²) and the population was 343,031. It had more than doubled since 1820. The first state capital was in the southern Indiana city of Corydon. Corydon is a town in Harrison Township, Harrison County, Indiana, United States and a former capital of the State of Indiana ^[27]

Transportation

Down the Mississippi and its tributaries (the Ohio and Wabash) was to be found the sole outlet for the increasing produce of the Middle West, whose waters drained into the great valley. Mississippi ( is a state located in the Deep South of the United States Districts which were not upon streams navigable by even the lightest draught steamboat were economically handicapped. The small, flat boat was their main reliance. Roads suitable for heavy carriage were few up to the middle of the century. The expense and time attending shipment of merchandise from the east at that time were almost prohibitive. To meet this condition, the building of canals (espoused by the constitution of 1816) was long advocated, in emulation of Ohio which took example after New York State. In 1826, Congress granted a strip two and a half miles wide on each side of the proposed canal. A very extensive and ambitious scale of main and lateral canals and turnpikes was advocated in consequence.

Work began on the Wabash and Erie Canal in 1832, on the Whitewater Canal in 1836, on the Central in 1837. The Wabash and Erie Canal was a shipping Canal that linked the Great Lakes to the Ohio River via a man-made waterway The Whitewater Canal, which was built between 1836 and 1847, spanned a distance of seventy-six miles and stretched from Lawrenceburg Indiana on the Bad financing and "bad times" nearly wrecked the whole scheme; yet, the Wabash and Erie Canal was completed from Toledo to Evansville. It was a great factor in the development of the state, although it brought heavy loss upon the bondholders with the advent of the railroad. Upon completion, the canal actually increased prices of farm products three or fourfold and reduced prices of household needs 60%, a tremendous stimulus to agricultural development. By 1840, the population of the upper Wabash Valley had increased from 12,000 to 270,000. The canal boat that hauled loads of grain east came back loaded with immigrants. In 1846, it is estimated that over thirty families settled every day in the state.

Manufacturing also developed rapidly. In the ten years between 1840 and 1850, the counties bordering the canal increased in population 397%; those more fertile, but more remote, 190%. The tide of trade, which had been heretofore to New Orleans, was reversed and went east. The canal also facilitated and brought emigration from Ohio, New York, and New England, in the newly established counties in the northern two-thirds of the state. Foreign immigration was mostly from Ireland and Germany. Later, this great canal fell into disuse, and finally was abandoned, as railway mileage increased.

In the next ten years, by 1840, of the public domain 9,122,688 acres (14,250 mi²; 36,918 km²) had been sold. But the state was still heavily in debt, although growing rapidly. In 1851 a new constitution (now in force) was adopted. The first constitution was adopted at a convention assembled at Corydon, which had been the seat of government since December, 1813. The original statehouse, built of blue limestone, still stands; but in 1821, the site of the present capital, Indianapolis, was selected by the legislature. It was in the wilds, sixty miles from civilization. By 1910, it was a city of 225,000 inhabitants, and was the largest inland steam and electric railroad center in the United States that was not located on a navigable waterway. No railroad reached it before 1847.

Demographics

Historical populations
Census	Pop.		%±
1800	2,632		—
1810	24,520		831. 6%
1820	147,178		500. 2%
1830	343,031		133. 1%
1840	685,866		99. 9%
1850	988,416		44. 1%
1860	1,350,428		36. 6%
1870	1,680,637		24. 5%
1880	1,978,301		17. 7%
1890	2,192,404		10. 8%
1900	2,516,462		14. 8%
1910	2,700,876		7. 3%
1920	2,930,390		8. 5%
1930	3,238,503		10. 5%
1940	3,427,796		5. 8%
1950	3,934,224		14. 8%
1960	4,662,498		18. 5%
1970	5,193,669		11. 4%
1980	5,490,224		5. 7%
1990	5,544,159		1. 0%
2000	6,080,485		9. 7%
Est. 2006	6,313,520		3. 8%

As of 2006, Indiana had an estimated population of 6,313,520, which is an increase of 47,501, or 0. 8%, from the prior year and an increase of 233,003, or 3. 8%, since the year 2000. ^[28] This includes a natural increase since the last census of 196,728 people (that is 541,506 births minus 344,778 deaths) and an increase due to net migration of 51,117 people into the state. Human migration denotes any movement by Humans from one locality to another sometimes over long distances or Immigration from outside the United States resulted in a net increase of 68,935 people, and migration within the country produced a net loss of 17,818 people. American immigration ( emigration to the United States of America) refers to the movement of non-residents to the United States.

The center of population of Indiana is located in Hamilton County, in the town of Sheridan. In Demographics, the center of population of a region is the geographical point nearest to all the inhabitants of that region on average Hamilton County is a County located in the US state of Indiana. Sheridan is a town in Adams Township, Hamilton County, Indiana, United States. ^[29] Population growth since 1990 has been concentrated in the counties surrounding Indianapolis, with four of the top five fastest-growing counties in that area: Hamilton, Hendricks, Johnson, and Hancock. Hamilton County is a County located in the US state of Indiana. Hendricks County is a County located in the US state of Indiana. Johnson County is a County located in the US state of Indiana. Hancock County is a County located in the US state of Indiana. The other county is Dearborn County, which is near Cincinnati. Dearborn County is a County located in the US state of Indiana.

The Evansville Area has experienced a shift in their population. Evansville (ˈɛvənzˌvɪl is the third-largest city in the U Evansville continues to lose population as of 2005 while Vanderburgh has continued to grow by at least 3% a year. Evansville (ˈɛvənzˌvɪl is the third-largest city in the U Vanderburgh County is a County located in the US state of Indiana. The other counties of the Evansville Area of Southwestern Indiana have started to grow at an increasingly faster rate, especially Gibson and Warrick Counties who are becoming Evansville's suburban counties. Evansville (ˈɛvənzˌvɪl is the third-largest city in the U Southwestern Indiana is a 11-county region of Indiana located at the southernmost and westernmost part of the state Gibson County is a County located in the southwestern part of the U Warrick County is a County located in the US state of Indiana. Evansville (ˈɛvənzˌvɪl is the third-largest city in the U Gibson County has seen at least two towns Haubstadt and Fort Branch starting to become "Bedroom Communities" like Newburgh and Chandler in Warrick County. Gibson County is a County located in the southwestern part of the U Haubstadt is a town in Johnson Township, Gibson County, Indiana, United States. Fort Branch is the largest town and second largest community in Gibson County, Indiana, United States. Newburgh is a town along the Ohio River in the US state of Indiana. Chandler is a town in Boon and Ohio townships Warrick County, Indiana, United States. Warrick County is a County located in the US state of Indiana. In addition, the two counties have seen their minority (in particular, Asian, African-American, and Hispanic) populations just about double in the last 15 years.

Demographics of Indiana (csv)
By race	White	Black	AIAN*	Asian	NHPI*
2000 (total population)	90. 13%	8. 91%	0. 65%	1. 21%	0. 08%
2000 (Hispanic only)	3. 31%	0. 15%	0. 07%	0. 03%	0. 02%
2005 (total population)	89. 57%	9. 42%	0. 63%	1. 44%	0. 08%
2005 (Hispanic only)	4. 29%	0. 19%	0. 08%	0. 04%	0. 02%
Growth 2000–05 (total population)	2. 51%	8. 99%	-0. 26%	23. 11%	11. 31%
Growth 2000–05 (non-Hispanic only)	1. 33%	8. 68%	-2. 87%	22. 97%	9. 77%
Growth 2000–05 (Hispanic only)	33. 38%	26. 82%	21. 02%	28. 42%	16. 70%
* AIAN is American Indian or Alaskan Native; NHPI is Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander

As of 2005, the total population included 242,281 foreign-born (3. 9%). ^[30]

German is the largest ancestry reported in Indiana, with 22. German Americans ( German: Deutschamerikaner) are citizens of the United States of Ethnic German ancestry 7% of the population reporting that ancestry in the Census. Persons citing "American" (12. The ancestry of the people of the United States is widely varied and includes descendants of Populations from around the World, some presumably extinct 0%) and English ancestry (8. English Americans (occasionally known as Anglo -Americans although this may have a wider cultural meaning are Citizens of the United States whose ancestry 9%) are also numerous, as are Irish (10. Irish Americans (Gael-Mheiriceánach are citizens of the United States who can claim ancestry originating in Ireland. 8%) and Polish (3. Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland 0%). ^[31]

Religion

Although the largest single religious denomination in the state is Roman Catholic, most of the population are members of various Protestant denominations. Protestantism refers to the forms of Christian faith and practice that originated in the 16th century Protestant Reformation. A study by the Graduate Center found that 20% are Roman Catholic, 14% are Baptist, 10% are other Christians, 9% are Methodist, and 6% are Lutheran. Baptist is a term describing individuals belonging to a Baptist church or a Baptist denomination. A Christian is a person who adheres to Christianity, a monotheistic Religion centered on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth Methodism is a movement within Protestant Christianity represented by a number of denominations and organizations Lutheranism is a major branch of Western Christianity that identifies with the teachings of the sixteenth-century German reformer Martin Luther The study also found that 16% are secular. Secularity ( adjective form secular) is the state of being separate from Religion. ^[32]

The state is home to the University of Notre Dame and several other private, religiously affiliated schools. The University of Notre Dame du Lac (or simply Notre Dame) (ˌnoʊtɚˈdeɪm is a private Roman Catholic Research university located in It also has a strong parochial school system in the larger metropolitan areas. Southern Indiana is the home to a number of Catholic monasteries and one of the two archabbeys in the United States, St. Meinrad Archabbey. Saint Meinrad Archabbey in Spencer County Indiana, USA, was founded by monks from Einsiedeln Abbey ( Two conservative denominations, the Free Methodist Church and the Wesleyan Church, have their headquarters in Indianapolis as does the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ). The Free Methodist Church, is a denomination of broader Methodism. The Wesleyan Church is an Evangelical Christian Religious denomination in the United States Canada and Australia associated with the Holiness The Christian Church (Disciples of Christ is a Mainline Protestant denomination in North America The Fellowship of Grace Brethren Churches maintains offices and publishing work in Winona Lake. The Fellowship of Grace Brethren Churches is a theologically conservative fellowship of Brethren churches descended from the Schwarzenau Brethren movement of Winona Lake is a town in Wayne Township, Kosciusko County, Indiana, United States. Huntington serves as the home to the Church of the United Brethren in Christ. Huntington, known as the "Lime City" is the largest city and County seat of Huntington County, Indiana, United States. The Church of the United Brethren in Christ is an evangelical Christian denomination based in Huntington Indiana. Anderson is home to the headquarters of Church of God Ministries and Warner Press Publishing House. Anderson is a city in Madison County, Indiana, United States. Fort Wayne is the headquarters of the Missionary Church. Fort Wayne is a City in northeastern Indiana, United States and the County seat of Allen The Missionary Church is an evangelical Christian denomination of Anabaptist heritage Fort Wayne is also home to one of The Lutheran Church Missouri Synod's seminaries - Concordia Theological Seminary. Fort Wayne is a City in northeastern Indiana, United States and the County seat of Allen The Concordia Theological Seminary is an institution of theological higher education of The Lutheran Church - Missouri Synod (LCMS located in Fort Wayne Indiana The Friends United Meeting of the Religious Society of Friends, the largest branch of American Quakerism, is based in Richmond. Friends United Meeting (FUM is an association of twenty-six Yearly meetings of the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers in North America, Africa Richmond (ˈrɪtʃmənd is a city in Wayne Township, Wayne County, in east central Indiana, which borders Ohio. Richmond also houses the oldest Quaker seminary in the US, the Earlham School of Religion. Earlham School of Religion (ESR a graduate division of Earlham College, located in Richmond Indiana is the oldest graduate seminary associated with the Religious The Islamic Society of North America is headquartered just off Interstate 70 in Plainfield, west of Indianapolis. The Islamic Society of North America ( ISNA) based in Plainfield Indiana, USA, is an immigrant Muslim umbrella group that describes itself as the Interstate 70 (I-70 is an Interstate highway in the United States that runs from Interstate 15 near Cove Fort Utah, to a Park and Ride Plainfield is a town in Guilford, Liberty and Washington townships Hendricks County, Indiana, United States.

In 1906, the Census reported there were 938,405 members of different religious denominations; of this total, 233,443 were Methodists (210,593 of the Northern Church); 174,849 were Roman Catholics, 108,188 were Disciples of Christ (and 10,219 members of the Churches of Christ); 92,705 were Baptists (60,203 of the Northern Convention, 13,526 of the National (African American) Convention; 8,132 Primitive Baptists, and 6,671 General Baptists); 58,633 were Presbyterians (49,041 of the Northern Church, and 6,376 of the Cumberland Church—since united with the Northern); 55,768 were Lutherans (34,028 of the Evangelical Lutheran Synodical Conference, 8,310 of the Evangelical Lutheran Synod of Ohio and other states), 52,700 were United Brethren (48,059 of the Church of the United Brethren in Christ; the others of the " Old Constitution ") and 21,624 of the German Evangelical Synod. ^[33]

Cities and towns

Main articles: List of cities in Indiana and List of towns in Indiana

The five largest cities in Indiana are the capital Indianapolis, Fort Wayne, Evansville, South Bend, and Gary. The following is the list of incorporated cities in Indiana as of July 7, 2007. The following is a list of towns in Indiana as of January 1 2004, with population estimates from 2000 through 2004. Fort Wayne is a City in northeastern Indiana, United States and the County seat of Allen Evansville (ˈɛvənzˌvɪl is the third-largest city in the U South Bend is a city on the St Joseph river and a twin city of Mishawaka Indiana.

Politics

See also: United States congressional delegations from Indiana and Indiana's congressional districts

Indiana has three branches: executive (government), legislative (parliament) and judicial. These are tables of congressional delegations from Indiana to the United States Senate and United States House of Representatives. Indiana currently has nine Congressional districts. They were last redrawn after the 2000 census and took effect in 2002 The governor of Indiana, elected for a four-year term, heads the government. List of Governors of Indiana Territory List of Governors of the State of Indiana The Indiana General Assembly, the legislative branch, consists of the upper house, Senate, and the lower house, House of Representatives. The Indiana General Assembly is the state legislature, or legislative branch of the state of Indiana. An upper house is one of two chambers of a Bicameral Legislature, the other chamber being the Lower house. A lower house is one of two chambers of a Bicameral Legislature, the other chamber being the Upper house. Indiana's fifty State Senators are elected for four-year terms and one hundred State Representatives for two-year terms. In odd-numbered years, the General Assembly meets in a sixty-one day session. In even-numbered years, it meets for thirty session days. The judicial branch consists of the Indiana Supreme Court, Indiana Court of Appeals, the Indiana Tax Court, and local circuit courts. The Supreme Court of Indiana is the state supreme court of Indiana. The Indiana Court of Appeals is the intermediate-level Appellate court for the state of Indiana. Circuit court is the name of court systems in several Common law jurisdictions

The current governor of Indiana is Mitch Daniels, whose campaign slogan was "My Man Mitch," an appellation given by President George W. Bush for whom Mitch Daniels was the director of the Office of Management and Budget. List of Governors of Indiana Territory List of Governors of the State of Indiana Mitchell Elias "Mitch" Daniels Jr (born April 7, 1949 in Monongahela PA) is the current Governor of the U George Walker Bush ( born July 6 1946 is the forty-third and current President of the United States. The Office of Management and Budget (OMB is a Cabinet -level office and is the largest office within the Executive Office of the President of the United States (EOP He was elected to office on November 2, 2004. Events 1570 - A Tidal wave in the North Sea devastates the coast from Holland to Jutland, killing more than 1000 "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again "

Indiana has long been considered to be a Republican stronghold. It has only supported a Democrat for president four times since 1900 - in 1912, 1932, 1936 and 1964. The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. Nonetheless, half of Indiana's governors in the 20th century were Democrats.

Historically, Republicans have been strongest in the eastern and central portions of the state, as well as the suburbs of the state's major cities. Democrats have been strongest in the northwestern and southern parts of the state along with the major cities. However, outside of Indianapolis, the Chicago suburbs, and Bloomington, the state's Democrats tend to be somewhat more conservative than their counterparts in the rest of the country, especially on social issues. Bloomington is a city and the County seat of Monroe County in the south central region of the U

Indiana's delegation to the United States House of Representatives is not overly Republican either. The United States House of Representatives is one of the two chambers of the United States Congress; the other is the Senate. Instead, it has generally served as a bellwether for the political movement of the nation. For instance, Democrats held the majority of seats until the 1994 Republican Revolution, when Republicans took a majority. This continued until 2006, when three Republican congressmen were defeated in Indiana; (Chris Chocola, John Hostettler and Mike Sodrel), giving the Democrats a majority of the delegation again. Joseph Christopher "Chris" Chocola (born February 24 1962) was a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives John Nathan Hostettler (born June 19 1961) is a Republican former member of the United States House of Representatives. Michael E "Mike" Sodrel (born December 17, 1945) is a former United States Representative from the Ninth Congressional district of ^[34]

Former governor and current U. S. Senator Evan Bayh announced in 2006 his plans for a presidential exploratory committee. ^[35] His father was a three-term senator who was turned out of office in the 1980 Reagan Revolution by conservative Republican (and future Vice-President) Dan Quayle, a native of Huntington in the northeastern part of the state. The United States Presidency of Ronald Reagan, also known as the Reagan Administration, was a Republican administration headed by __FORCETOC__ For the Vice President of the United States, their roles and other information see Vice President of the United States. James Danforth "Dan" Quayle (born February 4 1947 is an American politician and a former Senator from the state of Indiana. Huntington, known as the "Lime City" is the largest city and County seat of Huntington County, Indiana, United States. However, Bayh announced that he would not be seeking the Presidency on December 16, 2006. Events 755 - An Lushan revolts against Chancellor Yang Guozhong at Fanyang, initiating the An Shi Rebellion Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.

The state's U. S. Senators are Senior Sen. Richard Lugar (Republican) and Junior Sen. Richard Green "Dick" Lugar (born April 4, 1932) is the senior United States Senator from Indiana. Evan Bayh (Democrat). The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. Both Senators, although of opposite parties, have proved immensely popular in the state. In 2004, Sen. Bayh won reelection to a second term with 62% of the vote. And in 2006, Sen. Lugar won reelection to a sixth term with 87% of the vote against no major-party opposition.

District	Representative	Party	Residence	First Took Office
Indiana 1	Pete Visclosky	Democrat	Merrillville	January 1985
Indiana 2	Joe Donnelly	Democrat	Granger	January 2007
Indiana 3	Mark Souder	Republican	Grabill	January 1995
Indiana 4	Steve Buyer	Republican	Plainfield	January 1993
Indiana 5	Dan Burton	Republican	Indianapolis	January 1983
Indiana 6	Mike Pence	Republican	Columbus	January 2001
Indiana 7	André Carson	Democrat	Indianapolis	March 2008
Indiana 8	Brad Ellsworth	Democrat	Evansville	January 2007
Indiana 9	Baron Hill	Democrat	Seymour	January 1999

Administrative divisions

Town Council

According to the Indiana laws, Town Council members serve as both the executive and legislative branches for small communities incorporated as towns within the state. The First Congressional District of Indiana, USA was drawn in its current configuration after the 2000 census. Peter John "Pete" Visclosky (born August 13, 1949, in Gary Indiana) is the United States Representative for. The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. Merrillville (ˈmɛrəlˌvɪl is a town in Ross Township, Lake County, Indiana, United States. The Second Congressional District of Indiana is centered on South Bend Indiana and the Indiana portion of the Michiana region Joseph Simon "Joe" Donnelly Sr, (born September 29, 1955) is an American politician who in 2006 was elected to Congress as a The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. Granger is Census-designated place in St Joseph County, Indiana, United States. Indiana's 3rd congressional district takes in Indiana 's Northeast corner with its largest population center in Fort Wayne. Mark Edward Souder (born July 18 1950) is an American politician who is serving his seventh term in the United States House of Representatives Grabill is a town in Cedar Creek Township, Allen County, Indiana, United States. The Fourth Congressional District of Indiana was created in its current form after the 2000 United States census. Stephen Earle Buyer (born November 26 1958) has been a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives since 1993 for Plainfield is a town in Guilford, Liberty and Washington townships Hendricks County, Indiana, United States. Indiana's 5th congressional district takes in the eastern and northern suburbs of Indianapolis including Hamilton and Hancock Counties the city of Marion Danny "Dan" Lee Burton (born June 21 1938) American politician is a member of the United States House of Representatives for Indiana's 6th congressional district takes in a large portion of eastern Indiana, including Muncie, Anderson, and Richmond, as well as Michael Richard "Mike" Pence (born June 7 1959) is a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives for (see Columbus (kəˈlʌmbəs is the County seat of Bartholomew County Indiana, United States. The 7th Congressional district of the state of Indiana and encompasses most of Marion County / Indianapolis Indiana. André D Carson (born October 16, 1974) is the United States Representative for Indiana's 7th congressional district and the grandson of his The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. United States House of Representatives Indiana District 8 is a district of the United States Congress in southwestern Indiana. John Bradley Ellsworth (born September 11 1958) usually known as Brad Ellsworth, is the Democratic congressman for. The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. Evansville (ˈɛvənzˌvɪl is the third-largest city in the U United States House of Representatives Indiana District 9 is a district of the United States Congress in south-central and south-eastern Indiana. Baron Paul Hill (born June 23, 1953) is a Democratic member of the United States House of Representatives for, located in the southern The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. Seymour is a city in Jackson County, Indiana, United States. The population was 18101 at the 2000 census They consist of three or five members, depending upon the town's population.

Unlike some states, Indiana councilmembers must declare a political party affiliation, if any, when they file to run for office. Upon election in November, they are sworn in before January 1 of the following year, where they serve a four year term. There are no state term limits affecting how many times a candidate may run for reelection to office.

The first meeting after an election, members of the town council hold an organizing meeting, where they elect a leader to set future agendas and act as an official spokesman for the town or as liaison between the town and state and county government.

Indiana town councils work in conjunction with an elected town clerk, who manages the day-to-day business of the municipal government. As an elected official, the town clerk is solely executive in function and operates independently of the town council. But the council has final say on budgets which clerks depend upon to operate.

In addition to a clerk, the council can authorize the hiring of other staff to run the operations of government, including law enforcement officers, utility workers, park and recreation employees and town managers. These employees serve at the pleasure of the council.

Economy

The total gross state product in 2005 was US$214 billion in 2000 chained dollars. The 50 State Quarters program ( is the release of a series of commemorative coins by the United States Mint. ^[36] Indiana's per capita income, as of 2005, was US$31,150. ^[37] A high percentage of Indiana's income is from manufacturing. ^[38] The Calumet region of northwest Indiana is the largest steel producing area in the U. Overview The five counties of Lake, Porter, Jasper, Newton, and LaPorte are included in the Chicago-Naperville-Michigan City Steel is an Alloy consisting mostly of Iron, with a Carbon content between 0 S. Steelmaking itself requires generating very large amounts of electric power. Indiana's other manufactures include pharmaceuticals and medical devices, automobiles, electrical equipment, transportation equipment, chemical products, rubber, petroleum and coal products, and factory machinery. Petroleum ( L petroleum, from Greek πετρέλαιον, lit

Despite its reliance on manufacturing, Indiana has been much less affected by declines in traditional Rust Belt manufactures than many of its neighbors. The Rust Belt, sometimes called the Manufacturing Belt, is an area in parts of the Northeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic States, and portions of the The explanation appears to be certain factors in the labor market. First, much of the heavy manufacturing, such as industrial machinery and steel, requires highly skilled labor, and firms are often willing to locate where hard-to-train skills already exist. Second, Indiana's labor force is located primarily in medium-sized and smaller cities rather than in very large and expensive metropolises. This makes it possible for firms to offer somewhat lower wages for these skills than would normally be paid. In other words, firms often see in Indiana a chance to obtain higher than average skills at lower than average wages. ^[39]

Indiana is home to the international headquarters of pharmaceutical company Eli Lilly in Indianapolis as well as the headquarters of Mead Johnson Nutritionals, a division of Bristol-Myers Squibb, in Evansville. Eli Lilly and Company ( is a global Pharmaceutical company and one of the world's largest corporations Bristol-Myers Squibb ( colloquially referred to as BMS, is a Pharmaceutical Corporation, formed by a 1989 merger between pharmaceutical companies Elkhart, in the north, has also had a strong economic base of pharmaceuticals, though this has changed over the past decade with the closure of Whitehall Laboratories in the 1990s and the planned drawdown of the large Bayer complex, announced in late 2005. Elkhart (ˈɛlkɑrt is a city located in Elkhart County, Indiana, United States. For other uses see Bayer (disambiguation or Beyer or Buyer. Bayer AG (German ˈbaɪə () is a German ^[40] Overall, Indiana ranks fifth among all U. S. states in total sales and shipments of pharmaceutical products and second highest in the number of biopharmaceutical related jobs. ^[41] Medical device manufacturers include Zimmer in Warsaw and Cook in Bloomington. The Cook Group, founded in 1963 in the spare bedroom of Bill and Gayle Cook is a supplier of Medical devices and equipment.

The state is located within the Corn Belt and the state's agricultural methods and principal farm outputs reflect this: a feedlot-style system raising corn to fatten hogs and cattle. Grain Belt The Grain Belt is an informal name for a United States region composed of the Prairie -region states across the northern Midwest Soybeans are also a major cash crop. Its proximity to large urban centers, such as Chicago, assure that dairying, egg production, and specialty horticulture occur. Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. Specialty crops include melons, tomatoes, grapes, and mint. ^[42] Most of the original land was not prairie and had to be cleared of deciduous trees. Many parcels of woodland remain and support a furniture-making sector in the southern portion of the state.

Indiana is becoming a leading state in the production of biofuels, such as ethanol and biodiesel. Biodiesel refers to a non-petroleum-based Diesel fuel consisting of short chain Alkyl ( Methyl or ethyl) Esters made by Indiana now has 12 ethanol and 4 biodiesel plants located in the state. ^[43] Reynolds, located north of Lafayette is now known as BioTown, USA. Reynolds is a town in Honey Creek Township, White County, Indiana, United States. The town is experimenting with using biofuels and organic fuels, such as those made with manure, to power the town. ^[44]

In mining, Indiana is probably best known for its decorative limestone from the southern, hilly portion of the state, especially from Lawrence County (the home area of Apollo I astronaut Gus Grissom). Limestone is a Sedimentary rock composed largely of the Mineral Calcite ( Calcium carbonate: CaCO3 Lawrence County is a County located in the US state of Indiana. Virgil Ivan Grissom, more widely known as Gus Grissom, ( 3 April 1926 – 27 January 1967) was one of the original NASA ^[45] One of the many public buildings faced with this stone is The Pentagon, and after the September 11, 2001 attacks, a special effort was made by the mining industry of Indiana to replace those damaged walls with as nearly identical type and cut of material as the original facing. The Pentagon is the Headquarters of the United States Department of Defense, located in Arlington County, Virginia. ^[46] There are also large coal mines in the southern portion of the state. Like most Great Lakes states, Indiana has small to medium operating petroleum fields; the principal location of these today is in the extreme southwest, though operational oil derricks can be seen on the outskirts of Terre Haute. Petroleum ( L petroleum, from Greek πετρέλαιον, lit

Indiana's economy is considered to be one of the most business-friendly in the U. S. This is due in part to its conservative business climate, low business taxes, relatively low union membership, and labor laws. The doctrine of at-will employment, whereby an employer can terminate an employee for any or no reason, is in force. At-will employment is a doctrine of American law that defines an Employment relationship in which either party can break the relationship with no liability provided

Indiana has a flat state income tax rate of 3. 4%. Many Indiana counties also collect income tax. The state sales tax rate is 7%. A sales tax is a Consumption tax charged at the Point of purchase for certain goods and services Property taxes are imposed on both real and personal property in Indiana and are administered by the Department of Local Government Finance. Property tax, or millage tax, is an Ad valorem tax that an owner pays on the value of the property being taxed Property is subject to taxation by a variety of taxing units (schools, counties, townships, cities and towns, libraries), making the total tax rate the sum of the tax rates imposed by all taxing units in which a property is located. However, a law enacted on March 19, 2008 limits property taxes to one percent of assessed value for homeowners, two percent for rental properties and farmland and three percent for businesses. Events 1279 - A Mongolian victory in the Battle of Yamen ends the Song Dynasty in China. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Property tax, or millage tax, is an Ad valorem tax that an owner pays on the value of the property being taxed

Energy

Indiana's power production chiefly consists of the consumption of fossil fuels, mainly coal. Indiana has 24 coal power plants, including the largest coal power plant in the United States, Gibson Generating Station, located near Owensville, Indiana. The Gibson Generating Station is a coal-burning power plant located in Gibson County Indiana, United States. Owensville is a town in Montgomery Township, Gibson County, Indiana, United States. While Indiana has made commitments to increasing use of renewable resources such as wind, hydroelectric, biomass, or solar power, however, progress has been very slow, mainly because of the continued abundance of coal in Southern Indiana. Most of the new plants in the state have been "coal gasification" plants. Another source is hydroelectric power.

Indiana has six hydroelectric dams. The Norway and Oakdale Dams near Monticello provide electrical power, recreation, and other benefits to local citizens. The Norway Dam created Lake Shafer and the Oakdale Dam created Lake Freeman. The Markland Dam, on the Ohio River, near Vevay, Indiana also produces electricity. The city of Wabash was the first electrically lighted city in the country. Solar power and wind power are being investigated, and Geothermal Power is being used commercially.

Sources of energy (2001)

Fuel	Capacity	Percent of Total Consumed	Percent of Total Production	Number of Plants/Units
Coal	19,500MW	63. 0000%	88. 5000%	24 Plants
Natural Gas	2,100MW	29. Natural gas is a Gaseous Fossil fuel consisting primarily of Methane but including significant quantities of Ethane, Propane, 0000%	10. 5000%	12 Units / 2 plants
Petroleum	575MW	7. Petroleum ( L petroleum, from Greek πετρέλαιον, lit 5000%	1. 5000%	10 Units
Hydroelectric	64MW	0. Hydroelectricity is electricity generated by Hydropower, ie the production of power through use of the gravitational force of falling water 0450%	0. 0100%	1 Plant
Biomass	20MW	0. Biomass refers to living and recently dead Biological material that can be used as fuel or for industrial production 0150%	0. 0020%	2 units
Wood & Waste	18MW	0. Wood is hard fibrous lignified structural tissue produced as secondary Xylem in the stems of Woody plants notably trees but also shrubs WASTE is a Peer-to-peer and Friend-to-friend protocol and software application developed by Justin Frankel at Nullsoft in 2003 that features 0013%	0. 0015%	3 Units
Wind	?MW	?%	?%	1 Farms/87 Towers
Geothermal and/or Solar	0MW	0. Wind is the flow of Air or other Gases that compose an Atmosphere (including but not limited to the Earth's) 0%	0. 0	No Facilities at this time

• Indiana does not utilize photovoltaic (solar) power. Photovoltaics ( PV) is the field of technology and research related to the application of Solar cells for Energy by converting Sunlight directly ^[47][48][49]

Transportation

Airports

Indianapolis International Airport serves the greater Indianapolis area and is currently in the process of a major expansion project. Indianapolis International Airport is a public Airport located seven miles (11 km) southwest of the Central business district of Indianapolis When fully completed, the airport will offer a new midfield passenger terminal, concourses, air traffic control tower, parking garage, and airfield and apron improvements. ^[50]

Other major airports include Evansville Regional Airport, Fort Wayne International Airport (which houses the 122nd Fighter Wing of the Air National Guard), and South Bend Regional Airport. Evansville Regional Airport is a public Airport located three miles (5 km) north of the Central business district Fort Wayne International Airport is a public Airport located seven miles (11 km southwest of the Central business district of Fort Wayne, in The Air National Guard ( ANG), often referred to as the Air Guard, is the air force militia organized by each of the several states and South Bend Regional Airport is a public Airport located three miles (5 km) northwest of the Central business district of South Bend, a A long-standing proposal to turn the under-utilized Gary Chicago International Airport into Chicago's third major airport received a boost in early 2006 with the approval of $48 million in federal funding over the next ten years. Gary/Chicago International Airport is a public Airport located three miles (5 km) northwest of the Central business district of Gary, a ^[51]

The Terre Haute International Airport has no airlines operating out of the facility but is used for private flying. Terre Haute International Airport is a public Airport located five miles (8 km east of the Central business district of Terre Haute, a city in Since 1954, the 181st Fighter Wing of the Indiana Air National Guard has been stationed at the airport. The Air National Guard ( ANG), often referred to as the Air Guard, is the air force militia organized by each of the several states and However, the BRAC Proposal of 2005 stated that the 181st would lose its fighter mission and F-16 aircraft, leaving the Terre Haute facility as a general-aviation only facility.

The southern part of the state is also served by the Louisville International Airport across the Ohio River in Louisville, Kentucky. Louisville International Airport is a public Airport centrally located in the city of Louisville in Jefferson County, Kentucky, USA The southeastern part of the state is served by the Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky International Airport also across the Ohio River in Florence Ky. Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky International Airport is located in Hebron, unincorporated Boone County, Kentucky, United States and serves the Many residents of northwestern Indiana use the two Chicago airports, O'Hare International Airport and Chicago Midway International Airport

Highways

The major U. Chicago Midway International Airport, also known simply as Midway Airport or Midway, is an Airport in Chicago Illinois, United States S. Interstate highways in Indiana are I-69, I-65, I-94, I-70, I-74, I-64, I-80, and I-90. Interstate 69 (I-69 is an Interstate Highway in the United States. Interstate 65 (I-65 is a major Interstate Highway in the United States. Interstate 70 (I-70 is an Interstate highway in the United States that runs from Interstate 15 near Cove Fort Utah, to a Park and Ride Interstate 74 (abbreviated I-74) is an Interstate highway in the Midwestern and Southeastern United States. Interstate 64 (abbreviated I-64) is an Interstate Highway in the eastern United States. Interstate 80 (I-80 is the second-longest Interstate Highway in the United States (after I-90) Interstate 90 (I-90 is the longest interstate highway in the United States at nearly 3100 miles (5000 kilometers The various highways intersecting in and around Indianapolis earned it the nickname "The Crossroads of America". Originally the "Crossroads of America" referred to Terre Haute, where the two major US 41 and US 40 ("Old National Road") highways intersected.

There are also many state highways maintained by the Indiana Department of Transportation. State Roads in the US state of Indiana are numbered rationally in general odd one-digit and two-digit highways are north-south highways numbers increasing The Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT is a governmental agency of the U These are numbered according to the same convention as U.S. Highways. The system of United States Numbered Highways (often called U

County roads

Most Indiana counties use a grid-based system to identify county roads; this system replaced the older arbitrary system of road numbers and names, and (among other things) makes it much easier to identify the sources of calls placed to the 9-1-1 system. 911 (usually pronounced "nine-one-one" is the Emergency telephone number for the North American Numbering Plan (NANP For this reason, the system is often called "9-1-1 addressing". Such systems are easier to implement in the glacially flattened northern portion of the state. Rural counties in the southern third of the state are less likely to have grids and more likely to rely on unsystematic road names (e. g. , Franklin County); there are also counties in the northern portions of the state that have never implemented a grid, or have only partially implemented one.

Many counties set up this grid as follows: the county is given an east-west division line, dividing the county into northern and southern parts, and a north-south meridian line, dividing it into eastern and western parts. Roads are numbered by taking the distance, in miles, from the appropriate baseline and multiplying it by 100. Thus, a north-south road that is 1 mile east of the meridian line is county road 100 E; and an east-west road that is 4. 75 miles north of the division line is county road 475 N.

Rail

Indiana has over 4,255 railroad route miles, of which 91 percent are operated by Class I railroads, principally CSX Transportation and Norfolk Southern. This article is about the present railroad formed in 1990 For the former regional railroad in Virginia and North Carolina a small part of the new one see Norfolk Southern Other Class I railroads in Indiana include Canadian National and the Soo Line, a Canadian Pacific Railway subsidiary, as well as Amtrak. A Class I railroad in the United States and Mexico, or a Class I rail carrier in Canada, is a large freight Railroad, as classified The Soo Line Railroad is the United States arm of the Canadian Pacific Railway, serving Chicago and the areas to the east and west The Canadian Pacific Railway ( The National Railroad Passenger Corporation, Doing business as Amtrak, is a Government-owned corporation that was organized on May 1, 1971 The remaining miles are operated by 37 regional, local, and switching & terminal railroads. The South Shore Line is one of the country's most notable commuter rail systems extending from Chicago to South Bend. Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. South Bend is a city on the St Joseph river and a twin city of Mishawaka Indiana. Indiana is currently implementing an extensive rail plan that was prepared in 2002 by the Parsons Corporation. Founded in 1944 by engineer Ralph M Parsons Parsons Corporation is one of the largest Engineering and Construction companies in the United States, with revenues ^[52]

Ports

Indiana annually ships over 70 million tons of cargo by water each year, which ranks 14th among all U. S. states. More than half of Indiana's border is water, which includes 400 miles (640 km) of direct access to two major freight transportation arteries: the Great Lakes/St. Lawrence Seaway (via Lake Michigan) and the Inland Waterway System (via the Ohio River). The Ports of Indiana manages three major ports which include Burns Harbor, Jeffersonville, and Mount Vernon. The Port of Indiana-Burns Harbor is an industrial area founded in 1965 and located on the Lake Michigan shore of Indiana at the intersection of U Burns Harbor is a town in Westchester Township, Porter County, Indiana, United States on the shores of Lake Michigan in Northwest Jeffersonville (ˈdʒɛfɚsənˌvɪl is a city in Clark County, Indiana, along the Ohio River. Mount Vernon is a city in southern Indiana along the Ohio River and the County seat of Posey County ^[53]

Education

Indiana is known as the "Brain Bank of the Midwest" as Indiana's colleges and universities attract the fourth largest number of out-of-state students in the nation and the largest out-of-state student population in the midwest. In addition, Indiana is the third best state in the country at keeping high school seniors in-state as Indiana colleges and universities attract 88% of Indiana's college attendees. ^[54] Indiana universities also lead the nation in the attraction of international students with Purdue University and Indiana University ranked #3 and #17 respectively in the total international student enrollment of all universities in the United States. ^[55] This exceptional popularity is attributed to the high quality of the research and educational universities located in the state. The state's leading higher education institutions include Indiana University, Purdue University, University of Notre Dame, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology, IPFW, IUPUI, Butler University, Ball State University, Valparaiso University, Indiana State University, University of Southern Indiana, Vincennes University, Wabash College, University of Evansville, DePauw University, Manchester College, Huntington University, Earlham College, Indiana Wesleyan University and St. Mary of the Woods College among the many public and private institutions located in the state. Indiana University, founded in 1820, is a nine-campus University system in the state of Indiana. The University of Notre Dame du Lac (or simply Notre Dame) (ˌnoʊtɚˈdeɪm is a private Roman Catholic Research university located in Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology (abbreviated RHIT) formerly Rose Polytechnic Institute, is a small private non-sectarian College Indiana University—Purdue University Fort Wayne ( IPFW) is a regional University Campus located in Fort Wayne Indiana. Indiana University–Purdue University Indianapolis ( IUPUI) is an urban shared campus of Indiana University and Purdue University located Butler University is a private Liberal arts University in Indianapolis, Indiana. Ball State University is a state-run research University located in Muncie, Indiana, U Valparaiso University, known Colloquially as Valpo, is a private University located in the city of Valparaiso in the U Indiana State University ( ISU) is a Public university that is located in Terre Haute Indiana, United States. The University of Southern Indiana (USI is a Public university in Evansville Indiana. Vincennes University ( VU) is a Public university in Vincennes Indiana in the United States. Wabash College is a small private liberal arts college for men, located in Crawfordsville Indiana. The University of Evansville ( UE) is a small private University with approximately 3050 students located in Evansville Indiana. DePauw University in Greencastle Indiana, USA is a private national liberal arts college with an enrollment of approximately 2400 students Huntington University is a comprehensive Liberal arts college located in Huntington, Indiana. For other places with the same name see Earlham (disambiguation. Indiana Wesleyan University ( IWU) is a private Evangelical Christian Liberal arts college located in Marion Indiana that is affiliated Saint Mary-of-the-Woods College is a Catholic, four-year Liberal arts women's college located northwest of Terre Haute Indiana, between

The state has had difficulty retaining its college graduates, bringing the issue of brain drain to the attention of Governor Mitch Daniels. A brain drain or human capital flight is a large emigration of individuals with technical skills or knowledge, normally due to conflict, lack of opportunity Mitchell Elias "Mitch" Daniels Jr (born April 7, 1949 in Monongahela PA) is the current Governor of the U ^[56]

See also: List of colleges and universities in Indiana

See also: List of school districts in Indiana

See also: List of high schools in Indiana

Sports

Auto racing

Indiana has a long history with auto racing. The following is a list of Colleges and universities in the U List of school districts in Indiana by county (295 school districts A Adams County Adams Central This is a list of high schools in the state of Indiana containing grades 9-12 Auto racing (also known as automobile racing, motor racing or car racing) is a Motorsport involving Racing Cars It Indianapolis hosts the Indianapolis 500 mile race over Memorial Day weekend at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway every May. The Indianapolis 500-Mile Race, often shortened to Indianapolis 500 or Indy 500, and historically known simply as "The 500" is an American Memorial Day is a United States Federal holiday observed on the last Monday of May (on May in) The Indianapolis Motor Speedway, located in Speedway Indiana (an Enclave of Indianapolis) in the United States, is the home of the The name of the race is usually shortened to "Indy 500" and also goes by the nickname, "The Greatest Spectacle in Racing". The race attracts over 250,000 people every year making it the largest single day sporting event in the world. The track also hosts the Allstate 400 at the Brickyard (NASCAR) and the United States Grand Prix (Formula One). The Allstate 400 at The Brickyard, introduced as the Brickyard 400 in 1994, is an annual 400-mile (644 km NASCAR Sprint Cup points race The National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing ( NASCAR) is the largest sanctioning body of Stock cars in the United States. The United States Grand Prix is a motor race which has been run on and off since 1908 when it was known as the American Grand Prize.

Basketball

Indiana has a rich basketball heritage that reaches back to the formative years of the sport itself. Basketball is a team Sport in which two teams of five active players each try to score points against one another by propelling a ball through a 10 feet (3 m Although James Naismith invented basketball in Springfield, Massachusetts, in 1891, Indiana is where high school basketball was born. James A Naismith (November 6 Springfield is a City in and the County seat of Hampden County, Massachusetts, United States. In 1925, Naismith visited an Indiana basketball state finals game along with 15,000 screaming fans and later wrote "Basketball really had its origin in Indiana, which remains the center of the sport. " The 1986 film Hoosiers is based on the story of the 1954 Indiana state champions Milan High School. This page is about the movie "Hoosiers" Hoosiers is also the nickname of Indiana University athletic teams see Indiana Hoosiers. Milan High School is a small high school located at 609 N Warpath Drive Milan Indiana.

Club	Sport	League
Anderson Packers (defunct)	Basketball	National Basketball Association
Dubois County Dragons (defunct)	Baseball	Minor League Baseball
Elkhart Express	Basketball	International Basketball League
Evansville Agogans (defunct)	Basketball	National Professional Basketball League
Evansville BlueCats (defunct)	Indoor football	United Indoor Football
Evansville Crimson Giants (defunct)	Football	National Football League
Evansville Express (defunct)	Football	National Women's Football Association
Evansville IceMen	Ice Hockey	Midwest Hockey League
Evansville Otters	Baseball	Frontier League
Evansville Thunder (defunct)	Basketball	Continental Basketball Association
Evansville Triplets (defunct)	Baseball	American Association
FC Indiana	Soccer	Women's Premier Soccer League
Fort Wayne Fever	Soccer	USL Premier Development League
Fort Wayne Freedom	Arena football	Continental Indoor Football League
Fort Wayne Komets	Ice hockey	International Hockey League (2007-)
Fort Wayne Mad Ants	Basketball	NBA Development League
Fort Wayne Pistons (now Detroit Pistons)	Basketball	National Basketball Association
Fort Wayne Wizards	Baseball	Midwest League
Gary SouthShore RailCats	Baseball	Northern League
Gary Steelheads	Basketball	International Basketball League
Indiana Fever	Basketball	Women's National Basketball Association
Indiana Ice	Ice hockey	United States Hockey League
Indiana Pacers	Basketball	National Basketball Association, formerly, the American Basketball Association
Indiana Invaders	Soccer	USL Premier Development League
Indiana Speed	Football	Women's Professional Football League
Indianapolis Capitols (defunct)	Football	Continental Football League
Indianapolis Colts	Football	National Football League
Indianapolis Indians	Baseball	International League
Hammond Pros (defunct)	Football	National Football League
Indianapolis Olympians (defunct)	Basketball	National Basketball Association
Indianapolis Jets (defunct)	Basketball	National Basketball Association
Indianapolis Racers (defunct)	Ice Hockey	World Hockey Association
Muncie Flyers (defunct)	Football	National Football League (American Professional Football Association)
South Bend Silver Hawks	Baseball	Midwest League
Whiting All-American Caesars (defunct)	Basketball	National Basketball League

College sports

Indiana has had great sports success at the collegiate level. Season-by-season records |-!colspan="6"| Anderson Packers (NBL|-|1946-47 ||24||20||0 The Ohio Valley Redcoats are a Minor league baseball team in the independent Frontier League which currently has suspended operations while in search of a new stadium Baseball is a Bat-and-ball Sport played between two teams of nine players each Part of the History of baseball series Minor league baseball is a hierarchy of Professional baseball leagues in North The Elkhart Express are an International Basketball League team based in Elkhart Indiana. This article is about the International Basketball League formed in 2004. Also see Sports in Evansville. The Evansville Agogans were a professional Basketball team who played in Evansville Indiana Basketball is a team Sport in which two teams of five active players each try to score points against one another by propelling a ball through a 10 feet (3 m Also see Sports in Evansville. The Evansville BlueCats are a professional Indoor football team This article discusses indoor variations of American football for indoor versions of association football (soccer see Futsal and Indoor soccer and for the United Indoor Football was an Indoor football league that started in 2005 Also see Sports in Evansville. The Evansville Crimson Giants were a professional American football team based in Evansville The National Football League ( NFL) is the largest professional American football league. Football is the word given to a number of similar Team sports all of which involve (to varying degrees kicking a Ball with the foot in an attempt to score a The National Women's Football Association (NWFA is a full-contact American football league for women headquartered in Nashville, Tennessee. The Evansville IceMen are a professional Hockey team based in Evansville Indiana. Ice hockey, often referred to simply as hockey, is a team Sport played on Ice. The Midwest Hockey League (MWHL is a low-level Professional hockey league which will play its inagural season consisting of a 40-game schedule in November The Evansville Otters are a professional baseball team based in Evansville Indiana, in the United States. Baseball is a Bat-and-ball Sport played between two teams of nine players each The Frontier League, based in Troy Illinois, is a professional independent baseball organization located in the Midwestern United States and Also see Sports in Evansville. The Evansville Thunder were a professional Basketball team who played in Evansville Indiana Basketball is a team Sport in which two teams of five active players each try to score points against one another by propelling a ball through a 10 feet (3 m The Continental Basketball Association ( CBA) is a professional men's Basketball league in the United States. The Evansville Triplets were a Minor league baseball team of the American Association from - Baseball is a Bat-and-ball Sport played between two teams of nine players each This article refers to the former minor league that existed from 1902 to 1962 and 1969 to 1997 FC Indiana, also known as FC Indiana Lionesses, is a professional American women’s Soccer team founded in 2000 which is a member of the United Soccer Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a Team sport played between two teams of eleven players and is widely considered Fort Wayne Fever are an American Soccer team founded in 2003. History In 1995 the USISL split into two leagues one professional and one amateur The Fort Wayne Freedom is a team in the Continental Indoor Football League, beginning play in the 2008 season This article is about the sport of Arena Football See Arena Football (video game for the EA Sports Video game of the same name The Continental Indoor Football League ( CIFL) is an indoor football league based along the Northeastern United States region The Fort Wayne Komets are a minor league hockey franchise currently playing in the International Hockey League. Ice hockey, often referred to simply as hockey, is a team Sport played on Ice. The International Hockey League is a mid-level Professional Ice hockey league with teams in the United States. The Fort Wayne Mad Ants are a team of the NBA Development League, located in Fort Wayne Indiana. The NBA Development League, or D-League, is the National Basketball Association 's officially sponsored and operated developmental Basketball organization The Detroit Pistons are a team in the National Basketball Association based in the Detroit metropolitan area The Detroit Pistons are a team in the National Basketball Association based in the Detroit metropolitan area The Midwest League is a Class A Minor league baseball league which operates in the Midwestern United States. The Gary SouthShore RailCats are a professional baseball team based in Gary Indiana, in the United States. This article refers to the modern Northern League. For the original incarnations of the Northern League which operated between 1902 and 1971 see Northern League The Gary Steelheads are a professional Basketball team that plays in the International Basketball League. This article is about the International Basketball League formed in 2004. The Indiana Fever is a professional women's Basketball team that plays in the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA The Indiana Ice is a Tier I Ice hockey team formed in 2004 when it was purchased from the former Danville Illinois, USA, team the Danville The United States Hockey League (USHL is the top Junior ice hockey league in the United States. The American Basketball Association ( ABA) was a professional Basketball league founded in 1967, and eventually merged in part with the National Indiana Invaders are an American Soccer team founded in 1998. History In 1995 the USISL split into two leagues one professional and one amateur The Indiana Speed are a football team in the Women's Professional Football League. The Indianapolis Capitols were a professional American football team based in Indianapolis Indiana. American football, known in the United States and Canada simply as football, is a competitive Team sport known for mixing strategy with The Continental Football League was an American football league played in North America from 1965 through 1969. The Indianapolis Colts are a professional American football team based in Indianapolis Indiana. American football, known in the United States and Canada simply as football, is a competitive Team sport known for mixing strategy with The National Football League ( NFL) is the largest professional American football league. The Indianapolis Indians are a Minor league baseball team based in Indianapolis Indiana. The International League ( IL) is a Minor league baseball league which operates in the eastern United States. The Hammond Pros from Hammond Indiana played in the National Football League from 1920 to 1926 as a Traveling team. The National Football League ( NFL) is the largest professional American football league. The Indianapolis Olympians were a National Basketball Association (NBA team based in Indianapolis Indiana, USA The Indianapolis Jets were a National Basketball Association team based in Indianapolis Indiana. The Indianapolis Racers were a franchise in the former World Hockey Association from 1974-78 The World Hockey Association (French Association Mondiale de Hockey) was a professional Ice hockey league that operated in North America from 1972 See also Muncie Flyers (ice hockey The Muncie Flyers from Muncie Indiana played in the National Football League (then called the American The National Football League ( NFL) is the largest professional American football league. The National Football League ( NFL) is the largest professional American football league. The South Bend Silver Hawks are a US Class A Minor league baseball team affiliated with the Arizona Diamondbacks, that plays in the Midwest The Midwest League is a Class A Minor league baseball league which operates in the Midwestern United States. The National Basketball League was a professional basketball league in the United States from 1937 to 1949. Notably, Indiana University has won five NCAA basketball championships, six swimming and diving NCAA championships, and seven NCAA soccer championships and Notre Dame has won 11 football championships. Indiana University is the flagship campus of the Indiana University system. The University of Notre Dame du Lac (or simply Notre Dame) (ˌnoʊtɚˈdeɪm is a private Roman Catholic Research university located in Schools fielding NCAA Division I athletic programs include:

Ball State University Butler University Indiana University IPFW IUPUI

Indiana State University Purdue University University of Evansville University of Notre Dame Valparaiso University

Miscellaneous

Military installations

Indiana used to be home to two major military installations, Grissom Air Force Base near Peru (reduced to reservist operations in 1994) and Fort Benjamin Harrison near Indianapolis, now closed, though the Department of Defense continues to operate a large finance center there. Division I (or D-I) is the highest level of intercollegiate athletics sanctioned by the National Collegiate Athletic Association in the United States Ball State University is a state-run research University located in Muncie, Indiana, U Butler University is a private Liberal arts University in Indianapolis, Indiana. Indiana University is the flagship campus of the Indiana University system. Indiana University—Purdue University Fort Wayne ( IPFW) is a regional University Campus located in Fort Wayne Indiana. Indiana University–Purdue University Indianapolis ( IUPUI) is an urban shared campus of Indiana University and Purdue University located Indiana State University ( ISU) is a Public university that is located in Terre Haute Indiana, United States. The University of Evansville ( UE) is a small private University with approximately 3050 students located in Evansville Indiana. The University of Notre Dame du Lac (or simply Notre Dame) (ˌnoʊtɚˈdeɪm is a private Roman Catholic Research university located in Valparaiso University, known Colloquially as Valpo, is a private University located in the city of Valparaiso in the U Grissom Joint Air Reserve Base, formerly known as Grissom Air Force Base, is a military Airport located five miles (8 km) south of the Central business Fort Benjamin Harrison was a US Army post located on the northeast side of Indianapolis, Indiana, named for the 23rd United States President The United States Department of Defense ( DOD or DoD) is the federal department charged with coordinating and supervising all agencies and functions of the government

Current active installations include Air National Guard fighter units at Fort Wayne, and Terre Haute airports (to be consolidated at Fort Wayne under the 2005 BRAC proposal, with the Terre Haute facility remaining open as a non-flying installation). The Air National Guard ( ANG), often referred to as the Air Guard, is the air force militia organized by each of the several states and Fort Wayne is a City in northeastern Indiana, United States and the County seat of Allen Terre Haute ( is a city in Vigo County, Indiana near the state's western border with Illinois. The preliminary 2005 Base Realignment and Closure list was released by the United States Department of Defense on May 13, 2005. The Army National Guard conducts operations at Camp Atterbury in Edinburgh, Indiana and helicopter operations out of Shelbyville Airport. The Army National Guard ( ARNG) is the land force militia organized by each of the several states and territories of the United States Camp Atterbury, near Edinburgh Indiana, is a training base of the Indiana National Guard. Alternative meanings at Edinburgh (disambiguation. Edinburgh (ˈɛdɪnbɜrɡ is a town in Bartholomew, Johnson, and The Crane Naval Weapons Center is in the southwest of the state and the Army's Newport Chemical Depot, which is currently heavily involved in neutralizing dangerous chemical weapons stored there, is in the western part of the state. Naval Surface Warfare Center Crane Division is the principle tenant command located at Naval Support Activity Crane The Newport Chemical Depot was a bulk chemical storage and destruction facility in west central Indiana, thirty miles north of Terre Haute operated by the Also, Naval Operational Support Center Indianapolis is home to several Navy Reserve units, a Marine Reserve unit, and a small contingent of active and full-time-support reserve personnel. Heslar Naval Armory (formerly Indianapolis Naval Reserve Armory was constructed in 1936 in Indianapolis Indiana, USA, on the shore of White River The United States Navy Reserve, until 2005 known as the United States Naval Reserve, is the reserve component of the United States Navy. The Marine Forces Reserve ( MARFORRES or MFR) (also known as the United States Marine Corps Reserve ( USMCR) a part of the United States

Time zones

Main article: Time in Indiana

Indiana is one of thirteen U. S. states that is divided by more than one time zone. Indiana's time zones have fluctuated over the past century. At present most of the state observes Eastern Time; six counties near Chicago and six near Evansville observe Central Time. The Eastern Time Zone ( ET) of the Western Hemisphere falls mostly along the east coast of North America and the west coast of South America The Central Time Zone observes Standard time by subtracting six hours from UTC during standard time ( UTC−6) and five hours during Daylight saving Debate continues on the matter.

Before 2006, most of Indiana did not observe daylight saving time (DST). Daylight saving time ( DST Some counties within this area, particularly Floyd, Clark, and Harrison counties near Louisville, Kentucky, and Ohio and Dearborn counties near Cincinnati, Ohio, unofficially observed DST by local custom. Floyd County is a County located in the US state of Indiana. As of 2000 the population was 70823 Clark County is a County located in the US state of Indiana, located directly across the Ohio River from Louisville, Kentucky Harrison County is a County located in the south-central part of the U Ohio County is a County located in the state of Indiana. In area it is the smallest county in Indiana and in 2000 it was the county in Indiana with the Dearborn County is a County located in the US state of Indiana. Since April 2006 the entire state observes DST. Although DST is supposed to save energy, a 2008 study of billing data before and after the change in 2006 concluded that residential electricity consumption had increased by 1% to 4%, primarily due to extra afternoon cooling. ^[57]

State symbols

Main article: List of Indiana state symbols

• State bird: Cardinal
• State flower: Peony
• State motto: The Crossroads of America. This is a list of state symbols of Indiana. The majority of the items in the list are officially recognized symbols created by an act of the Indiana General Assembly This is a list of US state birds as designated by each state's legislature The Northern Cardinal ( Cardinalis cardinalis) is a North American Bird in the Cardinal family. In a number of countries plants have been chosen as symbols to represent specific geographic areas For the ancient Balkan region and tribe see Paionia. The peony or paeony ( Paeonia) is the only genus in the Here is a list of state Mottos for the states of the United States of America.
• State poem: Indiana, by Arthur Franklin Mapes. See also Lists of US state insignia
• State song: On the Banks of the Wabash, Far Away
• State river: Wabash
• State stone: Salem limestone
• State tree: Tulip tree

Famous Hoosiers

See also: List of people from Indiana

Indiana is the home state of many astronauts, including Gus Grissom, Frank Borman, and David Wolf. Introduction Forty-nine states of the United States (all except New Jersey) have one or more state songs, selected by the state "On the Banks of the Wabash Far Away" is the state of Indiana's official state song. The Wabash River is a long River in the eastern United States that flows southwest from northwest Ohio near St Not every state has an official state mineral rock stone or gemstone Limestone is a Sedimentary rock composed largely of the Mineral Calcite ( Calcium carbonate: CaCO3 In a number of countries plants have been chosen as symbols to represent specific geographic areas "Tulip tree" redirects here For the African tulip tree see Spathodea campanulata. This is a list of some famous people who were born or lived in Indiana. An astronaut or cosmonaut (космона́вт) is a person trained Virgil Ivan Grissom, more widely known as Gus Grissom, ( 3 April 1926 – 27 January 1967) was one of the original NASA Frank Frederick Borman II (born March 14, 1928) is a retired NASA Astronaut, best remembered as the Commander of Apollo 8, the David Alexander Wolf (born 23 August 1956) is an American astronaut and a veteran of four Space shuttle missions and an extended stay aboard The state was the birthplace of numerous entertainers and athletes including Larry Bird, John Mellencamp, Michael Jackson, Don Larsen, David Letterman, David Lee Roth, and Scott Rolen. Larry Joe Bird (born December 7 1956 is a retired American NBA Basketball player widely considered as one of the best players of all time and one of the top John Mellencamp, previously known as John Cougar and then John Cougar Mellencamp, (born October 7, 1951, in Seymour Indiana) is a Michael Joseph Jackson (born August 29 1958 is an American musician entertainer and businessman Donald James Larsen (born August 7, 1929 in Michigan City Indiana) was a Major League Baseball pitcher for 14 seasons David Michael Letterman (born April 12, 1947) is an American late-night Talk show host and Comedian and the host since 1993 David Lee Roth (often referred to as "Diamond Dave" (born October 10 1954 Bloomington Indiana) is an American rock Vocalist Scott Bruce Rolen (born April 4, 1975 in Jasper Indiana) is a Major League Baseball Third baseman for the Toronto Blue Jays Other notable people who were in Indiana during a major part of their career include:

George Ade, Author, playwright, newspaper columnist John Andretti, racecar driver David Anspaugh, movie director Albert J. Beveridge, politician and historian Larry Bird, basketball player, coach Damon Bailey, retired basketball player Arija Bareikis, actress Birch Bayh, senator Evan Bayh, governor and senator Rupert Boneham, Survivor star Claude Bowers, politician and historian Drew Brees, Football player Avery Brooks, Actor Hoagy Carmichael, composer Jared Carter, poet Jim Davis, cartoonist James Dean, movie star Eugene V. Debs, Socialist Presidential candidate Mark Dismore, racecar driver Theodore Dreiser, novelist Paul Dresser, song writer Carl Erskine, baseball star and civic leader Jessie Flower, actress Vivica A. Fox, actress Jared Fogle, Subway Spokesperson Brendan Fraser, actor Lillian Gilbreth, home economist Jeff Gordon, NASCAR driver Michael Graves, architect Bob Griese, Football Player Gus Grissom, astronaut Rex Grossman, NFL Quarterback Charles Halleck, politician Lee Hamilton, politician Benjamin Harrison, 23rd U. George Ade ( February 9, 1866 - May 16, 1944) was an American Writer, newspaper Columnist, and Playwright. John Andretti (born March 12, 1963 in Bethlehem Pennsylvania) is an American race car driver David Anspaugh (born September 24, 1946) is an Emmy Award -winning American television and Film director. Albert Jeremiah Beveridge ( October 6 1862, Highland County Ohio &ndash April 27 1927, Indianapolis Indiana) was Larry Joe Bird (born December 7 1956 is a retired American NBA Basketball player widely considered as one of the best players of all time and one of the top Damon Bailey (born October 21, 1971 in Heltonville, Indiana) is a retired American Basketball player who has been regarded as a Arija Bareikis (born July 21 1966) is an American actress She starred alongside Rob Schneider as Kate in Deuce Bigalow Male Gigolo Birch Evans Bayh II (born January 22, 1928) is a former United States Senator from Indiana (1963 to 1981 Rupert Boneham (born January 7, 1964) is an American mentor for troubled teens Claude Gernade Bowers (1878 - 1958 was an American writer Democratic politician and ambassador to Spain and Chile. Drew Christopher Brees (born January 15, 1979 in Austin, Texas) is an American football Quarterback for the New Avery Franklin Brooks (born October 2, 1948) is an American Actor, Jazz musician Opera Singer and Hoagland Howard "Hoagy" Carmichael (November 22 1899 – December 27 1981 was an American Composer, Pianist, singer actor and bandleader Jared Carter is a contemporary American poet with particular interests in traditional lyric and narrative poetry and in the geographic and cultural area of the James Robert " Jim " Davis (born July 28, 1945) is an American Cartoonist who created the popular comic strip James Byron Dean ( February 8 1931 &ndash September 30 1955) was a two-time Oscar -nominated American Film Eugene Victor Debs (November 5 1855 &ndash October 20 1926 was an American union leader one of the founding members of the International Labor Union and the Industrial Mark Dismore (born October 12, 1956 in Greenfield Indiana) is a former driver in the Indy Racing League and the 1990 Toyota Pacific Theodore Herman Albert Dreiser ( August 27 1871 &ndash December 28 1945) was an American novelist and journalist Paul Dresser ( April 22 1857 &ndash January 31 1906) was an important American songwriter of the late 19th century and early 20th Carl Daniel Erskine (born December 13 1926 in Anderson Indiana) is a former right-handed Starting pitcher in Major League Baseball Jessie Flower (born August 18, 1994 in Indiana) is an American actress Vivica Anjanetta Fox (born July 30, 1964) is an American actress Jared S Fogle also known as The Subway Guy, is a Spokesman employed by Subway Restaurants in its Advertising campaigns He is known for his Brendan James Fraser (born December 3 1968 is a Canadian-American Film and stage actor Lillian Moller Gilbreth PhD, ( May 24 1878 &ndash January 2, 1972) was one of the first working female Engineers holding Jeffery Michael Gordon Michael Graves (born July 9, 1934) is an American Architect. Identified as one of The New York Five, Graves has become a household name Robert Allen Griese (Gree-see (born February 3, 1945 in Evansville Indiana) is a former American football Quarterback who earned Virgil Ivan Grissom, more widely known as Gus Grissom, ( 3 April 1926 – 27 January 1967) was one of the original NASA Rex Daniel Grossman III (born August 23, 1980 in Bloomington, Indiana) is an American football Quarterback for the Charles Abraham Halleck ( August 22, 1900 &ndash March 3, 1986) was a Republican leader of the United States House of Representatives Lee Herbert Hamilton (born April 20 1931) the vice chairman of the 9/11 Commission, currently serves on the President 's Homeland Benjamin Harrison (August 20 1833 &ndash March 13 1901 was the twenty-third President of the United States, serving one term from 1889 to 1893 S. President William Henry Harrison, U. This article is about the general and president For his great-great-grandson see William H S. President and General Richard Hatcher, politician Florence Henderson, singer-actress Jimmy Hoffa, American labor leader Paul Hoffman, industrialist Richard Shannon Hoon singer/songwriter Robert Indiana, painter/sculptor Michael Jackson, singer/songwriter Gene Keady, basketball coach Shawn Kemp, basketball player Alfred Kinsey, sex researcher

Bobby Knight, basketball coach Don Larsen, baseball pitcher David Letterman, TV personality Eli Lilly, industrialist and philanthropist Carole Lombard, actress Shelley Long, actress Richard Lugar, politician Karl Malden, actor Don Mattingly, baseball player/coach John Mellencamp, musician Steve McQueen, actor Ryan Newman, NASCAR driver Edna Scott Parker, Oldest person in the world Jane Pauley, anchor and journalist Cole Porter, song writer Ernie Pyle, journalist Dan Quayle, Forty-fourth U. Richard G Hatcher (b July 10 1933 Michigan City Indiana) became the first African-American mayor of Gary Indiana on January 1, 1968 Florence Agnes Henderson (born February 14, 1934) is an American actress and singer perhaps best known for playing the role of Carol Brady in the Television James Riddle ("Jimmy" Hoffa ( February 14, 1913 - disappeared July 30, 1975, exact Paul Hoffman (born 1956 is a prominent author and host of the PBS television series Great Minds of Science. Richard Shannon Hoon ( September 26, 1967 &ndash October 21, 1995) was an American Singer-songwriter and Musician Robert Indiana (born as Robert Clark, New Castle Indiana, September 13 1928) is an American artist associated with the Michael Joseph Jackson (born August 29 1958 is an American musician entertainer and businessman Gene Keady ( May 21 1936 is a former Basketball coach and NFL Quarterback. Shawn T Kemp (born November 26 1969, in Elkhart, Indiana) is an American professional Basketball player formerly Alfred Charles Kinsey (June 23 1894 &ndash August 25 1956 was an American Biologist and professor of Entomology and Zoology, who in 1947 Robert Montgomery (Bob or Bobby Knight (born October 25 1940 in Massillon Ohio) also known as "The General" is an American former college Donald James Larsen (born August 7, 1929 in Michigan City Indiana) was a Major League Baseball pitcher for 14 seasons David Michael Letterman (born April 12, 1947) is an American late-night Talk show host and Comedian and the host since 1993 Carole Lombard ( October 6, 1908 – January 16, 1942) born Jane Alice Peters in Fort Wayne Indiana, was an Oscar-nominated Shelley Lee Long (born August 23, 1949) is a Golden Globe Award and Emmy Award -winning American film, stage Richard Green "Dick" Lugar (born April 4, 1932) is the senior United States Senator from Indiana. Karl Malden (born on March 22, 1912) is an American Actor of Serbian origin known for his expansive manner Donald Arthur Mattingly (nicknamed " Donnie Baseball " and " The Hit Man " (born April 20, 1961) is the Los Angeles Dodgers John Mellencamp, previously known as John Cougar and then John Cougar Mellencamp, (born October 7, 1951, in Seymour Indiana) is a Terrence Steven "Steve" McQueen (March 24 1930 – November 7 1980 was an American movie Actor, nicknamed "The King of Cool" Ryan Joseph Newman (born December 8, 1977 in South Bend, Indiana) is a driver in the NASCAR Sprint Cup Series Edna Scott Parker (born April 20, 1893) is an American Supercentenarian and currently recognized as the oldest person in the world Margaret Jane Pauley (born October 31, 1950, in Indianapolis Indiana) is an American Television Journalist, and has been Cole Albert Porter (June 9 1891 &ndash October 15 1964 was an American Composer and songwriter from Peru, Indiana. Ernest Taylor Pyle ( August 3 1900 &ndash April 18 1945) was an American Journalist who wrote as a roving correspondent James Danforth "Dan" Quayle (born February 4 1947 is an American politician and a former Senator from the state of Indiana. S. Vice-President George Rapp, Utopian Orville Redenbacher, farming (popcorn) James Whitcomb Riley, poet Oscar Robertson, basketball player Knute Rockne, football coach Ned Rorem, prominent 20th century composer and writer Axl Rose, musician Jerry Ross, Astronaut Harland Sanders, founder of Kentucky Fried Chicken Wilbur Shaw, racecar driver Jean Shepherd, raconteur, personality, writer, and actor Red Skelton, comedian T. C. Steele, painter Tony Stewart, NASCAR driver Izzy Stradlin, guitarist/musician Gene Stratton-Porter, novelist Clement Studebaker, automobile maker Booth Tarkington, novelist Tecumseh, pan-American Indian leader Steve Tesich, screenwriter and playwright Maurice Thompson, novelist Kurt Vonnegut, novelist Madam C.J. Walker, bussinesswoman and civic leader Lew Wallace, Civil War general, statesman, author Gary Webb, Journalist Ryan White, AIDS activist Matt Williams, producer of popular television shows Wendell Willkie, politician Robert Wise, movie director John Wooden, basketball coach Fuzzy Zoeller, PGA golfer

See also

• List of Indiana-related topics

References

Bibliography

• Indiana Writer's Project. Indiana: A Guide To The Hoosier State: American Guide Series (1937), famous WPA Guide to every location; strong on history, architecture and culture; reprinted 1973
• Carmony, Donald Francis. Indiana, 1816 to 1850: The Pioneer Era (1998)
• Jackson, Marion T. , editor. The Natural Heritage of Indiana. © 1997, Indiana University Press, Bloomington, Indiana. ISBN 0-2533-3074-2. * James H. Madison. The Indiana Way: A State History (1990)
• Skertic, Mark and Watkins, John J. A Native's Guide to Northwest Indiana (2003)
• Taylor, Robert M. , ed. The State of Indiana History 2000: Papers Presented at the Indiana Historical Society's Grand Opening (2001)
• Taylor, Robert M. , ed. Indiana: A New Historical Guide (1990), highly detailed guide to citiies and recent history

External links

Government

• IN.Gov - The Official website of the State of Indiana
• IndyGov.Org - Official Indianapolis city government website

Culture and recreation

• Indiana State Emblems
• Official Indiana state tourism website
• Indiana Historical Society
• Road to Indiana Statehood

Geography

• USGS real-time, geographic, and other scientific resources of Indiana
• Indiana State Facts from USDA
• Historic Indiana Atlases
• Historic Indiana Maps
• Indiana Plat Books - Historic guides to the communities of Indiana
• Climate Data for Indianapolis, 1940-2006

Professional media

• Indiana Daily Newspapers
• Indiana Economic Digest - Digest of Indiana business stories
• Inside Indiana Business - Statewide business daily
• Indianapolis Star - Central Indiana news
• The Tribune-Star - West-Central Indiana news
• The Herald-Times - South-Central Indiana news
• Evansville Courier & Press - Southwest Indiana news
• The Times - Northwest Indiana news

Business

• Indiana Chamber of Commerce
• Indiana Economic Development Corporation IEDC
• State of Indiana Taiwan Office, IEDC
• Indiana Small Business Development Centers
• Indiana Venture Center

International community and business resources

• Indiana District Export Council
• Indiana Foreign Trade Offices
• Nationalities Council of Indiana
• Ports of Indiana
• U.S. Export Assistance Center
• World Trade Club of Indiana

Coordinates: 40°N 86°W / 40, -86

A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system.

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