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The IBM 701, known as the Defense Calculator while in development, was announced to the public on April 29, 1952, and was IBM’s first commercial scientific computer[1]. Events 1429 - Joan of Arc arrives to relieve the Siege of Orleans. Year 1952 ( MCMLII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. International Business Machines Corporation abbreviated IBM and nicknamed "Big Blue", is a multinational Computer Technology Its business computer siblings were the IBM 702 and IBM 650. The IBM 702 ( photos was announced September 25, 1953 and withdrawn October 1, 1954, but the first production model was not installed until The IBM 650 ( photo was one of IBM ’s early Computers and the world’s first mass-produced ( photo computer

The system used electrostatic storage, consisting of 72 Williams tubes with a capacity of 1024 bits each, giving a total memory of 2048 words of 36 bits each. The Williams tube or the Williams-Kilburn tube (after inventors Freddie Williams and Tom Kilburn) developed about 1946 or 1947 A bit is a binary digit, taking a value of either 0 or 1 Binary digits are a basic unit of Information storage and communication In Computing, " word " is a term for the natural unit of data used by a particular computer design Each of the 72 Williams tubes was three inches in diameter. Memory could be expanded to a maximum of 4096 words of 36 bits by the addition of a second set of 72 Williams tubes or by replacing the entire memory with magnetic core memory. Magnetic core memory, or ferrite-core memory, is an early form of Random access Computer memory. The Williams tube memory and later core memory each had a memory cycle time of 12 microseconds. The Williams tube memory required periodic refreshing, mandating the insertion of refresh cycles into the 701s timing. An addition required five 12 microsecond cycles, two of which were refresh cycles, a multiplication or division required 38 cycles (456 microseconds).

Instructions were 18 bits long, single address. An instruction set is a list of all the instructions and all their variations that a processor can execute A bit is a binary digit, taking a value of either 0 or 1 Binary digits are a basic unit of Information storage and communication

Numbers were either 36 bits or 18 bits long, signed magnitude, fixed point.

The IBM 701 had only 2 programmer accessible registers:

  1. The accumulator was 38 bits long (adding 2 overflow bits). In a Computer 's central processing unit ( CPU) an accumulator is a register in which intermediate arithmetic and logic results are stored
  2. The multiplier/quotient was 36 bits long.

The IBM 701 system was composed of the following units:

Nineteen IBM 701 systems were installed [1]. The IBM 726 dual magnetic tape reader/recorder for the IBM 701 was announced on May 21, 1952. The IBM 727 Magnetic Tape Unit was announced for the IBM 701 and IBM 702 on September 25, 1953 The IBM 740 CRT Recorder was announced in 1954 and used with the IBM 701, IBM 704, and IBM 709 The University of California at Livermore developed a language compilation and runtime system called the KOMPILER for their 701. The University of California ( UC) is a Public university system in the state of California. In Computing, the KOMPILER was one of the first language compilation and runtime systems for International Business Machines ' IBM 701, the fastest A Fortran compiler was not released by IBM until the IBM 704. Fortran (previously FORTRAN) is a general-purpose, procedural, imperative Programming language that is especially suited to The IBM 704, the first mass-produced Computer with Floating point arithmetic hardware was introduced by IBM in April 1954.

The 701 can claim to be the first computer displaying the potential of artificial intelligence in the Samuel Checkers-playing Program. Arthur L Samuel (1901 – July 29, 1990) was a pioneer in the field of computer gaming and artificial intelligence [2]

The successor of the 701 was the index register-equipped IBM 704, introduced 4 years after the 701. An index register in a computer's CPU is a Processor register used for modifying Operand addresses during the run of a program typically for doing vector/ The IBM 704, the first mass-produced Computer with Floating point arithmetic hardware was introduced by IBM in April 1954. The 704 was not compatible with the 701, however, as the 704 increased the size of instructions from 18 bits to 36 bits to support the extra features.

Contents

Bibliography

References

  1. ^ IBM 701 item at IBM history site.
  2. ^ "MEMORIAL RESOLUTION", pp.  4. Retrieved on 2007-04-26. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1467 - The miraculous image in Our Lady of Good Counsel appear in Genazzano, Italy. (PDF) 

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External links

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