| Category 3 hurricane (SSHS) | ||
|---|---|---|
 Hurricane Roxanne on October 10, 1995 at 18:55 UTC |
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| Formed | October 7, 1995 | |
| Dissipated | October 21, 1995 | |
| Highest winds |
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| Lowest pressure | 956 mbar (hPa; 28. The Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale is a classification used for most Western Hemisphere Tropical cyclones that exceed the intensities of Tropical depressions Events 680 - Battle of Karbala: Shia Imam Husayn bin Ali, the grandson of the Prophet Muhammad, is decapitated Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995 Events 3761 BC - The epoch (origin of the modern Hebrew calendar ( Proleptic Julian calendar) Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995 Events 1512 - Martin Luther joins the theological faculty of the University of Wittenberg. Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995 The bar (symbol bar) decibar (symbol dbar) and the millibar (symbol mbar, also mb are units of Pressure. 24 inHg) | |
| Fatalities | 14 direct | |
| Damage | $1. Inches of mercury, inHg or "Hg is a measuring unit for Pressure. 5 billion (1995 USD) $2 billion (2008 USD) |
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| Areas affected |
Several parts of Mexico | |
| Part of the 1995 Atlantic hurricane season |
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Hurricane Roxanne was the seventeenth storm, tenth hurricane, and the fifth and final major hurricane of the very active 1995 Atlantic hurricane season. The United States dollar ( sign: $; code: USD) is the unit of Currency of the United States; it has also been The United Mexican States ( or commonly Mexico (ˈmɛksɪkoʊ () is a federal constitutional Republic in North America. TemplateHurricane season single. -->The 1995 Atlantic hurricane season officially began on June 1 1995 and lasted until November 30 1995 TemplateHurricane season single. -->The 1995 Atlantic hurricane season officially began on June 1 1995 and lasted until November 30 1995 It made landfall near Cozumel, Mexico at its peak intensity, causing over a $1 billion in damage. Cozumel ( Mayan: Island of the Swallows ' ( Kùutsmil in Modern Maya) is an Island in the Caribbean Sea off the eastern It then took an extremely unusual and unpredictable track in the Bay of Campeche before making its final landfall and dissipating. The Bay of Campeche (Bahía de Campeche (sometimes confused with Sonda de Campeche) is the southern bight of the Gulf of Mexico. Roxanne was the first October hurricane that formed and reached Category 3 intensity on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale (SSHS) in the western Caribbean Sea since Hurricane Hattie in October 1961. The Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale is a classification used for most Western Hemisphere Tropical cyclones that exceed the intensities of Tropical depressions Hurricane Hattie was a powerful Category 5 hurricane that hit Central America on Halloween during the 1961 Atlantic hurricane season
Roxanne was the first storm to be assigned a name beginning with 'R' since hurricane naming began in the Atlantic in 1950 (and one of only two such names ever used - the other being Rita in 2005). Year 1950 ( MCML) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Hurricane Rita was the fourth-most intense Atlantic hurricane ever recorded and the most intense Tropical cyclone ever observed in the Gulf of Mexico Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.
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Storm history
Roxanne formed from a tropical wave that merged with a broad low pressure area and an upper trough just off the coast of Honduras. Honduras in Spanish, República de Honduras) is a democratic republic in Central America. Despite this being a confusing formation, it is rather common in the western Caribbean. All of these factors formed a tropical depression in the western Caribbean on October 7. Events 3761 BC - The epoch (origin of the modern Hebrew calendar ( Proleptic Julian calendar) Satellite images indicated steady strengthening. At 0000 UTC, the depression became Tropical Storm Roxanne. Roxanne now posed a threat to the Cayman Islands and Cuba. The Cayman Islands are a British overseas territory located in the western Caribbean Sea, comprising the islands of Grand Cayman, Cayman Brac The Republic of Cuba (ˈkjuːbə or) consists of the island of Cuba (the largest and second-most populous island of the Greater Antilles) Isla de la However, the trough that was steering Roxanne to the north moved on and was replaced with a high pressure system. A high pressure area (also called a high or high-pressure is a region where the Atmospheric pressure is greater than surrounding areas This trough forced Roxanne west. As the storm moved towards the Yucatán, it intensified greatly. Yucatán is one of the 31 states of Mexico, located on the north of the Yucatán Peninsula.
During the afternoon of the 10th, as Roxanne became a hurricane and a well-developed eye formed. Shortly after Roxanne reached hurricane strength, it rapidly intensified to Category 3 strength (the first time that had happened in the western Caribbean Sea since the 1961 season when Hurricane Hattie took a very similar turn and intensification cycle. For the region see Caribbean. The Caribbean Sea (kəˈrɪbiən or /ˌkærɨˈbiːən/ is a tropical Sea in the Western Hemisphere TemplateHurricane season single. -->The 1961 Atlantic hurricane season officially began on June 15, 1961, and lasted until Hurricane Hattie was a powerful Category 5 hurricane that hit Central America on Halloween during the 1961 Atlantic hurricane season [1]). Roxanne made landfall near peak intensity just north of Tulum, a small town near Cozumel, Mexico, with sustained winds near 115 mph. Cozumel ( Mayan: Island of the Swallows ' ( Kùutsmil in Modern Maya) is an Island in the Caribbean Sea off the eastern Roxanne did not drop hurricane strength over land, despite the hurricane being inland for almost a full day and a half.
Roxanne emerged over water in the Bay of Campeche as a minimal hurricane. The Bay of Campeche (Bahía de Campeche (sometimes confused with Sonda de Campeche) is the southern bight of the Gulf of Mexico. Roxanne weakened to a tropical storm again shortly after exiting the coast, and turned northwest. As soon as the circulation was mostly over water, Roxanne became a hurricane again. Steering currents over the southern Gulf were weak. Hurricane Roxanne trudged southeast, threatening the Yucatán again before turning northwest again. Roxanne steadily weakened, turned south, and finally dissipated near the southern end of the Bay of Campeche. The Bay of Campeche (Bahía de Campeche (sometimes confused with Sonda de Campeche) is the southern bight of the Gulf of Mexico. [1]
Watches and warnings
Roxanne's very atypical track across the western Caribbean and southern Gulf led to the issuing of many hurricane watches and warnings. Warnings and watches are two levels of alert issued by national Weather forecasting bodies to coastal areas threatened by the imminent approach of a Tropical cyclone As the hurricane apporoached Cozumel, a hurricane warning was issued 23 hours before it made landfall in the area. When Roxanne entered the Gulf of Mexico, watches and warnings were almost continuously being issued, discontinued, and re-issued for nearly 10 days as the storm erratically wandered in the Bay of Campeche. [1]
Impact
Roxanne caused 14 deaths, with five of them coming from the sinking of a petroleum work barge with 245 people on board. There was massive damage in Mexico across numerous Mexican states. Over forty thousand homes were destroyed in the States of Campeche, Quintana Roo, Tabasco Veracruz and Yucatán. Crops were destroyed, cattle drowned, and roads were either washed out or blocked by mudslides. The road between the City of Carmen and Campeche was completely destroyed. There are unconfirmed reports that many hotel lobbies in Cancun and Cozumel were damaged from pounding waves. Rainfall and storm surge combined with overflowing rivers caused the worst flooding in Campeche since 1927. The highest rainfall report noted was 26. 61 inches/676 mm at Silvituc/Champoton. The storm surge also pounded the Mexican coastline for days and the Gulf waters surged inland hundreds of yards.
Roxanne struck an area that had been directly struck by Hurricane Opal just a few weeks earlier and all damage could not be sorted out from Opal and Roxanne. Hurricane Opal was a major hurricane that formed in the Gulf of Mexico in September 1995 Combined damage was estimated in the neighborhood of $1. 5 billion. [1]
Retirement
- See also: List of retired Atlantic hurricane names
Because of the major damage in Mexico, the name Roxanne was retired in the spring of 1996 and will never again be used for an Atlantic hurricane. This is a list of retired Atlantic hurricane names. Hurricane names are retired by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO in a meeting in March April or May Year 1996 ( MCMXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar) It was replaced with Rebekah in the 2001 season, and will be appearing in the 2007 Atlantic hurricane season, only to go unused here, too, and will next be in use for the 2013 season. The 2001 Atlantic hurricane season was a fairly active Atlantic hurricane season that produced 17 Tropical cyclones, 15 named storms 9 hurricanes and The 2007 Atlantic hurricane season was an active Atlantic hurricane season that produced 17 Tropical cyclones It officially started on June 1 and ended on
See also
References
- ^ a b c d Lixion A. This is a list of retired Atlantic hurricane names. Hurricane names are retired by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO in a meeting in March April or May Avila (1995-11-29). Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995 Events 1777 - San Jose California, is founded as el Pueblo de San José de Guadalupe Hurricane Roxanne Prelimary Report. National Hurricane Center. Retrieved on 2007-02-17. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1500 - Battle of Hemmingstedt. 1600 - Philosopher Giordano Bruno is burned alive at Campo de' Fiori
