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Ian Paisley may also refer to his son Ian Paisley, Jr.
The Reverend and Right Honourable
 Ian Paisley 
MP, MLA
Ian Paisley
In office
8 May 2007 – 5 June 2008
Deputy Martin McGuinness
Preceded by David Trimble
Succeeded by Peter Robinson
In office
30 September 1971 – 31 May 2008
Succeeded by Peter Robinson
Member of Parliament
for North Antrim
Incumbent
Assumed office 
18 June 1970
Preceded by Henry Maitland Clark
Incumbent
Assumed office 
25 June 1998
Born April 6, 1926 (1926-04-06) (age 82)
Armagh, Northern Ireland
Political party Democratic Unionist Party
Spouse Eileen Paisley
Religion Free Presbyterian
Website http://www.ianpaisley.org

Ian Richard Kyle Paisley (born 6 April 1926), styled The Revd and Rt Hon. The Hon Ian Paisley Jr, MLA (born 12 December 1966 in Belfast, Northern Ireland) is a member of the Northern Ireland The Reverend is a style used as a Prefix to the names of many Christian Clergy and ministers It is correctly called a style rather The Right Honourable (abbreviated as The Rt Hon) is an Honorific prefix that is traditionally applied to certain A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a Parliament. Member of the Legislative Assembly ( MLA) is a representative elected by the voters to the Northern Ireland Assembly in Northern Ireland. The First Minister and the deputy First Minister (Irish Céad-Aire agus an Leas-Chéad-Aire, Ulster Scots: Heid Männystèr an tha Heid Männystèr depute Events 589 - Reccared summons the Third Council of Toledo 1450 - Jack Cade's Rebellion: Kentishmen Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 70 - Titus and his Roman Legions breach the middle wall of Jerusalem in the Siege of Jerusalem 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common James Martin Pacelli McGuinness (Máirtín Mag Aonghusa born in Derry on 23 May 1950 is the Deputy First Minister of Northern Ireland. William David Trimble Baron Trimble (born 15 October 1944 is a Northern Irish Politician from Northern Ireland who served as leader of the Ulster Peter David Robinson (born 29 December 1948) is a Northern Irish Politician and is the current First Minister of Northern Ireland The Democratic Unionist Party ( DUP) is the larger of the two main unionist political parties in Northern Ireland. Events 1399 - Henry IV is proclaimed King of England. 1744 - France and Spain defeat the Year 1971 ( MCMLXXI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1971 Gregorian calendar. Events 1279 BC - Rameses II (The Great (19th dynasty becomes pharaoh of Ancient Egypt. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Peter David Robinson (born 29 December 1948) is a Northern Irish Politician and is the current First Minister of Northern Ireland North Antrim is a Parliamentary Constituency in the United Kingdom House of Commons. Events 618 - Coronation of the Chinese governor Li Yuan as Emperor Gaozu of Tang, the new Emperor of China, initiating three centuries Year 1970 ( MCMLXX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Henry Maitland Clark (born 11 April 1929) is a former Northern Irish colonial administrator and politician The Northern Ireland Assembly ( Irish: Tionól Thuaisceart Éireann, Ulster Scots: Norlin Airlann Semmlie) is the devolved North Antrim is a constituency in the Northern Ireland Assembly. Events 524 - Battle of Vézeronce, the Franks defeat the Burgundians Year 1998 ( MCMXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar) Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats Caecilius Metellus Scipio and Marcus Porcius Cato in the Battle of Thapsus Year 1926 ( MCMXXVI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The City of Armagh ( is an ancient religious site of worship of both celtic paganism and Christianity and the oldest of the five cities in Northern Ireland, Northern Ireland (Tuaisceart Éireann Ulster Scots: Norlin Airlann) is a Country within the United Kingdom, lying in the northeast of The Democratic Unionist Party ( DUP) is the larger of the two main unionist political parties in Northern Ireland. Eileen Emily Paisley Baroness Paisley of St George's ( née Cassells (b This Presbyterian denomination is not related to the Free Presbyterian Church of Scotland or the Free Church of Scotland The Free Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats Caecilius Metellus Scipio and Marcus Porcius Cato in the Battle of Thapsus Year 1926 ( MCMXXVI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Ian Paisley and also known as Dr Ian Paisley, was the First Minister of Northern Ireland until his resignation on June 5, 2008. The First Minister and the deputy First Minister (Irish Céad-Aire agus an Leas-Chéad-Aire, Ulster Scots: Heid Männystèr an tha Heid Männystèr depute Northern Ireland (Tuaisceart Éireann Ulster Scots: Norlin Airlann) is a Country within the United Kingdom, lying in the northeast of Events 70 - Titus and his Roman Legions breach the middle wall of Jerusalem in the Siege of Jerusalem 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Paisley is a veteran politician and Protestant church leader in Northern Ireland. A politician (from Greek " Polis " is an individual who is involved in influencing public decision making through the influence of Politics or a person Protestantism refers to the forms of Christian faith and practice that originated in the 16th century Protestant Reformation. Northern Ireland (Tuaisceart Éireann Ulster Scots: Norlin Airlann) is a Country within the United Kingdom, lying in the northeast of As the then leader of the Democratic Unionist Party (DUP), the largest single grouping in the 2007 elections to the Northern Ireland Assembly, he was elected First Minister with Sinn Féin's Martin McGuinness as deputy First Minister on 8 May 2007. The Democratic Unionist Party ( DUP) is the larger of the two main unionist political parties in Northern Ireland. The third elections to the Northern Ireland Assembly were held on 7 March 2007 when 108 new members were selected The Northern Ireland Assembly ( Irish: Tionól Thuaisceart Éireann, Ulster Scots: Norlin Airlann Semmlie) is the devolved Sinn Féin () is a political party in Ireland. The current party led by Gerry Adams was formed following a split in January 1970 James Martin Pacelli McGuinness (Máirtín Mag Aonghusa born in Derry on 23 May 1950 is the Deputy First Minister of Northern Ireland. The First Minister and the deputy First Minister (Irish Céad-Aire agus an Leas-Chéad-Aire, Ulster Scots: Heid Männystèr an tha Heid Männystèr depute Events 589 - Reccared summons the Third Council of Toledo 1450 - Jack Cade's Rebellion: Kentishmen Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century.

In addition to co-founding and leading the DUP (from 1971 to 2008), he is a founding member and immediate past Moderator of the Free Presbyterian Church of Ulster. The Moderator of the General Assembly is the chairperson of a General Assembly, the highest court of a Presbyterian church This Presbyterian denomination is not related to the Free Presbyterian Church of Scotland or the Free Church of Scotland The Free Paisley has been Member of Parliament for the constituency of North Antrim since 1970, and is a member of the Northern Ireland Assembly for the same constituency. North Antrim is a Parliamentary Constituency in the United Kingdom House of Commons.

In 2005, Paisley's political party became the largest Unionist party in Northern Ireland, displacing his long-term rivals, the Ulster Unionists (UUP), who had dominated Unionist politics in Northern Ireland since the partition of Ireland. Unionism in Ireland, is a belief in the desirability of a full constitutional and institutional relationship between Ireland and Great Britain based on the terms and The Ulster Unionist Party ( UUP, sometimes referred to as the Official Unionist Party or OUP or in a historic sense simply the Unionist Party Paisley is also an author, lecturer and speaker.

On 4 March 2008 he announced that he would step down as First Minister and leader of the DUP after the US-Northern Ireland Investment Conference in May 2008. Events 51 - Nero, later to become Roman Emperor, is given the title Princeps iuventutis (head of the youth 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common US-Northern Ireland Investment Conference ( US-NI Investment Conference) is an investment conference in Northern Ireland [1]. Peter Robinson duly took over as DUP leader on 31 May 2008, and replaced Paisley as First Minister on 5 June 2008. Events 1279 BC - Rameses II (The Great (19th dynasty becomes pharaoh of Ancient Egypt. [2]

Contents

Personal life

Ian Paisley was born in Armagh, County Armagh and brought up in the town of Ballymena, County Antrim, where his father James Kyle Paisley was an Independent Baptist pastor. The City of Armagh ( is an ancient religious site of worship of both celtic paganism and Christianity and the oldest of the five cities in Northern Ireland, County Armagh ( Contae Ard Mhacha in Irish - from the height of Macha) is a county in Ulster in the north east of Ireland Ballymena ( is a Town in County Antrim, Northern Ireland and the seat of Ballymena Borough Council. County Antrim ( Contae Aontroma or simply Aontroim in Irish) is one of six counties that form Northern Ireland, and one of nine counties Independent Baptist churches (also referred to as Independent Fundamental Baptist, or IFB are Christian churches holding to generally Baptist beliefs The senior Paisley had served in the Ulster Volunteers under Edward Carson. The Ulster Volunteers were a unionist militia founded in 1912 to block Home Rule for Ireland. Edward Henry Carson Baron Carson, PC, Kt, KC (often known as Sir Edward Carson or Lord Carson) ( [3] His Scottish mother Isabella Paisley was instrumental in his evangelical conversion at the age of six.

They have five children, three daughters Sharon, Rhonda and Cherith and twin sons, Kyle and Ian. Rhonda Paisley (styled The Hon) is an artist author and former politician from Northern Ireland. The Hon Ian Paisley Jr, MLA (born 12 December 1966 in Belfast, Northern Ireland) is a member of the Northern Ireland Three of their children have followed their father into politics or religion: Kyle, into the church; Ian is a DUP assemblyman; and daughter Rhonda a retired DUP councillor and artist. He has a brother, Harold, who currently preaches the Gospel in the United States and Canada.

Following rumours, it was confirmed in July 2004 that Paisley had been undergoing tests for an undisclosed illness and in 2005 Ian Paisley, Jr. confirmed that his father had been gravely ill. The Hon Ian Paisley Jr, MLA (born 12 December 1966 in Belfast, Northern Ireland) is a member of the Northern Ireland Ian Paisley confirmed in 2006 that he had made a full recovery.

Religious career

During his time working on the farm, the young Paisley felt that he received a vocation to enter the Christian ministry. He undertook theological training at the Barry School of Evangelism (eventually renamed the South Wales Bible College which was later replaced by the Evangelical Theological College of Wales), and later, for a year, at the Reformed Presbyterian Theological Hall in Belfast. Barry (Y Barri is a Town in the Vale of Glamorgan, Wales. Located along the northern coast of the Bristol Channel less than 7 miles (11 kilometers The Wales Evangelical School of Theology (formerly the Evangelical Theological College of Wales is a Reformed Christian educational institution located in Bryntirion Belfast ( is the capital city of Northern Ireland and the seat of government in Northern Ireland.

In 1946 he was ordained at a ceremony in the independent Ravenhill Evangelical Mission Church on the Ravenhill Road, Belfast. Four ministers from four different denominations performed various roles in the service but some have questioned whether they had ecclesiastical authority from their churches to participate.

The Free Presbyterian Church

In the early 1950s the local Presbyterian presbytery in Crossgar, County Down revoked permission for Ian Paisley to use the local Lissara Presbyterian church for a Gospel Mission. Presbyterianism is a family of Christian denominations within the Reformed branch of Protestant Western Christianity Crossgar (in Irish: An Chrois Ghearr, ie the short cross is a small Town in County Down, Northern Ireland, approximately 15 County Down, ( Ulster Scots: Coontie Doun. is one of the nine counties that form the province of Ulster and one of six counties that form In conjunction with the Lissara Kirk session Ian Paisley helped to establish the Free Presbyterian Church of Ulster at Crossgar, County Down. This Presbyterian denomination is not related to the Free Presbyterian Church of Scotland or the Free Church of Scotland The Free Crossgar (in Irish: An Chrois Ghearr, ie the short cross is a small Town in County Down, Northern Ireland, approximately 15 County Down, ( Ulster Scots: Coontie Doun. is one of the nine counties that form the province of Ulster and one of six counties that form Following a vote in his own church he joined the Free Presbyterian Church and was subsequently elected the second moderator of the new denomination. He held this post for several decades until he was succeeded in January 2008 by Rev. Ron Johnstone. PortalCurrent events International holidays January 1 - New Year's Day January 1 - Independence Ron Johnstone (born 1949 is the Minister of the Free Presbyterian Church in Newtownards and the Moderator of the Free Presbyterian His September 2007 announcement that he was standing down followed press reports of controversy in the Free Presbyterian Church over his political role as First Minister of Northern Ireland

Writings

Paisley eventually set up his own newspaper in February 1966, the Protestant Telegraph, a strongly anti-Catholicism paper, as a mechanism for further spreading his message. Anti-Catholicism is a generic term for Discrimination, hostility or Prejudice directed at the Roman Catholic Church or its followers [4] He has authored numerous books and pamphlets on religious and political subjects including a commentary on the Epistle to the Romans. The Epistle of St Paul the Apostle to the Romans is one of the letters of the New Testament canon of the Christian Bible.

Doctor Paisley

Paisley's use of the title 'Dr' derived initially from a 1954 qualification from the (outlawed [5]) American Pioneer Theological Seminary in Rockville, Illinois. Later this was somewhat legitimised by an honorary Doctor of Divinity degree awarded by Bob Jones University, a fundamentalist Christian college in Greenville, South Carolina that was unaccredited at the time. Bob Jones University ( BJU) is a private, Protestant fundamentalist, Liberal arts University A Christian is a person who adheres to Christianity, a monotheistic Religion centered on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth Greenville is a mid-sized city located in the upstate of South Carolina. Bob Jones, Jr. was a close personal friend and, with Paisley, a leader in evangelical Christianity. Robert Reynolds Jones Jr ( October 19, 1911 - November 12, 1997) was the second president and chancellor of Bob Jones University. Evangelicalism is a theological movement tradition and system of beliefs most closely associated with Protestant Christianity, which identifies with the Gospel Paisley continues to maintain a friendly relationship with the institution and has often spoken at the University's annual Bible Conference.

Campaign against homosexuality

Main article: Save Ulster from Sodomy

He preaches against homosexuality and supports laws criminalising its practice. Save Ulster from Sodomy was a political campaign launched in 1977 by the Rev Homosexuality refers to sexual behavior with or attraction to people of the same sex or to a Homosexual orientation. Intertwining his religious and political views, "Save Ulster from Sodomy" was a campaign launched by Paisley in 1977, in opposition to the Campaign for Homosexual Law Reform (Northern Ireland), established in 1974. Paisley's campaign sought to prevent the extension to Northern Ireland of the Sexual Offences Act 1967 which had decriminalised homosexual acts between males over 21 years of age in England and Wales. The Sexual Offences Act 1967 is an Act of Parliament in the United Kingdom (citation 1967 c England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland The campaign failed when legislation was passed in 1982 as a result of the previous year's ruling by the European Court of Human Rights in the case of Dudgeon v. United Kingdom. The European Court of Human Rights ( ECtHR) (Cour européenne des droits de l’homme in Strasbourg was established under the European Convention on Human Rights Dudgeon v United Kingdom was a European Court of Human Rights (ECHR case similar to the U [6]

Religious views

Paisley promotes a form of Biblical literalism, which he describes as "Bible Protestantism". Biblical literalism (also called Biblicism) is a primarily pejorative term referring to the adherence to an explicit and literal sense of the Bible. The website of Paisley's public relations arm, the European Institute of Protestant Studies (ianpaisley. org), describes the Institute's purpose as to "expound the Bible, expose the Papacy, and to promote, defend and maintain Bible Protestantism in Europe and further afield. " Paisley's website describes a number of doctrinal areas in which he believes that the "Roman church" (which he termed Popery) has deviated from the Bible and thus from true Christianity. These include the doctrine of transubstantiation, which Paisley claims on his website has given rise to "revolting superstitions and idolatrous abuses", the veneration of saints and the Virgin Mary (excessive and not Biblically supported, in Paisley's view), and the institution of the Papacy, which Paisley believes has no biblical foundation. See also Eucharist (Catholic Church On the related belief that Christ is present in the Eucharist in body blood soul and divinity see Real Presence. In 1988, when Pope John Paul II delivered a speech to the European Parliament, Paisley shouted "I Denounce you as the AntiChrist!" and held up a red poster reading "Pope John Paul II ANTICHRIST" in black letters. Pope The European Parliament ( Europarl or EP) is the only directly elected parliamentary institution of the European Union (EU For other uses see Antichrist (disambiguation In Christian eschatology, the Antichrist or anti-Christ means a person office John Paul continued with his address after Paisley was ejected from the auditorium by fellow MEPs. [7][8][9][10]

Main article: Denunciation of Pope John Paul II by Ian Paisley

He has claimed in an article that the seat no. 666 in the European Parliament is reserved for the Antichrist. The European Parliament ( Europarl or EP) is the only directly elected parliamentary institution of the European Union (EU [11]

He and his organisation have publicly spoken out against what he views to be blasphemy in popular culture, including criticism of the stage productions Jesus Christ Superstar and Jerry Springer: The Opera. Jesus Christ Superstar is a Rock opera by Tim Rice and Andrew Lloyd Webber. Jerry Springer The Opera is a British musical written by Stewart Lee and Richard Thomas, based on the Television show On at least one issue, Paisley shares views with his Catholic counterparts: he opposes legal abortion. An

Though often at political odds with the Republic of Ireland, he has some religious followers in the Republic. Ireland ( Irish: Éire, ˈeːrʲə is a country in north-western Europe. [12] It was specifically in his religious capacity that he first agreed to meet the Taoiseach, Bertie Ahern. The Taoiseach (ˈtiːʃəx in English t̪ˠiːʃʲəx (plural Taoisigh ( or) in Irish) also referred to as An Taoiseach ( t̪ˠiːʃʲəx is the the Patrick Bartholomew "Bertie" Ahern ( Irish: Pádraig Parthalán Ó hEachthairn, born 12 September 1951 is an Irish politician who served Paisley revised this stance in September 2004, when he agreed to meet Ahern in his political capacity as leader of the Democratic Unionist Party. Known for a sense of humour, at an early meeting with Ahern at the Irish embassy in London, Paisley requested breakfast and asked for boiled eggs; when Ahern asked him why he had wanted boiled eggs, Paisley quipped "it would be hard for you to poison them", much to Ahern's amusement. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. [13]

Paisley, an ardent teetotaller all his life, has sometimes asked journalists and nationalist politicians "let me smell your breath" when they asked him tough questions, insinuating that they had taken on board some alcohol, or "devil's buttermilk" as he often puts it. See also Prohibition, Temperance movement Teetotalism (or T-total is the practice and promotion of complete Abstinence from Alcoholic beverages

Political career

Early activism: Ulster Protestant Action

From the majority unionist community, Paisley was among those invited in 1956 to a special meeting at the Ulster Unionist Party's offices in Glengall Street, Belfast. The Ulster Unionist Party ( UUP, sometimes referred to as the Official Unionist Party or OUP or in a historic sense simply the Unionist Party Many Loyalists who were to become major figures in the 1960s and 1970 also attended, and the meeting's declared purpose was to organise the defence of Protestant areas against anticipated Irish Republican Army (IRA) activity, as the old Ulster Protestant Association had done after partition in 1920. Ulster loyalism is a militant unionist ideology held mostly by Protestants in Northern Ireland. This article deals with the Irish republican organisation opposed to the Anglo-Irish Treaty styling itself "Irish Republican Army" as it existed from the time of the Treaty [14] The new body decided to call itself Ulster Protestant Action (UPA), and the first year of its existence was taken up with the discussion of vigilante patrols, street barricades, and drawing up lists of IRA suspects in both Belfast and in rural areas. Ulster Protestant Action ( UPA) was a loyalist organisation in Northern Ireland. [15]

Even though no IRA threat materialised in Belfast, and despite it becoming clear that the IRA's activities during the Border Campaign were to be limited to the border areas, Ulster Protestant Action remained in being (the UPA was to later become the Protestant Unionist Party in 1966). The Border Campaign ( December 12 1956 – February 26 1962) was a campaign of Guerrilla warfare ( codenamed Operation The Protestant Unionist Party ( PUP) was a unionist Political party operating in Northern Ireland from 1966 to 1971. Factory and workplace branches were formed under the UPA, including one by Paisley in Belfast's Ravenhill area under his direct control. Ravenhill is an area of South Belfast centred on the Ravenhill Road The concern of the UPA increasingly came to focus on the defence of 'Bible Protestantism' and Protestant interests where jobs and housing were concerned. As Paisley came to dominate Ulster Protestant Action, he received his first convictions for public order offences. In June 1959, a major riot occurred on the Shankill Road in Belfast following a rally at which he had spoken. The Shankill Road ( is the arterial road leading through a predominantly Protestant working-class area [16]

Beginning a career of "No"

The majority of Paisley's political career was characterised by vehement opposition to accommodation of the aspirations and policies of the minority nationalist community in Northern Ireland. Irish nationalism (Náisiúnachas Éireannach refers to political and sociological movements and sentiment that embodies a love for Irish ancestry, culture and language and This first came to general public attention in the 1960s when he campaigned against Prime Minister of Northern Ireland Terence O'Neill's rapprochement with the Republic of Ireland and his meetings with Taoiseach of the Republic, Seán Lemass, a veteran of Easter 1916 and the anti-Treaty IRA. The Prime Minister of Northern Ireland was the De facto head of the Government of Northern Ireland. Terence Marne O'Neill Baron O'Neill of the Maine, PC ( 10 September 1914 &ndash 12 June 1990) was the fourth Prime Minister Ireland ( Irish: Éire, ˈeːrʲə is a country in north-western Europe. The Taoiseach (ˈtiːʃəx in English t̪ˠiːʃʲəx (plural Taoisigh ( or) in Irish) also referred to as An Taoiseach ( t̪ˠiːʃʲəx is the the Seán Francis Lemass (15 July 1899 &ndash 11 May 1971 was an Irish Fianna Fáil politician and third Taoiseach of Ireland from 1959 until 1966 The Easter Rising (Éirí Amach na Cásca was a rebellion staged in Ireland in Easter Week, 1916 This article deals with the Irish republican organisation opposed to the Anglo-Irish Treaty styling itself "Irish Republican Army" as it existed from the time of the Treaty He opposed efforts by O'Neill to deliver civil rights to the nationalists, which included the abolition of gerrymandering of local electoral areas for the election of urban and county councils. Gerrymandering is a form of redistribution in which electoral district or Constituency boundaries are manipulated for electoral advantage In 1964 his demand that the police remove an Irish Tricolour from Sinn Féin's Belfast offices led to two days of rioting, after this was followed through (see Flags and Emblems Act – the public display of any symbol which could cause a breach of the peace was illegal until Westminster repealed the Flags Act in 1987). The Royal Ulster Constabulary GC was the name of the Police force in Northern Ireland from 1922 to 2001 Sinn Féin () is a political party in Ireland. The current party led by Gerry Adams was formed following a split in January 1970 The Flags and Emblems (Display Act (Northern Ireland 1954 ( 2 & 3 Eliz [17] Paisley's approach led him in turn to oppose O'Neill's successors as Prime Minister, Major James Chichester-Clark (later called Lord Moyola) and Brian Faulkner. James Dawson Chichester-Clark Baron Moyola, PC, DL ( February 12, 1923 &ndash May 17, 2002) was the penultimate Arthur Brian Deane Faulkner Baron Faulkner of Downpatrick, PC ( February 18, 1921 - March 3, 1977) was the sixth and last

In 1969, he was jailed along with Ronald Bunting for organising an illegal counter-demonstration against a Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association march in Armagh. Major Ronald Terence Bunting was a British Army officer and Unionist political figure in Northern Ireland. The Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association ( Cumann Chearta Sibhialta Thuaisceart Éireann) was an organisation which campaigned for Civil rights in Northern The City of Armagh ( is an ancient religious site of worship of both celtic paganism and Christianity and the oldest of the five cities in Northern Ireland, He was released during a general amnesty for people convicted of political offenses. [18]

Electoral success and the DUP foundation

In the 1970 UK general election Paisley was elected the member of Parliament (MP) for the North Antrim constituency which he has retained since then and is now the longest serving MP from Northern Ireland. Opinion poll summary ORC (Opinion Research Council Conservative lead of 1%Harris (Express Newspapers Labour lead of 2%NOP A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a Parliament. North Antrim is a Parliamentary Constituency in the United Kingdom House of Commons. The following year, 1971 Paisley and Desmond Boal established the most successful and longest lasting of his political movements, the Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) which replaced his Protestant Unionist Party. Desmond Boal (born 1929 is a former Northern Irish Unionist politician The Democratic Unionist Party ( DUP) is the larger of the two main unionist political parties in Northern Ireland. It soon won seats at local council, provincial, national and European level; Paisley was elected one of Northern Ireland's three Members of the European Parliament (MEPs) at the first elections to the Brussels and Strasbourg-based European Parliament in 1979, holding a rare, triple mandate, as an MEP, an MP, and a Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA). A Member of the European Parliament ( English abbreviation MEP) is a member of the European Union 's legislative body the European Parliament. The European Parliament ( Europarl or EP) is the only directly elected parliamentary institution of the European Union (EU A Member of the Legislative Assembly, or MLA, is a representative elected by the voters of an Electoral district to the Legislature or Legislative On his first day he attempted to interrupt the then President of the European Council Jack Lynch, Taoiseach of Ireland, but was shouted down by fellow MEPs. The President of the European Council is a position in the European Union that chairs the European Council. John Mary "Jack" Lynch ( Irish: Seán Ó Loinsigh; 15 August 1917 &ndash 20 October 1999 was the fourth Taoiseach of Ireland, The Taoiseach (ˈtiːʃəx in English t̪ˠiːʃʲəx (plural Taoisigh ( or) in Irish) also referred to as An Taoiseach ( t̪ˠiːʃʲəx is the the Ireland ( Irish: Éire, ˈeːrʲə is a country in north-western Europe.

Paisley easily retained his seat in every European election until he stood down in 2004, receiving the highest popular vote of any British MEP (although as Northern Ireland uses a different electoral system to Great Britain for European elections, the figures are not strictly comparable)[19].

The DUP has been elected to each of the Northern Ireland conventions and assemblies set up since the party's creation. For a long time it was the principal challenger to the major unionist party, the Ulster Unionist Party (known for a time in the 1970s and 1980s as the Official Unionist Party (OUP) to distinguish it from the then multitude of other unionist parties, some set up by deposed former leaders). Unionism in Ireland, is a belief in the desirability of a full constitutional and institutional relationship between Ireland and Great Britain based on the terms and

In the 2003 Northern Ireland Assembly elections, the DUP overtook the UUP to become the largest party in Northern Ireland, achieving thirty seats to the UUP's twenty-seven, and in the 2005 UK General Election, achieving almost twice their vote share and taking nine seats to the UUP's one (successfully unseating then UUP leader David Trimble) and becoming the fourth largest party in the British House of Commons. The second elections to the Northern Ireland Assembly, which at the time of the elections had been suspended for just over a year were held on Thursday November 26 Results Overview For events leading up to the date of the election see article Pre-election day events of the United Kingdom general William David Trimble Baron Trimble (born 15 October 1944 is a Northern Irish Politician from Northern Ireland who served as leader of the Ulster The House of Commons' is the Lower house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, which also comprises the Sovereign and the House of Lords

The 1973 Sunningdale agreement: Opposed

Paisley opposed the 1972 suspension by the British government of Edward Heath of the Northern Ireland parliament and government (known metonymically by the term Stormont due to the location of Parliament Buildings on the Stormont estate). Sir Edward Richard George Heath, KG, MBE (9 July 1916 &ndash 17 July 2005 often known as Ted Heath, was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom The Parliament of Northern Ireland was the home rule Legislature of Northern Ireland, created under the Government of Ireland Act 1920, Parliament Buildings, known as Stormont because of its location in the Stormont area of Belfast, served as the seat of the Parliament of Northern Ireland He opposed the Sunningdale Agreement which sought to rework relationships between Northern Ireland, the Republic of Ireland and the United Kingdom, and which provided for a power-sharing executive (government) involving both communities in Northern Ireland, and a controversial all-island Council of Ireland linking Northern Ireland and the Republic on a legal but not constitutional level. The Sunningdale Agreement was an attempt to end " The Troubles " in Northern Ireland by forcing unionists to share power with nationalists Ireland ( Irish: Éire, ˈeːrʲə is a country in north-western Europe. The Council of Ireland (Comhairle na hÉireann may refer to one of two councils one established in the 1920s the other in the 1970s Sunningdale collapsed following the Ulster Workers' Council Strike, which cut water and electricity supplies to many homes, and the failure of the British Secretary of State for Northern Ireland, Merlyn Rees and the British Prime Minister, Harold Wilson, to defend the power-sharing executive. The Ulster Workers Council (UWC Strike was a General strike that took place between Wednesday 15 May 1974 and Tuesday 28 May 1974 The Secretary of State for Northern Ireland is the chief minister in the Government of the United Kingdom with responsibilities for Northern Ireland Merlyn Rees, later Merlyn Merlyn-Rees Baron Merlyn-Rees, PC ( 18 December 1920 &ndash 5 January 2006) was a James Harold Wilson Baron Wilson of Rievaulx, KG, OBE, FRS, PC (11 March 1916 &ndash 24 May 1995 was one of the most prominent British politicians Supporters of Paisley played an important role in orchestrating the strike. In January 1974, he (Paisley) was subdued and thrown out of the Stormont Assembly by members of the RUC.

In April 1977, Paisley famously declared he would retire from politics if a forthcoming United Unionist Action Council general strike was unsuccessful. The strike failed, but Paisley did not keep the promise.

In December 1981 the United States State Department revoked his visa, citing his "divisive rhetoric". [20]

McGuinness, George W. Bush and Ian Paisley in December 2007
McGuinness, George W. Bush and Ian Paisley in December 2007

The 1985 Anglo-Irish Agreement: 'Ulster says no'

In the 1980s Paisley, like all the major Unionist leaders, opposed the Anglo-Irish Agreement (1985), signed by British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher and Irish Taoiseach (Prime Minister) Dr. George Walker Bush ( born July 6 1946 is the forty-third and current President of the United States. The Anglo-Irish Agreement was an agreement between the United Kingdom and Ireland which aimed to bring an end to The Troubles in Northern Ireland Margaret Hilda Thatcher Baroness Thatcher LG, OM, PC, FRS (born 13 October 1925 Ireland ( Irish: Éire, ˈeːrʲə is a country in north-western Europe. The Taoiseach (ˈtiːʃəx in English t̪ˠiːʃʲəx (plural Taoisigh ( or) in Irish) also referred to as An Taoiseach ( t̪ˠiːʃʲəx is the the Garret FitzGerald. Garret FitzGerald (Gearóid Mac Gearailt born 9 February 1926 was the seventh Taoiseach of Ireland, serving two terms in office (July 1981 to February 1982 December The Agreement provided for an Irish input into the governing of Northern Ireland, through an Anglo-Irish Secretariat based at Maryfield, outside Belfast and meetings of the Anglo-Irish Conference, co-chaired by the Republic's Minister for Foreign Affairs and Britain's Secretary of State for Northern Ireland. Belfast ( is the capital city of Northern Ireland and the seat of government in Northern Ireland. The Unionists objected due to the fact that the Agreement was imposed on the people with no referendum, and to the notion of a foreign government "interfering" in the affairs of a part of the United Kingdom. Sinn Féin also objected. Sinn Féin () is a political party in Ireland. The current party led by Gerry Adams was formed following a split in January 1970

A rally of protesters, numbering an estimated 200,000 people, met in front of Belfast City Hall after a campaign dubbed after its slogan "Ulster Says No". Belfast City Hall is the civic building of the Belfast City Council. Ulster Says No was the name of a slogan campaign and mass protest against perceived interference by the Republic of Ireland in the internal affairs of the United The rally, which was addressed by Paisley and then UUP leader James Molyneaux, passed off peacefully but was ignored by the government. James Henry Molyneaux Baron Molyneaux of Killead, KBE, PC (born August 27, 1920) is a Northern Irish Unionist politician On December 9, 1986, Paisley was once again ejected from the European Parliament for continually interrupting a speech by Mrs Thatcher. The European Parliament ( Europarl or EP) is the only directly elected parliamentary institution of the European Union (EU [21]

In 1985, he and the rest of the Unionist MPs resigned from Parliament at Westminster in protest at the Anglo-Irish Agreement and were, all but one (Jim Nicholson, who lost his seat to the Social Democratic and Labour Party's Seamus Mallon), returned in the resulting by-elections. Members of Parliament sitting in the House of Commons in the United Kingdom are technically forbidden to resign. James Frederick "Jim" Nicholson (born 29 January 1945, Armagh) is a Northern Ireland unionist politician who is currently The Social Democratic and Labour Party ( SDLP; Páirtí Sóisialta Daonlathach an Lucht Oibre is one of the two major nationalist parties in Northern Ireland Seamus Mallon MP first Deputy First Minister of Northern

1995: Drumcree Standoff

Paisley is a former member of the Orange Institution. The Orange Institution, more commonly known as the Orange Order or the Orange Lodge, is a Protestant fraternal organisation based predominantly [22] He addresses the annual gathering of the Independent Orange Order every Twelfth of July. The Independent Loyal Orange Institution is an off-shoot of the Orange Institution, a Protestant fraternal organisation based in Northern Ireland. The Twelfth is an annual Protestant celebration on 12 July, originating in Ireland.

In 1995, he played a part in the first standoff over marching at Drumcree, County Armagh between the Orange Order and local residents of the Garvaghy Road. Drumcree may also refer to the village of Drumcree County Westmeath Drumcree Church is the parish church of Drumcree a rural Church of Ireland parish The Orange Institution, more commonly known as the Orange Order or the Orange Lodge, is a Protestant fraternal organisation based predominantly The march passed off after the decision was made by the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) to allow it and Paisley ended the march hand in hand with David Trimble who appeared to perform a "Victory Jig". The Royal Ulster Constabulary GC was the name of the Police force in Northern Ireland from 1922 to 2001 William David Trimble Baron Trimble (born 15 October 1944 is a Northern Irish Politician from Northern Ireland who served as leader of the Ulster Victory Jig is a phrase describing the celebration of a victory or success with a little dance shuffle body movement skip or spring in the step This "Victory Jig" was seen by some as an act of triumphalism. Triumphalism is the attitude or belief that a particular doctrine culture or social system is superior to and should triumph over all others [23]

The 1998 Belfast Agreement: No

Paisley's DUP was initially involved in the negotiations under former United States Senator George J. Mitchell that led to the Belfast Agreement of 1998. The United States Senate is the Upper house of the bicameral United States Congress, the Lower house being the House of Representatives For other persons with a similar name see George Mitchell. George John Mitchell, GBE (born August 20, 1933 The Agreement, most often referred to as the Belfast Agreement (Comhaontú Bhéal Feirste Belfast Greeance or the Good Friday Agreement (Comhaontú Aoine an However the party withdrew in protest when Sinn Féin, a republican party with links to the Provisional Irish Republican Army,[24] was allowed to participate after its ceasefire. Sinn Féin () is a political party in Ireland. The current party led by Gerry Adams was formed following a split in January 1970 Irish republicanism (Poblachtánachas is an ideology based on the Irish nationalist belief that all of Ireland should be a single independent Republic The Provisional Irish Republican Army (Óglaigh na hÉireann ( IRA; also referred to as the PIRA, the Provos, or by some of its supporters as the Paisley and his party opposed the Agreement in the referendum that followed its signing, and which saw it approved by over 70% of the voters in Northern Ireland and by over 90% of voters in the Republic of Ireland.

Although Paisley often stresses his loyalty to the Crown, he accused Queen Elizabeth of being Tony Blair's "parrot" when she voiced approval of the Agreement. TalkCommonewalth realm.--> The monarchy For the ship see RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Context States headed by Elizabeth II Anthony Charles Lynton "Tony" Blair (born 6 May 1953 is a British Politician who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 2 May 1997 to The claim is reflective of the current custom in the United Kingdom of the Monarch reflecting the position of the government, never publicly contradicting official government policy.

As part of the deal, the Republic altered the controversial Articles 2 and 3 of the Constitution of Ireland, which had originally claimed its government's de jure right to govern the whole island of Ireland, including Northern Ireland. Article 2 and Article 3 of the Constitution of Ireland ( Bunreacht na hÉireann) were adopted with the constitution as a whole on 29 December 1937 but completely

The DUP fought the resulting election to the Northern Ireland Assembly, to which Paisley was elected, while keeping his seats in the Westminster and European parliaments. The Northern Ireland Assembly ( Irish: Tionól Thuaisceart Éireann, Ulster Scots: Norlin Airlann Semmlie) is the devolved The DUP took two seats in the multi-party power-sharing executive (Paisley, like the leaders of the Social Democratic and Labour Party and Sinn Féin chose not to become a minister) but those DUP members serving as ministers (Peter Robinson and Nigel Dodds) refused to attend meetings of the Executive Committee (cabinet) in protest at Sinn Féin's participation. The Social Democratic and Labour Party ( SDLP; Páirtí Sóisialta Daonlathach an Lucht Oibre is one of the two major nationalist parties in Northern Ireland Sinn Féin () is a political party in Ireland. The current party led by Gerry Adams was formed following a split in January 1970 Peter David Robinson (born 29 December 1948) is a Northern Irish Politician and is the current First Minister of Northern Ireland Nigel Alexander Dodds, OBE, MP, MLA, BL (born Derry, 20 August 1958) is a Barrister and Northern [25]

Having spent most of his career, as he himself jokingly admitted once, saying 'No', Paisley assumed the chairmanship of the Agriculture committee of the Northern Ireland Assembly created by the Belfast Agreement, where he was praised (even by Sinn Féin members with whom he worked) as an effective, coordinating chairman. The Minister for Agriculture, Nationalist SDLP's Bríd Rodgers, remarked that she and Paisley had a "workmanlike" relationship. Bríd Rodgers born Bríd Stratford (born 20 February, 1935 in Gaoth Dobhair, County Donegal, Republic of Ireland)(Bríd [26]

2000s: Compromise and Power

After a number of stop/starts the Executive and Assembly created by the 1998 Belfast Agreement were ultimately suspended in October 2002 amid unionist unhappiness on the nature of Provisional IRA disarmament and the alleged discovery of a Republican spy network operating in Stormont.

During fresh elections in 2003 Paisley and the DUP campaigned on the need for re-negotiation of the Belfast Agreement and emerged from the elections as the leading party entitled to the position of First Minister with Sinn Féin entitled to the Deputy First minister position. The second elections to the Northern Ireland Assembly, which at the time of the elections had been suspended for just over a year were held on Thursday November 26 Progress could now only be achieved with Paisleys agreement. He refused to accept Sinn Féin in Government without further progress, and the British Government maintained the suspensions of the institutions.

Paisley and the DUP entered negotiations with the Governments and the other parties on the steps required and the changes needed to the Belfast Agreement. The December 2004 Comprehensive Agreement upheld the principles of the Belfast Agreement but foundered on the DUP demand for photographic evidence of IRA decommissioning. The 'Comprehensive Agreement' is the name given to a proposed agreement between the Democratic Unionist Party (DUP and Sinn Féin in Northern Ireland Following IRA disarmament in September 2005, the Governments set deadlines for the DUP and Sinn Féin to agree on a new Executive, with the alternative being direct rule from London.

In the October 2006 St Andrews Agreement, agreed on his fiftieth wedding anniversary, Paisley and the DUP agreed to new elections, and support for a new executive including Sinn Féin subject to Sinn Féin acceptance of the Police Service of Northern Ireland. The St Andrews Agreement (or Comhaontú Chill Rímhinn in Irish) was an agreement between the British and Irish Governments and the political The Police Service of Northern Ireland is the Police service that covers Northern Ireland. This reversed decades of Paisley opposition to Sinn Féin such as his comments on 12 July 2006 in Portrush, following Orange Order parades when he said, "[Sinn Fein] are not fit to be in partnership with decent people. The Twelfth is an annual Protestant celebration on 12 July, originating in Ireland. Portrush ( is a Seaside resort Town in County Antrim, Northern Ireland, on the County Londonderry border The Orange Institution, more commonly known as the Orange Order or the Orange Lodge, is a Protestant fraternal organisation based predominantly They are not fit to be in the government of Northern Ireland and it will be over our dead bodies if they ever get there. "[27]

Sinn Féin did endorse the PSNI, and in the subsequent election Paisley and the DUP received an increased share of the vote and increased their assembly seats from 30 to 36. The third elections to the Northern Ireland Assembly were held on 7 March 2007 when 108 new members were selected On Monday 26 March 2007, the date of the British Government deadline for devolution or dissolution, Paisley led a DUP delegation to a meeting with a Sinn Féin delegation led by Gerry Adams which agreed on a DUP proposal that the executive would be established on May 8. Events 1026 - Pope John XIX crowns Conrad II as Holy Roman Emperor. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Gerry Adams, MLA, MP (Gearóid Mac Ádhaimh born 6 October 1948 is an Irish Republican politician and abstentionist Westminster Events 589 - Reccared summons the Third Council of Toledo 1450 - Jack Cade's Rebellion: Kentishmen Later in April, Paisley met in Dublin with Taoiseach Bertie Ahern and publicly shook his hand, something Paisley had refused to do until there was peace in Northern Ireland. Patrick Bartholomew "Bertie" Ahern ( Irish: Pádraig Parthalán Ó hEachthairn, born 12 September 1951 is an Irish politician who served

On May 8 power was devolved, the Assembly met, and Paisley was elected as First Minister of Northern Ireland with Sinn Féin's Martin McGuinness as the deputy First Minister. Events 589 - Reccared summons the Third Council of Toledo 1450 - Jack Cade's Rebellion: Kentishmen James Martin Pacelli McGuinness (Máirtín Mag Aonghusa born in Derry on 23 May 1950 is the Deputy First Minister of Northern Ireland. Speaking at Stormont to an invited international audience he said, "Today at long last we are starting upon the road — I emphasise starting — which I believe will take us to lasting peace in our province. "[28] Paisley and McGuinness subsequently established a good working relationship and were dubbed by the Northern Irish media as the "Chuckle Brothers. "[29]

Winding down

At the age of 78 he retired his European Parliament seat at the 2004 elections and was succeeded by Jim Allister. The European Parliament ( Europarl or EP) is the only directly elected parliamentary institution of the European Union (EU Elections to the European Parliament were held from 10 June 2004 to 13 June 2004 in the 25 member states of the European Union, using varying election days according James Hugh Allister QC, known as Jim, (born 2 April, 1953 in Crossgar, County Down) is a Northern Ireland

However, he again retained his North Antrim seat in the 2005 UK general election. Results Overview For events leading up to the date of the election see article Pre-election day events of the United Kingdom general In 2005, Paisley was made a Privy Councillor, an appointment traditionally bestowed upon the leader of the fourth largest political party in the British Parliament. Her Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council is a body of advisors to the British Sovereign. [30] In 2007, aged 81, he became First Minister of Northern Ireland. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Upon the death of Piara Khabra in June 2007, Paisley became the oldest sitting British MP. Piara Singh Khabra ( 20 November 1921 – 19 June 2007) was a British politician who served as the Labour Member of In September 2007, he confirmed that he would contest North Antrim at the next General Election as well as serving the full four years as first minister stating "I might as well make hay while the sun shines. North Antrim is a Parliamentary Constituency in the United Kingdom House of Commons. Leadership of the main parties David Cameron became Conservative leader in December 2005 replacing Michael Howard. "[31]

Following his January 2008 retirement as a religious leader and pressure from party insiders, on 4 March 2008 Ian Paisley announced that he will stand down as DUP leader and First Minister of Northern Ireland in May 2008. PortalCurrent events International holidays January 1 - New Year's Day January 1 - Independence Events 51 - Nero, later to become Roman Emperor, is given the title Princeps iuventutis (head of the youth 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common [1] On 17 April, Peter Robinson was elected unopposed as his successor. Events 69 - After the First Battle of Bedriacum, Vitellius becomes Roman Emperor. [32]

Analysis and evaluation

Relationship with the nationalist SDLP

From the 1960s, one of his main rivals was civil rights leader and co-founder of the nationalist SDLP, John Hume. John Hume (born 18 January 1937) is a former Politician in Northern Ireland, founding member of the Social Democratic and Labour Party

British Government papers released in 2002, show that in 1971 Paisley attempted to reach a compromise with the nationalist Social Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP). The Social Democratic and Labour Party ( SDLP; Páirtí Sóisialta Daonlathach an Lucht Oibre is one of the two major nationalist parties in Northern Ireland [33] The attempt was made via then British Cabinet Secretary, Sir Burke Trend. Burke St John Trend Baron Trend, GCB, CVO, PC (1914&ndash 21 July 1987) was a British Civil servant and later Rector of The papers show that Paisley had indicated he could "reach an accommodation with leaders of the Catholic minority, which would provide the basis of a new government in Stormont. " It appears that the move was rejected once it became clear to the SDLP that the deal would favour the unionist majority. Speaking about the deal in 2002 Paisley said:

“ The SDLP did not want to go along the road that we would have wanted them to go. I wouldn't say there were talks, there was an exchange of views between us, but it never got anywhere. We were prepared to try and seek a way whereby we could govern Northern Ireland and that people of both faiths could be happy with the way it was being governed, but it all rested on the key point — the person with power would be the person that the people gave the power. [33] ”

Though their parties are often at loggerheads, Hume and Paisley worked jointly on behalf of Northern Ireland in the European Parliament and on occasion worked jointly in the House of Commons. The European Parliament ( Europarl or EP) is the only directly elected parliamentary institution of the European Union (EU The House of Commons' is the Lower house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, which also comprises the Sovereign and the House of Lords Indeed the complexity of their relationship was demonstrated when it was discovered that Hume had visited Paisley's home to dine with Ian and his wife, Eileen, on Boxing Day (26th December) one year in the 1990s. Boxing Day is a public holiday in the United Kingdom, Canada, New Zealand and Australia, as well as many other members of the Commonwealth

John Hume tells the story of the occasion when he said to Ian Paisley, "Ian, if the word 'no' were to be removed from the English language, you'd be speechless, wouldn't you!" Paisley replied, "No, I wouldn't!"[34]

Defender or demagogue?

His critics see his work in the European Parliament and in Stormont of late and argue that he could have been, had he so wished, one of the greatest builders of a new inclusive Northern Ireland. John Hume (born 18 January 1937) is a former Politician in Northern Ireland, founding member of the Social Democratic and Labour Party To his supporters, Ian Kyle Paisley is seen as a passionate defender of the union between Northern Ireland and Great Britain. They argue that he stood up for unionists who were under attack from nationalists from the Republic of Ireland and from British governments willing to give away "unionist rights" and ignore unionist fears to placate nationalists and the Provisional Irish Republican Army. Irish nationalism (Náisiúnachas Éireannach refers to political and sociological movements and sentiment that embodies a love for Irish ancestry, culture and language and The Provisional Irish Republican Army (Óglaigh na hÉireann ( IRA; also referred to as the PIRA, the Provos, or by some of its supporters as the To some, he is seen as the wrecker whose extremism almost destroyed Northern Ireland. To others, Ian Paisley is the great defender, the protector who saved Northern Ireland from "Rome Rule" and "Dublin rule". " Rome Rule " was a term used by Irish Unionists and Socialists to describe the belief that the Roman Catholic Church would gain political Dublin (ˈdʌblɨn/ /ˈdʊblɨn or /ˈdʊbəlɪn/, bˠalʲə aːha klʲiəh or cliə(ɸ is both the largest city and capital of Ireland.

To his opponents however, including some unionists, Paisley is seen as a demagogue, a crude rabble-rouser who spent his political career saying 'no' and being passed by; "no" to O'Neill's reform, "no" to contacts with the Republic, "no" to Sunningdale, "no" to the convention, "no" to James Prior's rolling devolution, "no" to the Anglo-Irish Agreement, "no" to the Belfast Agreement. The Anglo-Irish Agreement was an agreement between the United Kingdom and Ireland which aimed to bring an end to The Troubles in Northern Ireland By them he is seen as a uniquely destructive influence whose extremism lost potential friends and helped alienate people outside Northern Ireland sympathetic to unionism. Paisley has never accepted any culpability for any violence, despite his many fiery speeches, which often presented the political conflict in stark Biblical terms as a millenarian battle between good and evil (see Historicism). Etymology According to the Online Etymology Dictionary, the word bible is from Latin biblia, traced from the same word through Medieval Latin and Late Latin Millenarianism (sometimes spelled millenarism or millennarism) is the belief by a religious social or political group or movement in a coming major transformation In Christian eschatology, Historicism is a school of interpretation which treats the eschatological prophecies of Daniel and Revelation as finding literal

In September 2005, he was criticised for stoking unionist violence in Belfast over the 75-metre diversion of a provocative Orange Order march along a thoroughfare serving as a boundary between nationalist and unionist communities. Quoted by The Guardian newspaper, he called the diversion "the spark which kindles a fire there could be no putting out". The Guardian (until 1959 The Manchester Guardian) is a British Newspaper owned by the Guardian Media Group. [35] Widespread loyalist riots followed, producing, among other results, what Northern Ireland secretary Peter Hain called "serious attempts to kill police in some instances". [36]

References

  1. ^ a b "Paisley to quit as first minister", BBC News online, 4 March 2008. Events 51 - Nero, later to become Roman Emperor, is given the title Princeps iuventutis (head of the youth 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common  
  2. ^ bbc.co.uk - June 5 2008 - "Robinson is new NI first minister"
  3. ^ Downing, Taylor; The Troubles: The background to the question of Northern Ireland, page 132, third printing; published by Thames Macdonald
  4. ^ T. Gallagher, 'Religion, Reaction, and Revolt in Northern Ireland: The Impact of Paisleyism in Ulster', Journal of Church and State, 23. 3 (1981), p. 440.
  5. ^ British Centre for Science Education
  6. ^ Stonewall timeline of Gay & Lesbian history available here.
  7. ^ MacDonald, Susan. "Paisley ejected for insulting Pope", The Times, 1988-10-02. The Times is a daily national Newspaper published in the United Kingdom since 1785 when it was known as The Daily Universal Register. Year 1988 ( MCMLXXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link displays 1988 Gregorian calendar) Events 1187 - Siege of Jerusalem: Saladin captures Jerusalem after 88 years of Crusader rule  
  8. ^ Chrisafis, Angelique. "The Return of Dr. No", The Guardian, 2004-16-09 [1]. The Guardian (until 1959 The Manchester Guardian) is a British Newspaper owned by the Guardian Media Group.  
  9. ^ "HEADLINERS; Papal Audience", The New York Times, 16 October 1988.
  10. ^ David McKittrick, "An amazing conversion? The Big Man makes a long journey", The Independent, 10 October 2006.
  11. ^ EIPS — The Vacant Seat Number 666 in the European Parliament
  12. ^ Free Presbyterian Church — Church Information. Free Presbyterian Church. This Presbyterian denomination is not related to the Free Presbyterian Church of Scotland or the Free Church of Scotland The Free Retrieved on 2007-05-10. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1291 - Scottish Nobles recognize the authority of Edward I of England.
  13. ^ EIPS — Dr Paisley Given The Freedom Of Ballymena
  14. ^ This move followed the election win by Sinn Féin of over 150,000 votes in the 1955 elections- the strongest expression of anti-partitionist feeling in some years. The fears were well founded as the IRA was preparing for a new campaign starting in December 1956, which would have included attacks on Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) stations in Belfast were it not for that section of the plan being discovered. The Royal Ulster Constabulary GC was the name of the Police force in Northern Ireland from 1922 to 2001 See article Border Campaign (IRA)
  15. ^ See CEB Brett, Long Shadows Cast Before, Edinburgh, 1978, pp. The Border Campaign ( December 12 1956 – February 26 1962) was a campaign of Guerrilla warfare ( codenamed Operation Sir Charles Edward Bainbridge Brett CBE ( 30 October 1928 - 19 December 2005) 130-131.
  16. ^ See Ian S. Wood, 'The IRA's Border Campaign' p. 123 in Anderson, Malcolm and Eberhard Bort, ed. 'Irish Border: History, Politics, Culture'. Liverpool University Press. 1999
  17. ^ Statutory Instrument 1987 No. 463 (N. I. 7) [2]
  18. ^ PRISON SENTENCES ON PAISLEY AND BUNTING, The Times. 28 January 1969 [3]
  19. ^ Your Vote: How it Works, BBC News. Events 1077 - Walk to Canossa: The Excommunication of Henry IV Holy Roman Emperor is lifted Year 1969 ( MCMLXIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. 1 June, 2004 [4]
  20. ^ Slavin, Barbara; Milt Freudenheim. "THE WORLD IN SUMMARY; U.S. PULLS THE RUG ON PAISLEY" (abstract; fee required), The New York Times, The New York Times Company, 1981-12-27, p. The New York Times Company ( is an American media company It is Year 1981 ( MCMLXXXI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link displays the 1981 Events 537 - The Hagia Sophia is completed 1512 - The Spanish Crown issues the Laws of Burgos, governing the  2. Retrieved on 2008-06-13. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1525 - Martin Luther marries Katharina von Bora, against the Celibacy rule decreed by the Roman Catholic Church for  
  21. ^ Speech to European Parliament | Margaret Thatcher Foundation
  22. ^ Wolff, Stefan & Neuheiser, Jorg (2003). Peace at Last?: The Impact of the Good Friday Agreement on Northern Ireland (Studies in Ethnopolitics). Berghahn Books, p. 103. ISBN 978-1571815187.  
  23. ^ The "Victory Jig" appears to have discredited Trimble in the longrun to the benefit of Dr. Paisley. See comments on the "Victory Jig" here. See video of the controversial march through the area and "Victory Jig" in the 1995 section here.
  24. ^ Press Briefing: 3.45pm Monday 21 February 2005 10 Downing Street website.
  25. ^ BBC News | NORTHERN IRELAND | Sanctions against DUP ministers
  26. ^ Old hatreds thaw during 61 days of normal politics | Independent, The (London) | Find Articles at BNET.com
  27. ^ "Belfast march passes peacefully", BBC News, 12 July 2006.
  28. ^ "Ian Paisley's speech in full", BBC News, 8 May 2007.
  29. ^ "'Chuckle brothers' enjoy 100 days", BBC News, 15 Aug 2007.
  30. ^ "DUP leader to join privy council", BBC News, 21 October 2005.
  31. ^ ::: u.tv :::
  32. ^ "Robinson confirmed as DUP leader", BBC News online, 17 April 2008. Events 69 - After the First Battle of Bedriacum, Vitellius becomes Roman Emperor. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common  
  33. ^ a b "Ian Paisley sought 'deal' with SDLP", BBC News, 1 January 2002.
  34. ^ N. Ireland laureate seeks to raise moderates' profile — The Boston Globe
  35. ^ Angelique Chrisafis, "Return of the gun and the bomb", The Guardian, 12 September 2005.
  36. ^ 50 Police Officers Injured in Belfast Riots Guardian UK

Bibliography

Sources and further information

See also

External links

Political offices
Preceded by
Newly created position		 Leader of the Democratic Unionist Party
1971 – 2008		 Succeeded by
Peter Robinson
Northern Ireland Assembly
Preceded by
Office Suspended 2002-07
(David Trimble, 2001-02)		 First Minister of Northern Ireland
2007 - 2008		 Succeeded by
Peter Robinson
Parliament of Northern Ireland
Preceded by
Terence O'Neill		 Member of Parliament for Bannside
1970 – 1972		 Succeeded by
Position prorogued 1972
Parliament abolished 1973
Parliament of the United Kingdom
Preceded by
Henry Maitland Clark		 Member of Parliament for North Antrim
1970 – present		 Incumbent
Honorary titles
Preceded by
Piara Khabra		 Oldest sitting Member of Parliament
19 June 2007 – present		 Incumbent
Religious titles
Preceded by
Incumbent		 Moderator of the Free Presbyterian Church of Ulster
1951 – 2008		 Succeeded by
Rev. Ron Johnstone
Persondata
NAME Paisley, Ian Richard Kyle
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Paisley, Ian
SHORT DESCRIPTION Northern Ireland political and religious leader
DATE OF BIRTH 6 April 1926
PLACE OF BIRTH Armagh, Northern Ireland
DATE OF DEATH
PLACE OF DEATH
The Democratic Unionist Party ( DUP) is the larger of the two main unionist political parties in Northern Ireland. Peter David Robinson (born 29 December 1948) is a Northern Irish Politician and is the current First Minister of Northern Ireland The Northern Ireland Assembly ( Irish: Tionól Thuaisceart Éireann, Ulster Scots: Norlin Airlann Semmlie) is the devolved William David Trimble Baron Trimble (born 15 October 1944 is a Northern Irish Politician from Northern Ireland who served as leader of the Ulster The Office of the First Minister and the deputy First Minister ( OFMDFM) ( Irish: Oifig an Chéad-Aire agus an leasChéad-Aire Peter David Robinson (born 29 December 1948) is a Northern Irish Politician and is the current First Minister of Northern Ireland The Parliament of Northern Ireland was the home rule Legislature of Northern Ireland, created under the Government of Ireland Act 1920, Terence Marne O'Neill Baron O'Neill of the Maine, PC ( 10 September 1914 &ndash 12 June 1990) was the fourth Prime Minister A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a Parliament. Bannside was a single-member County constituency of the Parliament of Northern Ireland. The Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the supreme legislative body in the United Kingdom and British overseas territories Henry Maitland Clark (born 11 April 1929) is a former Northern Irish colonial administrator and politician A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a Parliament. North Antrim is a Parliamentary Constituency in the United Kingdom House of Commons. Piara Singh Khabra ( 20 November 1921 – 19 June 2007) was a British politician who served as the Labour Member of Age Youngest see also Baby of the House Of those whose age can be verified the youngest MP since the Reform Act 1832 was Events 1179 - The Norwegian Battle of Kalvskinnet outside Nidaros. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. This Presbyterian denomination is not related to the Free Presbyterian Church of Scotland or the Free Church of Scotland The Free Ron Johnstone (born 1949 is the Minister of the Free Presbyterian Church in Newtownards and the Moderator of the Free Presbyterian Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats Caecilius Metellus Scipio and Marcus Porcius Cato in the Battle of Thapsus Year 1926 ( MCMXXVI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The City of Armagh ( is an ancient religious site of worship of both celtic paganism and Christianity and the oldest of the five cities in Northern Ireland, Northern Ireland (Tuaisceart Éireann Ulster Scots: Norlin Airlann) is a Country within the United Kingdom, lying in the northeast of
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