Citizendia

Not to be confused with the unrelated province of Hebei. ( Postal map spelling: Hopeh) is a northern province of the People's Republic of China.
Hubei Province
Chinese : 湖北省
Húběi Shěng
Abbreviations: 鄂  (pinyin: È)
Hubei is highlighted on this map
Origin of name 湖 hú - lake
北 běi - north
"north of Lake Dongting"
Administration type Province
Capital
(and largest city)		 Wuhan
CPC Ctte Secretary Luo Qingquan
Governor Li Hongzhong
Area 185,900 km² (71,800 sq mi) (14th)
Population (2004)
 - Density		 60,160,000 (9th)
324 /km² (840 /sq mi) (12th)
GDP (2006)
 - per capita		 CNY 758. Pinyin, more formally Hanyu pinyin, is the most common Standard Mandarin Romanization system in use Lake Dongting, or Dongting Lake ( is a large shallow Lake in northeastern Hunan Province of China. A province, in the context of China, is a translation of sheng ( which is an administrative division ( is the capital of Hubei province and is the most populous city in central People's Republic of China. The Communist Party of China ( CPC) ( also known as the Chinese Communist Party ( CCP) is the founding and ruling political party of the A committee (some of which are titled instead as a "Commission" or other terms discussed below in) is a type of small Deliberative assembly that is usually intended Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. This is a list of the first-level administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China (PRC including all provinces autonomous regions special administrative In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume This is a list of the first-level administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China (PRC including all provinces autonomous regions municipalities This articles lists of the first-level administrative divisions of People's Republic of China (P Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. 1 billion (12th)
CNY 13,169 (17th)
HDI (2005) 0. This is a list of the first-level administrative divisions of Mainland China (including all provinces autonomous regions and municipalities in order of their total Gross This is a list of the first-level administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China (PRC including all provinces autonomous regions and municipalities in order of The Human Development Index ( HDI) is an index combining normalized measures of Life expectancy, Literacy, Educational attainment, and GDP Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. 755 (medium) (15th)
Major nationalities Han - 95. The following is a list of ethnic groups in China where "China" is taken to mean areas controlled by either of the two states using "China" in their formal Han Chinese ( are an Ethnic group native to China and by most modern definitions the largest single Ethnic group in the world. 6%
Tujia - 3. The Tujia (土家族 Pinyin:Tǔjiāzú Endonym: Bizika 毕兹卡 with a total Population of over 8 million is the 6th largest ethnic 7%
Miao - 0. The terms Hmong (m̥ɔ̃ŋ and Mong ( both refer to an Asian ethnic group in the mountainous regions of southern China. 4%
Prefecture-level 13 divisions
County-level 102 divisions
Township-level† 1235 divisions
ISO 3166-2 CN-42
Official website
http://www.hubei.gov.cn
(Simplified Chinese)
Source for population and GDP data:
《中国统计年鉴—2005》 China Statistical Yearbook 2005
ISBN 7503747382
Source for nationalities data:
《2000年人口普查中国民族人口资料》 Tabulation on nationalities of 2000 population census of China
ISBN 7105054255
† As at December 31, 2004

Hubei (help·info) (Chinese: 湖北; pinyin: Húběi; Wade-Giles: Hu-pei; Postal map spelling: Hupeh) is a central province of the People's Republic of China. Prefecture, in the context of China, is used to refer to several unrelated political divisions in both ancient and modern China. In the context of Political divisions of China, county is the standard English translation of 县 ( xiàn) Township ( is the basic level of political divisions in China. ISO 3166-2 is the second part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO Events 406 – Vandals, Alans and Suebians cross the Rhine, beginning an invasion of Gallia. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Pinyin, more formally Hanyu pinyin, is the most common Standard Mandarin Romanization system in use Wade-Giles (ˌweɪdˈʤaɪlz) sometimes abbreviated Wade, is a Romanization system (phonetic notation and Transcription) for the Mandarin Chinese Postal Map Romanization ( Traditional Chinese: 郵政式拼音 Simplified Chinese: 邮政式拼音 Pinyin: Yóuzhèngshì Pīnyīn refers to the A province, in the context of China, is a translation of sheng ( which is an administrative division Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES Its abbreviation is 鄂 (pinyin: È), an ancient name associated with the eastern part of the province since the Qin Dynasty. Pinyin, more formally Hanyu pinyin, is the most common Standard Mandarin Romanization system in use Not to be confused with the Qing Dynasty, the last dynasty of China The name Hubei means "north of the lake", referring to Hubei's position north of Dongting Lake. Lake Dongting, or Dongting Lake ( is a large shallow Lake in northeastern Hunan Province of China. [1] The capital of Hubei is Wuhan. ( is the capital of Hubei province and is the most populous city in central People's Republic of China.

Hubei borders Henan to the north, Anhui to the east, Jiangxi to the southeast, Hunan to the south, Chongqing to the west, and Shaanxi to the northwest. Henan ( is a province of the People's Republic of China, located in the central part of the country Anhui (in Chinese: 安徽 Ānhuī) is a province of the People's Republic of China. ( Postal map spelling: Kiangsi is a southern province of the People's Republic of China, spanning from the banks of the Yangtze River ( is a province of China, located in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and south of Lake Dongting (hence the name Hunan, meaning Chongqing ( Postal map spelling: Chungking; Wade-Giles: Ch'ung-ch'ing) is the largest and most populous of the People's Republic of China ( Postal map spelling: Shensi) is a north-central province of the People's Republic of China, and includes portions of the Loess The high-profile Three Gorges Dam is located in Yichang, in western Hubei. Zh-yue三峽大壩 The Three Gorges Dam ( is a hydroelectric River Dam that spans the Yangtze River in Sandouping, Yichang (宜昌 Pinyin: Yíchāng is a Prefecture-level city in Hubei province of China.

A popular unofficial name for Hubei is Chu (Chinese: 楚; pinyin: Chǔ), after the powerful state of Chu that existed here during the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. Pinyin, more formally Hanyu pinyin, is the most common Standard Mandarin Romanization system in use Chǔ ( 楚) was a kingdom in what is now central and southern China during the Spring and Autumn period ( 722 - 481 BC) and The Zhou Dynasty ( POJ: Chiu Tiau 1122 BC to 256 BC was preceded by the Shang Dynasty and followed by the Qin Dynasty in China.

Contents

History

By the Spring and Autumn Period (770 BC - 476 BC), Hubei was home to the powerful state of Chu. The Spring and Autumn Period ( was a period in Chinese history which roughly corresponds to the first half of the Eastern Zhou dynasty (from the second half of the 8th century BC Events and trends 778 BC — Agamestor King of Athens, dies after a reign of 17 years and is succeeded by his son Aeschylus Events By place Greece Convicted in Sparta on the charge of accepting a bribe from the Aleudae family whilst leading Chǔ ( 楚) was a kingdom in what is now central and southern China during the Spring and Autumn period ( 722 - 481 BC) and Chu was nominally a tributary state of the Zhou Dynasty, and it was itself an extension of the Chinese civilization that had emerged some centuries before in the north; but it was also culturally unique, and was a powerful state that held onto much of the middle and lower Yangtze River, with power extending northwards into the North China Plain. The Zhou Dynasty ( POJ: Chiu Tiau 1122 BC to 256 BC was preceded by the Shang Dynasty and followed by the Qin Dynasty in China. The North China Plain ( is based on the deposits of the Huang He (Yellow River and is the largest Alluvial plain of eastern Asia.

During the Warring States Period (475 BC - 221 BC) Chu became the major adversary of the upstart state of Qin to the northwest (in what is now Shaanxi province), which began to assert itself by outward expansionism. The Warring States Period ( also known as the Era of Warring States covers the period from some time in the 5th century BC to the unification of China by the Events By place Greece Cimon leads an Athenian attack on the island of Skyros and expels the Events By place Carthage The Carthaginian general Hasdrubal is murdered by a Celtic assassin while campaigning to increase Qín or Ch'in ( Wade-Giles) (秦 ( 778 BC - 207 BC) was a State during the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods ( Postal map spelling: Shensi) is a north-central province of the People's Republic of China, and includes portions of the Loess As wars between Qin and Chu ensued, Chu lost more and more land: first its dominance over the Sichuan Basin, then (in 278 BC) its heartland, which correspond to modern Hubei. The Sichuan basin ( Chinese: 四川盆地 is a lowland region in southwestern China. Events By place Seleucid Empire After their defeats in Greece, the Gauls move into Asia Minor. In 223 BC Qin chased down the remnants of the Chu regime, which had fled eastwards, as part of Qin's bid for the conquest of all China. Events By place Seleucid Empire The Seleucid king Seleucus III is assassinated in Phrygia by members of his army

Qin founded the Qin Dynasty in 221 BC, the first unified state in China. Not to be confused with the Qing Dynasty, the last dynasty of China Events By place Carthage The Carthaginian general Hasdrubal is murdered by a Celtic assassin while campaigning to increase Qin was succeeded by the Han Dynasty in 206 BC, which established the province (zhou) of Jingzhou in what is now Hubei and Hunan. The Han Dynasty ( 206 BC–220 AD followed the Qin Dynasty and preceded the Three Kingdoms in China. Events By place Roman Republic In the Battle of Ilipa ( Alcalá del Río, near Seville) in Spain, the The zhōu (州 was a historical political division of China. First established during the Han Dynasty, zhou continued to exist until the establishment ( is a province of China, located in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and south of Lake Dongting (hence the name Hunan, meaning Near the end of the Han Dynasty in the beginning of the 3rd century, Jingzhou was ruled by regional warlord Liu Biao. The Han Dynasty ( 206 BC–220 AD followed the Qin Dynasty and preceded the Three Kingdoms in China. The 3rd century is the period from 201 to 300 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian / Common Era. Liú Biǎo (? - August208 AD was the governor of the Jing province during the late Eastern Han Dynasty After his death, Liu Biao's realm was surrendered by his successors to Cao Cao, a powerful warlord who had conquered nearly all of north China; but in the Battle of Red Cliffs, warlords Liu Bei and Sun Quan drove Cao Cao out of Jingzhou. Cáo Cāo ( 曹[[wikt 操|操]] 155 &ndash March 15, 220) was a regional Warlord and the penultimate Chancellor of the The Battle of Red Cliffs, otherwise known as the Battle of Chibi, ( was a decisive battle at the End of Han Dynasty, immediately prior to the period of the Three Liu Bei (161– June 21 223) styled Xuándé (玄徳 was a general warlord and later the founding emperor of Shu Han during the Sun Quan ( (182 - 252 son of Sun Jian, courtesy name Zhòngmóu (仲謀 formally Emperor Da of (Eastern Wu was the founder of Eastern Wu Liu Bei then took control of Jingzhou; he went on to conquer Yizhou (the Sichuan Basin), but lost Jingzhou to Sun Quan; for the next few decades Jingzhou was controlled by the Wu Kingdom, ruled by Sun Quan and his successors. The Sichuan basin ( Chinese: 四川盆地 is a lowland region in southwestern China. Eastern Wu ( Chinese: 東吳 Pinyin: Dōng Wú also known as Sun Wu ( Traditional Chinese: 孫吳 pinyin Sūn Wú refers to a

Detail of an embroidered silk gauze ritual garment from a 4th century BC, Zhou era tomb at Mashan, Hubei province, China.
Detail of an embroidered silk gauze ritual garment from a 4th century BC, Zhou era tomb at Mashan, Hubei province, China. The Zhou Dynasty ( POJ: Chiu Tiau 1122 BC to 256 BC was preceded by the Shang Dynasty and followed by the Qin Dynasty in China. China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National

The incursion of northern nomadic peoples into northern China at the beginning of the 4th century began nearly three centuries of the division of China into a nomad-ruled (but increasingly Sinicized) north and a Han Chinese-ruled south. As a means of recording the passage of Time, the 4th century (per the Julian calendar and Anno Domini / Common era) was that Century Han Chinese ( are an Ethnic group native to China and by most modern definitions the largest single Ethnic group in the world. Hubei, which is in southern China, remained under southern rule for this entire period, until the reunification of China by the Sui Dynasty in 589. The Sui Dynasty ( 581 - 618 AD and in the undertaking of other construction projects including the reconstruction of the Great Wall. Events By Place Europe October 17 — The Adige River overflows its banks flooding the church of St In 617 the Tang Dynasty replaced Sui, and later on the Tang Dynasty placed what is now Hubei under several circuits: Jiangnanxi Circuit in the south; Shannandong Circuit in the west, and Huainan Circuit in the east. Events By Place Europe Heathens revolt in Kent under king Eadbald. The Tang Dynasty ( Middle Chinese: dhɑng (June 18 618&ndashJune 4 907 was an imperial dynasty of China preceded by the Sui Dynasty and followed by In Law, a circuit is an appellate judicial district used in the Court systems of several nations After the Tang Dynasty disintegrated the 10th century, Hubei came under the control of several regional regimes: Jingnan in the center, Wu (later Southern Tang) to the east, and the Five Dynasties to the north. The Tang Dynasty ( Middle Chinese: dhɑng (June 18 618&ndashJune 4 907 was an imperial dynasty of China preceded by the Sui Dynasty and followed by Jingnan (荆南 (also called Nanping (南平 was one of the Ten Kingdoms in south-central China created in 924, marking the beginning of the Wu 吳 (also referred to as Huainan 淮南 was one of the Ten Kingdoms in south-central China which was in existence between the years of 907 and 937 Southern Tang (also referred to as Nantang) ( Chinese: 南唐 Pinyin Nán Táng was one of the Ten Kingdoms in south-central China Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms ( 907-960 was an era of political upheaval in China, beginning in the Tang Dynasty and ending in the Song Dynasty.

The Song Dynasty reunified China in 982 and placed most of Hubei into Jinghubei Circuit, a longer version of Hubei's current name. The Song Dynasty ( Wade-Giles: Sung Ch'ao was a ruling dynasty in China between 960&ndash1279 CE it succeeded the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Events By Place Americas Greenland is discovered by Erik the Red (the first known European contact with North Mongols conquered China fully in 1279, and under their rule the province of Huguang was established, covering Hubei, Hunan, and parts of Guangdong and Guangxi. Huguang ( was a province of China during the Yuan and Ming Dynasty. ( is a province of China, located in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and south of Lake Dongting (hence the name Hunan, meaning Guangdong ( EFEO: Kouangtong; Pinyin Guǎngdōng; Postal map spelling: Kwangtung) is a province on the Guangxi (or Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region;) is a Zhuang autonomous region of the People's Republic of China. During the Mongol rule, in 1334, Hubei was devastated by the world's first recorded outbreak of the Black Death, which spread during the following three centuries to decimate populations throughout Eurasia. The Black Death, or the Black Plague, was one of the deadliest Pandemics in human history widely thought to have been caused by a bacterium named Yersinia (Citation needed, as most authorities say Central Asia, some say India, and at least one says Africa).

The Ming Dynasty drove out the Mongols in 1368, and their version of Huguang province was smaller, and corresponded almost entirely to the modern provinces of Hubei and Hunan combined. The Ming Dynasty ( or Empire of the Great Ming ( was the ruling dynasty of China from 1368 to 1644 following the collapse of the Mongol -led The Manchu Qing Dynasty which had conquered China in 1644 split Huguang into the modern provinces of Hubei and Hunan in 1664. The Manchu people ( Manchu: Manju;, Mongolian: Манж Russian: Маньчжуры are a Tungusic people who originated in Not to be confused with Qin Dynasty, the first dynasty of Imperial China The Qing Dynasty continued to maintain a viceroy of Huguang, however; one of the most famous was Zhang Zhidong, whose modernizing reforms made Hubei (especially Wuhan) into a prosperous center of commerce and industry. A viceroy is a royal official who governs a country or province in the name of and as representative of the Monarch. Zhang Zhidong ( Chinese:張之洞 Pinyin: Zhāng Zhīdòng Wade-Giles: Chang Chih-tung Courtesy Xiàodá (孝達 Pseudonyms ( is the capital of Hubei province and is the most populous city in central People's Republic of China.

In 1911 the Wuchang Uprising took place in modern-day Wuhan, overthrowing the Qing Dynasty and establishing the Republic of China. Year 1911 ( MCMXI) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year The Wuchang Uprising of October 10 1911 started the Xinhai Revolution, which led to the collapse of the Qing Dynasty and the establishment ( is the capital of Hubei province and is the most populous city in central People's Republic of China. Not to be confused with Qin Dynasty, the first dynasty of Imperial China REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES In 1927 Wuhan became the seat of a government established by left-wing elements of the Kuomintang, led by Wang Jingwei; this government was later merged into Chiang Kai-shek's government in Nanjing. Year 1927 ( MCMXXVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Wang Jingwei ( Traditional Chinese: 汪精衛 Simplified Chinese: 汪精卫 Pinyin: Wāng Jīngwèi Wade-Giles: Wang Ching-wei ( Chiang Kai-shek ( POJ: Chiúⁿ Kài-se̍k Jyutping: zoeng2gaai3sek6 GCB ( October 31, 1887 &ndash ( Chinese: 南京 Romanizations Nánjīng ( Pinyin) Nan-ching ( Wade-Giles During World War II the eastern parts of Hubei were conquered and occupied by Japan while the western parts remained under Chinese control. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics.

The construction of the Three Gorges Dam over the Yangtze River began in 1993 near Yichang. Zh-yue三峽大壩 The Three Gorges Dam ( is a hydroelectric River Dam that spans the Yangtze River in Sandouping, Year 1993 ( MCMXCIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar) Yichang (宜昌 Pinyin: Yíchāng is a Prefecture-level city in Hubei province of China. In the following years, authorities resettled millions of people from western Hubei to make way for the construction of the dam.

Geography

The Jianghan Plain takes up most of central and eastern Hubei, while the west and the peripheries are more mountainous, with ranges such as the Wudang Mountains, the Jingshan Mountains, the Daba Mountains, and the Wushan Mountains (in rough north-to-south order). A mountain is a Landform that extends above the surrounding Terrain in a limited area with a peak The Wudang Mountains ( also known as Wu Tang Shan or simply Wudang, are a small Mountain range in the Hubei province of China, just The Dabie Mountains lie to the northeast, on the border with Henan and Anhui; the Tongbai Mountains lie to the north on the border with Henan; to the southeast the Mufu Mountains form the border with Jiangxi. Dabie Mountains ( Chinese: 大别山 Pinyin: Dàbié Shān is a major mountain range ("shan" means "mountain" located in central China Henan ( is a province of the People's Republic of China, located in the central part of the country Anhui (in Chinese: 安徽 Ānhuī) is a province of the People's Republic of China. Henan ( is a province of the People's Republic of China, located in the central part of the country Mufu Mountains (幕阜山 is a range of mountains located on the borders of Jiangxi and Hubei, China. ( Postal map spelling: Kiangsi is a southern province of the People's Republic of China, spanning from the banks of the Yangtze River The eastern half of the Three Gorges (Xiling Gorge and part of Wu Gorge) lies in western Hubei; the other half is in neighbouring Chongqing. The Three Gorges ( Gorgesogg|listen now}} region is a scenic area along the Yangtze River in the People's Republic of China with a total Xiling Gorge ( Chinese: 西陵峡 Pinyin: Xīlíng Xiá is a gorge on the Yangtze River in China. Chongqing ( Postal map spelling: Chungking; Wade-Giles: Ch'ung-ch'ing) is the largest and most populous of the People's Republic of China The highest peak in Hubei is Shennong Peak, found in the Daba Mountains and in the forestry area of Shennongjia; it has an altitude of 3105 m. Forestry is the Art and Science of managing forests tree Plantations and related Natural resources. The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International

The Yangtze River enters Hubei from the west via the Three Gorges; the Hanshui and Shen Nong Stream enter from the north. The Three Gorges ( Gorgesogg|listen now}} region is a scenic area along the Yangtze River in the People's Republic of China with a total The Han River ( in China was often referred to as Hànshǔi (漢水 "Han water" in antiquity Shen Nong Stream is a Tributary of the Yangtze River, located in the Hubei Province of central China. Shen Nong Stream is a tributary of the Yangtze River which has also been degraded by the Three Gorges Dam project. Shen Nong Stream is a Tributary of the Yangtze River, located in the Hubei Province of central China. The Yangtze and Hanshui rivers meet at Wuhan, the provincial capital. Thousands of lakes dot the landscape, giving Hubei the name of: "Province of Lakes"; the largest of these lakes are Lake Liangzi and Lake Honghu. The Danjiangkou Reservoir lies on the border between Hubei and Henan. Henan ( is a province of the People's Republic of China, located in the central part of the country

Hubei has a subtropical climate with distinct seasons. The subtropics are the zones of the Earth immediately north and south of the tropic zone which is bounded by the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Hubei has average temperatures of 1 - 6 °C in winter and of 24 - 30 °C in summer; punishing temperatures of 40 °C or above are famously associated with Wuhan, the provincial capital. The Celsius Temperature scale was previously known as the centigrade scale. Winter is one of the four Seasons of Temperate zones Calculated astronomically, it begins on the Solstice and ends on the Equinox The Celsius Temperature scale was previously known as the centigrade scale. Summer is one of the four Temperate Seasons Summer marks the warmest time of year with the longest days The Celsius Temperature scale was previously known as the centigrade scale. ( is the capital of Hubei province and is the most populous city in central People's Republic of China.

Important cities are Wuhan, Jingmen, Shiyan and Shashi. ( is the capital of Hubei province and is the most populous city in central People's Republic of China. Jingmen ( Simplified Chinese: 荆门 Traditional Chinese: 荊門 Pinyin: Jīngmén is a Prefecture-level city in Hubei province Administration The Prefecture-level city of Shiyan administers 8 county-level divisions, including 2 districts, 1 County-level city

Administrative divisions

Hubei is divided into thirteen prefecture-level divisions (of which there are twelve prefecture-level cities and one autonomous prefecture), as well as three directly administered county-level cities and one directly administered county-level forestry area. See also Administrative divisions of the Republic of China Due to China 's large Population and area the political divisions of China have consisted A prefecture-level city ( or prefecture-level municipality is an administrative division of the People's Republic of China, ranking below a province and Autonomous prefectures are one type of Autonomous areas of China, existing at the prefecture level. A county-level city ( is a county-level administrative division of Mainland China.

The sub-province-level city:

The prefecture-level cities:

The autonomous prefecture:

The three directly administered county-level cities are more accurately described as sub-prefecture-level cities:

The county-level forestry area:

The thirteen prefecture-level divisions and four directly administered county-level divisions of Hubei are subdivided into 102 county-level divisions (38 districts, 24 county-level cities, 37 counties, two autonomous counties, one forestry area; the directly administered county-level divisions are included here). ( is the capital of Hubei province and is the most populous city in central People's Republic of China. Pinyin, more formally Hanyu pinyin, is the most common Standard Mandarin Romanization system in use Ezhou ( Simplified Chinese: 鄂州 Pinyin: Èzhōu is a Prefecture-level city in China 's Hubei province Huanggang City ( Chinese: 黃冈 Pinyin: Huánggāng is a major municipality (also known as a Prefecture in eastern Hubei Province China. Huangshi ( Simplified Chinese: 黄石 Pinyin: Huángshí is a Prefecture-level city in China 's Hubei province Jingmen ( Simplified Chinese: 荆门 Traditional Chinese: 荊門 Pinyin: Jīngmén is a Prefecture-level city in Hubei province Jingzhou ( is a city in the Hubei province of the People's Republic of China, on the banks of the Yangtze River (Chang Jiang Administration The Prefecture-level city of Shiyan administers 8 county-level divisions, including 2 districts, 1 County-level city Administration The Prefecture-level city of Suizhou administers 2 county-level divisions, including 1 district and 1 County-level city Administration The Prefecture-level city of Xiangfan administers 8 county-level divisions, including 2 districts, 3 county-level cities Xianning ( Simplified Chinese: 咸宁 Pinyin: Xiánníng is a Prefecture-level city in China 's Hubei province Xiaogan (孝感 Pinyin: Xiàogǎn is a Prefecture-level city in Hubei province of the People's Republic of China. Yichang (宜昌 Pinyin: Yíchāng is a Prefecture-level city in Hubei province of China. Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture ( Simplified Chinese: 恩施土家族苗族自治州 Pinyin: Ēnshī Tǔjiāzú Miáozú Zìzhìzhōu Enshi Autonomous A sub-prefecture-level city (副地級市 or vice-prefecture-level city, is an administrative division of China Tianmen (Simplified Chinese 天门 is a Sub-prefecture-level city in Hubei Province China. Qianjiang ( Simplified Chinese: 潜江 Pinyin: Qiánjiāng is a Sub-prefecture-level city in China 's Hubei province Xiantao ( Chinese: 仙桃 Pinyin: Xiāntáo is a city in the province of Hubei in central China See also Administrative divisions of the Republic of China Due to China 's large Population and area the political divisions of China have consisted See also Administrative divisions of the Republic of China Due to China 's large Population and area the political divisions of China have consisted See also Administrative divisions of the Republic of China Due to China 's large Population and area the political divisions of China have consisted The term district, in the context of China, is used to refer to several unrelated political divisions in both ancient and modern China. A county-level city ( is a county-level administrative division of Mainland China. In the context of Political divisions of China, county is the standard English translation of 县 ( xiàn) In a similar fashion to the former Soviet Union 's Titular nations a number of areas associated with one or more ethnic minorities are designated as '''autonomous''' Those are in turn divided into 1234 township-level divisions (737 towns, 215 townships, nine ethnic townships, and 273 subdistricts). See also Administrative divisions of the Republic of China Due to China 's large Population and area the political divisions of China have consisted When referring to Political Divisions of China, town is the standard English translation of the Chinese 鎮 (simplified 镇; pinyin zhèn Wade-Giles Township ( is the basic level of political divisions in China. In a similar fashion to the former Soviet Union 's Titular nations a number of areas associated with one or more ethnic minorities are designated as '''autonomous''' Subdistrict is a low level Administrative division of a country

See List of administrative divisions of Hubei for a complete list of county-level divisions. The administrative divisions of Hubei, a province of the People's Republic of China, consists of prefecture-level divisions subdivided into county-level See also Administrative divisions of the Republic of China Due to China 's large Population and area the political divisions of China have consisted

Politics

Secretaries of the CPC Hubei Committee:

  1. Li Xiannian (李先念): 1949-1954
  2. Wang Renzhong (王任重): 1954-1966
  3. Zhang Tixue (张体学): 1966-1967
  4. Zeng Siyu (曾思玉): 1970-1973
  5. Zhao Xinchu (赵辛初): 1973-1978
  6. Chen Pixian (陈丕显): 1978-1982
  7. Guan Guangfu (关广富): 1983-1994
  8. Jia Zhijie (贾志杰): 1994-2001
  9. Jiang Zhusheng (蒋祝平): 2001
  10. Yu Zhengsheng (俞正声): 2001-2007
  11. Luo Qingquan (罗清泉): 2007

Governors of Hubei:

  1. Li Xiannian (李先念): 1949-1954
  2. Liu Zihou (刘子厚): 1954-1956
  3. Zhang Tixue (张体学): 1956-1967
  4. Zeng Siyu (曾思玉): 1968-1973
  5. Zhao Xinchu (赵辛初): 1973-1978
  6. Chen Pixian (陈丕显): 1978-1980
  7. Han Ningfu (韩宁夫): 1980-1982
  8. Huang Zhizhen (黄知真): 1982-1986
  9. Guo Zhenqian (郭振乾): 1986-1990
  10. Guo Shuyan (郭树言): 1990-1993
  11. Jia Zhijie (贾志杰): 1993-1995
  12. Jia Zhuping (蒋祝平): 1995-2001
  13. Zhang Guoguang (张国光): 2001-2002
  14. Luo Qingquan (罗清泉): 2002-2007
  15. Li Hongzhong (李鸿忠): 2007-incumbent (acting)

Economy

Hubei is often called the "Land of Fish and Rice" (鱼米之乡). The Communist Party of China ( CPC) ( also known as the Chinese Communist Party ( CCP) is the founding and ruling political party of the Li Xiannian ( (23 June 1909&ndash21 June 1992 was President of the People's Republic of China between 1983 and 1988 and then president of the Chinese People's Political Chen Pixian ( Chinese: 陈丕显 Pinyin: Chén Pīxiǎn March 20, 1916 &ndash August 23, 1995) was a high official of Yu Zhengsheng ( born April 1945) is the current CPC party chief in Shanghai, China, a post which makes him first-in-charge of China's largest Li Xiannian ( (23 June 1909&ndash21 June 1992 was President of the People's Republic of China between 1983 and 1988 and then president of the Chinese People's Political Chen Pixian ( Chinese: 陈丕显 Pinyin: Chén Pīxiǎn March 20, 1916 &ndash August 23, 1995) was a high official of Important agricultural products in Hubei include cotton, rice, wheat, and tea, while industries include automobiles, metallurgy, machinery, power generation, textiles, foodstuffs and high-tech commodities. Cotton is a soft staple Fibre that grows around the seeds of the cotton plant ( Gossypium sp Rice is a Cereal foodstuff which forms an important part of the diet of many people worldwide and as such it is a staple food for many Wheat ( Triticum spp is a worldwide cultivated grass from the Levant area of the Middle East. Tea refers to the cured agricultural product of the leaves leaf buds and internodes of Camellia sinensis, which have been prepared and cured for the market

Mineral resources that can be found in Hubei in significant quantities include borax, hongshiite, wollastonite, garnet, marlstone, iron, phosphorus, copper, gypsum, rutile, rock salt, gold amalgam, manganese and vanadium. A mineral is a naturally occurring substance formed through geological processes that has a characteristic chemical composition a highly ordered atomic structure and specific Borax (from Persian burah) also known as sodium borate, sodium tetraborate, or disodium tetraborate, is an important Boron The garnet group includes a group of minerals that have been used since the Bronze Age as gemstones and abrasives Marl or Marlstone is a Calcium carbonate or lime -rich mud or Mudstone which contains variable amounts of Clays and Aragonite Iron (ˈаɪɚn is a Chemical element with the symbol Fe (ferrum and Atomic number 26 Phosphorus, (ˈfɒsfərəs is the Chemical element that has the symbol P and Atomic number 15 Copper (ˈkɒpɚ is a Chemical element with the symbol Cu (cuprum and Atomic number 29 Gypsum is a very soft Mineral composed of Calcium sulfate dihydrate with the Chemical formula Ca[[sulfur S]] O 4·2 Rutile is a Mineral composed primarily of Titanium dioxide, Ti[[oxygen O]]2 Halite is the Mineral form of Sodium chloride, Na[[chlorine Cl]] commonly known as rock salt. Gold (ˈɡoʊld is a Chemical element with the symbol Au (from its Latin name aurum) and Atomic number 79 Manganese (ˈmæŋgəniːz is a Chemical element, designated by the symbol Mn. Vanadium (vəˈneɪdiəm is a Chemical element that has the symbol V and Atomic number 23 The province's recoverable reserves of coal stand at 548 million tons, which is modest compared to other Chinese provinces. Hubei is also well known for it's mines of fine turquoise and green faustite.

Once completed, the Three Gorges Dam in western Hubei will provide plentiful hydroelectricity, with an estimated annual power production of 84,700 Gwh. Zh-yue三峽大壩 The Three Gorges Dam ( is a hydroelectric River Dam that spans the Yangtze River in Sandouping, Hydroelectricity is electricity generated by Hydropower, ie the production of power through use of the gravitational force of falling water Existing hydroelectric stations include Gezhouba, Danjiangkou, Geheyan, Hanjiang, Duhe, Huanglongtan, Bailianhe, Lushui and Fushui. The Gezhouba Dam or Gezhouba Water Control Project ( pinyin chángjiāng gězhōubà shuǐlì shūniǔ gōngchéng is located in the suburbs of Yichang City Danjiangkou ( is a city in the Hubei province of China. It has a population of more than 150000 The Geheyan Dam ( Chinese: 隔河岩水电站 is a large dam on the Xiangjiang, a tributary of the Yangtze River, in Hubei Province, China

Hubei's economy ranks 12th in the country and its nominal GDP for 2006 was 749. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. 7 billion yuan (96. 9 billion USD) and a per capita of 13,169 RMB (1,709 USD).

Demographics

Han Chinese form the dominant ethnic group in Hubei. Han Chinese ( are an Ethnic group native to China and by most modern definitions the largest single Ethnic group in the world. A considerable Miao and Tujia population live in the southwestern part of the province, especially in Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture. The terms Hmong (m̥ɔ̃ŋ and Mong ( both refer to an Asian ethnic group in the mountainous regions of southern China. The Tujia (土家族 Pinyin:Tǔjiāzú Endonym: Bizika 毕兹卡 with a total Population of over 8 million is the 6th largest ethnic Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture ( Simplified Chinese: 恩施土家族苗族自治州 Pinyin: Ēnshī Tǔjiāzú Miáozú Zìzhìzhōu Enshi Autonomous

Culture

People in Hubei speak Mandarin dialects; most of these dialects are classified as Southwestern Mandarin dialects, a group that also encompasses the Mandarin dialects of most of southwestern China. Southwestern Mandarin ( also known as Huguang (湖广 is a Dialect of Mandarin Chinese widely spoken south of the Yangtze River, and

Perhaps the most celebrated element of Hubei cuisine is the Wuchang fish, a freshwater bream that is commonly steamed. Hubei cuisine (Chinese 鄂[[wikt 菜|菜]] or 湖北[[wikt 菜|菜]] is derived from the native cooking styles of the Hubei province of China Bream is a general term for a number of species of Freshwater and marine Fish, mainly but not exhaustively drawn from the genera

Types of traditional Chinese opera popular in Hubei include Hanju and Chuju. Chinese Opera ( Chinese: 戏曲/戲曲 Pinyin: xìqǔ is a popular form of Drama and Musical theatre in China with roots going back

The Shennongjia area is the alleged home of the Yeren, a wild undiscovered hominid that lives in the forested hills. Yeren ( variously referred to as the Yiren, Yeh Ren, Chinese Wildman, ( Man-Monkey, or ( is a legendary creature said to be an as

The people of Hubei are given the uncomplimentary nickname "Nine Headed Birds" by other Chinese, from a mythological creature said to be very aggressive and hard to kill. The nine-headed bird is one of the earliest forms of the Chinese phoenix, worshiped by ancient natives in Hubei Province, which during the Warring State Period was Chinese mythology is a collection of Cultural history, Folktales, and Religions that have been passed down in oral or written form "In the sky live nine-headed birds. On the earth live wise Hubei people. "

Wuhan is one of the major culture centers in China. ( is the capital of Hubei province and is the most populous city in central People's Republic of China.

The premier Wuhan University (founded in 1893) and many other institutions in Wuhan makes it a hub of higher education and research in China. Wuhan University ( WHU; Simplified Chinese: 武汉大学 Traditional Chinese: 武漢大學 Pinyin: Wǔhàn Dàxué colloquially 武大

Transportation

Hubei plays an important role in China's transportation industry. Situated on the Yangtze and Hanshui Rivers, which are important waterways, Hubei also enjoys the convenience of railways linking Beijing to Guangzhou, Beijing to Kowloon, Shanghai to Wuhan, Wuhan to Chengdu, and Zhicheng to Liuzhou, and of the airports in Wuhan, Yichang, Sanxia, Xiangfan and Shashi. The Han River ( in China was often referred to as Hànshǔi (漢水 "Han water" in antiquity Guangzhou ( Jyutping: Gwong²zau¹; Yale: Gwóngjàu) is the Capital and a Sub-provincial city Kowloon refers to an urban area in Hong Kong made up of Kowloon Peninsula and New Kowloon, bordered by the Lei Yue Mun strait in the east Shanghai ( 上[[wikt 海|海]] is the largest city in China in terms of population and one of the largest urban areas in the world with over 20 million ( located in southwest People's Republic of China, is the capital of Sichuan province and a Sub-provincial city. Zhicheng is a Chinese city in the province of Hubei. As of 2005 it had a population of 159000 Liuzhou ( is a Prefecture-level city in north-central Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in southern China. National and provincial highways also contribute to Hubei's economic development.

Tourism

Hubei is home to the ancient state of Chu, a local state during the Eastern Zhou Dynasty that developed its own unique culture. Chǔ ( 楚) was a kingdom in what is now central and southern China during the Spring and Autumn period ( 722 - 481 BC) and The Zhou Dynasty ( POJ: Chiu Tiau 1122 BC to 256 BC was preceded by the Shang Dynasty and followed by the Qin Dynasty in China. Chu culture mixed with other influences, ancient and modern, endows Hubei richly with tourist resources. Famous attractions include:

In 1994, the ancient building complex of the Wudang Mountains was listed by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site. United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization ( UNESCO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations established on November 16 A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a site (such as a Forest, Mountain, Lake, Desert, Monument, Building, complex

Sport

Professional sports teams in Hubei include:

Twinning

In 2005, Hubei province signed a twinning agreement with Telemark county of Norway. The Chinese Football Association Super League ( Simplified Chinese: 中国足球协会超级联赛 commonly known as Chinese Super League (中超联赛 or CSL FC Wuhan is the Footbal Club which is located in the city of Wuhan, Hubei Province China. is a county in Norway, bordering Vestfold, Buskerud, Hordaland, Rogaland and Aust-Agder. A "Norway-Hubei Week" was held in 2007. [2]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ (Chinese) Origin of the Names of China's Provinces, People's Daily Online. From June to September of 1954, the Yangtze River Floods were a series of catastrophic Floodings that occurred mostly in Hubei Province This is a list of Laojiaos within Hubei province of the People's Republic of China. The People's Daily ( a daily Newspaper, is the organ of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, published worldwide with a circulation
  2. ^ www. norway-hubei. net

External links

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Dictionary

Hubei

-proper noun

  1. A central province of the People's Republic of China. The capital of Hubei is Wuhan.
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