Citizendia

Hugh Everett III
BornNovember 11, 1930(1930-11-11)
Maryland, U.S.
DiedJuly 19, 1982 (aged 51)
McLean, Virginia, U.S.
ResidenceU.S.
NationalityAmerican
FieldsPhysicist
InstitutionsInstitute for Defense Analyses, Monowave Corporation
Alma materThe Catholic University of America, Princeton University
Doctoral advisorJohn Archibald Wheeler
Known forMany-worlds interpretation, quantum physics
Religious stanceAtheist
Notes
Father of Mark Oliver Everett

Hugh Everett III (November 11, 1930 – July 19, 1982) was an American physicist who first proposed the many-worlds interpretation (MWI) of quantum physics, which he called his "relative state" formulation. Events 308 - The Congress of Carnuntum: Attempting to keep peace within the Roman Empire, the leaders of the Tetrarchy declare Year 1930 ( MCMXXX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display 1930 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Events 711 - Muslim forces under Tariq ibn Ziyad defeat the Visigoths led by their king Roderic. Year 1982 ( MCMLXXXII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar) McLean (pronounced "mick-CLANE") is an Unincorporated community located in Fairfax County in Northern Virginia. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The United States of America —commonly referred to as the A physicist is a Scientist who studies or practices Physics. Physicists study a wide range of physical phenomena in many branches of physics spanning The Institute for Defense Analyses (IDA is a non-profit corporation that administers three Federally funded research and development centers (FFRDCs to assist the United States Monowave is a small research company located in Seattle Washington, primarily involved in research on machine Speech recognition. Alma mater is Latin for "nourishing mother" It was used in Ancient Rome as a title for the mother Goddess, and in Medieval The Catholic University of America ( CUA) located in Northeast Washington D Princeton University is a private Coeducational research university located in Princeton, New Jersey. A doctorate is an Academic degree that indicates the highest level of academic achievement John Archibald Wheeler ( July 9, 1911 &ndash April 13, 2008) was an eminent American Theoretical physicist. The many-worlds interpretation or MWI (also known as relative state formulation, theory of the universal wavefunction, parallel universes, Quantum mechanics is the study of mechanical systems whose dimensions are close to the Atomic scale such as Molecules Atoms Electrons Mark Oliver Everett (born April 10, 1963, in Virginia) is the lead singer guitarist keyboardist and sometime drummer of the independent rock band Events 308 - The Congress of Carnuntum: Attempting to keep peace within the Roman Empire, the leaders of the Tetrarchy declare Year 1930 ( MCMXXX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display 1930 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 711 - Muslim forces under Tariq ibn Ziyad defeat the Visigoths led by their king Roderic. Year 1982 ( MCMLXXXII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar) The many-worlds interpretation or MWI (also known as relative state formulation, theory of the universal wavefunction, parallel universes, Quantum mechanics is the study of mechanical systems whose dimensions are close to the Atomic scale such as Molecules Atoms Electrons He left physics after completing his Ph. D. , discouraged at the lack of response to his theories from other physicists. He developed the use of generalized Lagrange multipliers in operations research and applied this commercially as a defense analyst and a consultant, becoming a multi-millionaire. In mathematical optimization problems the method of Lagrange multipliers, named after Joseph Louis Lagrange, is a method for finding the extrema of Operations Research (OR in North America South Africa and Australia and Operational Research in Europe is an interdisciplinary branch of applied Mathematics and He was married to Nancy Everett née Gore, with two children, Mark Oliver Everett (frontman of the band Eels) and Elizabeth Everett. Mark Oliver Everett (born April 10, 1963, in Virginia) is the lead singer guitarist keyboardist and sometime drummer of the independent rock band Eels (often typeset as eels or EELS) is an American rock band formed by singer/songwriter Mark Oliver Everett, better known as A Man Called

Contents

Biography

Everett was born in Maryland and raised in the Washington, D.C. area. Washington DC ( formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, the District, or simply D After World War II, Everett's father was stationed in West Germany, and Hugh visited Leipzig in East Germany in 1949. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including West Germany ( Inf German: Westdeutschland or West-Deutschland) was the common English name for the Federal Republic of Germany ( This sort of fix restores section edit linkpoints to where they belong The German Democratic Republic ( GDR; Deutsche Demokratische Republik DDR; commonly known in English as East Germany) was a Socialist state He graduated from The Catholic University of America in 1953 in chemical engineering, and then received a National Science Foundation fellowship that allowed him to attend Princeton University. The Catholic University of America ( CUA) located in Northeast Washington D Chemical engineering is the branch of Engineering that deals with the application of Physical science (e The National Science Foundation (NSF is a United States Government agency that supports fundamental Research and Education in all the non-medical Princeton University is a private Coeducational research university located in Princeton, New Jersey. He started his studies at Princeton in the Mathematics Department working on the then-new field of game theory, but slowly drifted into physics. Game theory is a branch of Applied mathematics that is used in the Social sciences (most notably Economics) Biology, Engineering, In 1953 he started taking his first physics courses, notably Introductory Quantum Mechanics with Robert Dicke. Robert Henry Dicke ( May 6 1916 &ndash March 4 1997) was an American Physicist, who made important contributions to the fields of

For his second term at Princeton, starting in 1954, he moved into the Physics Department. His main course that year was Methods of Mathematical Physics with Eugene Wigner, although he stayed active in math and presented a paper on military game theory in December. Eugene Paul "EP" Wigner ( Hungarian Wigner Pál Jenő) ( November 17, 1902 &ndash January 1, 1995) was a He passed his general exams in the spring of 1955, thereby gaining his Master's degree, and then started work on his dissertation that would (much) later make him famous. He switched thesis advisors to John Wheeler some time in 1955, completed his paper in January 1956 as The Theory of the Universal Wave Function, and eventually defended his thesis after some delay in the spring of 1957. John Archibald Wheeler ( July 9, 1911 &ndash April 13, 2008) was an eminent American Theoretical physicist. A short article summarizing his relative state interpretation appeared in Reviews of Modern Physics Vol 29 #3 454-462, (July 1957), accompanied by a supportive review by Wheeler. The physics world took little note.

Upon graduation in September 1956, Everett was invited to join the Pentagon's newly-forming Weapons Systems Evaluation Group (WSEG), run by the Institute for Defense Analyses. The Institute for Defense Analyses (IDA is a non-profit corporation that administers three Federally funded research and development centers (FFRDCs to assist the United States He was soon sent to Sandia National Laboratories to learn about nuclear weapons and became a fan of computer modelling while there. Sandia National Laboratories which is managed and operated by the Sandia Corporation (a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation) is a major United A nuclear weapon is an explosive device that derives its destructive force from Nuclear reactions either fission or a combination of fission and fusion. In 1957 he became director of the WSEG's Department of Physical and Mathematical Sciences. However, Everett soon had to leave work at WSEG to return to Princeton for his thesis defense. When he returned to WSEG he immediately recommenced his research, most of which remains classified. It is known that he worked on various studies of the Minuteman missile project, which was then starting, as well as The Distribution and Effects of Fallout in Large Nuclear Weapon Campaigns. The LGM-30 Minuteman is a United States nuclear Missile, a land-based Intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM

During March and April 1959, at Wheeler's request, Everett visited Copenhagen in order to meet with Niels Bohr, considered to be the "father of quantum mechanics". Niels Henrik David Bohr (nels ˈb̥oɐ̯ˀ in Danish 7 October 1885 – 18 November 1962 was a Danish Physicist who made fundamental contributions to understanding Quantum mechanics is the study of mechanical systems whose dimensions are close to the Atomic scale such as Molecules Atoms Electrons Bohr was unimpressed, and refused to take Everett's ideas very seriously. Everett was crestfallen, but while in his hotel he started work on a new idea to use Lagrange multipliers for optimization that would later lead to financial success. In mathematical optimization problems the method of Lagrange multipliers, named after Joseph Louis Lagrange, is a method for finding the extrema of

In August 1964 the Defense Research Corporation (DRC) spun off the Lambda Division to apply military modeling solutions to various civilian problems. Everett left the WSEG and became the head of the new Division, along with a million dollar budget. The next year they took the division public as Lambda Corporation, a think tank that returned primarily to military research. A think tank (also called a policy institute) is an organization institute corporation or group that conducts Research and engages in advocacy in areas such After three years he stepped down as president in order to focus on research, as by this point the company was growing so rapidly that administration duties were interfering. In the early 1970s the defense budgets were curtailed and most money went to operational duties in the Vietnam War, leading to Lambda eventually being re-purchased by the DRC, now known as General Research Corp. The Vietnam War, also known as the Second Indochina War, or the Vietnam Conflict, occurred in Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia

In 1973 Everett left Lambda to form DBS Corporation in Arlington, Virginia, a computer consulting firm. Much of their work appears to have been in statistical analysis. He appears to have enjoyed programming, and spent the rest of his life working at DBS. He also opened Monowave Corporation with several DBS and family friends. Monowave is a small research company located in Seattle Washington, primarily involved in research on machine Speech recognition.

In 1970 Bryce DeWitt wrote an article for Physics Today on Everett's relative-state theory. Bryce Seligman DeWitt ( January 8, 1923 &ndash September 23, 2004) was a Theoretical physicist best known for formulating Canonical Physics Today magazine created in 1948 is the membership journal of The American Institute of Physics. This time the physics world seemed much more interested, and a flood of letters followed. Meanwhile Bryce DeWitt, who had corresponded with Everett on the many-worlds (DeWitt's phrase) / relative state interpretation when originally published in 1957, started editing an anthology on interpretations of quantum mechanics gathered from over 500 papers. Bryce Seligman DeWitt ( January 8, 1923 &ndash September 23, 2004) was a Theoretical physicist best known for formulating Canonical The book was published late in 1973, and it was not long before an article on Everett's work appeared in the science fiction magazine, Analog. In 1977 he was invited to give a talk at a meeting Wheeler arranged at Wheeler's new location at the University of Texas at Austin, where Everett was the star of the show and continually surrounded by a throng of "groupie" students. As his fame grew, Wheeler eventually started the process of returning Everett to a physics career by setting up a new research institute in California, but nothing came of this proposal. Martin Gardner[1] states that Wheeler subsequently came to reject the MWI. Martin Gardner (b October 21, 1914, Tulsa Oklahoma) is a popular American mathematics and science writer specializing in Recreational mathematics

Everett, who believed in quantum immortality, died suddenly at home in his bed on July 19, 1982 of a heart attack at the age of only 51. In Quantum mechanics, quantum suicide was a Thought experiment. Events 711 - Muslim forces under Tariq ibn Ziyad defeat the Visigoths led by their king Roderic. Year 1982 ( MCMLXXXII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar) Myocardial infarction ( MI or AMI for acute myocardial infarction) also known as a heart attack, occurs when the blood supply It is possible that his constant chain-smoking and heavy drinking contributed to this, although he was outwardly healthy at the time. Chain smoking is the practice of lighting a new Cigarette for personal consumption immediately after one that is finished sometimes using the finished cigarette to light the A committed atheist, he had asked to be thrown out with the trash after his death. Some time after his cremation, his wife complied.

Of the companies Everett founded, only Monowave Corporation still exists (in Seattle as of November 2007) and is still run by co-founder Elaine Tsiang. Monowave is a small research company located in Seattle Washington, primarily involved in research on machine Speech recognition.

Everett's daughter, Elizabeth, suffered from schizophrenia and committed suicide in 1996 (saying in her suicide note that she was going to a parallel universe to be with her father), and in 1998, his wife, Nancy, died of cancer. Schizophrenia ( from the Greek roots schizein (σχίζειν "to split" and phrēn Everett's son, Mark Oliver Everett, who found Everett dead, is also known as "E" and is the lead singer and songwriter for the band Eels. Mark Oliver Everett (born April 10, 1963, in Virginia) is the lead singer guitarist keyboardist and sometime drummer of the independent rock band Eels (often typeset as eels or EELS) is an American rock band formed by singer/songwriter Mark Oliver Everett, better known as A Man Called The Eels album Electro-Shock Blues, which was written during this time period, is reflective of these deaths. Electro-Shock Blues is the second Album by the band Eels, released in 1998 Mark explored his father's work in the hour-long BBC television documentary "Parallel Worlds, Parallel Lives". [2][3][4][5]

See also

Footnotes

  1. ^ Gardner, Martin (July 2003). Bryce Seligman DeWitt ( January 8, 1923 &ndash September 23, 2004) was a Theoretical physicist best known for formulating Canonical David Elieser Deutsch FRS (born 1953 in Haifa, Israel) is a Physicist at the University of Oxford. Modal realism is the view notably propounded by David Lewis, that Possible worlds are as real as the actual world Martin Gardner (b October 21, 1914, Tulsa Oklahoma) is a popular American mathematics and science writer specializing in Recreational mathematics "Multiverses and Blackberries", Are Universes Thicker Than Blackberries?. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. W W Norton & Company is an American book publishing company that has remained independent since its founding ISBN 0-393-05742-9.  
  2. ^ Last night's TV: Parallel Worlds, Parallel Lives, Nancy Banks-Smith, Guardian blog, 27 November 2007.
  3. ^ Parallel Worlds, Parallel Lives BBC Four documentary about Eels founder Mark Everett and his father, Band Weblogs, 16 November 2007.
  4. ^ "Parallel Worlds, Parallel Lives", BBC Press Release
  5. ^ "Parallel Worlds, Parallel Lives", BBC iPlayer

Many-worlds references

Operations research references

Biographical sources


Persondata
NAMEEverett, Hugh, III
ALTERNATIVE NAMES
SHORT DESCRIPTIONAmerican Physicist
DATE OF BIRTHNovember 11, 1930
PLACE OF BIRTHMaryland, U.S.
DATE OF DEATHJuly 19, 1982
PLACE OF DEATHMcLean, Virginia, U.S.
The United States of America —commonly referred to as the A physicist is a Scientist who studies or practices Physics. Physicists study a wide range of physical phenomena in many branches of physics spanning Events 308 - The Congress of Carnuntum: Attempting to keep peace within the Roman Empire, the leaders of the Tetrarchy declare Year 1930 ( MCMXXX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display 1930 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Events 711 - Muslim forces under Tariq ibn Ziyad defeat the Visigoths led by their king Roderic. Year 1982 ( MCMLXXXII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar) McLean (pronounced "mick-CLANE") is an Unincorporated community located in Fairfax County in Northern Virginia. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the
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