| Category 3 hurricane (SSHS) | ||
|---|---|---|
 Hurricane Erin near peak intensity |
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| Formed | September 1, 2001 | |
| Dissipated | September 15, 2001 | |
| Highest winds |
|
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| Lowest pressure | 968 mbar (hPa; 28. The name Erin has been used for four tropical cyclones in the Atlantic Ocean The Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale is a classification used for most Western Hemisphere Tropical cyclones that exceed the intensities of Tropical depressions Events 462 - Possible start of first Byzantine indiction cycle. Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. Events 668 - Eastern Roman Emperor Constans II is assassinated in his bath at Syracuse Italy. Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. The bar (symbol bar) decibar (symbol dbar) and the millibar (symbol mbar, also mb are units of Pressure. 6 inHg) | |
| Fatalities | None | |
| Damage | Unknown | |
| Areas affected |
Bermuda, Canada, East Coast of the United States | |
| Part of the 2001 Atlantic hurricane season |
||
Hurricane Erin was the longest-lived hurricane in the 2001 Atlantic hurricane season. Inches of mercury, inHg or "Hg is a measuring unit for Pressure. Ba (officially The Bermuda Islands or The Somers Isles) is a British overseas territory in the North Atlantic Ocean. Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page The East Coast of the United States, also known as the "Eastern Seaboard" or "Atlantic Seaboard" refers to the easternmost coastal states in the central and northern The 2001 Atlantic hurricane season was a fairly active Atlantic hurricane season that produced 17 Tropical cyclones, 15 named storms 9 hurricanes and The 2001 Atlantic hurricane season was a fairly active Atlantic hurricane season that produced 17 Tropical cyclones, 15 named storms 9 hurricanes and The sixth tropical depression, fifth tropical storm, and first hurricane, Erin developed from a tropical wave on September 1. Tropical waves, or easterly waves, also known as African easterly waves in the Atlantic region are a type of Atmospheric trough, Events 462 - Possible start of first Byzantine indiction cycle. After strengthening to a 60 mph (95 km/h) tropical storm as it moved to the west-northwest, wind shear weakened Erin and caused it to dissipate on September 5. Wind shear, sometimes referred to as windshear or Wind gradient, is a difference in Wind speed and direction over a relatively Events 1590 - Alexander Farnese 's army forces Henry IV of France to raise the siege of Paris. The remnants re-organized into a tropical depression the next day, and Erin strengthened into a hurricane on September 9 while moving northwestward. Events 1000 - Battle of Svolder, Viking Age. 1379 - Treaty of Neuberg, splitting the Austrian This was the latest date for the first hurricane of the season since Hurricane Diana on September 10, 1984. This is about a hurricane of 1984 for the hurricane of 1990 see Hurricane Diana; for other storms of the same name see Hurricane Diana (disambiguation. Events 506 - The Bishops of Visigothic Gaul meet in the Council of Agde. TemplateHurricane season single. -->The 1984 Atlantic hurricane season officially began on June 1, 1984, and lasted until [1] Erin quickly intensified and reached peak winds of 120 mph (195 km/h) later on September 9. At its closest approach, Erin passed 105 miles (170 km) east-northeast of Bermuda near peak intensity, and subsequently weakened as it turned to the east. Ba (officially The Bermuda Islands or The Somers Isles) is a British overseas territory in the North Atlantic Ocean. A trough turned Erin to the northeast, and after passing just east of Cape Race, Newfoundland it became extratropical on September 15. A trough is an elongated region of relatively low Atmospheric pressure, often associated with fronts Unlike fronts there is not a universal symbol for Cape Race is a point of land located at the southeastern tip of the Avalon Peninsula on the island of Newfoundland, Canada. Newfoundland and Labrador (ˈnuːfɨn(dlənd ən(d ˈlæbrəˌdɔr (Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador is a province of Canada, the tenth and latest to join the Confederation Events 668 - Eastern Roman Emperor Constans II is assassinated in his bath at Syracuse Italy. The extratropical remnant continued northeastward and lost its identity near Greenland on September 17. Greenland (Kalaallit Nunaat meaning "Land of the Greenlanders" Grønland is a self-governing Danish Province located between the Events 1176 - The Battle of Myriokephalon is fought 1462 - The Battle of Świecino (or Battle of Żarnowiec
Though it was initially predicted to pass within 15 miles (24 km) of Bermuda, Hurricane Erin caused little damage or effects on the island. Large swells from the hurricane produced rough surf and rip currents along the East Coast of the United States. The East Coast of the United States, also known as the "Eastern Seaboard" or "Atlantic Seaboard" refers to the easternmost coastal states in the central and northern In Newfoundland, Erin dropped moderate amounts of rain and gusty winds, though no damage was reported. Newfoundland and Labrador (ˈnuːfɨn(dlənd ən(d ˈlæbrəˌdɔr (Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador is a province of Canada, the tenth and latest to join the Confederation Throughout its path, Erin caused no casualties, no injuries, and minor damage.
Contents |
Storm history
A tropical wave moved off the coast of Africa on August 30. Tropical waves, or easterly waves, also known as African easterly waves in the Atlantic region are a type of Atmospheric trough, Events 1363 - Beginning date of the Battle of Lake Poyang; the forces of two Chinese rebel leaders— Chen Youliang and It almost immediately displayed signs of tropical cyclone formation with the development of deep convection and curved rainbands. A tropical cyclone is a storm system characterized by a low pressure center and numerous Thunderstorms that produce strong winds and Flooding A squall is a sudden sharp increase in wind speed which is usually associated with active weather such as rain showers thunderstorms or heavy snow Organization continued, and late on the 30th Dvorak classifications began on the system. [2] On August 31, after passing well south of the Cape Verde islands, the system stopped its organization trend. Events 1056 - Byzantine Empress Theodora becomes ill dying suddenly a few days later without children to succeed the Throne The Republic of Cape Verde ( Portuguese: Cabo Verde, 'kabu 'veɾdɨ is a Republic located on an Archipelago in the Macaronesia [3] Convection became sporadic,[2] and the system became poorly organized as it moved westward at 20 mph (32 km). However, environmental conditions remained favorable. [4] On September 1, the cloud pattern became better organized, and a low-level circulation quickly developed. Events 462 - Possible start of first Byzantine indiction cycle. [2] Following an increase in convection and conformation of a low-level circulation by a buoy, it is estimated the system developed into Tropical Depression Six late on September 1 while located 1,600 miles (2,590 km) east of the Lesser Antilles. The Lesser Antilles, also known as the Caribbees, are part of the Antilles, which together with the Bahamas and Greater Antilles form the [5]
Located to the south of a mid-level ridge, the depression moved to the west-northwest. A ridge is an elongated region of relatively high Atmospheric pressure, the opposite of a trough. With weak to moderate upper-level wind shear over the system, the depression gradually organized, and intensified into Tropical Storm Erin on September 2. Wind shear, sometimes referred to as windshear or Wind gradient, is a difference in Wind speed and direction over a relatively Events 44 BC - Pharaoh Cleopatra VII of Egypt declares her son co-ruler as Ptolemy XV Caesarion. [2] Though Erin had favorable upper-level outflow and developing convection, the inner core of the storm remained disorganized. [6] The storm slowly strengthened, and attained an initial peak intensity of 60 mph (95 km/h) while located about 1,150 miles (1,855 km) east of the Lesser Antilles. Favorable conditions were expected to allow Erin to continue to strengthen to reach winds of 85 mph (135 km/h). [7] However, an upper-level low to the northwest of Erin produced strong vertical shear over the storm, and Erin quickly weakened as the low-level circulation became exposed to the southwest of the deep convection. The shear slightly abated on September 4, allowing Erin to briefly re-strengthen. Events 476 - Romulus Augustus, last emperor of the Western Roman Empire, is deposed when Odoacer proclaims himself However, the storm remained disorganized, and following an increase in southwesterly wind shear Erin began a weakening trend. Wind shear, sometimes referred to as windshear or Wind gradient, is a difference in Wind speed and direction over a relatively On September 5, Erin weakened to a tropical depression, and hours later the low-level circulation dissipated. Events 1590 - Alexander Farnese 's army forces Henry IV of France to raise the siege of Paris. [2]
The remnant low pressure area continued to the west-northwest,[8] and on September 6 the system gradually produced deep convection. Nova Scotia (ˌnəʊvəˈskəʊʃə ( Latin for New Scotland; Alba Nuadh Nouvelle-Écosse is a Canadian province located on Canada 's A low pressure area, or " low " is a region where the Atmospheric pressure is lower in relation to the surrounding area Events 3114 BC - According to the Proleptic Julian calendar the current era in the Maya Long Count Calendar started [9] A surface circulation redeveloped in the northern portion of the remnants of Erin, and the system developed into a tropical depression again late on September 6 while located 365 miles (585 km) north-northwest of where it previously dissipated. The depression moved to the north-northeast, then turned to the north-northwest, and regained tropical storm status on September 7. Events 1251 BC - A Solar eclipse on this date might mark the birth of legendary Heracles at Thebes Greece. Erin steadily intensified,[2] and its convection and cloud pattern became much better organized on September 8. Events 70 - Roman forces under Titus sack Jerusalem. 1264 - The Statute of Kalisz [10] On September 9 Erin intensified into a hurricane while located 275 miles (440 km),[2] and a 40 mile (65 km) wide eye developed. Events 1000 - Battle of Svolder, Viking Age. 1379 - Treaty of Neuberg, splitting the Austrian The eye is a region of mostly calm Weather found at the center of strong Tropical cyclones The eye of a Storm is a roughly circular area and typically 30–65 km [11] Erin quickly strengthened on September 9 to reach a peak intensity of 120 mph (195 km/h). [2]
Shortly after reaching its peak intensity, Erin passed 105 miles (170 km) east-northeast of Bermuda, its closest approach to the island. Ba (officially The Bermuda Islands or The Somers Isles) is a British overseas territory in the North Atlantic Ocean. The hurricane maintained peak strength for 18 hours before slowly weakening. Its weakening trend was slower than usual due to warmer than usual water temperatures, and by late on September 10 Erin weakenend to a Category 2 hurricane. Events 506 - The Bishops of Visigothic Gaul meet in the Council of Agde. Multiple short-wave troughs weakened the western portion of the subtropical ridge, and on September 11 Erin decelerated as it turned to the east. A trough is an elongated region of relatively low Atmospheric pressure, often associated with fronts Unlike fronts there is not a universal symbol for Events 9 - The Battle of the Teutoburg Forest ends 506 - The Bishops of Visigothic Gaul A strengthening mid- to upper-level trough over eastern Canada turned the hurricane to the northeast. Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page It gradually accelerated its forward motion, and on September 15, after weakening to a strong tropical storm, Erin passed just east of Cape Race, Newfoundland. Events 668 - Eastern Roman Emperor Constans II is assassinated in his bath at Syracuse Italy. Cape Race is a point of land located at the southeastern tip of the Avalon Peninsula on the island of Newfoundland, Canada. Newfoundland and Labrador (ˈnuːfɨn(dlənd ən(d ˈlæbrəˌdɔr (Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador is a province of Canada, the tenth and latest to join the Confederation [2] Convection gradually diminished as it moved through the north Atlantic Ocean,[12] and later on September 15 Erin became extratropical. Extratropical cyclones, sometimes called mid-latitude cyclones or wave cyclones, are a group of Cyclones defined as synoptic scale low The extratropical storm continued northeastward, and after crossing over southern Greenland Erin merged with a high-latitude cyclonic flow to the east of Greenland on September 17. Greenland (Kalaallit Nunaat meaning "Land of the Greenlanders" Grønland is a self-governing Danish Province located between the Events 1176 - The Battle of Myriokephalon is fought 1462 - The Battle of Świecino (or Battle of Żarnowiec [2]
Impact and preparations
When the hurricane appeared to pose a threat to Bermuda, its government issued a hurricane watch. The eye is a region of mostly calm Weather found at the center of strong Tropical cyclones The eye of a Storm is a roughly circular area and typically 30–65 km Ba (officially The Bermuda Islands or The Somers Isles) is a British overseas territory in the North Atlantic Ocean. Warnings and watches are two levels of alert issued by national Weather forecasting bodies to coastal areas threatened by the imminent approach of a Tropical cyclone Around 24 hours before Erin made its closest approach, the watch was upgraded to a hurricane warning. [2] Initial forecasts indicated Erin would pass within 15 miles (24 km) of the island. As a result, ferry and bus transport was suspended. Officials prepared a school to be used as an emergency shelter, though few people used it. [13] The threat of the hurricane cancelled several flights in and out of the Bermuda International Airport,[14] stranding hundreds of travellers. LF Wade International Airport, formerly named Bermuda International Airport, is the sole Airport serving Bermuda, a British overseas territory Cruise ships and cargo ships also cancelled or delayed their arrivals. [15] The strongest winds of Erin remained to the east of the island. As a result, the highest winds on the island peaked at 41 mph (66 km/h). [2] Moderate winds downed several trees onto power lines,[14] leaving dozens of homes without power for several hours. [15] Prolonged durations of strong waves resulted in coastal beach erosion. [16] Large waves broke a boat from its moorings, though two men swam through the rough seas to prevent the yacht from running aground. The storm produced rainfall on the island, yet no flooding was reported. [15] Little structural damage occurred on Bermuda, and there were no reported injuries or casualties. [16]
Swells from Erin produced rip currents along the North Carolina coastline. North Carolina ( is a state located on the Atlantic Seaboard in the southeastern United States Waves were expected to reach over 6 feet (1. 8 m) in height. [17] Officials at the National Hurricane Center cautioned authorities and residents to monitor the rough seas. The US National Hurricane Center, located at Florida International University in Miami Florida, is the division of National Weather Service [14]
Erin produced moderate winds across Newfoundland, including a maximum sustained wind report of 53 mph (85 km/h) with a gust of 67 mph (108 km/h) at Cape Race. Newfoundland — ˈn(jufənˌlænd (Terre-Neuve Talamh an Éisc — is a large island 15 km off the east coast of Cape Race is a point of land located at the southeastern tip of the Avalon Peninsula on the island of Newfoundland, Canada. The storm also produced moderate amounts of precipitation, peaking at 5. 1 inches (131 mm) at Sagona Island. [2] Along the coast, the passage of the storm led to wave heights of up to 30 feet (9. 3 m), while offshore a buoy recorded a wave height of 47 feet (14. 2 m). No damage was reported in Canada. [18]
See also
References
- ^ Hurricane Research Division (2006). Hurdat Data for Tropical Cyclones 1851-2005. NOAA. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration ( NOAA) is a scientific agency within the United States Department of Commerce focused on the conditions of the Retrieved on 2006-11-06. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 355 - Roman Emperor Constantius II promotes his cousin Julian to the rank of Caesar, entrusting him with
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Richard Pasch & Daniel Brown (2001). Hurricane Erin Tropical Cyclone Report. National Hurricane Center. Retrieved on 2006-11-05. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1499 - Publication of the Catholicon in Treguier ( Brittany)
- ^ Avila/Molleda (2001). August 30 Tropical Weather Outlook. NHC.
- ^ Beven (2001). August 31 Tropical Weather Outlook. NHC. Retrieved on 2006-11-05. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1499 - Publication of the Catholicon in Treguier ( Brittany)
- ^ Lawrence (2001). Tropical Depression Six Discussion One. NHC. Retrieved on 2006-11-05. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1499 - Publication of the Catholicon in Treguier ( Brittany)
- ^ Pasch (2001). Tropical Storm Erin Discussion Six. NHC. Retrieved on 2006-11-05. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1499 - Publication of the Catholicon in Treguier ( Brittany)
- ^ Stewart (2001). Tropical Storm Erin Discussion Seven. NHC. Retrieved on 2006-11-05. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1499 - Publication of the Catholicon in Treguier ( Brittany)
- ^ Pasch/Rhome (2001). September 5 Tropical Weather Outlook. NHC. Retrieved on 2006-11-05. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1499 - Publication of the Catholicon in Treguier ( Brittany)
- ^ Stewart (2001). September 6 Tropical Weather Outlook. NHC. Retrieved on 2006-11-05. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1499 - Publication of the Catholicon in Treguier ( Brittany)
- ^ Avila (2001). Tropical Storm Erin Discussion Twenty-Five. NHC.
- ^ Beven (2001). Hurricane Erin Discussion Twenty-Seven. NHC.
- ^ Jarvinen (2001). Tropical Storm Erin Discussion Fifty-One. NHC. Retrieved on 2006-11-05. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1499 - Publication of the Catholicon in Treguier ( Brittany)
- ^ Matthew Taylor (2001). Hurricane Erin Spares Bermuda. Associated Press. Retrieved on 2006-11-06. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 355 - Roman Emperor Constantius II promotes his cousin Julian to the rank of Caesar, entrusting him with
- ^ a b c Associated Press (2001). Weakening Hurricane Erin spawns strong waves along East Coast. Retrieved on 2006-11-06. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 355 - Roman Emperor Constantius II promotes his cousin Julian to the rank of Caesar, entrusting him with
- ^ a b c Associated Press. "Erin brushes past Bermuda, heads out to sea". Retrieved on 2006-11-06. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 355 - Roman Emperor Constantius II promotes his cousin Julian to the rank of Caesar, entrusting him with
- ^ a b Roger Williams. Bermuda hurricanes since 1899. The Royal Gazette. Retrieved on 2006-11-06. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 355 - Roman Emperor Constantius II promotes his cousin Julian to the rank of Caesar, entrusting him with
- ^ National Weather Service (2001). Hurricane Erin Weather Statement. Retrieved on 2006-11-06. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 355 - Roman Emperor Constantius II promotes his cousin Julian to the rank of Caesar, entrusting him with
- ^ Canadian Hurricane Centre (2001). 2001 Tropical Cyclone Season Summary. Retrieved on 2006-11-06. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 355 - Roman Emperor Constantius II promotes his cousin Julian to the rank of Caesar, entrusting him with
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