| Hyanggyo | ||||||||
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| Korean name | ||||||||
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The Hyanggyo were government-run provincial schools in medieval Korea. Hanja is the Korean name for Chinese characters. More specifically it refers to those Chinese characters borrowed from Chinese and incorporated The Revised Romanization of Korean is the official Korean language Romanization system in South Korea. McCune-Reischauer romanization is one of the two most widely used Korean language Romanization systems along with the Revised Romanization of Korean, which They were established separately in the Goryeo (10th-14th centuries) and Joseon periods, but did not meet with widespread success in either dynasty. The Goryeo Dynasty ( 918 - 1392) (also spelled Koryŏ was a Sovereign state established in 918 by Taejo Wang Kon. They were officially closed near the end of the Joseon Dynasty, in 1894, but many were reopened as public elementary schools in 1900.
In the Joseon Dynasty, hyanggyo were established in every bu, mok, daedohobu, dohobu, gun, and hyeon (the last corresponding roughly to the size of modern-day cities and counties). They served primarily the children of the yangban, or upper-class. The yangban were a well educated scholarly class of male Confucian intellectuals who were part of the ruling elite within Korea prior to 1910 and the republics period Education was oriented toward the gwageo, or national civil service examinations. The gwageo (or kwago) were the national civil service examinations under the Goryeo and Joseon dynasties of Korea Although such education was in high demand, the hyanggyo were ultimately unable to compete with the privately run seowon and seodang. Seowon were the most common educational institution of Korea during the mid- to late Joseon Dynasty. Seodang were private village schools providing Elementary education during the Goryeo and Joseon dynasties of Korea