| Saint Hubertus | |
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| "Apostle of the Ardennes" | |
| Born | c. The Biblioteca Nazionale Marciana, the National Library of St Mark's, is one of the earliest surviving public manuscript depositories in Italy and holds one of For the political subdivision of France see Ardennes (department. 656-658, Toulouse |
| Died | May 30, 727, Tervuren near Brussels, Belgium |
| Venerated in | Roman Catholic Church |
| Feast | 3 November |
| Attributes | bishop celebrating Mass as an angel brings him a scroll; bishop with a hound and hunting horn; bishop with a stag with a crucifix; horn; horse; huntsman adoring a stag with a crucifix in its antlers; kneeling before a stag as an angel brings him a stole; kneeling in prayer, a hound before him and often with hunting gear nearby; knight with a banner showing the stag's head and crucifix; stag; stag with a crucifix over its head; young courtier with two hounds |
| Patronage | patron saint of hunters, mathematicians, opticians and metalworkers |
 Saints Portal |
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Saint Hubertus or Hubert (born c. Events By Place Europe Oswiu of Northumbria annexes Mercia Asia The Battle of Events By place Europe The Union of Slavic Tribes falls apart after King Samo 's death Toulouse ( pronounced in standard French, and in the local accent ( Occitan: Tolosa, pronounced) is a city in southwest Events 1416 - The Council of Constance, called by the Emperor Sigismund a supporter of Antipope John XXIII burns Jerome of Prague following Events By Topic Religion Pope Gregory II condemns Iconoclasm, causing Byzantine Italy to break with the Empire Tervuren is a Municipality in the province of Flemish Brabant, in Flanders, one of the three regions of Belgium. Brussels (Bruxelles pronounced; Brussel pronounced) officially the Brussels Capital-Region, is The Kingdom of Belgium is a Country in northwest Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts its headquarters as well as those The Calendar of saints is a traditional Christian method of organizing a Liturgical year on the level of days by associating each day with one or more Saints Christianity has used symbols from its very beginnings Each Saint has a story and a reason why he or she led an exemplary life A hound is a type of Dog that assists Hunters by tracking or chasing the animal being hunted. A deer is a Ruminant Mammal belonging to the family Cervidae. The patron saint of a particular group of people is a Saint who would protect and 'love' the group and its members The patron saint of a particular group of people is a Saint who would protect and 'love' the group and its members 656 to 658, probably in Toulouse; died May 30, 727 or 728 in Tervuren near Brussels, Belgium), called the "Apostle of the Ardennes" was the first Bishop of Liège. Events By Place Europe Oswiu of Northumbria annexes Mercia Asia The Battle of Events By place Europe The Union of Slavic Tribes falls apart after King Samo 's death Toulouse ( pronounced in standard French, and in the local accent ( Occitan: Tolosa, pronounced) is a city in southwest Events 1416 - The Council of Constance, called by the Emperor Sigismund a supporter of Antipope John XXIII burns Jerome of Prague following Events By Topic Religion Pope Gregory II condemns Iconoclasm, causing Byzantine Italy to break with the Empire Events By Place Europe Liutprand King of the Lombards occupies all of the exarchate. Tervuren is a Municipality in the province of Flemish Brabant, in Flanders, one of the three regions of Belgium. Brussels (Bruxelles pronounced; Brussel pronounced) officially the Brussels Capital-Region, is The Kingdom of Belgium is a Country in northwest Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts its headquarters as well as those For the political subdivision of France see Ardennes (department. The Bishopric of Liège or Prince-Bishopric of Liège was a state of the Holy Roman Empire in the Low Countries in present Belgium Hubertus is a Christian saint, the patron saint of hunters, mathematicians, opticians and metalworkers, and used to be invoked to cure rabies. A Christian is a person who adheres to Christianity, a monotheistic Religion centered on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth A saint (from the Latin sanctus) is a human being to whom has been attributed (and who has generally demonstrated a high level of Holiness and Sanctity The patron saint of a particular group of people is a Saint who would protect and 'love' the group and its members Rabies (from rabies “madness rage fury” Also known as “ hydrophobia ” is a viral Zoonotic neuroinvasive disease that Saint Hubert was widely venerated in the Middle Ages. The iconography of his legend is entangled with the legend of St Eustace. For the Lithuanian saint see Eustace of Vilnius. Saint Eustace, also known as Eustachius or Eustathius, was a legendary
The Bollandists published seven early lives of this popular saint (Acta Sanctorum November, i. The Bollandists are an association of scholars - originally all Jesuit, but now including non-Jesuits -- philologists and historians -- who since the early seventeenth century Acta Sanctorum ( Acts of the Saints ' is an encyclopedic text in 68 folio volumes of documents examining the lives of Christian saints in essence a critical 759-930), the first being the work of a contemporary. Unfortunately, it is very sparing of details.
Contents |
Youth
Hubert was the eldest son and apparent heir of Boggis/Bertrand, Duke of Aquitaine. Boggis, Bohggis, or Bodogisel (died circa 660 was the Duke of Aquitaine from the death of Chilperic of Aquitaine in 632 until his death The Duke of Aquitaine ( French: Duc d'Aquitaine) ruled the historical region of Aquitaine under the supremacy of the Frankish and later the [1] Bertrand's wife is variously given in hagiographies as Hugbern, and as Afre, and sister of Saint Oda or perhaps Oda herself, the uncertainty being a mark of the low rating accorded women in Merovingian culture, where kings fathered heirs upon peasant women. For Saint Oda of Canterbury see Oda the Severe Saint Oda of Scotland (c Modern genealogy often lists Aude or Ode as a wife of Bertrand and mother of Hubert's brother Eudo.
As a youth, Hubert was sent to the Neustrian court of Theuderic III at Paris, where his charm and agreeable address led to his investment with the dignity of "count of the palace". The territory of Neustria or Neustrasia, meaning "new land" originated in 511 made up of the regions from Aquitaine to the English Channel, Theuderic III (or Theuderich, Theoderic, or Theodoric; in French, Thierry) (654 – 691 was the king of Neustria (including This article gives details on the history of the Count Palatine in Mediaeval European Palatinate regions and social structure Like all nobles of the time, Hubert was addicted to the chase. Meanwhile, the tyrannical conduct of Ebroin, mayor of the Neustrian palace, caused a general emigration of the nobles and others to the court of Austrasia at Metz. Ebroin (died 680 or 681 was the Frankish Mayor of the palace of Neustria on two occasions firstly from 658 to his deposition in 673 and secondly from Mayor of the Palace was an early medieval Title and Office, also called Majordomo, from the Latin title Maior domus ("superior Austrasia (rarely Austria, both meaning "eastern land" formed the north-eastern portion of the Kingdom of the Merovingian Franks, comprising Metz (mɛs in French) is a city in the northeast of France, capital of the Lorraine région and Préfecture Hubert soon followed them and was warmly welcomed by Pippin of Heristal, mayor of the palace, who created him almost immediately grand-master of the household. Pepin (also Pippin, Pipin, or Peppin) of Herstal (c 635 &ndash 16 December 714) was the Mayor of the Palace About this time (682) Hubert married Floribanne, daughter of Dagobert, Count of Leuven, a great and suitable match. Leuven ( French: Louvain, often used in English German: Löwen) is the capital of the province of Flemish Brabant in the Their son Floribert would later become bishop of Liège, for bishoprics were all but accounted fiefs heritable in the great families of the Merovingian kingdoms. Liège (ljɛːʒ Older English: Luick, Walloon: Lidje, German: Lüttich; Latin: Leodium, Dutch
Hubertus' withdrawal
Unfortunately, his wife died giving birth to their son, and Hubert retreated from the court, withdrew into the forested Ardennes, and gave himself up entirely to hunting. But a great spiritual revolution was imminent. On Good Friday morning, when the faithful were crowding the churches, Hubert sallied forth to the chase. As he was pursuing a magnificent stag or hart, the animal turned and, as the pious legend narrates, he was astounded at perceiving a crucifix standing between its antlers, while he heard a voice saying: "Hubert, unless thou turnest to the Lord, and leadest an holy life, thou shalt quickly go down into hell". The Red Deer ( Cervus elaphus) is one of the largest Deer species Hubert dismounted, prostrated himself and said, "Lord, what wouldst Thou have me do?" He received the answer, "Go and seek Lambert, and he will instruct you. "
The story of the hart appears first in one of the later legendary hagiographies (Bibliotheca hagiographica latina, nos. 3994-4002) and has been appropriated from the legend of Saint Eustace or Placidus. For the Lithuanian saint see Eustace of Vilnius. Saint Eustace, also known as Eustachius or Eustathius, was a legendary It was first attributed to St. Hubert in the 15th century. The apparition may hark back to an older Celtic tale, recorded in the Mabinogion, where Arawn, Lord of the Underworld, is crowned with antlers, while also calling to mind the legend of the Martenitsa surrounding the death of Avar Khagan Kubrat c. In Welsh mythology, Arawn was the king of the Otherworld realm of Annwn. Martenitsa (мартеница /ˈmartɛniʦa/ plural мартеници martenitsi) is a small piece of adornment made of white and red yarn and worn from March 1st until For other titles related to and uses of Khan, see that article Origin The title Kubrat or Kurt (Кубрат Χουβρατις was a Bulgar ruler credited with establishing the confederation of Old Great Bulgaria in 632 656/8.
Hubertus as a cleric and bishop
Be that as it may, Hubert set out immediately for Maastricht, for there Lambert was bishop. Maastricht ( Dutch; Limburgish and city dialect Mestreech; French: Maestricht or Maëstricht; Spanish: Saint Lambert or Landebertus (c 636 - c 700 was the Bishop of Maastricht ( Tongeren) from about 670 until his death Saint Lambert received Hubert kindly, and became his spiritual director. Hubert now renounced all his very considerable honors, and gave up his birthright to the Aquitaine to his younger brother Odo, whom he made guardian of his infant son, Floribert. For the later duke of Aquitaine and also Gascony with the same name see Odo of Gascony. Having distributed all his personal wealth among the poor, he studied for the priesthood, was soon ordained, and shortly afterwards became one of St. Lambert's chief associates in the administration of his diocese. By the advice of St. Lambert, Hubert made a pilgrimage to Rome in 708, but during his absence, Lambert was assassinated by the followers of Pippin. According to the hagiographies of Hubert, this act was simultaneously revealed to the pope in a vision, together with an injunction to appoint Hubert bishop of Maastricht. The Bishopric of Liège or Prince-Bishopric of Liège was a state of the Holy Roman Empire in the Low Countries in present Belgium
He distributed his episcopal revenues among the poor, was diligent in fasting and prayer, and became famous for his eloquence in the pulpit. In 720, in obedience to a vision, Hubert translated St. In Christianity, the translation of Relics is the removal of holy objects from one locality (such as a Tomb) to another (usually a Reliquary in Lambert's remains from Maastrict to Liège with great pomp and ceremonial, several neighboring bishops assisting. A basilica for the relics was built upon the site of Lambert's martyrdom, and was made a cathedral the following year, the see being removed from Maastricht to Liège, then only a small village. This laid the foundation of the future greatness of Liège, of which Saint Lambert is honored as patron, and Saint Hubert as founder and first bishop.
Hubert actively evangelised among the pagans in the extensive Ardennes forests and in Toxandria, a district stretching from near Tongeren to the confluence of the Waal and the Rhine. For the political subdivision of France see Ardennes (department. Toxandria is the classical name for a region between the Meuse and the Scheldt rivers in The Netherlands and Belgium.
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Hubertus died peacefully in Fura, Brabant, May 30, 727 or 728. He was first buried in the collegiate church of St. Peter, Liège, but his bones were exhumed and translated to the Benedictine Abbey of Amdain ("Andagium", in French "Andage", the present-day Saint-Hubert, Belgium) in the Ardennes in 825. Saint-Hubert is a Municipality of Belgium. It lies in the country's Walloon Region and Luxembourg Province. The abbey became a focus for pilgrimages, until the coffin disappeared during the Reformation. The Protestant Reformation was a reform movement in Europe that began in 1517 though its roots lie further back in time His feast day is the 3rd of November, probably the date of the translation of his relics to Amdain.
Veneration
Saint Hubert was widely venerated in the Middle Ages and partly because of his noble birth several military orders were named after him: the Bavarian, the Bohemian and that of the Archbishop-Elector of Cologne. Bavaria ( German:, with an area of 70553 Km² (27241 square miles and almost 12 Bohemia (Čechy; Bohemia Czechy is a historical region in central Europe, occupying the western two-thirds of the traditional Czech Lands, currently the Bishops and Archbishops of Cologne Bishops of Colonia Agrippina, 88–784 All names before Maternus ('II' are to be approached with considerable Saint Hubert of Liège is patron of archers; dogs; forest workers; hunting; huntsmen; Liege, Belgium; mathematicians; metal workers; Saint-Lamberge, Belgium; smelters; and trappers. Hubertus, along with Quirinus of Neuss, Cornelius and Anthony, was venerated as one of the Four Holy Marshals ('Vier Marschälle Gottes) in the Rhineland. Saint Quirinus of Neuss (Quirin Quirinus sometimes called Quirinus of Rome (which is the name shared by another martyr) is venerated as a Martyr and Saint Anthony the Great (c 251–356 also known as Anthony the Abbot, Anthony of Egypt, Anthony of the Desert, Anthony the Anchorite, The Four Holy Marshals ( Vier Marschälle Gottes or just Vier Marschälle) were four Saints venerated in the Rhineland, especially at Cologne The Rhineland ( Rheinland in German) is the general name for the land on both sides of the river Rhine in the west of Germany. [2][3] [4] The St. Hubertus Orden (Order of Saint Hubert), a chivalric order, was founded in 1444 by Gerhard V of Jülich and Berg. Chivalric orders are orders of Knights that were created by European monarchs in imitation of the Military orders of the Crusades. [5]
Gallery
 A sculptural depiction of the miracle of the stag at Château d'Amboise, France. The royal Château at Amboise is a Château located in Amboise, in the Indre-et-Loire département of the Loire Valley |
 The Vision of Saint Hubert (ca. 1617) by J. Brueghel and P. P. Rubens, Prado, Madrid. Jan Brueghel the Elder (b 1568 Brussels - January 13 1625, Antwerp) was a Flemish painter, son of Pieter Brueghel The Museo del Prado is a Museum and Art gallery located in Madrid, the capital of Spain. |
 A print in the style of an illuminated manuscript showing Hubert of Liège with the stag. An illuminated manuscript is a Manuscript in which the text is supplemented by the addition of decoration such as decorated Initials borders and |
See also
Notes
- ^ Das Ökumenische Heiligenlexikon
- ^ http://www.heiligenlexikon.de/BiographienQ/Quirinus_von_Rom_von_Neuss.htm
- ^ http://www.soetele.de/links/quellen/kalvarien/muhresoat/marschaelle/marschaelle.html
- ^ http://www.ahrdorf.de/html/body_die_kapelle.html
- ^ http://www.heraldica.org/topics/orders/ordhist.htm
External links
- Catholic Encyclopedia: Saint Hubert
- Military Orders of St. Hubert - From the Catholic Encyclopedia
- (German) Extract from Das Ökumenische Heiligenlexikon; illustration of Jan van Eyck's: Ghent Altarpiece, 1432, with scenes from the life of Saint Hubert
- Painting from the National Gallery, London The Conversion of Saint Hubert
- Saint Hubert
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