Saint Ignatius of Loyola
Confessor
Born	24 December 1491(1491-12-24), Loyola (Azpeitia)
Died	31 July 1556 (aged 64), Rome
Venerated in	Catholic Church
Beatified	27 July 1609 by Paul V
Canonized	12 March 1622, Roma by Gregory XV
Feast	31 July
Attributes	Eucharist, chasuble, book, cross
Patronage	Spiritual Exercises , Basque country , Dioceses of Donostia and Bilbao, Spain , Military Ordinariate of the Philippines , Society of Jesus , soldiers , Biscay
Saints Portal

Life of St. Events 563 - The Byzantine church Hagia Sophia in Constantinople is dedicated for the second time after being destroyed by Earthquakes Loyola may refer to People Ignatius of Loyola, a Catholic saint Martín Ignacio de Loyola, Franciscan friar and circumnavigator Azpeitia is a town and Municipality within the province of Gipuzkoa, in the Basque Country, located on the Urola River a few kilometers Events 30 BC - Battle of Alexandria: Mark Antony achieves a minor victory over Octavian 's forces but most of his army subsequently Rome ( Roma ˈroma Roma is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city with more than 2 Beatification (from Latin beatus, blessed via Greek μακάριος makarios) is a recognition accorded by the Catholic church Events 1214 - Battle of Bouvines: In France, Philip II of France defeats John of England. For Napoleon's brother-in-law see Camillo Filippo Ludovico Borghese. Canonization is the act by which a particular Christian church declares a deceased person to be a Saint and is included in the canon or list of recognized saints Events 538 - Witiges, king of the Ostrogoths ends his siege of Rome and retreats to Ravenna, leaving Pope Gregory XV ( January 9 or January 15, 1554 – July 8, 1623) born Alessandro Ludovisi, was pope from 1621 succeeding The Calendar of saints is a traditional Christian method of organizing a Liturgical year on the level of days by associating each day with one or more Saints Events 30 BC - Battle of Alexandria: Mark Antony achieves a minor victory over Octavian 's forces but most of his army subsequently Christianity has used symbols from its very beginnings Each Saint has a story and a reason why he or she led an exemplary life The Eucharist, also called Holy Communion or Lord's Supper and other names is a Christian Sacrament by which in a common interpretation those The chasuble is the outermost liturgical Vestment worn by Clergy for the celebration of the Eucharist in Western-tradition Christian A Book is a set or collection of written printed illustrated or blank sheets made of Paper, Parchment, or other material usually fastened together The patron saint of a particular group of people is a Saint who would protect and 'love' the group and its members Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. The Philippines ( Filipino: Pilipinas, officially known as the Republic of the Philippines (fil ''Republika ng Pilipinas'' RP The Society of Jesus ( Latin: Societas Iesu, SJ and SI or SJ, SI) is a Catholic religious order A soldier is a general English term that refers to a member of a land component of National Armed forces. Population Of the 1133444 people who live in Biscay about 35% live in the capital Bilbao and 88% in its metropolitan area. Ignatius of Loyola [1] view • talk • edit

Society of Jesus

History of the Jesuits Regimini militantis Suppresion Jesuit Hierarchy Superior General Adolfo Nicolás Ignatian Spirituality Spiritual Exercises Ad maiorem Dei gloriam Magis Discernment Famous Jesuits St. The Society of Jesus ( Latin: Societas Iesu, SJ and SI or SJ, SI) is a Catholic religious order Christianity ( Greek Χριστιανισμός from the word Xριστός ( Christ)is a monotheistic Religion centered on the life and teachings Regimini militantis Ecclesiae (Latin for To the Government of the Church Militant) was the Papal bull promulgated by Pope Paul III on September The Suppression of the Jesuits in Portugal, France, the Two Sicilies, Parma and the Spanish Empire by 1767 was a result The Superior General of the Society of Jesus is the official title of the leader of the Society of Jesus &mdashthe Roman Catholic religious order also known Reverend Father Adolfo Nicolás Pachón, SJ, STD (born April 29, 1936) is a Spanish priest The Spiritual Exercises of Ignatius of Loyola, (written within 1522-1524 are a brief set of Meditations Prayers and mental exercises available in various Ad maiorem Dei gloriam or ad majorem Dei gloriam (when an "i" functions as a consonant Magis (pronounced "màh-gis" is a Jesuit phrase that means "the more" Discernment is a term used in Christian tradition to describe the process of discerning God 's Will for one's life This is an incomplete list of famous members of the Society of Jesus. Ignatius of Loyola St. Francis Xavier Blessed Peter Faber St. Aloysius Gonzaga St. Robert Bellarmine St. Peter Canisius St. Edmund Campion

Saint Ignatius redirects here; for other Saints, see Ignatius. Saint Francis Xavier ( Konkani / Konknni: Sam Fransisku Xavier/ Sanv Fransisk Xavier Basque: San Frantzisko Xabierkoa Spanish: San Francisco Saint Aloysius Gonzaga ( Italian: Luigi Gonzaga, Portuguese and Spanish: Luís de Gonzaga, March 9, 1568 &ndash Robert Bellarmine ( Roberto Francesco Romolo Cardinale Bellarmino) (4 October 1542 Montepulciano, Siena, Italy – 17 September 1621 Saint Petrus Canisius ( May 8, 1521 &ndash December 21, 1597) was an important Jesuit who fought against the spread of Protestantism Saint Edmund Campion SJ ( January 24 1540 &ndash December 1 1581) was an English Jesuit priest

Saint Ignatius of Loyola, also known as Íñigo Oñaz López de Loyola (before October 23, 1491 – July 31, 1556), was the principal founder and first Superior General of the Society of Jesus, a religious order of the Catholic Church professing direct service to the Pope in terms of mission. Events 4004 BC - Creation of the world begins according to the calculations of Archbishop James Ussher 42 BC - Events 30 BC - Battle of Alexandria: Mark Antony achieves a minor victory over Octavian 's forces but most of his army subsequently The Superior General of the Society of Jesus is the official title of the leader of the Society of Jesus &mdashthe Roman Catholic religious order also known The Society of Jesus ( Latin: Societas Iesu, SJ and SI or SJ, SI) is a Catholic religious order A religious order is a lineage of communities and organizations of people who live in some way set apart from society in accordance with their specific religious devotion usually History See also History of the Papacy Catholics recognize the Pope as a successor to Saint Peter, who Jesus named as the "shepherd" and Members of the order are called Jesuits. The Society of Jesus ( Latin: Societas Iesu, SJ and SI or SJ, SI) is a Catholic religious order

The compiler of the Spiritual Exercises and a gifted spiritual director, Ignatius has been described by Pope Benedict XVI as being above all a man of God, who gave the first place of his life to God and a man of profound prayer. The Spiritual Exercises of Ignatius of Loyola, (written within 1522-1524 are a brief set of Meditations Prayers and mental exercises available in various Pope Benedict XVI ( Latin: Benedictus PP XVI; Italian: Benedetto XVI; German: Benedikt XVI; born Joseph Alois Ratzinger ^[2] He was very active in fighting the Protestant Reformation and promoting the subsequent Counter-Reformation. The Protestant Reformation was a reform movement in Europe that began in 1517 though its roots lie further back in time The Counter-Reformation (also Catholic Reformation denotes the period of Catholic revival from the pontificate of Pope Pius IV in 1560 to the close of the He was beatified and then canonized to receive the title of Saint on March 12, 1622. Beatification (from Latin beatus, blessed via Greek μακάριος makarios) is a recognition accorded by the Catholic church Canonization is the act by which a particular Christian church declares a deceased person to be a Saint and is included in the canon or list of recognized saints A saint (from the Latin sanctus) is a human being to whom has been attributed (and who has generally demonstrated a high level of Holiness and Sanctity Events 538 - Witiges, king of the Ostrogoths ends his siege of Rome and retreats to Ravenna, leaving His feast day is July 31, celebrated annually. The Calendar of saints is a traditional Christian method of organizing a Liturgical year on the level of days by associating each day with one or more Saints Events 30 BC - Battle of Alexandria: Mark Antony achieves a minor victory over Octavian 's forces but most of his army subsequently He is the patron saint of Guipúzcoa as well as of the Society of Jesus. The patron saint of a particular group of people is a Saint who would protect and 'love' the group and its members Guipúzcoa ( Spanish) or Gipuzkoa ( Basque and official is a province of the Basque Country, in Spain. The Society of Jesus ( Latin: Societas Iesu, SJ and SI or SJ, SI) is a Catholic religious order

Contents 1 Early life 2 Religious aspiration places 3 Foundation of the Society of Jesus 3.1 Position on anti-Semitism 4 Father General of the Jesuits 5 Canonization and legacy 6 Genealogy[8] 7 Portrayals 8 References 9 Bibliography 10 External links 11 See also

Early life

Íñigo Lopez de Recalde was born in the municipality of Azpeitia at the castle of Loyola in the Kingdom of Navarre, in today's Basque province of Guipúzcoa, Spain^[3]. Azpeitia is a town and Municipality within the province of Gipuzkoa, in the Basque Country, located on the Urola River a few kilometers Loyola may refer to People Ignatius of Loyola, a Catholic saint Martín Ignacio de Loyola, Franciscan friar and circumnavigator The Kingdom of Navarre (Reino de Navarra Nafarroako Erresuma Royaume de Navarre originally the Kingdom of Pamplona, was a European kingdom which occupied lands on either Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. The youngest of 13 children, Ignatius was only seven years old when his mother died. In 1506, Íñigo adopted the last name "de Loyola" in reference of the city where he was born and later became a page in the service of a relative, Juan Velázquez de Cuéllar, treasurer (contador mayor) of the kingdom of Castile. A page or page boy is a traditionally young male servant. The medieval page In medieval times, a page was an attendant to a Knight The Crown of Castile, as a historic entity is usually considered to have begun in 1230 with the third and definitive union of the two kingdoms of León and Castile

In 1509, Íñigo took up arms for Antonio Manrique de Lara, Duke of Nájera and Viceroy of Navarre. Nájera (Naiara is a small city located in the "Rioja Alta" district of La Rioja, Spain on the river Najerilla According to Thomas Rochford sj. , his diplomacy and leadership qualities made him a gentilhombre ^[4] very useful to the Duke. ^[5] Under the Duke's leadership, he participated in many battles without injury to himself. But when the French army, supporting the Navarrese monarchy expelled in 1512, stormed the Pamplona's fortress on May 20, 1521, a cannonball shot wounded one of his legs and broke the other. Round shot is an obsolete solid Projectile without explosive charge fired from Small arms or Cannons As the name implies round shot is spherical ^[5] Heavily injured, Íñigo was returned to his castle. He was very concerned about the injuries on his leg, and he was exposed (by his own decision) to several surgical operations, which were, at that time, very painful processes.

Religious aspiration places

During the time he was recovering, Ignatius read a number of religious texts on the life of Jesus and the saints and became fired with an ambition to lead a life of self-denying labor and emulate the heroic deeds of Francis of Assisi and other great monastic leaders. Jesus of Nazareth (7–2 BC / BCE —26–36 AD / CE) A saint (from the Latin sanctus) is a human being to whom has been attributed (and who has generally demonstrated a high level of Holiness and Sanctity For the opera by Olivier Messiaen see Saint-François d'Assise. He resolved to devote himself to the conversion of non-Christians in the Holy Land. The Holy Land ( Arabic: الأرض المقدسة al-Arḍ ul-Muqaddasah;Ancient Aramaic: ארעא קדישא Ar'a Qaddisha; Hebrew: ארץ_הקודש Upon recovery, he visited the Benedictine monastery of Montserrat (March 25, 1522), where he hung his military vestments before an image of the Virgin. Santa Maria de Montserrat is a Benedictine Abbey located in the Montserrat mountain in Monistrol de Montserrat, in Catalonia Events 1199 - Richard I is wounded by a crossbow bolt while fighting France which leads to his death on April 6. He then went and spent several months in a cave near the town of Manresa, Catalonia where he practiced the most rigorous asceticism. Manresa is the capital of the Bages comarca (county, located in the geographic centre of Catalonia, Spain, and crossed by the river Catalonia (Cataluña Catalunya Aranese: Catalonha) is an Autonomous Community in the northeast part of Spain. Ascetic redirects here You might also be looking for Acetic acid. He begged his journey to the Holy Land, as a way of self denial and sacrifice. After that, he studied at the ascetic Collège de Montaigu of the University of Paris, where he remained over seven years. The Collège de Montaigu was one of the constituent Colleges of the Faculty of Arts of the University of Paris. The historic University of Paris (Université de Paris first appeared in the second half of the 13th century In later life, he was often called "Master Ignatius" in recognition of his final academic credential. While in Paris, his spiritual preaching granted him some attention from the French Inquisition.

By 1534 he had six key companions, all of whom he met as students at the University—Francis Xavier, Alfonso Salmerons, Diego Laynez, and Nicholas Bobadilla, all Spanish; Peter Faber, a Frenchman; and Simão Rodrigues of Portugal. Saint Francis Xavier ( Konkani / Konknni: Sam Fransisku Xavier/ Sanv Fransisk Xavier Basque: San Frantzisko Xabierkoa Spanish: San Francisco Several spellings of his names (James Jacob Laines Laynez Lainez are in use and some of them can be found in other Wikipedia articles Diego Laynez (or Lainez Nicolas Bobadilla (1511 - 1590 was one of the first Jesuits. He was born in Valencia, Spain, and was educated in his own country and in France Simão Rodrigues de Azevedo (1510 Viseu, Portugal - 15 June 1579 Lisbon) was a Portuguese Jesuit priest,, one of the co-founders of the Later on he would be joined by nobles like Francisco de Borja, a member of the Borgia familiy, who was the main aide of Emperor Charles V. Saint Francis Borgia (San Francisco de Borja ( October 28 1510, Gandia, Valencia, Kingdom of Spain - September 30 Charles V may refer to Charles V of France Charles V Holy Roman Emperor Charles V Duke of Lorraine

Ignatius Loyola was the main creator and initial Superior General of the Society of Jesus, a religious organization of the Catholic Church which agreed straight service to the Pope in conditions of mission. The Society of Jesus ( Latin: Societas Iesu, SJ and SI or SJ, SI) is a Catholic religious order The Members of the organization are called Jesuits. He is famous as the gatherer of the Spiritual Exercises, and he is kept in mind as a talented spiritual director. He was very vigorous in fighting the Protestant Reformation and promoting the following Counter-Reformation. He was beatified and then canonized and received the title of Saint on March 12, 1622. He is the patron saint of the state of Guipúzcoa as along with the Society of Jesus.

Ignatius Loyola wrote Spiritual Exercises from 1522-1524, the publication is a simple set of meditations, prayers, and various other mental exercises. The exercises of the book were designed to be carried out over a period of 28-30 days. The book was 200 pages and was designed to enhance and strengthen a person's faith experience in Roman Catholic Church manners.

Foundation of the Society of Jesus

On August 15, 1534, he and the other six met in the crypt of the Chapel of St. Events 778 - The Battle of Roncevaux Pass, at which Roland is killed Denis on, Montmartre in Paris and founded the Society of Jesus - "to enter upon hospital and missionary work in Jerusalem, or to go without questioning wherever the pope might direct". Montmartre is a hill (the butte Montmartre) which is 130 metres high giving its name to the surrounding district in the north of Paris in the 18th Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city Jerusalem (יְרוּשָׁלַיִם, he-Latn Yerushaláyim; Arabic: ar القُدس, ar-Latn al-Quds) is the In 1537 they traveled to Italy to seek papal approval for their order. Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest While in Venice, they attended those affected by the plague. Pope Paul III confirmed the order through the bull Regimini militantis (September 27, 1540), but limited the number of its members to sixty. Pope Paul III ( February 29, 1468 &ndash November 10, 1549) born Alessandro Farnese, was Pope of the Roman A Papal bull is a particular type of Letters patent or charter issued by a Pope. Regimini militantis Ecclesiae (Latin for To the Government of the Church Militant) was the Papal bull promulgated by Pope Paul III on September Events 489 - Odoacer attacks Theodoric at the Battle of Verona and is defeated again This limitation was removed through the bull Injunctum nobis on March 14, 1543. A Papal bull is a particular type of Letters patent or charter issued by a Pope. Events 1489 - The Queen of Cyprus, Catherine Cornaro, sells her kingdom to Venice.

Position on anti-Semitism

Ignatius Loyala was opposed to the anti-Semitic attitudes that were common in Spain in his day. He refused to allow the Society of Jesus to discriminate against conversos who wished to join. Conversos ( Spanish and Portuguese for "a convert" from Latin conversus, "converted turned around" and its feminine form He disparaged the Spanish insistence on limpieza de sangre, (purity of blood, meaning, the idea of discriminating against Catholics of Jewish ancestry,) referring to it as el humor espanol (the Spanish whim). ^[6]

Father General of the Jesuits

Ignatius was chosen as the first Superior General of his religious order, invested with the title of Father General by the Jesuits. The Superior General of the Society of Jesus is the official title of the leader of the Society of Jesus &mdashthe Roman Catholic religious order also known He sent his companions as missionaries around Europe to create schools, colleges, and seminaries. Juan de Vega, the ambassador of Charles V at Rome had met Ignatius there. Juan de Vega was an Ambassador of Charles V Holy Roman Emperor. Charles V (24 February 1500 &ndash 21 September 1558 was Esteeming him and the Jesuits, when Vega was appointed Viceroy of Sicily he brought Jesuits with him. A Jesuit college was opened at Messina; success was marked, and its rules and methods were afterwards copied in other colleges. ^[7] In 1548 Spiritual Exercises was finally printed, and he was briefly brought before the Roman Inquisition, but was released. The Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith (CDF ( Congregatio pro Doctrina Fidei) previously known as the Supreme Sacred Congregation of the Holy Office,

Ignatius wrote the Jesuit Constitutions, adopted in 1554, which created a monarchical organization and stressed absolute self-abnegation and obedience to Pope and superiors (perinde ac cadaver, "well-disciplined like a corpse" as Ignatius put it). His main principle became the Jesuit motto: Ad Maiorem Dei Gloriam ("for the greater glory of God"). Ad maiorem Dei gloriam or ad majorem Dei gloriam (when an "i" functions as a consonant The Jesuits were a major factor in the Counter-Reformation. The Counter-Reformation (also Catholic Reformation denotes the period of Catholic revival from the pontificate of Pope Pius IV in 1560 to the close of the

During 1553-1555 Ignatius dictated his life's story to his secretary, Father Gonçalves da Câmara. This autobiography is a valuable key for the understanding of his Spiritual Exercises. It was kept in the archives for about 150 years, until the Bollandists published the text in Acta Sanctorum. The Bollandists are an association of scholars - originally all Jesuit, but now including non-Jesuits -- philologists and historians -- who since the early seventeenth century Acta Sanctorum ( Acts of the Saints ' is an encyclopedic text in 68 folio volumes of documents examining the lives of Christian saints in essence a critical A critical edition exists in Vol. I (1943) of the Fontes Narrativi of the series Monumenta Historica Societatis Iesu. He died in Rome on July 31, 1556 after a long struggle with chronic stomach ailments. Events 30 BC - Battle of Alexandria: Mark Antony achieves a minor victory over Octavian 's forces but most of his army subsequently

Canonization and legacy

Ignatius was beatified by Paul V on July 27, 1609, and canonized by Gregory XV on March 12, 1622. For Napoleon's brother-in-law see Camillo Filippo Ludovico Borghese. Canonization is the act by which a particular Christian church declares a deceased person to be a Saint and is included in the canon or list of recognized saints Pope Gregory XV ( January 9 or January 15, 1554 – July 8, 1623) born Alessandro Ludovisi, was pope from 1621 succeeding His feast day is celebrated annually on July 31, the day he died. Saint Ignatius is venerated as the patron saint of Catholic soldiers, the ordinariate of the Philippine military, the Basque country and various towns and cities in his native region.

On April 22, 2006, Feast of Our Lady, Mother of the Society of Jesus, Pope Benedict XVI said that "St Ignatius of Loyola institutions, are dedicated to St Ignatius. Pope Benedict XVI ( Latin: Benedictus PP XVI; Italian: Benedetto XVI; German: Benedikt XVI; born Joseph Alois Ratzinger " Perhaps the most famous of them is Basilica of St Ignacius Loyola built next to the house where he was born in Azpeitia, the Basque Country. The Latin word basilica (derived from Greek, Basiliké Stoà, Royal Stoa) was originally used to describe a Roman Azpeitia is a town and Municipality within the province of Gipuzkoa, in the Basque Country, located on the Urola River a few kilometers The house itself, now a museum, is incorporated into the basilica complex.

Genealogy^[8]

Lope de Oñaz (~1180)
  ├ García López de Oñaz (~1221)
     ├ López García de Oñaz
        wife: Inés, dame of Loyola – unit of families (~1261)
         ├ daughter: Inés de Oñaz y Loyola (~end of XIII c. )
            husband: Juan Pérez (related)
            ├  Jaun (Basque - Lord) Juan Pérez
            ├  Gil López de Oñaz
            ├  other 5 brothers (see – battle of Beotibar)
                 Beltrán Yáñez (vel Ibáñez) de Loyola, son of Jaun Juan (+1405)
                 wife: Ochanda Martínez de Leete from Azpeitia 
                     ├ Sancha Ibáñez de Loyola
                     |  husband: Lope García de Lazcano
                     |  married: 4 III 1413
                     ├ heir: Juan Pérez de Loyola (d. Basque ( native name: euskara) is the Language spoken by the Basque people who inhabit the Pyrenees in North-Central Spain Beotibar. Spanish locality near Tolosa in the Guipuscoa province of northern Spain, in the northeastern part of the Autonomous community of  childless, heirdom for Sancha)
                     ├ Maria Beltranche
                     ├ Elvira
                     ├ Emilia
                     ├ Juanecha
                              Juan Pérez de Loyola, son of Sancha Ibáñez (+ in Tolosa)
                              wife: Sancha Pérez de Iraeta (+1473)
                                 ├ Don Beltrán Yáñez (vel Ibáñez) de Oñaz y Loyola (+ 23 X 1507)
                                   wife: Doña Marina Sáenz (vel Sánchez) de Licona (+ < 6 V 1508)
                                   married: 13 VII 1467 r. 
                13 children:
1.  Juan Pérez de Loyola (+1503 in Naples)
2.  heir – Don Martín García de Oñaz y Loyola (1477 – 29 XI 1538)Strike-through text
              wife: Magdalena de Araoz 
              married: 11 IX 1498
    * – order uncertain
*.  Ochoa Pérez de Loyola
*.  Juan Beltrán de Loyola
*.  Beltrán de Loyola (+ < 14 XI 1527)
*.  Hernando de Loyola (+ in Panama, New World)
*.  Pero López de Oñaz y Loyola (priest, + < VII 1529 in Barcelona)
*.  Juaniza (vel Joaneiza) de Loyola, wife of Juan Marínez de Alzaga, notary from Azpeitia
*.  Magdalena de Loyola, wife of Juan López de Gallaiztegui, notary from Anzuola
*.  Sancha Ibáñez de Loyola
*.  Petronila de Loyola, wife of Pedro Ochoa de Arriola
*.  Maria Beltrán de Loyola, wife of Domingo de Arruado
13.  Iñigo López de Loyola (< 23 X 1491 – 31 VII 1556)

Portrayals

• John Donne's anti-Catholic work Ignatius His Conclave (1611) satirizes the Jesuits. John Donne (pronounced like done, dʌn 1572 – 31 March 1631 was a Jacobean poet preacher and a major representative of the Metaphysical poets Anti-Catholicism is a generic term for Discrimination, hostility or Prejudice directed at the Roman Catholic Church or its followers Ignatius His Conclave ( Latin: Conclave ignati) is a 1611 work by 16th century Metaphysical Poet John Donne Satire is often strictly defined as a literary genre or form; although in practice it is also found in the graphic and Performing arts In satire human The Society of Jesus ( Latin: Societas Iesu, SJ and SI or SJ, SI) is a Catholic religious order In the story, St. Ignatius of Loyola is an inhabitant of Hell:

But Ignatius Layola which was got neere his chaire, a subtile fellow, and so indued with the Divell, that he was able to tempt, and not onely that, but (as they say) even to possesse the Divell, apprehended this perplexity in Lucifer. Hell, according to many Religious beliefs, is a location in the Afterlife, which may be described as a place of suffering ^[9]

Ignatius is subsequently ejected from Hell and ordered to colonize the moon where he will do less harm.

• St Ignatius is a principal character of the opera Four Saints in Three Acts by composer Virgil Thomson and librettist Gertrude Stein. Four Saints in Three Acts is an Opera by American composer Virgil Thomson with a Libretto by Gertrude Stein. For the American author with a similar name see Virgil Thompson (author Virgil Thomson ( November 25, 1896 - September Gertrude Stein ( February 3, 1874 &ndash July 27, 1946) was an American Writer who spent most of her life in France

Preceded by None

Superior General of the Society of Jesus 1540–1556

Succeeded by Diego Lainez

References

Bibliography

Primary

• The Spiritual Exercises of Saint Ignatius (Translated by Anthony Mottola, Ph. D), Doubleday, 1964. The Doubleday Publishing Group is the fifth largest Book Publishing company in the world ISBN 978-0-385-02436-5
• Loyola, (St. ) Ignatius (1900). The Autobiography of St. Ignatius Loyola, translated by Joseph O'Conner. Illustrated. From Internet Archive. The Internet Archive ( IA) is a Nonprofit organization dedicated to maintaining an on-line Library and archive of Web and ^[1]
• Loyola, (St. ) Ignatius (1992). The Autobiography of St. Ignatius Loyola, with Related Documents (J. F. O'Callaghan, Trans). New York: Fordham University Press. ISBN 0-8232-1480-X.

Secondary

• Bartoli, Daniello (1855). History of the Life and Institute of St. Ignatius de Loyola: Founder of the Society of Jesus. New York: Edward Dunigan and Brother.  
• Caraman, Philip (1990). Ignatius Loyola: A Biography of the Founder of the Jesuits. San Francisco, CA: Harper & Row. ISBN 0-06-250130-5.
• O'Malley, John W (1993). The First Jesuits. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. ISBN 0-674-30312-1.
• Meissner, William W (1992). Ignatius of Loyola: The Psychology of a Saint. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. ISBN 0-300-06079-3.

External links

• Biography of Ignatius of Loyola
• The world of Ignatius of Loyola
• Letters of St. Ignatius of Loyola
• "St. Ignatius Loyola". Catholic Encyclopedia. The Catholic Encyclopedia, also referred to today as the Old Catholic Encyclopedia, is an English-language Encyclopedia published by The Encyclopedia (1913).  
• St. Ignatius Loyola and Opus Dei
• "Contemplation to Attain Love", by Ignatius of Loyola
• The Goa Jesuit Province of the Society of Jesus
• Founder Statue in St Peter's Basilica

See also

• Martín Ignacio de Loyola
• List of Christian mystics
• Christian mysticism
• Spiritual Exercises of Ignatius of Loyola
• Madeleine d'Houet foundress of the Sisters, Faithful Companions of Jesus

Persondata
NAME	Loyola, Saint Ignatius of
ALTERNATIVE NAMES
SHORT DESCRIPTION	Saint Ignatius of Loyola, also known as Ignacio (Íñigo) López de Loyola (December 24, 1491 – July 31, 1556), was the principal founder and first Superior General of the Society of Jesus, a religious order of the Roman Catholic Church. Martín Ignacio Martínez de Mallea known as Martín Ignacio de Loyola, ( Eibar, Basque Country, Spain, c Not everyone listed here is Christian or a mystic, but all have contributed to the Christian understanding of connection to and/or direct experience of God. Christian Mysticism is traditionally practised through the disciplines of Prayer (including oratio meditation and Contemplation The Spiritual Exercises of Ignatius of Loyola, (written within 1522-1524 are a brief set of Meditations Prayers and mental exercises available in various Venerable Madeleine d'Houet, (born "Marie Madeleine de Bonnault d'Hoüet" inspired by zeal for God and Ignatian spirituality founded the The Faithful Companions of Jesus Sisters (FCJ Sisters was founded in Amiens in France in 1820 by Marie
DATE OF BIRTH	24 December 1491(1491-12-24)
PLACE OF BIRTH	Loyola (Azpeitia)
DATE OF DEATH	31 July 1556 (aged 64)
PLACE OF DEATH	Rome

Events 563 - The Byzantine church Hagia Sophia in Constantinople is dedicated for the second time after being destroyed by Earthquakes Loyola may refer to People Ignatius of Loyola, a Catholic saint Martín Ignacio de Loyola, Franciscan friar and circumnavigator Azpeitia is a town and Municipality within the province of Gipuzkoa, in the Basque Country, located on the Urola River a few kilometers Events 30 BC - Battle of Alexandria: Mark Antony achieves a minor victory over Octavian 's forces but most of his army subsequently Rome ( Roma ˈroma Roma is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city with more than 2

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