The Indian Territory, also known as The Indian Country, The Indian territory or the Indian territories, was land set aside within the United States for the use of Native Americans. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Native Americans in the United States are the indigenous peoples from the regions of North America now encompassed by the continental United States The general borders were set by the Indian Intercourse Act of 1834. The Indian Intercourse Acts were several acts passed by the United States Congress regulating commerce between American Indians and non-Indians and restricting travel It was more properly "Indian territory" (lower-case T) than "Indian Territory" (capital T) because the name referred to the unorganized lands set aside for Native Americans, as opposed to an organized territory meant for settlement by Europeans. An unorganized territory is a region of land generally with less self-governmental powers than other regions controlled by a specific government Territories of the United States are one type of political division of the United States, administered by the U
The Indian Territory had its roots in the British Royal Proclamation of 1763, which limited white settlement to Crown lands east of the Appalachian Mountains. British colonization of the Americas (including colonization under the Kingdom of England and Kingdom of Scotland before the 1707 Acts of Union created The Proclamation of 1763 was issued October 7, 1763 by King George III following Great Britain 's acquisition of French territory The Appalachian Mountains ( often called the Appalachians, are a vast system of mountains in eastern North America. Indian Territory was reduced under British administration and again after the American Revolution, until it included only lands west of the Mississippi River. In this article the inhabitants of the thirteen colonies that supported the American Revolution are primarily referred to as "Americans" with occasional references to "Patriots" The Mississippi River is the second longest River in the United States, with a length of from its source in Lake Itasca in Minnesota to
At the time of the American Revolution, many Native American tribes had long-standing relationships with the British, but a less developed relationship with the American rebels. After the defeat of the British, the Americans twice invaded the Ohio Country and were twice defeated. The Ohio Country (sometimes called the Ohio Territory) was the name used in the 18th century for the regions of North America west of the Appalachian Mountains They finally defeated a Native American confederacy at the Battle of Fallen Timbers in 1794, imposing the unfavorable Treaty of Greenville, which ceded most of what is now Ohio, part of what is now Indiana, and the present day sites of Chicago and Detroit to the United States. The Battle of Fallen Timbers ( August 20, 1794) was the final battle of the Northwest Indian War, a struggle between American Indians and The Treaty of Greenville was signed at Fort Greenville (now Greenville Ohio) on August 3, 1795, between a coalition of Native Americans The State of Indiana ( was the 19th US state admitted into the union Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States.
The Indian Territory served as the destination for the policy of Indian Removal, a policy pursued intermittently by American presidents early in the nineteenth century, but aggressively pursued by President Andrew Jackson after the passage of the Indian Removal Act of 1830. Indian Removal was a nineteenth century policy of the government of the United States to ethnically cleanse Native American tribes living east of the Mississippi The President of the United States is the Head of state and Head of government of the United States and is the highest political official in United States by Andrew Jackson (March 15 1767 June 8 1845 was the seventh President of the United States (1829&ndash1837 The Indian Removal Act, part of a United States government policy known as Indian removal, was signed into law by President Andrew Jackson on May 26 The Five Civilized Tribes in the South were the most prominent tribes displaced by the policy, a relocation that came to be known as the Trail of Tears. The Five Civilized Tribes is the term applied to five Native American nations the Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek, and The Trail of Tears was the forced relocation of Native Americans from their homelands to Indian Territory (present day Oklahoma in the Western United States The trail ended in what is now Arkansas and Oklahoma, where there were already many Native Americans living in the territory, as well as whites and escaped slaves. Arkansas ( is a state located in the southern region of the United States. Other tribes, such as the Delaware, Cheyenne, and Apache were also forced to relocate to the Indian territory. The shannon (later named Delaware Indians by Europeans were in the 17th century organized bands of Native American peoples with shared cultural and linguistic Cheyenne are a Native American nation of the Great Plains. The Cheyenne Nation is composed of two united tribes, the Só'taa'e (more commonly
The Five Civilized Tribes set up towns such as Tulsa, Ardmore, Tahlequah, Tishomingo, Muskogee and others, which often became some of the larger towns in the state. Ardmore is a business cultural and tourism city in and the County seat of Carter County, Oklahoma, United States. Tahlequah (Pronounced " Tal a Kwa " is a city in Cherokee County, Oklahoma, United States located at the foot hills of the Ozark Mountains Tishomingo is a city in Johnston County, Oklahoma, United States. Muskogee is a City in Muskogee County, Oklahoma, United States. They also brought their African slaves to Oklahoma, which added to the African-American population in the state. As a social-economic system slavery is a legal institution under which a Person (called "a slave" is compelled to work for another African Americans or Black Americans are citizens or residents of the United States who have origins in any of the black populations of Africa These tribes fought on the side of the Confederacy during the American Civil War. The Confederate States of America (also called the Confederacy, the Confederate States, and CSA) formed as the government set up from 1861 Causes of the war See also Origins of the American Civil War, Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War The coexistence of a slave-owning South Brigadier General Stand Watie, a Confederate commander of the Cherokee nation, became the last Confederate general to surrender in the American Civil War on 23 June 1865. Stand Watie ( 12 December 1806 &ndash 9 September 1871) (also known as Standhope Oowatie, Degataga "stand
see Oklahoma Civil War Confederate Units
In time, the Indian Territory was gradually reduced to what is now Oklahoma; then, with the organization of Oklahoma Territory in 1890, to just the eastern half of the area. Oklahoma ( is a state located in the South Central region of the United States of America. Oklahoma Territory was an Organized territory of the United States from May 2, 1890 until November 16, 1907, when The citizens of Indian Territory tried, in 1905, to gain admission to the union as the State of Sequoyah, but were rebuffed by Congress and Administration who did not want two new Western states, Sequoyah and Oklahoma. The State of Sequoyah was the proposed name for what proved to be an abortive attempt by Native Americans in the early years of the 20th century to establish a U Citizens then joined to seek admission of a single state to the Union. With Oklahoma statehood in November 1907, Indian Territory was extinguished.
Many Native Americans continue to live in Oklahoma, especially in the eastern part.
Indian country
The terms "Indian country" and "Indian territory" are often used interchangeably, although Indian territory usually has the more specific meaning outlined above — that is, the region in the West where Native Americans were compelled to relocate in the nineteenth century.
Indian country is an expression generally used today to describe (collectively or individually) the many self-governing Native American communities throughout the United States. This usage is reflected in many places, such as in the title of the Native American newspaper Indian Country Today. Indian Country Today is a weekly US Newspaper which describes itself as "The Nations' Leading American Indian News Source
In the United States legal system, Indian country is a technical term that describes a gamut of Native American reservations, Indian communities, and trust lands. [18 U. S. C. 1151(c) and http://tribaljurisdiction.tripod.com/id7.html].
In U.S. military slang, Indian country is any area where troops can expect to encounter armed opposition, a usage that became popular during the Vietnam War. The United States Armed Forces are the overall unified military forces of the United States Slang is the use of highly informal Words and expressions that are not considered standard in the speaker's Dialect or Language. The Vietnam War, also known as the Second Indochina War, or the Vietnam Conflict, occurred in Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia
See also
External links
- Twin Territories: Oklahoma Territory - Indian Territory
- See 1890s photographs of Native Americans in Oklahoma Indian Territory hosted by the Portal to Texas History
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