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For other uses, see Ilford (disambiguation).
Ilford
Ilford (Greater London)
Ilford

Ilford shown within Greater London
OS grid reference TQ445865
London borough Redbridge
Ceremonial county Greater London
Region London
Constituent country England
Sovereign state United Kingdom
Post town ILFORD
Postcode district IG1
Dialling code 020
Police Metropolitan
Fire London
Ambulance London
European Parliament London
UK Parliament Ilford North
Ilford South
London Assembly Havering and Redbridge
List of places: UK • England • London

Coordinates: 51°33′32″N 0°05′08″E / 51.558807, 0.085459

Ilford is a district of the London Borough of Redbridge. Greater London is the top-level administrative subdivision covering London, England. The British national grid reference system is a system of geographic grid references commonly used in Great Britain, different from using Latitude and Longitude The districts of England are a level of subnational division of England used for the purposes of local government The London Borough of Redbridge ( is a London borough in north east London, England and forms part of Outer London. The ceremonial counties are areas of England that are appointed a Lord-Lieutenant, and are defined by the government as the Counties for the purposes of the Lieutenancies Greater London is the top-level administrative subdivision covering London, England. The region, also known as the government office region, is currently the highest tier of local government sub-national entity of England, with only one Greater London is the top-level administrative subdivision covering London, England. Constituent country is a phrase used often by official institutions in contexts in which a country makes up a part of a larger entity or grouping England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland This list of sovereign states, alphabetically arranged gives an overview of States around the world with information on the extent of their Sovereignty. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located A post town is a required part of all postal addresses in the United Kingdom, and a basic unit of the postal delivery system UK Postal codes are known as postcodes. UK postcodes are Alphanumeric. The IG postcode area, also known as the Ilford postcode area, is a group of 11 postal districts in north east Greater London, which are subdivisions of six Post The UK Telephone numbering plan, also known as the National Telephone Numbering Plan, is the system used for assigning Telephone numbers in the United There are a number of law enforcement agencies in the United Kingdom. "Metropolitan Police" redirects here See also Metropolitan police. The fire service in the United Kingdom operates under separate legislative and administrative arrangements in England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and The London Fire Brigade ( LFB) is the statutory The London Ambulance Service NHS Trust (LAS is the largest "free at the point of contact" ambulance service in the world that does not directly charge its patients London is a Constituency of the European Parliament. It currently elects 9 MEPs using the D'Hondt method of Party-list proportional This is a list of the 646 constituencies currently represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, as at the 2005 general election Ilford North is a Constituency of the Parliament of the United Kingdom comprising the north part of the town of Ilford in the London Borough of Redbridge Ilford South is a Constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Greater London is divided into fourteen territorial constituencies for London Assembly elections each returning one member Havering and Redbridge is a Constituency represented in the London Assembly. A Gazetteer of place names in the United Kingdom showing each place's County, Unitary authority or council area and its geographical coordinates List of places --> List of cities in the United Kingdom List of towns in England Lists of places This is a partial list of places in London, England See List of places in England for lists of settlements in other counties A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. The London Borough of Redbridge ( is a London borough in north east London, England and forms part of Outer London. [1] It is a suburban development situated 9. 1 miles (14. A mile is a unit of Length, usually used to measure Distance, in a number of different systems including Imperial units United States 6 km) east north-east of Charing Cross and one the major metropolitan centres identified in the London Plan. The kilometre ( American spelling: kilometer) symbol km is a unit of Length in the Metric system, equal to one thousand Charing Cross is located at the junction of the Strand, Whitehall and Cockspur Street in Central London, England. The London Plan is a planning document written by the Mayor of London in the United Kingdom and published by the Greater London Authority. [2]

Ilford was historically known as Great Ilford to differentiate it from nearby Little Ilford, in the London Borough of Newham. Little Ilford is a district of London, England in the London Borough of Newham and the name of a ward in that borough The London Borough of Newham ( is a London borough in East London, within Greater London. [3] It is bounded in the west by the North Circular Road and the River Roding and is contiguous with Barking to the south, Gants Hill to the north and Seven Kings to the east. The River Roding is a River in England that rises near Dunmow, flows through Essex and forms Barking Creek as it reaches the River Thames Barking is a suburban town in east London, England and the main district of the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham. Gants Hill is a district in the London Borough of Redbridge in North East London. Seven Kings is a place in east London, England. It is a suburban development in the London Borough of Redbridge and forms part of the Ilford post town

Contents

History of Ilford

Etymology

The name is first recorded in the Domesday Book of 1086 as Ilefort and means ford over the Hyle; an old name for the River Roding that means "trickling stream". The Domesday Book (ˈduːmzdeɪ bʊk also known as Domesday, or Book of Winchester) was the record of the great survey The River Roding is a River in England that rises near Dunmow, flows through Essex and forms Barking Creek as it reaches the River Thames Little Ilford shares the etymology. [3]

Civic history and administration

Main article: Municipal Borough of Ilford

Ilford was a village and later ward in the ancient Barking parish[4], in the Becontree hundred of Essex. Ilford was a local government district in south west Essex, England from 1890 to 1965 covering the parish of Ilford. Barking is a suburban town in east London, England and the main district of the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham. Becontree was an ancient hundred in the south west of the county of Essex, England. Essex is a county in the East of England. The County town is Chelmsford, and the highest point of the county is Chrishall Common [5] Ilford formed a civil parish from 1888, with a local board created in 1890[4], and it became an urban district of Essex from 1894. [5] The council offices were at first in rooms above a shop in Cranbrook Road and, from 1898, council meetings were held in a hired schoolroom in Ilford Hall, High Road, but in 1901 a large town hall, also in the High Road, was completed at a cost of about £30,000. This was designed by B. Woollard in an ornate Renaissance style; it was enlarged in 1927 and 1933[4]. Renaissance architecture is the architecture of the period between the early 15th and early 17th centuries in different regions of Europe in which there was a Successive acts provided the council with increased powers and they used these to embark on an expansion of public services, providing sewerage, public baths, an isolation hospital, a fire station, an electricity and tramway undertaking,[6] and several public parks – including Valentine's Park, opened as Central Park in 1898. Valentines Park is at, the largest Green space in the London Borough of Redbridge, between Ilford and Gants Hill. In 1904, the council also took over the responsibilities of the school board[4].

In 1926, Ilford was incorporated as the Municipal Borough of Ilford. Ilford was a local government district in south west Essex, England from 1890 to 1965 covering the parish of Ilford. In the succeeding years, Ilford Corporation made several failed attempts to gain county borough status,[7] which would have given independence from Essex County Council. Essex is a county in the East of England. The County town is Chelmsford, and the highest point of the county is Chrishall Common In 1965 the municipal borough was abolished[8] and its former area was transferred to Greater London to form part of the London Borough of Redbridge. Greater London is the top-level administrative subdivision covering London, England. [9]

In 1914, the parish of Barking was transferred from the Diocese of St Albans to a new Diocese of Chelmsford, reflecting the increase in population to the east of London. The Diocese of St Albans forms part of the Province of Canterbury in England and is part of the wider Church of England, in turn part of the world-wide The Diocese of Chelmsford is a Church of England Diocese based in Chelmsford, covering Essex and the five east London boroughs

Origins

The only complete skull of a Mammoth discovered in the United Kingdom was unearthed in 1860 at the site where Boots the Chemist now stands in the High Road; the skull can now be seen in the Natural History Museum. A mammoth is any Species of the Extinct Genus Mammuthus. These Proboscideans are members of the elephant family and This article is about a former British company which has now merged to form Alliance Boots, as a result information on this page may be out of date The Natural History Museum is one of three large Museums on Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London (the others are the Science Museum

Redevelopment has destroyed much of the evidence for early Ilford, but the oldest evidence for human occupation is the 1st and 2nd century BC Iron Age earthwork known as Uphall Camp. This article is about the archaeological period known as the Iron Age for the mythological Iron Age see Ages of Man. This was situated between the Roding and Ilford Lane and is recorded in 18th century plans[4]. Roman finds have also been made in the vicinity[10]. Roman Britain refers to those parts of the island of Great Britain controlled by the Roman Empire between AD 43 and 410 A nearby mound called Lavender Mount existed into the 1960s, when it was removed during building work at Howards chemical works. Excavation has shown that the latter may have been a 16th century 'beacon-mound'.

Ilford straddled the important road from London to Colchester, again likely to be of Roman origin, and also (in historic times) was the main crossing point of the marshes, providing the only land access from London to Barking and Tilbury. Colchester ( /ˈkəʊltʃɛstə/ is a town and the largest settlement within the borough of Colchester, in Essex, England. Barking is a suburban town in east London, England and the main district of the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham. Tilbury is a town in the borough of Thurrock, Essex, England. Barking was the site of Barking Abbey, an important Christian centre from 666AD, and a major fishing port from the Middle Ages. Tilbury achieved importance in the Tudor era as a fort, and later as a port. Social and economic revolution Following the Black Death Plagues and the agricultural depression of the late 14th century population growth The Middlesex and Essex Turnpike Trust controlled and maintained this road from 1721. The River Roding was also made navigable for barges as far as Ilford Bridge from 1737[10]. The River Roding is a River in England that rises near Dunmow, flows through Essex and forms Barking Creek as it reaches the River Thames

Development

By 1653, Ilford was a compact village of 50 houses, mostly sited north and south of the current Broadway[4] and the area was distinctly rural.

In 1801 the population of Ilford was 1,724 and by 1841 it had grown to 3,742[4]. It had a population of 41,244 in 1901 and occupied an area of 8,496 acres (34 km²). [11] 2,500 houses of the vast Becontree Estate, built by the London County Council from 1921, were within the boundaries of Ilford; the addition caused a rise in population of 11,600 by 1926[4] and the population peaked in 1951 at 184,706. Becontree is a place in the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham in East London, east north-east of Charing Cross. London County Council (LCC was the principal local government body for the County of London, throughout its 1889-1965 existence and the first London-wide general municipal In 1961 the population was 178,024. [11]

Year[4] 1921 1931 1938[12] 1951 1961
Dwellings 17,797 30,404 - 50,209 53,800
Population 85,194 131,061 166,900 184,706 178,024

Population of Ilford

South Asians

Ilford has a large population of Hindus, Muslims and Sikhs numbering some 30,000. The South Asian community in Ilford speak a variety of languages, including Gujarati, Hindi, Punjabi and Urdu. [13][14]

Notable events

Kensington Gardens was the location of the 1922 murder of Percy Thompson by Edith Thompson and Frederick Bywaters. Edith Jessie Thompson ( 25 December, 1893 &ndash 9 January, 1923) and Frederick Edward Francis Bywaters ( 27 June,

Commerce

Ilford was largely rural until its expansion in the 19th century. This expansion brought about brickworks, cement works and coal yards to service the new buildings, largely centred on the River Roding. These businesses gave way to new industries, such as paper making (commemorated in Mill Lane) and services such as steam laundries and collar making to provide for the new commuting class created by the railway[4].

Ilford photographic

A number of major businesses have been founded in the town, including the eponymous photographic film and chemicals manufacturer Ilford Photo. This article is mainly concerned with Still photography film For Motion picture film please see Film stock. Ilford Photo is a maker of Photographic films paper, and chemicals [15] This was founded in 1879 by Alfred H. Harman, a photographer from Peckham, who established the business in a house in Cranbook Road making gelatino-bromide 'dry' plates[4]. This article is about the South London town For the villages in Kent see East Peckham and West Peckham. The business soon outgrew these premises, and their headquarters moved to a site at Roden Street which was demolished during the early 1980s to make way for a new one way traffic system to help with the town's traffic problem. A supermarket now stands on the former site.

Plessey

A major employer in Ilford was the radio, electronics and telecommunications company Plessey. The Plessey Company plc was a British -based international electronics defence and telecommunications company [16] Founded in 1917 in Marylebone, it moved to Cottenham Road in Ilford early in 1919 then to Vicarage Lane where it remained, becoming one of the largest manufacturers in this field. Marylebone (sometimes written St Marylebone or Mary-le-bone, or in archaic use Marybone) is an area of central London, England in

During World War II, the factory was heavily damaged by bombing and the company carried out much of its manufacture, with 2000 workers servicing a production line, located in the underground railway tunnel between Wanstead and Gants Hill[4]. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Wanstead is a suburban area in the London Borough of Redbridge, East London. Gants Hill is a district in the London Borough of Redbridge in North East London.

In 1955, the company employed 15,000 workers, in sites throughout Ilford and neighbouring areas, with an extensive research department[4]. Plessey were partners in the development of the Atlas Computer in 1962, and later applied this expertise in developing the System X for the Post Office. The Atlas Computer of the University of Manchester, England became operational in 1962 as a joint development between the University Ferranti and Plessey System X was the name of the UK's first national Digital Telephone exchange system The company merged with GEC in 1988, and was acquired by Siemens in 1989, but the site was closed nine years later when the company was reorganised, as part of Marconi plc. telent plc is a Radio, Telecommunication, and Internet systems installation & services provision company.

Politics

Ilford is represented in the House of Commons by MPs Lee Scott (Conservative, Ilford North) and Mike Gapes (Labour, Ilford South). The House of Commons' is the Lower house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, which also comprises the Sovereign and the House of Lords A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a Parliament. Lee Scott (born April 6, 1956) is a British Politician. He is the Conservative Member of Parliament for Ilford North The Conservative Party (officially the Conservative and Unionist Party) is a Political party in the United Kingdom. Ilford North is a Constituency of the Parliament of the United Kingdom comprising the north part of the town of Ilford in the London Borough of Redbridge The Labour Party is a Political party in the United Kingdom. Founded at the start of the 20th century it has been since the 1920s the principal party of the Ilford South is a Constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It is part of the Havering and Redbridge London Assembly constituency. Havering and Redbridge is a Constituency represented in the London Assembly.

Sport

The local football team is Ilford F.C., which has existed in two separate guises, and now play at Cricklefield Stadium, a venue that was used for some of the football events during the 1948 Summer Olympics. Ilford FC are a London football club based in Ilford in the London Borough of Redbridge founded in 1987. Ilford FC are a London football club based in Ilford in the London Borough of Redbridge founded in 1987. The 1948 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XIV Olympiad, were an International Multi-sport event which was held in London

Transport

Ilford is a hub on the London Buses network. London Buses is the subsidiary of Transport for London (TfL that manages bus services within Greater London, UK. [17] Its main rail service is from Ilford railway station and there is also a station at Seven Kings. Ilford railway station is a suburban National Rail station located in Ilford in the London Borough of Redbridge. Seven Kings railway station is a Railway station at Seven Kings in the London Borough of Redbridge in East London. There are tube stations to the north at Gants Hill, Redbridge and Newbury Park and to the south at Barking. Gants Hill tube station is a London Underground station in Gants Hill, in the London Borough of Redbridge. Redbridge tube station is a London Underground station in Redbridge, on the Hainault Loop of the Central line, in Zone 4. Newbury Park tube station is a London Underground station in Newbury Park, in the London Borough of Redbridge. Barking station is a railway station served by National Rail, London Underground and London Overground services

Nearest places

Famous births

See also: Category:People from Ilford

References

  1. ^ Redbridge London Borough Council, Ilford objectives. The Bus Station Loonies are a 'cabaret punk ' band from Plymouth, UK 12 Feb 2007.
  2. ^ The London Plan - East London Sub Regional Development Framework (PDF)
  3. ^ a b Mills, A. , Oxford Dictionary of London Place Names, (2001)
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m 'The borough of Ilford', A History of the County of Essex: Volume 5 (1966), pp. 249-66 accessed: 25 May 2007
  5. ^ a b Vision of Britain - Ilford parish history (historic map)
  6. ^ Reed, J. , London Tramways, (1997)
  7. ^ Fifth attempt to raise status, The Times, June 9, 1954
  8. ^ London Government Act 1963
  9. ^ Vision of Britain - Ilford UD/MB (historic map)
  10. ^ a b 'The ancient parish of Barking: Introduction', A History of the County of Essex: Volume 5 (1966), pp. 184-90 accessed: 26 May 2007
  11. ^ a b Vision of Britain - Ilford population and area
  12. ^ No census was carried out in 1941 due to WWII, this figure is an estimate
  13. ^ South Asian Development Partnership - Research, UK-Asian Population Report
  14. ^ http://www.thinklondon.com/downloads/london_communities/apac_india/D3_communities_indian.pdf
  15. ^ Photographic Memorabilia - Ilford Films Chronology
  16. ^ Freshwater - History of Plessey
  17. ^ Transport for London - Buses from Ilford
  18. ^ Interview with Diana Scarisbrick, Apollo Magazine, May 2006

Further reading

External links

The Times is a daily national Newspaper published in the United Kingdom since 1785 when it was known as The Daily Universal Register. Events 53 - Roman Emperor Nero marries Claudia Octavia 62 - Claudia Octavia commits Year 1954 ( MCMLIV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1954 Gregorian calendar) The London Government Act 1963 (1963 c 33 is an act of the UK parliament, which recognised officially the Conurbation known as Greater London
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