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Not to be confused with Imminence.

Immanence, derived from the Latin in manere "to remain within", refers to philosophical and metaphysical theories of the divine as existing and acting within the mind or the world. This concept generally contrasts or coexists with the idea of transcendence. In Religion, transcendence is a condition or state of being that surpasses physical existence and in one form is also independent of it

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Immanence in religion

In worship, a believer in immanence might say that one can find God wherever one seeks. God is the principal or sole Deity in Religions and other belief systems that worship one deity. This understanding is often used in Hinduism to describe the relationship of Brahman, or the Supreme Being, to the material world (i. Hinduism is a religious tradition that originated in the Indian subcontinent. Brahman ( bráhman-, Nominative bráhma sa ब्रह्म is a concept of Hinduism. The term Supreme Being is often defined simply as " God " and it is used with this meaning by theologians of many religious faiths including but not limited to e. , monistic theism). Monism is the metaphysical and Theological view that all is one that all reality is subsumed under the most fundamental category of being or existence Hinduism posits Brahman as both transcendent and immanent — varying emphasis on either quality is made by the different philosophies/denominations within the religion. Hinduism is a religious tradition that originated in the Indian subcontinent. In Religion, transcendence is a condition or state of being that surpasses physical existence and in one form is also independent of it Immanence is one of the five key concepts in Druze, and is represented by the color white. The Druze ( Arabic: درزي derzī or durzī, plural دروز durūz) are a religious community found primarily in Syria, Lebanon Scholars such as Henry David Thoreau, who popularized the concept of immanence, were influenced by Hindu views.

Belief in the immanence of the transcendent God is a distinguishing characteristic of both Christianity and Judaism. It is common for both Jews and Christians to refer to God as "My God," a phraseology seen as inappropriate by Muslims, Hindus, or Buddhists. Christians also have the distinction of referring to God as "Abba Father", a personally endearing term akin to "daddy" used by Jesus in Mark 14:36 and later by Paul in Romans 8:15 and Galatians 4:6.

Christianity

In Christianity, the transcendent, almighty, and holy God, who cannot be approached or seen in essence or being, becomes immanent primarily in the God-man Jesus the Christ, who is believed to be the incarnate Second Person of the Trinity. Christianity ( Greek Χριστιανισμός from the word Xριστός ( Christ)is a monotheistic Religion centered on the life and teachings In Religion, transcendence is a condition or state of being that surpasses physical existence and in one form is also independent of it SACRED was a Cubesat built by the Student Satellite Program of the University of Arizona. God is the principal or sole Deity in Religions and other belief systems that worship one deity. God-man refers to the divine Incarnation as described within various religious faiths including early Roman Catholicism and Christian mysticism. Jesus of Nazareth (7–2 BC / BCE —26–36 AD / CE) Christ is the English term for the Greek ( Khristós) meaning "the anointed " Incarnation which literally means embodied in flesh, refers to the conception and birth of a sentient creature (generally a human who is the SSC RF "Troitsk Institute of Innovative and Termonuclear Research" or TRINITY for shprt Троицкий Институт инновационных и термоядерных In Orthodox theology the immanence of God is expressed as the hypostasises and or energies of God. God who in his essence is incomprehensible and transcendent.

This is most famously expressed in St Paul's letter to the Philippians, where he writes:

"Who, being in the form of God, thought it not robbery to be equal with God: But made himself of no reputation, and took upon him the form of a servant, and was made in the likeness of men: And being found in fashion as a man, he humbled himself, and became obedient unto death, even the death of the cross. Paul the apostle (שאול התרסי Šaʾul HaTarsi, meaning " Saul of Tarsus " Σαούλ Saul and Σαῦλος Saulos and [1]

The Holy Spirit is also expressed as an immanence of God.

and the Holy Spirit descended on him in bodily form like a dove. And a voice came from heaven: "You are my Son, whom I love; with you I am well pleased. "[2]

The immanence of the triune God is celebrated in Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodoxy during the liturgical calendar feast as the Theophany of God (see Feast of Theophany ). Theophany, from the Greek, theophaneia (meaning "appearance/showing of God" refers to the appearance of a Deity to a human or to a divine disclosure Epiphany ( Greek for "to manifest" or "to show" is a Christian Feast day which celebrates the "shining forth" or revelation of

Mormonism

According to LDS theology all of the material creation we see is filled with and indeed empowered by an immanence known as the "Light of Christ". This same immanence is responsible for the intuitive conscience born into man. It maintains and sustains the physical universe. This belief is in addition to the more commonly discussed belief in Mormon theology that God, Jesus, and the Holy Ghost are three distinct beings (and probably most accurately described as "transcendent").

Tzimtzum in the Kabbalistic theory

Main article: Tzimtzum

In Jewish Mysticism, Tzimtzum (צמצום Hebrew: "contraction" or "constriction") refers to the notion in the Kabbalistic theory of creation that God "contracted" his infinite essence in order to allow for a "conceptual space" in which a finite, independent world could exist. In Jewish Mysticism, Tzimtzum (צמצום Hebrew: "contraction" or "constriction" refers to the notion in the Kabbalistic theory of PLEASE TAKE NOTE************ Mysticism (from the Greek grc μυστικός mystikos, an initiate of a Mystery religion) is the pursuit of communion with identity Kabbalah (קַבָּלָה lit "receiving" is a discipline and school of thought discussing the mystical aspect of Judaism. The concept of Tzimtzum contains a built-in paradox, as it requires that God be simultaneously transcendent and immanent:

Dzogchen

Tantric Buddhism and Dzogchen posit a non-dual basis for both experience and reality that could be considered an exposition of a philosophy of immanence that has a history on the subcontinent of India from the early common era to the present. Tantra ( Sanskrit: तन्त्र; " Weave " denoting continuity) tantricism or tantrism is any of several esoteric Buddhism is a family of beliefs and practices According to some schools of Tibetan Buddhism and Bön, Dzogchen is the natural primordial state or natural condition of every sentient Being A paradoxical non-dual awareness or rigpa (Tibetan — vidya in Sanskrit) — is said to be the 'self perfected state' of all beings. Nondualism implies that things appear distinct while not being separate Rigpa (Tibetan Sanskrit Vidya) is the primordial nondual awareness advocated by the Dzogchen and Mahamudra teachings Tibetan refers to a group of languages spoken primarily by Tibetan peoples who live across a wide area of eastern Central Asia bordering South Asia as well as by overseas Sanskrit (sa संस्कृता वाक् saṃskṛtā vāk, for short sa संस्कृतम् saṃskṛtam) is a historical Scholarly works differentiate these traditions from monism. Monism is the metaphysical and Theological view that all is one that all reality is subsumed under the most fundamental category of being or existence The non-dual is said to be not immanent and not transcendent, not neither, nor both. One classical exposition is the Madhyamaka refutation of extremes that the philosopher-adept Nagarjuna propounded. Madhyamaka ( Sanskrit: मध्यमक Madhyamaka,, Pinyin: Zhōngguānzōng; also known as Śunyavada) is a Buddhist Acharya Nāgārjuna ( Telugu: నాగార్జున (c 150 - 250 CE) was an Indian philosopher the founder of the Madhyamaka

Exponents of this non-dual tradition emphasize the importance of a direct experience of non-duality through both meditative practice and philosophical investigation. In one version, one maintains awareness as thoughts arise and dissolve within the 'field' of mind, one does not accept or reject them, rather one lets the mind wander as it will until a subtle sense of immanence dawns. MIND ( Moving In New Directions) (est 1975 is an alternative education high school in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Vipassana or insight is the integration of one's 'presence of awareness' with that which arises in mind. Non-duality or rigpa is said to be the recognition that both the quiet, calm abiding state as found in samatha and the movement or arising of phenomena as found in vipassana are not separate. In this way it could be stated that Dzogchen is a method for the recognition of a 'pure immanence' analogous to what Deleuze theorized about. Gilles Deleuze ( (January 18 1925 &ndash November 4 1995 was a French philosopher of the late 20th century

Pagan Philosophy

Another meaning of immanence is the quality of being contained within, or remains within the boundaries of a person, of the world, or of the mind. This meaning is more common within Christian and other monotheist theology, in which the one God is considered to transcend his creation.

Pythagoreanism says that the nous is an intelligent principle of the world acting with a specific intention. This is the divine reason regarded in Neoplatonism as the first emanation of the Divine. [3] Noetic (from Greek nous) is usually translated as "mind", "understanding", "intellect", or "reason". From the nous emerges the world soul, which gives rise to the manifest realm. Pythagoreanism goes on to say the Godhead is the Father, Mother, and Son (Zeus). In the mind of Zeus, the ideas are distinctly articulated and become the Logos by which he creates the world. These ideas become active in the Mind (nous) of Zeus. With him is the Power and from him is the nous [4]. This theology further explains that Zeus is called Demiurge (Dêmiourgos, Creator), Maker (Poiêtês), and Craftsman (Technitês)[5]. The nous of the demiurge proceeds outward into manifestation becoming living ideas. They give rise to a lineage of mortal human souls[6]. The components of the soul are:[7] 1) the higher soul, seat of the intuitive mind (divine nous); 2) the rational soul (logistikon) (seat of discursive reason / dianoia); 3) the nonrational soul (alogia), responsible for the senses, appetites, and motion. Zeus thinks the articulated ideas (Logos). The idea of ideas (Eidos - Eidôn), provides a model of the Paradigm of the Universe, which the Demiurge contemplates in his articulation of the ideas and his creation of the world according to the Logos. [8]

Immanence in philosophy

The term "immanence" is usually understood to mean that the divine force, or the divine being, pervades through all things that exist, and is able to influence them. Such a meaning is common in pantheism and panpsychism, and it implies that divinity is inseparably present in all things. Pantheism ( Greek: πάν ( 'pan') = all and θεός ( 'theos') = God it literally means " God is All Panpsychism, in Philosophy, is either the view that all parts of matter involve mind or the more holistic view that the whole universe is an organism that possesses In this meaning immanence is distinct from transcendence, the latter being understood as the divinity being set apart from or transcending the World (an exception being Giovanni Gentile's "Actual Idealism" wherein immanence of subject is considered identified with transcendence over the material world). In Philosophy, the adjective transcendental and the noun transcendence convey three different but related primary meanings all of them derived from the word's literal Giovanni Gentile (dʒoˈvɑnni dʒenˈtile May 30, 1875 April 15, 1944) was an Italian neo- Hegelian Idealist Actual Idealism was a form of Idealism developed by Giovanni Gentile that grew into a 'grounded' idealism contrasting the Transcendental Idealism of Giordano Bruno, Baruch Spinoza and, it may be argued, Hegel's philosophy were philosophies of immanence, as well as stoicism, versus philosophies of transcendence such as thomism or Aristotelian tradition. Giordano Bruno (1548 – February 17, 1600) was an Italian Philosopher best-known as an early proponent of Heliocentrism and Baruch or Benedict de Spinoza (ברוך שפינוזה Bento de Espinosa Benedictus de Spinoza ( November 24, 1632 – February 21, Stoicism, a school of Hellenistic philosophy, was founded in Athens by Zeno of Citium in the early third century BC Thomism is the philosophical school that arose as a legacy of the work and thought of Thomas Aquinas. Aristotle (Greek Aristotélēs) (384 BC – 322 BC was a Greek philosopher a student of Plato and teacher of Alexander the Great. While risking oversimplification, Kant's "transcendent" critique, for example, can be contrasted to Hegel's "immanent," dialectical idealist critique. Gilles Deleuze qualified Spinoza as the "prince of philosophers" for his theory of immanence, which Spinoza resumed by "Deus sive Natura" ("God or Nature"). Gilles Deleuze ( (January 18 1925 &ndash November 4 1995 was a French philosopher of the late 20th century Baruch or Benedict de Spinoza (ברוך שפינוזה Bento de Espinosa Benedictus de Spinoza ( November 24, 1632 – February 21, Such a theory considers that there is no transcendent principle or external cause to the world, and that the process of life production is contained in life itself. In Philosophy, the adjective transcendental and the noun transcendence convey three different but related primary meanings all of them derived from the word's literal [9] When compounded with Idealism, the immanence theory qualifies itself away from "the world" to there being no external cause to one's mind. In Western civilization, Idealism is the philosophy which maintains that the Ultimate nature of reality is ideal or based upon ideas values essences The so-called

In the context of Kant's theory of knowledge Immanence means to remain in the boundaries of possible experience. Immanuel Kant (ɪmanuəl kant 22 April 1724 12 February 1804 was an 18th-century German Philosopher from the Prussian city of Königsberg

The French 20th century philosopher Gilles Deleuze used the term immanence to refer to his "empiricist philosophy", which was obliged to create action and results rather than establish transcendentals. Gilles Deleuze ( (January 18 1925 &ndash November 4 1995 was a French philosopher of the late 20th century His final text was titled Immanence: a life. . . , spoke of a plane of immanence. Plane of immanence is a founding concept in the Metaphysics or Ontology of French philosopher Gilles Deleuze. [1] Similarly, Giorgio Agamben writes in The Coming Community (1993): "There is an effect something that humans are and have to be, but this is not an essence nor properly a thing: It is the simple fact of one's own existence as possibility or potentiality". Giorgio Agamben (born 1942 in Rome) is an Italian philosopher who teaches at the Università IUAV di Venezia.

In a similar vein, the term has been used by the Kennesaw School to show the emergent nature of communal relationality and the potential for becoming within an Age of Globalization.

Endnotes

  1. ^ The Bible, Philippians 2:6–8, (KJV)"
  2. ^ http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?book_id=49&chapter=3&verse=22&version=31&context=verse Luke 3:22 (New International Version)
  3. ^ Divine Reason
  4. ^ Demiurge Creation
  5. ^ Craftsman
  6. ^ Basic Principles
  7. ^ Components of the Soul
  8. ^ Self Contemplating Nous
  9. ^ See Antonio Negri, The Savage Anomaly: The Power of Spinoza's Metaphysics and Politics (transl. Antonio ("Toni" Negri (born August 1, 1933) is an Italian Marxist political philosopher. 1991, Minnesota Univ. Press)

See also

External links

Substance theory, or substance attribute theory, is an ontological theory about objecthood, positing that a substance is distinct from its In Philosophy, the adjective transcendental and the noun transcendence convey three different but related primary meanings all of them derived from the word's literal Plane of immanence is a founding concept in the Metaphysics or Ontology of French philosopher Gilles Deleuze. Immanuel is also a town in Israel near Ariel. For other articles please see Emanuel (disambiguation To immanentize the eschaton means trying to make the eschaton Eschaton, which is a dab page see WikipediaDisambiguation pages with links --> (the

Dictionary

immanence

-noun

  1. The state of being immanent; inherency.
  2. The state of dwelling within and not extending beyond a given domain.
  3. (philosophy, metaphysics, theology) The concept of the presence of deity in and throughout the real world; the idea that God is everywhere and in everything. Contrast transcendence.
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