Illness (sometimes referred to as ill-health or ail) can be defined as a state of poor health. Health is a state of complete physical mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

Contents 1 Introduction 2 Physical 3 Mental 4 Social 5 Treatment 6 Study of illness 7 Religion and illness 8 See also 9 References

Introduction

The mode of being healthy includes, as defined by the World Health Organization, " [. . . ] a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity" (WHO, 1946). A disease is an abnormal condition of an organism that impairs bodily functions and can be deadly When these conditions are not fulfilled, then one can be considered to have an illness or be ill. Medication and the science of pharmacology is used to cure or reduce symptoms of an illness or medical conditions. Pharmacology (from Greek grc φάρμακον pharmakon, "drug" and grc -λογία -logia) is the study of how Drugs Developmental disability is a term used to describe severe, life-long disabilities attributable to mental and/or physical impairments. Developmental disability is a term used to describe life-long disabilities attributable to mental and/or physical or combination of mental and physical impairments

Physical

Conditions of the body or mind that cause pain, dysfunction, or distress to the person afflicted or those in contact with the person can be deemed an illness. The human body is the entire physical and mental structure of a Human Organism. MIND ( Moving In New Directions) (est 1975 is an alternative education high school in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Pain, in the sense of physical pain, is a typical sensory experience that may be described as the unpleasant awareness of a noxious stimulus or bodily harm Sometimes the term is used broadly to include injuries, disabilities, syndromes, infections, symptoms, deviant behaviors, and atypical variations of structure and function, while in other contexts these may be considered distinguishable categories. In Medicine and Psychology, the term syndrome refers to the association of several clinically recognizable features signs (observed by a physician A pathogen or infectious agent is a biological agent that causes disease or illness to its host. A pathogen (from Greek πάθος pathos "suffering passion" and γἰγνομαι (γεν- gignomai (gen- "I give birth to" infectious A pathogen (from Greek πάθος pathos "suffering passion" and γἰγνομαι (γεν- gignomai (gen- "I give birth to" infectious A passenger virus is a virus that simply hitchhikes in the body of a person or infects the body without causing symptoms, illness or disease. A passenger virus is a Virus that is frequently found in samples from diseased tissue such as Tumours but does not contribute to causing the Disease. Foodborne illness or food poisoning is any illness resulting from the consumption of food contaminated with pathogenic bacteria, toxins, viruses, prions or parasites. Foodborne illness (also foodborne disease) is any Illness resulting from the consumption of food

Mental

Mental illness (or Emotional disability, Cognitive dysfunction) is a broad generic label for a category of illnesses that may include affective or emotional instability, behavioral dysregulation, and/or cognitive dysfunction or impairment. Mental disorder or mental illness is a psychological or behavioral pattern that occurs in an individual and is thought to cause distress or disability that is not expected as An emotion is a mental and physiological state associated with a wide variety of feelings thoughts and behaviours Specific illnesses known as mental illnesses include major depression, generalized anxiety disorder, schizophrenia, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, to name a few. Schizophrenia ( from the Greek roots schizein (σχίζειν "to split" and phrēn Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD is a neurobehavioral developmental disorder affecting about 3-5% of the world's population Mental illness can be of biological (e. g. , anatomical, chemical, or genetic) or psychological (e. g. , trauma or conflict) origin. It can impact one’s ability to work or go to school and contribute to problems in relationships. Other generic names for mental illness include “mental disorder”, “psychiatric disorder”, “psychological disorder”, “abnormal psychology”, “emotional disability”, “emotional problems”, or “behavior problem”. The term insanity is used technically as a legal term. Traditionally insanity or madness is the behaviour whereby a person flouts societal norms and may become a danger to himself and others Brain damage may occur due to a wide range of conditions, illnesses, or injuries. Brain damage, or Acquired brain injury, is the destruction or degeneration of Brain cells.

A delusion is commonly defined as a fixed false belief and is used in everyday language to describe a belief that is either false, fanciful or derived from deception. A delusion is commonly defined as a fixed False Belief and is used in everyday language to describe a belief that is either false fanciful or derived from Deception In psychiatry, the definition is necessarily more precise and implies that the belief is pathological (the result of an illness or illness process). In the Munchausen syndrome, the sufferer feigns, exaggerates, or creates symptoms of illnesses in himself or herself in order to gain investigation, treatment, attention, or sympathy. Munchausen syndrome is a Psychiatric disorder in which those affected fake disease illness or psychological trauma in order to draw attention or sympathy to themselves Munchausen syndrome by proxy often involves inducing illness in another to the same end. Munchausen syndrome is a Psychiatric disorder in which those affected fake disease illness or psychological trauma in order to draw attention or sympathy to themselves

Mental health consumer is a person who is under treatment for a psychiatric illness or disorder. A mental health consumer is a person who is under treatment for a Psychiatric Illness or disorder. The term was coined in an attempt to empower those with mental health issues, usually considered a marginalized segment of society. The term suggests that those individuals have a choice in their treatment and that without them there could not exist mental health providers.

Social

Social determinants of health are the social conditions in which people live which determine their health. Social determinants of health are the economic and social conditions under which people live which determine their Health. Illnesses are generally related to social, economic, political, and environmental circumstances. Social determinants of health have been recognized by several health organizations such as the Public Health Agency of Canada and the World Health Organization to greatly influence collective and personal well-being. Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page

Treatment

The governmental involvement is vital and may also be required to study a range of illnesses and treatments. Health care is the prevention, treatment, and management of illness and the preservation of mental and physical well-being through the services offered by the medical, nursing, and allied health professions. Health care is the prevention treatment and management of illness and the preservation of mental health through the services offered by the medical, Nursing The organised provision of such services may constitute a health care system. Before the term "healthcare" became popular, English-speakers referred to medicine or to the health sector and spoke of the treatment and prevention of illness and disease. Medicine is the art and science of healing It encompasses a range of Health care practices evolved to maintain and restore Human Health by the A patient is any person who receives medical attention, care, or treatment. A patient is any person who receives medical attention care or treatment. The person is most often ill or injured and is being treated by, or in need of treatment by, a physician or other medical professional. Health consumer or health care consumer is another name for patient, usually used by some governmental agencies, insurance companies, and/or patient groups.

Medical emergencies are injuries or illnesses that pose an immediate threat to a person's health or life which require help from a doctor or hospital. A medical emergency is an Injury or Illness that is acute and poses an immediate risk to a person's life or long term health The doctor's specialization of emergency medicine includes techniques for effective handling of medical emergencies and resuscitation of patients. Emergency departments provides initial treatment to patients with a broad spectrum of illnesses and injuries, some of which may be life-threatening and requiring immediate attention.

A drug is any chemical substance other than a food or device that affects the function of living things. A drug, broadly speaking is any chemical substance that when absorbed into the body Drugs can be used to treat illness, or they can be used recreationally to alter behavior and perception. Medications are typically produced by pharmaceutical companies and are often patented. Medication, also referred to as medicine, can be loosely defined as any substance intended for use in the diagnosis cure mitigation treatment or prevention of disease Those that are not patented are called generic drugs. Some physicians can prescribe approved medications for other than their intended indications, referred as "Off-label use". Off-label use is the practice of prescribing drugs for a purpose outside the scope of the drug's approved label most often concerning the drug's indication. Marketing information for the drug will list one or more indications, i. e. , illnesses or medical conditions for which the drug has been shown to be both safe and effective. A drug overdose occurs when a chemical substance (i. The term drug overdose (or simply overdose or OD) describes the Ingestion or application of a Drug or other substance in quantities e. drug) is ingested in quantities and/or concentrations large enough to overwhelm the homeostasis of a living organism, causing severe illness or death. Essentially it is a type of poisoning. In the context of biology, poisons are substances that can cause illness. In the context of Biology, poisons are substances that can cause damage, Illness, or Death to Organisms usually by

Bedrest as a medical treatment refers to staying in bed day and night, as in a treatment for a hangover. Bedrest as a medical treatment refers to staying in bed day and night as a treatment for an Illness or medical condition especially when prescribed or chosen rather Even though most patients in hospitals spend most of their time in the hospital beds, bedrest more often refers to an extended period of recumbence at home.

Human enhancement technologies (HET) are technologies that can be used not simply for treating illness and disability, but also for enhancing human capacities and characteristics. Human enhancement refers to any attempt to temporarily or permanently overcome the current limitations of the Human body through natural or artificial means Medication is a licenced drug taken to cure or reduce symptoms of an illness or medical condition. Medication, also referred to as medicine, can be loosely defined as any substance intended for use in the diagnosis cure mitigation treatment or prevention of disease A wheelchair is mobility device that takes the form of a chair on wheels, used by people for whom walking is difficult or impossible due to illness or disability. A wheelchair is a wheeled Mobility device in which the user sits

Shock therapy is the deliberate and controlled induction of some form of physiological state of shock in an individual for the purpose of psychiatric treatment. Electrotherapy is the use of electrical energy in the treatment of impairments of health and a conditions of abnormal functioning. Electrotherapy is the use of Electrical energy in the treatment of impairments of health and a conditions of abnormal functioning.

Study of illness

Epidemiology is the scientific study of factors affecting the health and illness of individuals and populations, and serves as the foundation and logic of interventions made in the interest of public health and preventive medicine. Epidemiology is the study of factors affecting the Health and Illness of populations and serves as the foundation and Logic of interventions made in the

Behavioral medicine is an interdisciplinary field of medicine concerned with the development and integration of psychosocial, behavioral and biomedical knowledge relevant to health and illness. Behavioral Medicine is an Interdisciplinary field of Medicine concerned with the development and integration of Psychosocial, Behavioral Clinical Global Impression scale to assess treatment response in patients with mental disorders. The Clinical Global Impression rating scales are commonly used measures of symptom severity treatment response and the efficacy of treatments in treatment studies of patients with mental disorders It's " Improvement scale" requires the clinician to rate how much the patient's illness has improved or worsened relative to a baseline state. Mental confusion and decreased alertness may indicate that a chronic illness has gotten worse. Confusion, of a Pathological degree usually refers to loss of orientation (ability to place oneself correctly in the world by time location and personal identity and

Religion and illness

Jewish and Islamic law grant exceptions to people of ill health. Halakha ( הלכה; alternative transliterations include Halocho and Halacha) is the collective body of Jewish Religious law Sharia ( Arabic: ar شريعة) is the body of Islamic Religious law. For example, one whose life would be endangered by doing so is exempt from (and indeed forbidden to participate in) fasting on Yom Kippur or during Ramadan. Yom Kippur (יוֹם כִּפּוּר ˈjɔm kiˈpur also known in English as the Day of Atonement, is the most solemn and important of the Jewish holidays Its Ramadan or Ramazan ( Arabic: رمضان Ramaḍān) is a Muslim religious observance that takes place during the ninth month of the Islamic

In the New Testament Jesus is described as performing miracles of healing. Jesus of Nazareth (7–2 BC / BCE —26–36 AD / CE) A miracle is an event believed to be caused by interposition of Divine intervention by a Supernatural being in the Universe by which the ordinary operation

Illness was one of the four scenes, referred to as the four sights, encountered by Gautama Buddha. According to accounts of Gautama Buddha 's life he led a sheltered existence as a prince surrounded by luxury and pleasure in his younger years Siddhārtha Gautama ( Sanskrit; Pali: Siddhattha Gotama) was a spiritual Teacher from Ancient India and the founder

Korean Shamanism involves notions of "spirit sickness". Korean shamanism encompasses a variety of indigenous beliefs and practices that have been influenced by Buddhism and Taoism.

Folk medicine is collectively procedures traditionally used for treatment of illness and injury, aid to childbirth, and maintenance of wellness. The term traditional medicine ( Indigenous medicine or folk medicine) describes medical knowledge systems which developed over centuries within various societies It is a body of knowledge distinct from "scientific medicine" and may coexist in the same culture.

The border between normality and illness may be subjective. For example, in some religions, homosexuality is believed to be an illness. A religion is a set of Tenets and practices often centered upon specific Supernatural and moral claims about Reality, the Cosmos Homosexuality refers to sexual behavior with or attraction to people of the same sex or to a Homosexual orientation.

See also

• Convalescence
• Wellness (alternative medicine) is used to mean a healthy balance of the mind-body and spirit that results in an overall feeling of well-being. Convalescence is the gradual recovery of Health and strength after Illness. See also Health Wellness is generally used to mean a Healthy balance of the mind-body and spirit that results in an overall feeling of Well-being.

References

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