Citizendia

Indian Navy
Motto: शं नो वरुणः
Transliteration: Sha no Varuna
("May the Lord of the Oceans be auspicious unto us")
Headquarters
New Delhi
History and traditions
History of the Indian Navy
Navy Day: 4th December
Components
Current fleet
Full Indian Navy ship list
Submarines
Naval aircraft
MARCOS (Marine Commandos)
Weapons systems
Personnel
Chief of Naval staff
Officer insignia
Indian Armed Forces
Emblem of India
Emblem
Triservices Crest
Triservices Crest. A motto (from the Italian word motto, meaning witticism sentence is a phrase meant to formally describe the general motivation or intention of a social group Transliteration is the practice of Transcribing a Word or text written in one Writing system into another writing system or system of rules for such practice New Delhi (नई दिल्ली ਨਵੀਂ ਦਿੱਲੀ نئی دلی is the Capital city of India. Early history Many powerful navies of the Maurya, Chola, Vijayanagara, Kalinga, Maratha and Moghul empires ruled Several nations observe or have observed a Navy Day to recognize their Navy. Indian Navy Ships and submarines (Present Present Fleet (156 in Service |-----!colspan=6 bgcolor="#f9f9f9"|Aircraft carrier This is a list of ships of the Indian Navy. It covers both the pre-independence Royal Indian Navy and the post-independence fleet Details of the Submarines of the Indian Navy, the largest Submarine fleet in Asia The Indian Naval Air Arm is an important component of the Indian Navy. MARCOS (also known as Marine Commando Force ') is an elite special operations unit of the Indian Navy. Submarine launched ballistic missile Sagarika Agni-III SLBM (Under development Ballistic Missile The Chief of Naval staff of the Indian Navy (CNS is the highest post in the Indian Navy. The following graphs presents the officer ranks of the Indian navy. Organization and command structure The headquarters of the Indian Armed Forces is in New Delhi, the capital city. The Emblem of India is an adaptation from the Sarnath Lion Capital of Ashoka.
Military Man Power
Total armed forces2,414,700 (Ranked 3rd)
Active troops1,414,000 (Ranked 3rd)
Total troops3,773,300 (Ranked 6th)
Paramilitary forces1,089,700
Components
Indian Army
Indian Air Force
Indian Navy
Indian Coast Guard
Paramilitary forces of India
Strategic Nuclear Command
History
Military history of India
Ranks
Air Force ranks and insignia of India
Army ranks and insignia of India
Naval ranks and insignia of India

The Indian Navy is the naval branch of the armed forces of India. This list of countries by size of armed forces displays national troop levels by active troop strength number of Naval combatants fighter aircraft and Nuclear weapons. This is a list of countries sorted by the total number of active troops where the military manpower of a country is measured by the total amount of active troops within the command This is a list of countries sorted by the number of total troops within the command of that country including reserve forces that can aid a depleted active military and/or paramilitary The Indian Army (Bharatiya Thalsena भारतीय थाल्सेना is one of the armed forces of India and has the responsibility for land-based The Indian Air Force (Devanāgarī भारतीय वायु सेना IAST Bhartiya Vāyu Senā is the air arm of the Armed Forces of India and has the The Indian Coast Guard is the fourth service created to guard Republic of India 's vast Coastline. The Paramilitary forces of India are those agencies of the Ministry of Defence or the Ministry of Home Affairs which act as armed forces auxiliaries and are considered The Nuclear Command Authority (NCA of India is the nodal agency for all command control and operational decisions regarding India's nuclear weapon stockpile India has a long military history dating back several millennia The following graphs presents the officer ranks of the Indian Air Force. The following graphs presents the officer ranks of the Indian army. The following graphs presents the officer ranks of the Indian navy. Organization and command structure The headquarters of the Indian Armed Forces is in New Delhi, the capital city. With 55,000 men and women, including 5,000 naval aviation personnel and 2,000 Marine Commandos (MARCOS), it is the world's fourth largest navy. MARCOS (also known as Marine Commando Force ') is an elite special operations unit of the Indian Navy. [1] The Indian Navy currently operates more than 155 vessels, including the aircraft carrier INS Viraat. History INS Viraat was originally commissioned in the Royal Navy as HMS ''Hermes'' on 18 November 1959. India uses its navy to enhance its international relations through joint exercises, port visits, and humanitarian missions, including disaster relief. The Indian Navy is increasing its capabilities as a true blue-water navy;[2] the Indian Navy's doctrine states that this is for the collective good of nations. The term blue-water navy is a Colloquialism used to describe a maritime force capable of operating across the deep waters of open oceans [3]

Contents

Role

The Indian Navy sees several principal roles for itself:

History

Main article: History of the Indian Navy

India has a maritime history dating back to 5,000 years. Early history Many powerful navies of the Maurya, Chola, Vijayanagara, Kalinga, Maratha and Moghul empires ruled India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country Indian maritime history begins during the 3rd millennium BCE when the inhabitants of the Indus Valley initiate trading with Mesopotamia. [6][7][8][9] The first [10][11] tidal dock is believed to have been built at Lothal around 2300 BCE during the Indus Valley Civilization, near the present day Mangrol harbour on the Gujarat coast. Lothal ( Gujarātī: લોથલ ˈloːtʰəl Eng Mound of the Dead was one of the most prominent cities of the ancient Indus valley civilization. The Indus Valley Civilization (Mature period 2600&ndash1900 BCE abbreviated IVC, was an ancient Civilization that flourished in the Indus River basin WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Mangrol is a city and a Municipality in Junagadh district in the Indian state The Rig Veda written around 1500 BCE, credits Varuna with knowledge of the ocean routes and describes naval expeditions. The Rigveda ( Sanskrit sa ऋग्वेद ṛgveda, a compound of ṛc "praise verse" and veda "knowledge" There is reference to the side wings of a vessel called Plava, which give stability to the ship under storm conditions. A compass, Matsya yantra was used for navigation in the fourth and fifth century AD. [12]

Ancient Lothal as envisaged by the Archaeological Survey of India.
Ancient Lothal as envisaged by the Archaeological Survey of India. Lothal ( Gujarātī: લોથલ ˈloːtʰəl Eng Mound of the Dead was one of the most prominent cities of the ancient Indus valley civilization. The Archaeological Survey of India is an Indian government agency in the Department of Culture that is responsible for archaeological studies and the preservation of

The earliest known reference to an organization devoted to ships in ancient India is to the Mauryan Empire from the 4th century BCE. The Maurya Empire ( 322 – 185 BCE) ruled by the Mauryan dynasty was a geographically extensive and powerful political and military Emperor Chandragupta Maurya's Prime Minister Kautilya's Arthashastra devotes a full chapter on the state department of waterways under navadhyaksha (Sanskrit for Superintendent of ships) [1]. Chandragupta Maurya (चन्द्रगुप्त मौर्य sometimes known simply as Chandragupta (born c Chanakya Sanskrit: चाणक्य Cāṇakya) (c 350-283 BC was an adviser and a Prime minister to the first Maurya Emperor The Arthashastra ( IAST: Arthaśāstra) is a Treatise on statecraft, economic policy and Military strategy which Sanskrit (sa संस्कृता वाक् saṃskṛtā vāk, for short sa संस्कृतम् saṃskṛtam) is a historical Management (covering theory practice and scope of management and Manager' (covering the people who manage might help clarify and systematise The term, nava dvipantaragamanam (Sanskrit for sailing to other lands by ships, i. e. Exploration) appears in this book in addition to appearing in the Buddhist text, Baudhayana Dharmasastra as the interpretation of the term, Samudrasamyanam.

Sea lanes between India and neighboring lands were the usual form of trade for many centuries, and are responsible for the widespread influence of Indian Culture on other societies. Powerful navies included those of the Maurya, Satavahana, Chola, Vijayanagara, Kalinga, Maratha and Moghul empires . The Maurya Empire ( 322 – 185 BCE) ruled by the Mauryan dynasty was a geographically extensive and powerful political and military The Sātavāhanas ( Marathi: सातवाहन Telugu:శాతవాహనులు were a Dynasty which ruled from Junnar ( Vijayanagara (ವಿಜಯನಗರ is in Bellary District, northern Karnataka. Kalinga is a landlocked province of the Philippines in the Cordillera Administrative Region in Luzon. The Marāthās ( Marathi: mr मराठा also Mahrattas) form an Indo Aryan group of Hindu Warriors hailing mostly from the present-day The Mughal Empire ( Persian and self-designation گورکانی; مغلیہ سلطنت) was an Islamic imperial power which ruled most [13] The Cholas excelled in foreign trade and maritime activity, extending their influence overseas to China and Southeast Asia.

During the 17th and 18th centuries, the Maratha and Kerala fleets were expanded, and became the most powerful Naval Forces in the subcontinent, even defeating European Navies at various times (See the Battle of Colachel). The Battle of Colachel (or Battle of Kulachal was a battle that took place on 10 August 1741 ( 31 July OS during the Travancore-Dutch War The fleet review of the Maratha navy took place at the Ratnagiri fort in which the ships Pal and Qalbat participated. The 'Pal' was a three masted fighter with guns peeping on the broadsides. [14] The Maratha Kanhoji Angre and Kunjali Marakkar, the Naval chief of Saamoothiri were two notable naval chiefs of the period. The Marāthās ( Marathi: mr मराठा also Mahrattas) form an Indo Aryan group of Hindu Warriors hailing mostly from the present-day Kanhoji Angre or Conajee Angria or Sarkhel Angre (Sarkhel is a title meaning Admiral of the Fleet(? &ndash June 4, 1729) was the first notable chief of Mohammed Kunjali Marakkar was the Muslim naval chief of the Samoothiri Raja Manavikraman (Samoothiri Saamoothirippādu or Saamoothiri, anglicised Zamorin, is the used by the Nair rulers of the erstwhile state of Kozhikode (anglicised

Colonial Era

Main article: Royal Indian Navy

The British Indian Navy was established by the British while India was a colony. Early history Many powerful navies of the Maurya, Chola, Vijayanagara, Kalinga, Maratha and Moghul empires ruled The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located See Colony and Colonization for examples of colonialism which do not refer to Western colonialism Indian sailors started a rebellion also known as the The Royal Indian Navy mutiny, in 1946 on board ships and shore estabilshments which spread all over India. A total of 78 ships, 20 shore establishments and 20,000 sailors were involved in the rebellion. When India became a republic on 26 January 1950, it became known as the Indian Navy, and its vessels as Indian Naval Ships (INS). A republic is a State or Country that is not led by a hereditary Monarch, but in which the people (or at least a part of its people have impact on its Events 1340 - King Edward III of England is declared King of France. Year 1950 ( MCML) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

Operation Vijay

Main article: Operation Vijay (1961)

The first involvement of the Navy in any conflict came with the success of Operation Vijay in the 1961 liberation of Goa. The Invasion of Goa, also known as the Liberation of Goa or Portuguese-Indian War, codenamed Operation Vijay by the Government of India was the The Invasion of Goa, also known as the Liberation of Goa or Portuguese-Indian War, codenamed Operation Vijay by the Government of India was the After Portuguese troops fired at commercial vessels and fishing boats passing near Anjadip Island, the decision was taken to militarily intervene to liberate Goa from Portuguese colonial holding. Portuguese India (Índia Portuguesa or Estado da Índia) was the aggregate of Portugal 's colonial holdings in India. The Indian ships provided fire support to navy and army landing troops. During the operation, the INS Delhi sank one Portuguese patrol boat. The Portuguese frigate Afonso de Albuquerque was also sunk after a brief fight. [15]

Indo-Pakistan Wars

Main article: Indo-Pakistani wars and conflicts

The Navy has been involved in two wars with Pakistan. Pakistan () officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country located in South Asia, Southwest Asia, Middle East and While its activity in the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 largely involved patrolling of the coast, it played a significant role in the bombing of Karachi harbour in the 1971 war. The Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 was a culmination of Skirmishes that took place between April 1965 and September 1965 between India and Pakistan. (ڪراچي) is the largest city in Pakistan. It is the world's second largest city proper behind Mumbai in terms of population which exceeds 10 million The Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 was a major military conflict between India and Pakistan. The name given to the attack was Operation Trident, which was launched on December 4. Operation Trident and its follow up Operation Python were naval attacks launched on Pakistan 's port city of Karachi by the Indian Navy during Owing to its success, it has been celebrated as Navy Day ever since. The attack was followed by Operation Python before the center of conflict shifted to the eastern India-Pakistan border and the Bay of Bengal. Operation Trident and its follow up Operation Python were naval attacks launched on Pakistan 's port city of Karachi by the Indian Navy during The Bay of Bengal is a bay that forms the northeastern part of the Indian Ocean. To show solidarity with its ally Pakistan, the United States sent a nuclear carrier task force led by the USS Enterprise into the Bay of Bengal. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Design Enterprise was intended to be the first of a class of six but construction costs ballooned and the remaining vessels were never laid down resulting in her A task force led by INS Vikrant was stationed to counter the Enterprise task force; Soviet Navy submarines also trailed the U. History The Indian high commissioner to the United Kingdom, Vijayalakshmi Pandit, commissioned her as INS Vikrant on 4 March 1961 The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 The Soviet Navy ( Russian: Военно-морской флот СССР Voyenno-morskoy flot SSSR, literally "Naval military forces of the USSR" was S. task force. A confrontation was averted when the U. S. task force moved towards South East Asia, away from the Indian Ocean. The Indian Ocean is the third largest of the world's Oceanic divisions covering about 20% of the water on the Earth 's surface [16]

The sinking of the Pakistani Navy's lone long-range submarine PNS Ghazi under unexplained circumstances[17], enabled an easy Indian blockade of East Pakistan. Pakistan Navy ( Urdu: پاک بحریہ) is the naval branch of the Military of Pakistan. For the submarine named Ghazi bought by the Pakistan Navy in 2000 see NRP Cachalote (S165 History See also USS Diablo (SS-479 [18]. The missile boats INS Nirghat and INS Nipat each sank a destroyer; the INS Veer destroyed a minesweeper. The naval aircraft, Sea Hawks and Alizés, operating from the Vikrant were also instrumental in sinking many gunboats and merchant navy vessels. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout A gunboat is literally a Boat carrying one or more Guns The term is rather broad and the usual connotation has changed over the years (sometimes encompassing There was one major casualty, the frigate Khukri (sunk by the PNS Hangor), while the Kirpan was damaged in the western sector of conflict. INS Khukri was a Type 14 ASW Frigate in service of the Indian Navy. PNS Hangor was a Pakistani Daphné class submarine, which during the 1971 Indo-Pakistani War sank the Indian frigate Ultimately, the naval blockade of Karachi Port[19][20] and the complete blockade of East Pakistan's ports were successful in cutting Pakistani troops off from reinforcements, supplies, and evacuation routes. The Port of Karachi ( Urdu: بندر گاہ كراچى) is Pakistan 's largest and busiest seaport, handling East Pakistan ( Bengali: পূর্ব পাকিস্তান Purbo Pakistan, Urdu: مشرقی پاکستان Mashriqi Pakistan) was [21] These actions proved decisive in India's victory in the war. [22][23]

The INS Vikrant took part in the 1971 war and played a crucial role in securing the shores of East Pakistan (present day Bangladesh.)
The INS Vikrant took part in the 1971 war and played a crucial role in securing the shores of East Pakistan (present day Bangladesh. History The Indian high commissioner to the United Kingdom, Vijayalakshmi Pandit, commissioned her as INS Vikrant on 4 March 1961 The Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 was a major military conflict between India and Pakistan. ( Bengali: বাংলাদেশ inc-Latn Bangladesh) officially )
Type of VesselIndian Navy lossesPakistan Navy losses
DestroyersNil2, PNS Khaibar and Shahjahan*(damaged)
Frigates1, INS Khukri**Nil
SubmarinesNil1, PNS Ghazi
MinesweeperNil1, PNS Muhafiz
Navy Aircraft1, (Alize)Nil
Patrol boats and GunboatsNil7 Gunboats and 3 patrol boats
Merchant Navy and othersNil11 (including one US ammunition ship)
Loss on landNilMissile attack on Karachi harbour and oil installations. INS Khukri was a Type 14 ASW Frigate in service of the Indian Navy. For the submarine named Ghazi bought by the Pakistan Navy in 2000 see NRP Cachalote (S165 History See also USS Diablo (SS-479 WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout
*PNS Shahjahan was presumably damaged beyond repair.
**The second frigate INS Kirpan was damaged although it remained in service later on after salvaging it.

Operation Cactus 1988

Main article: Operation Cactus

It was also instrumental in overthrowing the coup attempt by PLOTE mercenaries in Maldives by pouring troops there in 1988. Operation Cactus In November 1988 the People's Liberation Front of Tamil Eelam ( PLOTE) comprising about 200 Tamil secessionists invaded Maldives The People's Liberation Organisation of Tamil Eelam ( PLOTE) is a Militant Tamil nationalism group and currently a minor Political party in The Maldives ( or, or Maldive Islands) officially the Republic of Maldives, is an Island nation consisting of a group of atolls stretching Year 1988 ( MCMLXXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link displays 1988 Gregorian calendar) The campaign led by the Indian Navy was known as Operation Cactus. Operation Cactus In November 1988 the People's Liberation Front of Tamil Eelam ( PLOTE) comprising about 200 Tamil secessionists invaded Maldives In October 1999 the coordinated effort by the Indian Navy and the Indian Coast Guard helped in the seizure of the Japanese ship MV Alondra Rainbow, that was taken by pirates and led to the arrest of the pirates.

Operation Restore Hope

Main article: Operation Restore Hope

The Indian Navy participated in the UN peacekeeping operation Operation Restore Hope, off the coast of Somalia from December 1992 to October 2003. Unified Task Force (UNITAF was a United States led United Nations sanctioned multinational force which operated in the Republic of Somalia from 9 Unified Task Force (UNITAF was a United States led United Nations sanctioned multinational force which operated in the Republic of Somalia from 9 Somalia ( Soomaaliya; الصومال) officially the Somali Republic ( Jamhuuriyadda Soomaaliya, جمهورية الصومال) and formerly known The Indian Navy also played a significant role in the Kargil war, by moving the Eastern and Western fleet into the northern Arabian sea and preventing an escalation of the war. The Kargil War, also known as the Kargil conflict, was an armed conflict between India and Pakistan that took place between May and July The Arabian Sea ( Arabic: بحر العرب transliterated: Baḥr al-'Arab Sanskrit: सिन्धु सागर transliterated: [24] Indian Navy aviators and commandos participated in the Kargil war. [25][26] The Indian Navy also participated in Operation Parakram. Later in 2001, during Operation Enduring Freedom, Indian Navy provided vital support by relieving American ships securing the Strait of Malacca. Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF is the official name used by the U The Strait of Malacca is a narrow 805 km (500 mile stretch of water between Peninsular Malaysia (West Malaysia) and the Indonesian island of Sumatra [27]

Disaster relief

The Indian Navy is well known to provide emergency relief to the marooned due to natural cause or conflicts in and around the Indian Ocean. The Indian Ocean is the third largest of the world's Oceanic divisions covering about 20% of the water on the Earth 's surface

2004 Indian Ocean earthquake

Main article: 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake

During the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake crisis, the Indian Navy deployed 27 ships, 19 helicopters, 6 naval aircraft and over 5000 Naval personnel in disaster relief operations. The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake was an undersea Earthquake that occurred at 005853 UTC on December 26 2004 with an Epicentre off the west coast of The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake was an undersea Earthquake that occurred at 005853 UTC on December 26 2004 with an Epicentre off the west coast of [28] They included "Operation Madath" in the Indian states of Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu, "Operation Sea Waves" in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, "Operation Castor" in Maldives, "Operation Rainbow" in Sri Lanka and "Operation Gambhir" in Indonesia. Tamil Nadu ( Tamil:, Country of the Tamils, t̪ɐmɨɻ n̪aːɽɯ is one of the 28 states of India. The Andaman & Nicobar Islands is a Union territory of India. Informally the territory's name is often abbreviated to A & N Islands, or ANI The Maldives ( or, or Maldive Islands) officially the Republic of Maldives, is an Island nation consisting of a group of atolls stretching Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka ( Sinhalese:, இலங்கை known as Ceylon before 1972 is an Island The Republic of Indonesia ( (Republik Indonesia is a Country in Southeast Asia. [29] This was one of the largest relief mobilizations that the Indian Navy had undertaken. Indian Naval groups were able to start large scale rescue operations in neighboring countries within 12 hours from the time of the tsunami, and was the first foreign navy to reach the affected areas. [30] After the 2006 earthquake, "Operation Rahat-II" was launched and INS Rajput which was on a routine deployment in the area, was immediately diverted towards Java to provide medical aid and relief supplies. This was followed by a relief mission by INS Tabar.

The quick deployment of forces during relief operations was a testing ground for the Navy's amphibious capabilities, as well as its Force projection capabilities, something that was not lost on military observers. Deficiencies in the response led to modernization of these forces after the Tsunami, including the acquisition of Landing Platform Docks (LPD) like the INS Jalashwa (Formerly the USS Trenton), as well smaller amphibious vessels. An amphibious transport dock (also called a landing platform dock or LPD) is an Amphibious warfare ship, a warship that embarks transports and lands elements Three ships of the United States Navy have been named USS Trenton, after the city of Trenton New Jersey, site of the Battle of Trenton in the

Operation Sukoon

Main article: Operation Sukoon

During the 2006 Israel-Lebanon conflict, the Indian Navy played an important role in providing assistance in the evacuation of 2,280 persons including Indian, four hundred and thirty six Sri Lankan, 69 Nepali and 7 Lebanese citizens from war-torn Lebanon. Operation Sukoon was launched by India to evacuate its nationals and that of Sri Lanka, Nepal who were fleeing from the Israeli–Lebanese conflict Background See also Israel-Lebanon conflict The Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO had engaged in cross-border attacks from Southern Lebanon Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka ( Sinhalese:, இலங்கை known as Ceylon before 1972 is an Island Nepal (नेपाल) is a Landlocked country in South Asia. Lebanon (ˈlɛbənɒn Arabic: ar لبنان Lubnān) officially the Republic of Lebanon or Lebanese Republic (ar الجمهورية اللبنانية This operation was named Operation Sukoon, meaning Peace and tranquility. Operation Sukoon was launched by India to evacuate its nationals and that of Sri Lanka, Nepal who were fleeing from the Israeli–Lebanese conflict [31][32] In the year 2006, ten Naval doctors, served for 102 days on the USNS Mercy and conducted 10 medical camps in the Philippines, Bangladesh, Indonesia and East Timor. Deployments On 27 February 1987, Mercy began training while enroute on a humanitarian cruise to the Philippines and the South Pacific [33] Indian Navy provided relief materials to survivors of cyclones in Bangladesh. [34] and in Myanmar. [35]

Personnel

Commissioning ceremony of INS Jalashwa.
Commissioning ceremony of INS Jalashwa.

Each of the three Naval Commands has an active Flag Officer Commanding in Chief. The commander of the Navy is the Chief of Naval staff (CNS). The Chief of Naval staff of the Indian Navy (CNS is the highest post in the Indian Navy. As of 31 October 2006, the CNS is Admiral Sureesh Mehta. Admiral is the rank, or part of the name of the ranks of the highest Naval officers The CNS is assisted by several other high ranking officers. Below is the list of various ranks of officers within the Indian Navy in descending order:

While the provision for the rank of Admiral of the Fleet exists, no officer of the Indian Navy has yet been conferred an equivalent rank. An Admiral of the Fleet or Fleet Admiral is a military Naval officer of the highest rank Admiral is the rank, or part of the name of the ranks of the highest Naval officers Vice Admiral is a naval rank equivalent to Lieutenant General in seniority Rear admiral is a Naval Commissioned officer rank above that of a Commodore and Captain, and below that of a Vice Admiral. Commodore is a Military rank used in many navies for officers whose position exceeds that of a navy captain, but is less than Commander is a Military rank which is also sometimes used as a military title depending on the individual customs of a given military service Lieutenant Commander ( Lieutenant-Commander in the Royal Navy) is a Commissioned officer rank in many navies Superior Lieutenant (abbreviated Lt or Lieut) is a Military, Naval, Paramilitary, Fire service, Emergency medical services Sub-Lieutenant is a military rank It is normally a junior officer rank An Admiral of the Fleet or Fleet Admiral is a military Naval officer of the highest rank Both the Army and Air Force have had Field Marshals (Sam Manekshaw and Cariappa) and Marshal of the Indian Air Force (MIAF) (Arjan Singh) appointed. The Indian Army (Bharatiya Thalsena भारतीय थाल्सेना is one of the armed forces of India and has the responsibility for land-based The Indian Air Force (Devanāgarī भारतीय वायु सेना IAST Bhartiya Vāyu Senā is the air arm of the Armed Forces of India and has the Field Marshal is the highest possible rank in the military of India. Field Marshal Sam Hormusji Framji "Sam Bahadur" Jamshedji Manekshaw MC (April 3 1914 &ndash June 27 2008 was an Indian Army officer Field Marshal Kodandera "Kipper" Madappa Cariappa ( Kodava Kannada: ಕೊದಂಡೇರ ಮಾದಪ್ಪ ಕರಿಯಪ್ಪ) Marshal of the Air Force may be used as a generic term for a rank in some Air forces which use a similar title with their air force's name inserted as their most senior rank Marshal of the Air Force Arjan Singh, DFC (15 April 1919- is the only officer of the Indian Air Force to be promoted to Five star rank

Organization

The Indian Navy is divided into the following broad categories:

The Indian Navy is organized into three regional commands:

Another command, a joint Navy, Army and Air force command was set up in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands in 2001 as a strategic area of defence. Visakhapatnam ( Telugu: విశాఖపట్టణం (also Visakhapattanamu, shortened and anglicized Visakha/Vizag or Vizagapatnam is a coastal port Mumbai ( Marathi:,, IPA: formerly Bombay, is the capital of the Indian state of Maharashtra and the financial The Indian Army (Bharatiya Thalsena भारतीय थाल्सेना is one of the armed forces of India and has the responsibility for land-based The Indian Air Force (Devanāgarī भारतीय वायु सेना IAST Bhartiya Vāyu Senā is the air arm of the Armed Forces of India and has the The Andaman & Nicobar Islands is a Union territory of India. Informally the territory's name is often abbreviated to A & N Islands, or ANI Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. [36] The joint command is entrusted with security of the Malacca straits and the Indian Navy plays a major role in it by patrolling the area with the Indonesian Navy, Royal Malaysian Navy and Royal Thai Navy. The Strait of Malacca is a narrow 805 km (500 mile stretch of water between Peninsular Malaysia (West Malaysia) and the Indonesian island of Sumatra The Indonesian Navy (Indonesian Tentara Nasional Indonesia Angkatan Laut, TNI-AL) is the territorial force responsible for the patrol of Indonesia 's immense The Royal Malaysian Navy (RMN (Malay Tentera Laut DiRaja Malaysia (TLDM is the naval arm of Malaysia 's armed forces The Royal Thai Navy (กองทัพเรือ is the navy of Thailand and was established in the late 1800s [37] India and Australia signed an agreement to provide maritime security in the Asia Pacific region. [38]

In 2005 the Navy received a huge boost when INS Kadamba was commissioned at Karwar, 100 km from Goa. Project Seabird is a project by the Indian Navy to develop a Blue water navy and to acquire Strategic depth. WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Karwar ( Kannada: '''ಕಾರವಾರ''' Konkani / Marathi - कर्वार The kilometre ( American spelling: kilometer) symbol km is a unit of Length in the Metric system, equal to one thousand Goa ( Konkani: गोंय /ɡɔ̃j/ is India 's smallest state in terms of area and the fourth smallest in terms of population. This is the third operational naval base after Mumbai and Vishakapatnam and the first to be controlled exclusively by the Navy. The other bases share port facilities with civilian shipping, but this one is for purely military purposes. Built under Phase I of the multi-billion dollar 'Project Seabird', it has been described by naval pundits as the largest such base in the region, and will add strategic depth to the Navy. Project Seabird is a project by the Indian Navy to develop a Blue water navy and to acquire Strategic depth. [39] Another base is being planned for the eastern shores, near Vishakapatnam at a cost of US$ 350 million. [40] The base, which will be located fifty km south of Vishakapatnam in Rambilli Mandal, will have comprehensive anti-aircraft, anti-submarine and amphibious capability. [41] The Indian Navy is setting up a monitoring station in Madagascar,[42][43] to patrol the coast of Mozambique to monitor and prevent terrorist activities and piracy. Madagascar, or Republic of Madagascar (older name Malagasy Republic) is an Island nation in the Indian Ocean off the southeastern Mozambique, officially the Republic of Mozambique (Moçambique or República de Moçambique, ʁɛ'publikɐ d musɐ̃'bik is a country in southeastern Africa [44]

Marine Commando Force

The Marine Commando Force (MCF) known as MARCOS is a special forces unit that was raised by the Indian Navy in 1987. MARCOS (also known as Marine Commando Force ') is an elite special operations unit of the Indian Navy. Year 1987 ( MCMLXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link displays 1987 Gregorian calendar) Modeled after the US Navy SEALs and the Royal Marines it was created to handle reconnaissance, raids and counter-terrorism in a maritime environment. The Royal Marines ( RM) are the marine corps and amphibious Infantry of the United Kingdom and along with the Royal Navy The MARCOS played a key role in defeating a coup attempt by PLOTE mercenaries as part of Operation Cactus in Maldives by retaking the ship and rescuing the hostages among whom was the Maldives Minister for education. Operation Cactus In November 1988 the People's Liberation Front of Tamil Eelam ( PLOTE) comprising about 200 Tamil secessionists invaded Maldives At present the MARCOS is deployed in Jammu and Kashmir to prevent infiltration through the Jhelum and Wular Lake and also provides protection to people and tourists in and around Dal Lake, a popular tourist spot. ( Dogri: जम्मू और कश्मीर Urdu: جموں و کشمیر is the northernmost state of India. "Hydaspes" redirects here For the historic battle see Battle of the Hydaspes. Wular Lake (also spelt Wullar) is one of the largest Fresh water lakes in Asia. The Dal Lake is a famous lake in Srinagar, the summer capital of the northern most indian administered state of Jammu & Kashmir. [45]

Ships and weapon systems

Aircraft carrier INS Viraat with Sea Harriers.
Aircraft carrier INS Viraat with Sea Harriers. History INS Viraat was originally commissioned in the Royal Navy as HMS ''Hermes'' on 18 November 1959. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout
The destroyer INS Mysore.
The destroyer INS Mysore.

Ships

Main article: Ships of the Indian Navy

The names of all the commissioned ships (and Naval Bases) of the Indian Navy start with INS, meaning 'Indian Naval Ship'. Indian Navy Ships and submarines (Present Present Fleet (156 in Service |-----!colspan=6 bgcolor="#f9f9f9"|Aircraft carrier The fleet of the Indian Navy is a mix of indigenously built and foreign vessels and is expanding with new inductions. India often builds destroyers, frigates and corvettes indigenously. The Navy currently operates the Delhi and Rajput class destroyers. Ships Ships External sources Bharat-Rakshakcom The frigates in the service include the latest Talwar class, Godavari class, Nilgiri class and Brahmaputra class. History On 17 November 1997, Russia and India signed a $1 billion contract for three Krivak III class multi-purpose frigates Upgrades INS Ganga and INS Gomati have been refitted with the Israeli Barak SAM system and new fire control system provided by EL/M-2221 STGR History Leander Class frigates served as the mainstay & workhorse of the Indian Navy and they currently form the 14th Frigate Squadron Ships The Indian Navy is acquiring from abroad the Kiev class aircraft carrier Admiral Gorshkov (INS Vikramaditya), improved Talwar class frigates, and the Scorpène class submarines. Differences from other Kiev class carriers The fourth of the Project 1143 aircraft carrying cruisers Baku had many differences to the rest of the class trialing technologies Purchase On January 20, 2004, after years of negotiations Russia and India signed a deal for the sale of the ship the then- ''Admiral The carrier INS Viraat will be retired by the end of 2012 after the induction of the first indigenously-built Vikrant class aircraft carrier. History INS Viraat was originally commissioned in the Royal Navy as HMS ''Hermes'' on 18 November 1959. Status Laying of keel for India’s first Indigenous Aircraft Carrier (IAC originally named Air Defence Ship (ADS will take place at the Cochin Shipyard in December

In 2006, India purchased the 16,900 tonne USS Trenton, an Austin-class amphibious transport dock, for 48. History as the Trenton Building process Her keel was laid down at Seattle Washington, on 8 August 1966 by the Lockheed 44 Million USD. The ship was renamed INS Jalashwa and commissioned on June 22, 2007 at Norfolk, Virginia. Events 217 BC - Battle of Raphia: Ptolemy IV of Egypt defeats Antiochus III the Great of the Seleucid kingdom. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Six H-3 Sea King maritime utility transport helicopters were also purchased and will operate from the ship which arrived at the Eastern Command's Vishakhapatnam Naval base in September, 2007 and was promptly inducted into the Indian Navy. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout

INS Dunagiri, INS Magar and INS Trishul were involved in accidents at sea. Accidents In December 2005 INS Trishul collided with a commercial ship Ambuja Laxmi outside the Mumbai harbour One corvette, INS Prahar, was sunk after colliding with a merchant vessel. [46]

Submarines and AUVs

Main article: Submarines of the Indian Navy

The Indian Navy currently maintains a fleet of 16 diesel powered submarines. Details of the Submarines of the Indian Navy, the largest Submarine fleet in Asia These are primarily of Russian and German origin. India signed a deal for six Scorpène submarines with MESMA air-independent propulsion, and construction has begun. Scorpène characteristics The Scorpène class of ships has three subtypes: the Basic Basic-AIP (with the MESMA Air-independent propulsion) and Compact Air-independent propulsion (AIP is a term that encompasses technologies which allow a submarine to operate without the need to surface or use a snorkel to access atmospheric These submarines will join the Indian Navy from 2010-11 onwards. [47] The Indian Navy may arm its Kilo class submarine fleet with the BrahMos cruise missiles after successfully completing test launches from the submarine. [48] India will issue request for proposals for another six submarines in financial year 2008-09. [49]

Nuclear powered submarines

In January 1988 India leased for three years an ex-Soviet Charlie class nuclear powered guided missile submarine with eight Ametist (SS-N-7 Starbright) anti-shipping missile launchers. Ships 12 Project 670 (Charlie I submarines were built between 1968 and 1973 K-43 was leased to the Indian Navy as the Chakra from 1988 to The P-70 Ametist (П-70 «Аметист» Amethyst) is a Soviet Submarine -launched Missile designed to destroy U In the Indian Navy, the ship was christened INS Chakra, and the submarine was manned by an Indian crew. Ships 12 Project 670 (Charlie I submarines were built between 1968 and 1973 K-43 was leased to the Indian Navy as the Chakra from 1988 to Upon expiration of the ship leasing term in 1991, the submarine was returned to Russia and joined the Pacific Fleet of the Russian Navy.

India has been working since 1985 to develop an indigenously constructed nuclear-powered submarine, one that is based on the Soviet Charlie II-class design, detailed drawings of which are said to have been obtained from the Soviet Union in 1989. The secretive Advanced Technology Vessel (ATV) project to provide nuclear propulsion for Indian submarines has been one of the country's ill-managed projects. Details The ATV is an SSBN and will be armed with the ballistic missiles like the Sagarika missile or the submarine variant of the 5000 km range The nuclear reactor is reported to have been fitted into the submarine's hull. The Prototype Testing Centre (PTC) at the (Indira Gandhi Centre For Atomic Research, Kalpakkam, will be used to test the submarine's turbines and propellers. The Reactor Research Centre set up at Kalpakkam, India, 80 km south of Chennai in 1971 under the Department of Atomic Energy (DAE was renamed Indira WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Kalpakkam is a small town in Tamil Nadu, India, situated on the Coromandel Coast A similar facility is operational at Vishakapatnam to test the main turbines and gear box. Visakhapatnam ( Telugu: విశాఖపట్టణం (also Visakhapattanamu, shortened and anglicized Visakha/Vizag or Vizagapatnam is a coastal port

INS Sindhurakshak (S63), Kilo class submarine.
INS Sindhurakshak (S63), Kilo class submarine. The INS Sindhurakshak is an ex- Russian Kilo class naval Submarine which India bought in 1997 and was delivered in 1998

India plans to have as many as five nuclear submarines capable of carrying missiles with nuclear warheads. The Indian nuclear powered attack submarine design is said to have a 6,000-ton displacement and a single-shaft nuclear power plant of Indian origin. Once the vessel is completed, it may be equipped with Sagarika/Agni-III ballistic missiles and advanced Indian made sonar systems. Sagarika ( Sanskrit: सागरिका, Sāgarikā "Oceanic") is a nuclear capable submarine-launched Ballistic See also Agni missile system --> The Agni missile ( Sanskrit: अग्नि Sonar (which started as an Acronym for sound navigation and ranging) is a technique that uses Sound propagation (usually underwater to navigate According to defense sources, the ATV program is scheduled to be launched in 2009 and to be commissioned in 2010. The other four will be delivered sometime between 2010 to 2025. Each unit will cost one billion U. S. dollars. [50]

Autonomous underwater vehicles

The National Institute of Oceanography has developed the Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (Underwater Robot) that has applications in the field of Oceanographic research. An autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV is a Robot which travels underwater Also an Autonomous Surface Vehicle (ASV) has been developed. [51]

Aircraft

Main article: Indian Naval Air Arm
Mig-29KUB
Mig-29KUB

The naval air-arm is an important component of the Indian Navy. The Indian Naval Air Arm is an important component of the Indian Navy. The Indian Navy air arm consists of Sea Harrier jets that operate from the aircraft carrier INS Viraat and also from INS Jalashwa. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout A jet aircraft is an Aircraft propelled by Jet engines Jet aircraft fly much faster than Propeller -powered aircraft and at higher altitudes -- as high as An aircraft carrier is a Warship designed with History INS Viraat was originally commissioned in the Royal Navy as HMS ''Hermes'' on 18 November 1959. Recently, the Harriers were modernized for Beyond Visual Range missile capability. A Beyond Visual Range Missile usually refers to an Air-to-air missile that is capable of engaging at ranges beyond 20 Nautical The Kamov-31 provide the Airborne Early Warning cover for the fleet. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout In the anti-submarine role the Sea King, Ka-28 and the indigenously-built HAL Dhruv are used. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The MARCOS use Sea King and HAL Dhruv helicopters while conducting operations. MARCOS (also known as Marine Commando Force ') is an elite special operations unit of the Indian Navy. Reconnaissance operations are carried out by Tupolev 142, Ilyushin 38, Dornier Do 228 aircraft, as well as HAL Chetak helicopters. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The UAV arm consists of around 30 UAVs like Heron and Searcher-IIs that are operated from ships and shore for better surveillance. An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV is an unpiloted Aircraft. UAVs can be remote controlled or fly autonomously based on pre-programmed flight plans or more complex dynamic The Heron or Machatz-1 is an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle developed by the Malat (UAV division of Israel Aircraft Industries. The Indian Navy also maintains a four aircraft aerobatic display team, the Sagar Pawan. Sagar Pawan ( Sanskrit: सागर पवन - sea breeze) is the aerobatic demonstration team of the Indian Navy 's Aviation Arm The Sagar Pawan team will be replacing their present Kiran HJT-16 aircraft with the newly developed HJT-36 aircraft. The HAL HJT-16 Kiran ( Ray of Light in English is an Indian two-seat basic jet trainer built by Hindustan Aeronautics. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout [52]

The Indian Air Force also has a maritime strike role, providing support to the Indian Navy. The Indian Air Force (Devanāgarī भारतीय वायु सेना IAST Bhartiya Vāyu Senā is the air arm of the Armed Forces of India and has the It operates SEPECAT Jaguar[53][54] and Sukhoi Su-30MKI[55] Aircraft in this role. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout Sukhoi ( Сухой) is a major Russian manufacturer famous for its fighters WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The Jaguars are armed with the Sea Eagle missile. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The BAe Sea Eagle is a medium Weight, ' fire-and-forget ' Sea-skimming Anti-ship missile designed and built by BAe Dynamics (now Su-30MKI and the Il-38 will be armed with the air-launched version of the Brahmos cruise missile. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout There have also been reports of the IAF going in for Harpoon or Exocet missiles to arm the aircraft. The Harpoon is an all-weather over-the-horizon, Anti-ship missile system developed and manufactured by McDonnell Douglas (now Boeing Integrated The Exocet is a French -built Anti-ship missile whose various versions can be launched from surface vessels submarines and airplanes [56].

Weapon systems

Main article: Weapon systems of the Indian Navy
The Brahmos Supersonic Cruise Missile.
The Brahmos Supersonic Cruise Missile. Submarine launched ballistic missile Sagarika Agni-III SLBM (Under development Ballistic Missile

The Indian Navy uses modern technology and weapon systems, some of which are indigenously developed. Others, like the BrahMos supersonic cruise missiles, are jointly developed with Russia. Some major strides in defense research. There are reports on the joint development by India and Israel of the Barak-II missile system, an improved, longer range version of the Barak-I air defence missile which is operational on Indian Navy ships. [57] The Barak-I is used on most of the main ships of the Indian Navy.

India has a number of foreign made cruise missile systems, including the Klub SS-N-27. A cruise missile is a guided Missile that carries an explosive payload and uses a lifting wing and a propulsion system usually a Jet engine, to allow In cooking Coumpa is a potato Dumpling made with shredded potatoes and barley flour The Russian 3M-54 Klub is a multi-role missile system developed by the Novator Design Bureau( OKB-8) It also has the indigenous Nirbhay cruise missile systems under development. Nirbhay ( Sanskrit: निर्भय Nirbhy "Dauntless/Fearless") is a long range Subsonic Cruise missile being The Sagarika (Oceanic) submarine launched ballistic missile (SLBM), which has a range of at least 700 km (some sources claim 1000 km) forms part of India's nuclear triad. Sagarika ( Sanskrit: सागरिका, Sāgarikā "Oceanic") is a nuclear capable submarine-launched Ballistic Another successful program has been the adaptation of the Yakhont anti-ship missile system into the BrahMos by the NPO and the DRDO. The BrahMos has been tailored to Indian needs and uses a large proportion of Indian-designed components and technology, including its fire control systems, transporter erector launchers, and its onboard navigational attack systems. The successful test of Brahmos from INS Rajput (D51) provides Indian Navy with precision land attack capability. [58]

Electronic warfare and systems management

Destroyer INS Ranjit (D53).
Destroyer INS Ranjit (D53).

Sangraha is a joint electronic warfare program of the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and the Indian Navy. Electronic warfare ( EW) is the use of the Electromagnetic spectrum to effectively deny the use of this medium by an adversary while optimizing its use by friendly The Defence Research and Development Organisation ( DRDO) ( Hindi: रक्षा अनुसंधान एवं विकास संघठन, The system comprises a family of electronic warfare suites, such as Ajanta and Ellora, for use on different naval platforms capable of intercepting, detecting, and classifying pulsed, carrier wave, pulse repetition frequency agile, frequency agile and chirp radars. In Telecommunications, a carrier wave, or carrier is a Waveform (usually Sinusoidal) that is modulated (modified with an input signal Pulse Repetition Frequency (PRF is the number of pulses transmitted per second by a Radar. A chirp is a signal in which the Frequency increases ('up-chirp' or decreases ('down-chirp' with time Radar is a system that uses electromagnetic waves to identify the range altitude direction or speed of both moving and fixed objects such as Aircraft, ships The systems employ a modular approach facilitating deployment on various platforms like helicopters, vehicles, and small ships. Certain specific platforms apart from ESM (electronic support measures) also have ECM (electronic countermeasure) capabilities. In military Telecommunications the terms Electronic Support (ES or Electronic Support Measures (ESM describe the division of Electronic warfare involving Electronic Countermeasures ( ECM') are a subsection of Electronic warfare which includes any sort of electrical or electronic device designed to trick Advanced technologies like multiple-beam phased array jammers are employed in the system for simultaneous handling of multiple threats. [59] The Indian Navy also relies on information technology to face the challenges of the 21st century. The Indian Navy is implementing a new strategy to move from a platform centric force to a network-centric force by linking all shore-based installations and ships via high-speed data networks and satellites. [60][61] This will help in increased operational awareness. The network is referred to as the Navy Enterprise Wide Network (NEWN). The Indian Navy has also provided training to all its personnel in Information Technology (IT) at the Naval Institute of Computer Applications (NICA) located in Mumbai. Information technology is also used to provide better training, like the usage of simulators and for better management of the force. [62]

Sea based nuclear deterrence

The Indian Navy's nuclear deterrence capability is based on Sukanya class ships armed with the Dhanush ballistic missiles that has a range of 350 km. History The Sukanya class ships are capable of carrying ballistic missiles This will continue until the commissioning of the indigenously developed Advanced Technology Vessel into the navy by 2010. Details The ATV is an SSBN and will be armed with the ballistic missiles like the Sagarika missile or the submarine variant of the 5000 km range This nuclear submarine will be armed with the Sagarika missile and later with the Agni-III missile. Sagarika ( Sanskrit: सागरिका, Sāgarikā "Oceanic") is a nuclear capable submarine-launched Ballistic See also Agni missile system --> The Agni missile ( Sanskrit: अग्नि

Fleet reviews

The President of India is entitled to inspect his fleet, as he is the supreme commander of the Indian Armed Forces. Organization and command structure The headquarters of the Indian Armed Forces is in New Delhi, the capital city. The first President's fleet review by India was hosted by Dr. Rajendra Prasad on October 10, 1953. Dr Rajendra Prasad (डा॰ राजेन्द्र प्रसाद ( December 3, 1884 &ndash February 28, 1963) was the Events 680 - Battle of Karbala: Shia Imam Husayn bin Ali, the grandson of the Prophet Muhammad, is decapitated Year 1953 ( MCMLIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. President's reviews usually take place once in the President's term. Nine fleet reviews have taken place, the most recent being in February 2006, when President Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam took the review. Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam (அவுல் பகீர் ஜைனுலாப்தீன் அப்துல் கலாம் born October 15 1931 Tamil Nadu [63] The Indian Navy also conducted an International fleet review named Bridges of Friendship in February 2001 in Mumbai. Many ships of friendly Navies from all around the world participated, including two from the USA. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the [64][65] Once in two years world navies meet at the Andaman and Nicobar Islands and the event is named as MILAN (Get together). [66]

Major exercises and Naval cooperation

Naval ships from five nations in formation during Malabar 07-02.
Naval ships from five nations in formation during Malabar 07-02.

The Indian Navy conducts naval exercises with friendly navies strengthening bilateral relationships with other navies and nations. Some such exercises take place annually like the Exercise VARUNA with the French Navy, KONKAN with the British Royal Navy, INDRA with Russian Navy, MALABAR with the U.S. Navy, SIMBEX with Republic of Singapore Navy. The Varuna naval exercises are annual naval cooperation drills between the French Navy and the Indian Navy. The French Navy, officially the Marine nationale ( National Navy) and often called La Royale ( The Royal Navy) is the maritime arm The Royal Navy of the United Kingdom is the oldest of the British armed services (and is therefore known as the Senior Service) INDRA INDIA and RUSSIAN Naval Exercise INDRA is bi-annual Naval exercise between India and Russia. The Russian Navy or VMF ( Russian: Военно-Морской Флот (ВМФ России- Voyenno-Morskoy Flot Rossii (VMF or literally Military Maritime The Indian Navy also conducted exercise with the Chinese PLAN in 2003 and with various other navies. India conducted TROPEX (Theatre-level Readiness Operational Exercises) 2007 in which, the new doctrine of influencing the land and air battle in support of Indian Army and the Indian Air Force was validated. The Indian Army (Bharatiya Thalsena भारतीय थाल्सेना is one of the armed forces of India and has the responsibility for land-based The Indian Air Force (Devanāgarī भारतीय वायु सेना IAST Bhartiya Vāyu Senā is the air arm of the Armed Forces of India and has the [67] Indian Navy conducted naval exercise with JMSDF and U.S Navy in the Pacific and also exercised with Chinese Navy. The, or JMSDF, is the maritime branch of the Japan Self-Defense Forces, tasked with the naval defense of Japan. [68] Also conducted exercise with the Russian Navy and visited, Singapore, Vietnam[69] Philippines and New Zealand. [70] India and South Korea decided to conduct annual naval exercise. [71] Similar exercises will be held with the Royal Australian Navy. The Royal Australian Navy ( RAN) is the naval branch of the Australian Defence Force. Indian Navy will conduct exercises with the navies of Kuwait, Oman, Bahrain and Saudi Arabia. The State of Kuwait ( دولة الكويت IPA [dawlatt̪ alkuwajt̪]) is a sovereign Arab Emirate on the coast of the Persian Gulf, enclosed Oman, officially the Sultanate of Oman ( Arabic: سلطنة عُمان) is an Arab Country in Southwest Asia on the southeast The Kingdom of Bahrain (in مملكة البحرين,, literally Kingdom of the Two Seas) is an Island country in the Persian Gulf The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, KSA ( المملكة العربية السعودية, al-Mamlaka al-ʻArabiyya as-Suʻūdiyya) or Suudi [72] India had conducted 6-day five nation Malabar 07-2 naval exercise involving the navies of United States, Australia, Singapore and Japan, beginning 5th Sep 2007 in the Bay of Bengal. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. Singapore For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. The Bay of Bengal is a bay that forms the northeastern part of the Indian Ocean. The exercise involved at least 30 warships including the aircraft carriers, USS Nimitz, USS Kitty Hawk, INS Viraat and a nuclear submarine, USS Chicago. Ship's history The USS Nimitz was first deployed to the Mediterranean in 1976 in company with the nuclear powered Cruisers USS ''South Carolina'' Two ships of the United States Navy have been named USS Kitty Hawk: was a cargo ship and aircraft transport that served during World War II is the History INS Viraat was originally commissioned in the Royal Navy as HMS ''Hermes'' on 18 November 1959. Four United States Navy ships have been named Chicago, after the city of Chicago, Illinois. [73] A joint naval exercise involving India, South Africa and Brazil was held in May 2008. [74] Naval exercises are planned with Germany[75] and countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC). Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. [76]

The Indian naval ships made port calls in Israel, Turkey, Egypt, Libya, Greece, Oman, Thailand, Indonesia, Australia, New Zealand, Tonga, South Africa,[77]Kenya,[78] Qatar, Oman, UAE, Bahrain, Kuwait[79] and other countries in 2005-2007. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Israel topics. Turkey (Türkiye known officially as the Republic of Turkey ( is a Eurasian Country that stretches This article is about the country of Egypt For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Egypt topics. Libya ( ليبيا ar-Latn Lībiyā; Libyan vernacular: Lībya; Amazigh:) officially the Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Greece (Ελλάδα transliterated: Elláda, historically, Ellás,) officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία Oman, officially the Sultanate of Oman ( Arabic: سلطنة عُمان) is an Arab Country in Southwest Asia on the southeast The Kingdom of Thailand (ˈtaɪlænd ราชอาณาจักรไทย, râːtɕʰa-ʔaːnaːtɕɑ̀k-tʰɑj For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. New Zealand is an Island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses (the North Island and the South Island The Kingdom of Tonga is an Archipelago in the south Pacific Ocean comprising 169 islands 36 of them inhabited stretching over a distance of about 800 kilometres (500 miles The Republic of South Africa (also known by other official names) is a country located at the southern tip of the continent of Africa The Republic of Kenya is a country in East Africa. It is bordered by Ethiopia to the north Somalia to the northeast Tanzania to the south Qatar ( قطر; ˈqɑtˁɑr local pronunciation giṭar officially the State of Qatar (Arabic دولة قطر transliterated Oman, officially the Sultanate of Oman ( Arabic: سلطنة عُمان) is an Arab Country in Southwest Asia on the southeast The Kingdom of Bahrain (in مملكة البحرين,, literally Kingdom of the Two Seas) is an Island country in the Persian Gulf The State of Kuwait ( دولة الكويت IPA [dawlatt̪ alkuwajt̪]) is a sovereign Arab Emirate on the coast of the Persian Gulf, enclosed The Indian Navy is increasingly used in international diplomacy. [80]

India held the first Indian Ocean Naval Symposium (IONS)[81] for the littoral nations of the Indian ocean with the objective of providing a forum, for all the littoral nations of the Indian ocean to cooperate on mutually agreed areas for better security in the region. [82]

Exploration

INS Tarangini is the only sail training ship in the Indian Navy and is an icon of India's rich maritime history.
INS Tarangini is the only sail training ship in the Indian Navy and is an icon of India's rich maritime history.

The Indian Navy regularly conducts adventure expeditions. A sail is any type of surface intended to generate Thrust by being placed in a Wind &mdashin essence a vertically-oriented Wing. Indian maritime history begins during the 3rd millennium BCE when the inhabitants of the Indus Valley initiate trading with Mesopotamia. The sailing ship and training vessel INS Tarangini began circumnavigating the world on 23 January 2003, intending to foster good relations with various other nations; she returned to India in May of the following year after visiting 36 ports in 18 nations. Sailing ship is now used to refer to any large Wind -powered Vessel. Gallery See also Ships of the Indian Navy Events 393 - Roman Emperor Theodosius I proclaims his nine year old son Honorius co-emperor Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. [83] INS Tarangini returned to port, after a ten month long overseas voyage named Lokayan 07. [84] A solo circumnavigation voyage named 'Sagar Parikrama' is planned for 2008-09 by Cdr. Dilip Donde.

Lt. Cdr. M. S. Kohli led the Indian Navy’s first successful expedition to Mount Everest in 1965; the Navy’s ensign was again flown atop Everest on 19 May 2004 by a similar expedition. Mount Everest, also called Sagarmatha (सगरमाथा meaning Head of the Sky) or Chomolungma, Qomolangma or Zhumulangma (in Events 1535 - French explorer Jacques Cartier sets sail on his second voyage to North America with three ships 110 men and "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Another Navy team also successfully scaled Everest from the north face, the technically more challenging route. [85] The expedition was led by Cdr Satyabrata Dam, belonging to the elite submarine arm. Cdr. Dam is a mountaineer of international repute and has climbed many mountains including the Patagonias, the Alps among others. This team's record is unmatched by any other navy. The Navy was also the first to send a submariner to summit Everest. [86]

An Indian Navy team comprising 11 members successfully completed an expedition to the Arctic pole. To prepare, they first traveled to Iceland, where they attempted to summit a peak. Iceland, officially the Republic of Iceland ( ( Ísland or Lýðveldið Ísland ( [87] The team next flew to eastern Greenland; in the Kulsuk and Angmassalik areas, they used Inuit boats to navigate the region’s ice-choked fjords. Greenland (Kalaallit Nunaat meaning "Land of the Greenlanders" Grønland is a self-governing Danish Province located between the Inuit (plural the singular Inuk, means "man" or "person" is a general term for a group of culturally similar Indigenous peoples inhabiting A fjord or fiord (fjɔːd|fiːɔːd or fiːɔːd is a long narrow Inlet with steep sides created in a valley carved by glacial activity. They crossed northward across the Arctic Circle, reaching seventy degrees North on skis. The Arctic Circle is one of the five major circles of latitude that mark maps of the Earth. The team scaled an unnamed peak of height 11,000 feet and named it ‘’Indian Peak’’. A foot (plural feet or foot; symbol or abbreviation ft or sometimes &prime – the prime symbol) is a non-SI unit [88]

The Indian Naval ensign first flew in Antarctica in 1981. [89] The Indian Navy succeeded in Mission Dakshin Dhruv 2006 by traversing to the South Pole on skis. The South Pole, also known as the Geographic South Pole or Terrestrial South Pole, is the southernmost point on the surface of the Earth. With this historic expedition, they have set the record for being the first military team to have successfully completed a ski traverse to the Geographic South Pole. [90] Also, three of the ten member team - the expedition leader - Cdr. Satyabrata Dam, leading medical assistants Rakesh Kumar and Vikas Kumar are now amongst the few people in the world to have visited the two poles and summited Mt. Everest. [91][92] Indian Navy became the first organization to reach the poles and Mt. Everest. [93]

Ongoing expansion

Shivalik class frigate under construction.
Shivalik class frigate under construction. History The Shivalik class ship has been designed by the Directorate of Naval Design of the Indian Navy

In 2004, India bought the Russian aircraft carrier, Admiral Gorshkov for the equivalent of US$1. Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending Differences from other Kiev class carriers The fourth of the Project 1143 aircraft carrying cruisers Baku had many differences to the rest of the class trialing technologies 5 billion. It will cost US$800 million to refit, and is expected to join the Indian Navy in 2008- 09. A further US$700 million will be spent to purchase 12 single-seat MiG-29K and four dual-seat MiG-29KUB fighters, six Kamov-31 attack and reconnaissance anti-submarine helicopters; also included are training facilities for pilots and technical staff, delivery of simulators and spare parts, and establishment and maintenance of Indian Navy facilities. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout Upgrades include removing missiles from the carrier foredeck to make way for a 14. 3-degree ski-jump. [94] The Mig-29's will be delivered to the Indian Navy in 2007. [95]

In April 2005, India began construction of a 37,500 tonne Vikrant class aircraft carrier at a cost of 4,000 crore and scheduled to operate 30 aircraft, including Naval LCA, MiG-29K, and Sea Harrier combat aircraft, as well as HAL Dhruv, Ka-31, and Sea King Mk.42 helicopters. Status Laying of keel for India’s first Indigenous Aircraft Carrier (IAC originally named Air Defence Ship (ADS will take place at the Cochin Shipyard in December WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout Four turbine engines will power the ship. A turbine is a rotary Engine that extracts Energy from a Fluid flow The carrier is being constructed by state-run Cochin Shipyard Limited. Cochin Shipyard (CSL is the largest ship building yard in India. [96] and will be commissioned by 2012-13. The Indian Minister of State for Defence, Pallam Raju, went on record in September 2006 stating that the aircraft carrier is likely to be commissioned by 2011. [97] There are plans to build more Indigenous aircraft carriers. [98]

The Indian Navy is currently undergoing rapid expansion and modernisation. Indian Navy Ships and submarines (Present Present Fleet (156 in Service |-----!colspan=6 bgcolor="#f9f9f9"|Aircraft carrier [99] Yantar, a plant in Kaliningrad, Russia, was awarded a US$1. Kaliningrad (Калининград is a Seaport and the administrative center of Kaliningrad Oblast, the Russian Exclave between Poland 56 billion contract to build three additional 1135. 6 frigates. The increased price is due to more sophisticated armaments such as BrahMos cruise missiles. The Navy has government approval for an additional eight warships.

India is reportedly paying two billion dollars for the completion of two Akula-II class submarines which were 40-60% completed. [100] Three hundred Indian Navy personnel are being trained in Russia for the operation of these submarines. India has finalized a deal with Russia, in which at the end of the lease of these submarines, it has an option to buy them. According to report, the first submarine will be handed over to the Indian Navy on June 15, 2008. Events 763 BC - Assyrians record a Solar eclipse that will be used to fix the Chronology of Mesopotamian history 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common The first submarine will be named INS Chakra. [101]

Future prospects

Vikrant class aircraft carrier will join the Indian Navy in 2012.
Vikrant class aircraft carrier will join the Indian Navy in 2012. Status Laying of keel for India’s first Indigenous Aircraft Carrier (IAC originally named Air Defence Ship (ADS will take place at the Cochin Shipyard in December

In 2004, the Ministry of Defence spent US $5. 7 billion in arms purchases making India the developing world's leading military buyer. A major chunk of those purchases were made for the Indian Navy. India is currently focusing on expanding its submarine fleet. A submarine is a Watercraft that can operate independently below water as distinct from a Submersible that has only limited underwater capability The ordering of the six Scorpene submarines is part of project 75 which calls for 24 submarines in 30 years. Scorpène characteristics The Scorpène class of ships has three subtypes: the Basic Basic-AIP (with the MESMA Air-independent propulsion) and Compact Request for proposals to acquire and build six new range of submarines would be floated shortly. [102] Also newer technology like the Unmanned Underwater Vehicle (UUV) is being developed for the Indian Navy to protect the littoral domain. [103][104] The Indian Navy is also planning to induct P-8I maritime patrol aircraft by the year 2012. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout [105] Work on the third aircraft carrier is to start in 2010 and will be inducted into the Navy by 2017. [106]

With the recent and ongoing upgrades and inductions, independent analysts expect that the Indian Navy may soon become a blue-water navy. The term blue-water navy is a Colloquialism used to describe a maritime force capable of operating across the deep waters of open oceans [107] India's navy is already among the most powerful in the region,[108] and with further upgrades in the future, aims to control the Indian Ocean Region, from the coast of East Africa to Australia. East Africa is the Easternmost Region of the African Continent. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. [109] India is also the only Asian navy to regularly operate aircraft carriers. [110]

Gallery

The Indian Navy's marching contingent during Republic day. The Republic Day of India is a National holiday of India to mark the adoption of the Constitution of India and the transition of India from a British

References

Notes

  1. ^ Global Security article on the Indian Navy
  2. ^ India's drive for a 'Blue water' Navy by Dr. David Scott, International Relations, Brunel University
  3. ^ India's 12 Steps to a World-Class Navy
  4. ^ Shaping India's maritime strategy - opportunities and challenges
  5. ^ India prepared for global security role: Antony
  6. ^ Interesting facts about India
  7. ^ Maritime trade with the west
  8. ^ Indus Valley Civilization
  9. ^ Economics of the Indus valley civilization
  10. ^ How to Build a Dock
  11. ^ Indian seabed hides ancient remains
  12. ^ Ancient India - Ship Building & Navigation
  13. ^ History of the Indian Navy
  14. ^ Stamps issued in 2001
  15. ^ Goa Operation — Indian Navy
  16. ^ US intervention in 1971 war
  17. ^ Seapower: A Guide for the Twenty-first Century By Geoffrey Till
  18. ^ Maritime Awareness and Pakistan Navy. Defence Notes by Commander (Retd) Muhammad Azam Khan. Retrieved on May 16, 2005.
  19. ^ Baluchis, Beijing, and Pakistan’s Gwadar Port - Henry L. Stimson Center
  20. ^ The Resurgence of Baluch nationalism by Frédéric Grare - Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
  21. ^ Bangladesh: Out of War, a Nation Is Born Dec. Henry Lewis Stimson ( September 21, 1867 – October 20, 1950) was an American Statesman, who served as Secretary of The Carnegie Endowment for International Peace is a formally private nonprofit organization in practice closely associated with the United States Department of State, 20, 1971 TIME
  22. ^ The Bangladesh war Britannica online
  23. ^ The courage to say no!
  24. ^ 'India's national interest had been made coterminous with maritime security'
  25. ^ The Indian Navy celebrates its silent Kargil victory
  26. ^ Ministry of Defense Report
  27. ^ President Discusses Strong U.S.-India Partnership in New Delhi, India March 3, 2006, The White House
  28. ^ Tsunami diplomacy improves India's global image
  29. ^ Indian Naval Diplomacy: Post Tsunami
  30. ^ Tsunami diplomacy improves India's global image
  31. ^ Operation Sukoon
  32. ^ Operation Sukoon @ official website
  33. ^ Indian Navy Doctors Serve on U.S. Navy Hospital Ship Mercy’s Aid Mission in South and Southeast Asia
  34. ^ India sends rice for Bangladesh storm victims
  35. ^ India's assistance to Myanmar must reflect its regional role
  36. ^ Commanding the ocean
  37. ^ Malacca Straits security: role seen for Indian Navy
  38. ^ India, Australia sign defence accord
  39. ^ Project Seabird
  40. ^ India navy drops another anchor
  41. ^ Navy to set up second base in Vizag
  42. ^ Indian Navy to lease station in Madagascar
  43. ^ India activates first listening post on foreign soil: radars in Madagascar
  44. ^ India, Mozambique sign maritime defense agreement
  45. ^ MARCOS (Marine Commandos)
  46. ^ Warship collides with SCI vessel off Mumbai coast
  47. ^ India's navy in $1.8bn sub deal
  48. ^ Submarine launch is next BrahMos frontier
  49. ^ India plans to buy 6 new subs, says Navy chief
  50. ^ The secret undersea weapon, India Today
  51. ^ NSTL develops autonomous underwater vehicle
  52. ^ Indian military aviation OrBat
  53. ^ Sepecat/HAL Jaguar
  54. ^ Image of IAF maritime Jaguar
  55. ^ Indian Air Force's Su-30MKI ready for maritime role
  56. ^ IAF to arm maritime Jaguar fighters with anti-ship missiles
  57. ^ Israel, India to Cooperate on $350M Long-Range Barak SAM Project
  58. ^ Brahmos naval version tested successfully
  59. ^ Sangraha electronic warfare system
  60. ^ Navy building high-speed data network
  61. ^ Change but Continuity: The Indian Navy Marches Ahead
  62. ^ Information technology and Indian Navy
  63. ^ President's fleet review
  64. ^ Bridges of friendship gallery
  65. ^ Bridges of Friendship
  66. ^ Indian Navy Displays its Blue-Water Capabilities
  67. ^ India eNews - Indian Navy validates new maritime warfare doctrine
  68. ^ Indian Navy holds joint drills with top naval powers
  69. ^ Two Indian naval ships dock in Sai Gon Port for 5-day visit.
  70. ^ Indian Navy engages US and Russia away from Home
  71. ^ India, S Korea to hold joint naval exercise
  72. ^ Naval flotilla to hold exercises with Persian Gulf states
  73. ^ IndianExpress.com :: Five-nation naval exercise kicks off
  74. ^ India, Brazil, SA navies engage in joint exercises
  75. ^ Indo-German naval exercises to begin today
  76. ^ India ready for naval exercises with GCC countries
  77. ^ Realising the Indian Dream
  78. ^ Visit of IN ships to Kenya
  79. ^ Indian naval ships coming on courtesy tour
  80. ^ Indian navy's role in international diplomacy increasing
  81. ^ IONS-Official website
  82. ^ PM calls on Indian Ocean navies to pool resources
  83. ^ INS Tarangini
  84. ^ A ship sails tall and proud
  85. ^ Indian Navy on top of the world
  86. ^ I Indian Navy summits Everest
  87. ^ Indian Navy Team in Iceland
  88. ^ Chilling out!
  89. ^ Indian Navy timeline
  90. ^ Navy team becomes first military unit to ski to South Pole
  91. ^ Indian Navy Mission Dakshin Dhruv 2006-07
  92. ^ The Indian Navy team all set to scale Mount Everest following the Tibet route
  93. ^ Indian Navy North pole team creates record
  94. ^ A report on India's purchase of Admiral Gorshkov
  95. ^ Made-for-India MiG-29 test flight next week
  96. ^ India's construction of aircraft carrier.
  97. ^ IAC construction
  98. ^ *India to have ‘3-carrier Navy’
  99. ^ *Indian Navy's 15-Year Modernization Plan Progresses
  100. ^ Akula class submarine
  101. ^ Indian nuclear submarine", India Today, August 2007 edition
  102. ^ Navy to Bolster Submarine Fleet; RFP's Expected Shortly
  103. ^ DRDO developing unmanned underwater vehicle
  104. ^ Unmanned defence systems come of age
  105. ^ India eyes $2b defence deal with US
  106. ^ Indian Navy to get third aircraft carrier by 2017
  107. ^ India Pursuing Blue Water Navy, Ballistic Missile Sub
  108. ^ Background Note: India Bureau of South and Central Asian Affairs, October 2006, U.S. State Department
  109. ^ March 12, 2007 'THE MIDEAST MAY SOON FEEL INDIA’S GROWING POWER'
  110. ^ Beijing still quiet on US-India deal By Yuan Jing-dong March 16, 2006 Taipei Times

Books

External links

Videos

See also

Indian maritime history begins during the 3rd millennium BCE when the inhabitants of the Indus Valley initiate trading with Mesopotamia. Mohammed Kunjali Marakkar was the Muslim naval chief of the Samoothiri Raja Manavikraman (Samoothiri Saamoothirippādu or Saamoothiri, anglicised Zamorin, is the used by the Nair rulers of the erstwhile state of Kozhikode (anglicised Chempil Anantha Padmanabhan Valiya Arayan Kankumaran, known as Chempil Arayan [[Arayan] of Chempu] was the Admiral of the fleet in the service of
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