| City of Houston | |||
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| Nickname: Space City | |||
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| Country | United States of America | ||
| State | Texas | ||
| Counties | Harris Fort Bend Montgomery |
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| Incorporated | June 5, 1837 | ||
| Government | |||
| - Mayor | Bill White | ||
| Area | |||
| - City | 601. The flag of Houston, Texas consists of a large white five-pointed star on a blue background with the city's seal set within the star A nickname is a Name of an entity or thing that is not its Proper name. Texas ( is a state geographically located in the South Central United States and is also known as the Lone Star State. Wikipedia talkFeatured lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->This list of countries, arranged alphabetically The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The political units and divisions of the United States include The 50 states (four of these being officially styled as Commonwealths) which are typically Texas ( is a state geographically located in the South Central United States and is also known as the Lone Star State. List of Texas county name etymologies|List of Texas county seat name etymologies The state of Texas is divided into 254 counties, more than any other U Harris County is a County located in the US state of Texas within the Houston–Sugar Land–Baytown metropolitan area Fort Bend County is a county located along the Gulf Coast region in the U Montgomery County is a County located in the US state of Texas within the Houston–Sugar Land–Baytown Metropolitan Area. A municipal corporation is the legal term for a local governing body, including (but not necessarily limited to cities, counties, Towns This is a list of people who have served as Mayor of the city of Houston, Texas, United States. William Howard "Bill" White (born June 16, 1954) is the current Mayor of the City of Houston Texas ( January 2 Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. A city is an Urban area with a large Population and a particular Administrative, Legal, or Historical status 7 sq mi (1,558 km²) | ||
| - Land | 579. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. To help compare different Orders of magnitude and geographical regions we list here areas between 100 km² and 1000 km² 4 sq mi (1,501 km²) | ||
| - Water | 22. 3 sq mi (57. 7 km²) | ||
| Elevation | 43 ft (13 m) | ||
| Population (2006)[1][2] | |||
| - City | 2,144,491 (4th) | ||
| - Density | 3,701/sq mi (1,429/km²) | ||
| - Urban | 3,822,509 | ||
| - Metro | 5,628,101 (6th Largest) | ||
| - Demonym | Houstonian | ||
| Time zone | CST (UTC-6) | ||
| - Summer (DST) | CDT (UTC-5) | ||
| Area code(s) | 713, 281, 832 | ||
| FIPS code | 48-35000[3] | ||
| GNIS feature ID | 1380948[4] | ||
| Website: houstontx.gov | |||
Houston (pronounced /ˈhjuːstən/) is the fourth-largest city in the United States of America and the largest city within the state of Texas. The elevation of a Geographic location is its height above a fixed reference point often the mean sea level. A foot (plural feet or foot; symbol or abbreviation ft or sometimes &prime – the prime symbol) is a non-SI unit The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International A city is an Urban area with a large Population and a particular Administrative, Legal, or Historical status The Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume A metropolitan area is a large population center consisting of a large Metropolis and its adjacent zone of influence or of more than one closely adjoining neighboring central Table of United States Metropolitan Statistical Areas|Table of United States Core Based Statistical AreasIn the United States, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB has produced A demonym or gentilic is a word that denotes the members of a People or the inhabitants of a place The Central Time Zone observes Standard time by subtracting six hours from UTC during standard time ( UTC−6) and five hours during Daylight saving Areas using UTC−6 Single zone countries Belize Costa Rica El Salvador Guatemala Daylight saving time ( DST The Central Time Zone observes Standard time by subtracting six hours from UTC during standard time ( UTC−6) and five hours during Daylight saving UTC−5 is the Time offset used in the North American Eastern Time Zone during Standard time and in the North American Central Time Zone during A telephone numbering plan is a plan for allocating Telephone number ranges to countries regions areas and exchanges and to non-fixed telephone networks The map to the right is clickable click on an area The map to the right is clickable click on an area The map to the right is clickable click on an area Federal Information Processing Standards ( FIPS) are publicly announced standards developed by the United States Federal government for use by all non-military The Geographic Names Information System ( GNIS) is a database that contains name and locative information about more than two million physical and cultural features located throughout The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Texas ( is a state geographically located in the South Central United States and is also known as the Lone Star State. As of the 2006 U. S. Census estimate, the city has a population of 2. 14 million within an area of 600 square miles (1,600 km²). Houston is the seat of Harris County and the economic center of the Houston–Sugar Land–Baytown metropolitan area—the sixth-largest metropolitan area in the U. A county seat is a term for an Administrative center for a County, primarily used in the United States. Harris County is a County located in the US state of Texas within the Houston–Sugar Land–Baytown metropolitan area Houston–Sugar Land–Baytown is a 10-county Metropolitan area defined by the Office of Management and Budget. Table of United States Metropolitan Statistical Areas|Table of United States Core Based Statistical AreasIn the United States, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB has produced S. with a population of around 5. 6 million.
Houston was founded on August 30, 1836 by brothers Augustus Chapman Allen and John Kirby Allen[5] on land near the banks of Buffalo Bayou. Events 1363 - Beginning date of the Battle of Lake Poyang; the forces of two Chinese rebel leaders— Chen Youliang and Year 1836 ( MDCCCXXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap This article is about the founder of Houston Texas. For the Virginia politician and lawyer see Augustus A John Kirby Allen (1810-1838 was born in Canasareaugh near Syracuse in the U Buffalo Bayou is a main waterway flowing through Houston, in Harris County Texas, USA. The city was incorporated on June 5, 1837 and named after then-President of the Republic of Texas—former General Sam Houston—who had commanded at the Battle of San Jacinto, which took place 25 miles (40 km) east of where the city was established. The Republic of Texas was a sovereign Nation in North America between the United States and Mexico that existed from 1836 to Samuel Houston ( March 2, 1793 July 26, 1863) was a 19th century American statesman politician and soldier The Battle of San Jacinto, fought on April 21, 1836, in present-day Harris County Texas, was the decisive battle of the Texas Revolution. The burgeoning port and railroad industry, combined with oil discovery in 1901, has induced continual surges in the city's population. In the mid-twentieth century, Houston became the home of the Texas Medical Center—the world's largest concentration of healthcare and research institutions—and NASA's Johnson Space Center, where Mission Control Center is located. The Texas Medical Center, with one of the highest densities of clinical facilities for patient care basic science and Translational research of any location is the largest The Lyndon B Johnson Space Flight Center ( "JSFC") is the National Aeronautics and Space Administration 's center for Mission Control Center (MCC is a unit that manages aerospace flights
Houston's economy has a broad industrial base in the energy, manufacturing, aeronautics, and technology; only New York City is home to more Fortune 500 headquarters. The City of New York Please do not add the complete list of fortune 500 companies The list is copyrighted by Fortune which makes money by selling the content Commercially, Houston is ranked as a gamma world city, and the area is a leading center for building oilfield equipment. The Port of Houston ranks first in the United States in international waterborne tonnage handled and second in total cargo tonnage handled. The Port of Houston is the Port of Houston Texas, the fourth-largest city in the United States. [6] The city has a multicultural population with a large and growing international community. It is home to many cultural institutions and exhibits—attracting more than 7 million visitors a year to the Houston Museum District. The Houston Museum District (colloquially just Museum District) is an area of Houston Texas south of downtown Houston has an active visual and performing arts scene in the Theater District and is one of five U. The Houston Theater District, a 17-block area in the heart of Downtown Houston, USA is home to Houston 's nine Performing arts organizations the 130000 S. cities that offer year-round resident companies in all major performing arts. [7]
Contents |
History
- See also: Historical events of Houston
In August 1836, John Kirby Allen and Augustus Chapman Allen, two real estate entrepreneurs from New York City, purchased 6,642 acres (27 km²) of land along Buffalo Bayou with the intent of founding a city. This article documents the wide-ranging history of the City of Houston, the largest city in the state of Texas and the fourth-largest in the United States. Timeline of historical events of Houston Texas, USA 1800s 1836 - The Allen Brothers John Kirby and Augustus Chapman co-founded Houston. Samuel Houston ( March 2, 1793 July 26, 1863) was a 19th century American statesman politician and soldier John Kirby Allen (1810-1838 was born in Canasareaugh near Syracuse in the U This article is about the founder of Houston Texas. For the Virginia politician and lawyer see Augustus A Buffalo Bayou is a main waterway flowing through Houston, in Harris County Texas, USA. [8] The Allen brothers decided to name the city after Sam Houston, the popular general of the Texans at the Battle of San Jacinto,[8] who was elected President in September 1836. Samuel Houston ( March 2, 1793 July 26, 1863) was a 19th century American statesman politician and soldier The Battle of San Jacinto, fought on April 21, 1836, in present-day Harris County Texas, was the decisive battle of the Texas Revolution. The Republic of Texas was formed in 1836 In the midst of the Texas Revolution, Texan settlers elected delegates to the Convention of 1836, which issued the
Houston was granted incorporation on June 5, 1837, with James S. Holman becoming its first mayor. James Sanders Holman (1804&ndash1867 became the first Mayor of Houston Texas in 1837 [9] In the same year, Houston became the county seat of Harrisburg County (now Harris County) and the temporary capital of the Republic of Texas. The Republic of Texas was a sovereign Nation in North America between the United States and Mexico that existed from 1836 to [10] In 1840, the community established a chamber of commerce in part to promote shipping and waterborne business at the newly created port on Buffalo Bayou. [11]
By 1860, Houston had emerged as a commercial and railroad hub for the export of cotton. [10] Railroad spurs from the Texas inland converged in Houston, where they met rail lines to the ports of Galveston and Beaumont. "Galveston" redirects here For the town in the US state of Indiana see Galveston Indiana. Beaumont is a city in and the County seat of Jefferson County, Texas, United States, within the Beaumont&ndash Port Arthur Metropolitan During the American Civil War, Houston served as a headquarters for General John Bankhead Magruder, who used the city as an organization point for the Battle of Galveston. Causes of the war See also Origins of the American Civil War, Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War The coexistence of a slave-owning South John Bankhead Magruder ( May 1, 1807 &ndash February 19, 1871) was a career military officer who served in the armies of three nations The Second Battle of Galveston (usually simply referred to as the Battle of Galveston occurred on January 1, 1863, during the American Civil War [12] After the Civil War, Houston businessmen initiated efforts to widen the city's extensive system of bayous so the city could accept more commerce between downtown and the nearby port of Galveston. By 1890 Houston was the railroad center of Texas.
In 1900, after Galveston was struck by a devastating hurricane, efforts to make Houston into a viable deepwater port were accelerated. [13] The following year, oil discovered at the Spindletop oil field near Beaumont prompted the development of the Texas petroleum industry. Spindletop is a Salt dome Oil field located in south Beaumont, Texas (approx An oil field is a region with an abundance of Oil wells extracting Petroleum (crude oil from below ground [14] In 1902, President Theodore Roosevelt approved a $1 million improvement project for the Houston Ship Channel. Theodore Roosevelt (ˈroʊzəvɛlt October 27 1858 January 6 1919 also known as T By 1910 the city's population had reached 78,800, almost doubling from a decade before. An integral part of the city were African Americans, who numbered 23,929 or nearly one-third of the residents. [15] They were developing a strong professional class based then in the Fourth Ward.
President Woodrow Wilson opened the deepwater Port of Houston in 1914, seven years after digging began. Thomas Woodrow Wilson (December 28 1856—February 3 1924 was the twenty-eighth President of the United States. By 1930, Houston had become Texas's most populous city and Harris the most populous county. [16]
When World War II started, tonnage levels at the port decreased and shipping activities were suspended; however, the war did provide economic benefits for the city. The Houston Ship Channel in Houston Texas is part of the Port of Houston —one of the United States 's busiest Sea ports The channel World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Petrochemical refineries and manufacturing plants were constructed along the ship channel because of the demand for petroleum and synthetic rubber products during the war. [17] Ellington Field, initially built during World War I, was revitalized as an advanced training center for bombardiers and navigators. Ellington Field is a joint civil-military Airport located 15 miles (24 km) southeast of downtown Houston, within Harris County in World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All [18] The M. D. Anderson Foundation formed the Texas Medical Center in 1945. The Texas Medical Center, with one of the highest densities of clinical facilities for patient care basic science and Translational research of any location is the largest After the war, Houston's economy reverted to being primarily port-driven. In 1948, several unincorporated areas were annexed into the city limits, which more than doubled the city's size, and Houston proper began to spread across the region. [9][19]
In 1950, the availability of air conditioning provided impetus for many companies to relocate to Houston resulting in an economic boom and producing a key shift in the city's economy toward the energy sector. [20][21]
The increased production of the local shipbuilding industry during World War II spurred Houston's growth,[22] as did the establishment in 1961 of NASA's "Manned Spacecraft Center" (renamed the Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center in 1973), which created the city's aerospace industry. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The Lyndon B Johnson Space Flight Center ( "JSFC") is the National Aeronautics and Space Administration 's center for The Lyndon B Johnson Space Flight Center ( "JSFC") is the National Aeronautics and Space Administration 's center for The Astrodome, nicknamed the "Eighth Wonder of the World,"[23] opened in 1965 as the world's first indoor domed sports stadium. For the aeronautical use see Astrodome (aviation Reliant Astrodome, also known as the Houston Astrodome or simply the Astrodome Eighth Wonder of the World is a term sometimes used to describe things in comparison to the Seven Wonders of the World, the widely-known list of seven remarkable constructions
During the late 1970s, Houston experienced a population boom as people from Rust Belt states moved to Texas in large numbers. The Rust Belt, sometimes called the Manufacturing Belt, is an area in parts of the Northeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic States, and portions of the [24] The new residents came for the numerous employment opportunities in the petroleum industry, created as a result of the Arab Oil Embargo. The 1973 oil crisis began on October 17 1973 when the members of Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries (OAPEC consisting of the Arab members of
The population boom ended abruptly in the mid-1980s, as oil prices fell precipitously. The space industry also suffered in 1986 after the Space Shuttle Challenger exploded shortly after launch. The Space Shuttle Challenger disaster took place on January 28 1986 when ''Challenger'', a Space Shuttle operated by NASA, broke apart The late 1980s saw a recession affect the city's economy.
Since the 1990s, as a result of the recession, Houston has made efforts to diversify its economy by focusing on aerospace and biotechnology and by reducing its dependence on the petroleum industry. In 1997, Houstonians elected Lee P. Brown as the city's first African American mayor. Lee Patrick Brown (born October 4, 1937) had a groundbreaking [25]
In June 2001, Tropical Storm Allison dumped up to 37 inches (940 mm) of rain on parts of Houston, causing the worst flooding in the city's history; the storm cost billions of dollars in damage and killed 20 people in Texas. Hurricane Rita was the fourth-most intense Atlantic hurricane ever recorded and the most intense Tropical cyclone ever observed in the Gulf of Mexico Tropical Storm Allison was a tropical storm that devastated southeast Texas in June of the 2001 Atlantic hurricane season. [26] Many neighborhoods and communities have changed since the storm. By December of that same year, Houston-based energy company Enron collapsed into the second-largest ever U. Enron Creditors Recovery Corporation (formerly Enron Corporation, former NYSE ticker symbol ENE was an American Energy company based in S. bankruptcy during an investigation surrounding fabricated partnerships that were allegedly used to hide debt and inflate profits.
In August 2005, Houston became a shelter to more than 150,000 people from New Orleans who evacuated from Hurricane Katrina. New Orleans (nʲuːˈɔrliənz nʲuːˈɔrlənz French: La Nouvelle-Orléans) is a major United States port city and the largest city in Louisiana Hurricane Katrina of the 2005 Atlantic hurricane season was the costliest hurricane, as well as one of the five deadliest in the history of the United States [27] One month later, approximately 2. 5 million Houston area residents evacuated when Hurricane Rita approached the Gulf Coast, leaving little damage to the Houston area. Hurricane Rita was the fourth-most intense Atlantic hurricane ever recorded and the most intense Tropical cyclone ever observed in the Gulf of Mexico The Gulf Coast region of the United States comprises the coasts of states which border the Gulf of Mexico. This event marked the largest urban evacuation in the history of the United States. [28][29]
Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 601. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 601 The United States Census Bureau (officially Bureau of the Census as defined in Title) is the government agency that is responsible for the United States Census 7 square miles (1,558. 4 km²); this comprises 579. 4 square miles (1,500. 7 km²) of land and 22. 3 square miles (57. 7 km²) of water.
Most of Houston is located on the gulf coastal plain, and its vegetation is classified as temperate grassland and forest. The Western Gulf coastal grasslands are a subtropical grassland Ecoregion of the southern United States and northeastern Mexico. Much of the city was built on forested land, marshes, swamp, or prairie, which are all still visible in surrounding areas. Prairie, from the French prairie ("meadow" "grassland" "pasture" refers to an area of land of low topographic relief that historically Flatness of the local terrain, when combined with urban sprawl, has made flooding a recurring problem for the city. Urban sprawl, also known as suburban sprawl, is the spreading of a city and its Suburbs over rural land at the fringe of an urban area [30] Downtown stands about 50 feet (15 m) above sea level,[31] and the highest point in far northwest Houston is about 125 feet (38 m) in elevation. [32][33] The city once relied on groundwater for its needs, but land subsidence forced the city to turn to ground-level water sources such as Lake Houston and Lake Conroe. Groundwater is Water located beneath the Ground surface in Soil pore spaces and in the Fractures of lithologic formations In Geology, Engineering, and Surveying, subsidence is the motion of a surface (usually the Earth's surface as it shifts downward relative to Lake Houston is a reservoir on the west fork of the San Jacinto River, 15 miles (24 km northeast of downtown Houston, Texas, USA Lake Conroe is a 21000 Acre (85 km² lake in Montgomery County, Texas, United States. [34][9]
Houston has four major bayous passing through the city. A bayou (pronounced oʊ or uː is a small slow-moving Stream or creek or a lake or pool ( bayou lake) that lies in an abandoned channel of a stream Buffalo Bayou runs through downtown and the Houston Ship Channel, and has three tributaries: White Oak Bayou, which runs through the Heights neighborhood and towards downtown; Braes Bayou, which runs along the Texas Medical Center; and Sims Bayou, which runs through the south of Houston and downtown Houston. Buffalo Bayou is a main waterway flowing through Houston, in Harris County Texas, USA. The Houston Ship Channel in Houston Texas is part of the Port of Houston —one of the United States 's busiest Sea ports The channel White Oak Bayou is one of the several waterways that give Houston, Texas, its popular nickname "The Bayou City Houston Heights, often referred to simply as " The Heights," is a large community located in northwest-central Houston, The Texas Medical Center, with one of the highest densities of clinical facilities for patient care basic science and Translational research of any location is the largest The ship channel continues past Galveston and then into the Gulf of Mexico. "Galveston" redirects here For the town in the US state of Indiana see Galveston Indiana. The Gulf of Mexico ( Spanish: Golfo de México) is the ninth largest Body of water in the world
Geology
Underpinning Houston's land surface are unconsolidated clays, clay shales, and poorly-cemented sands up to several miles deep. Consolidation is a process by which Soils decrease in volume It occurs when stress is applied to a soil that causes the soil particles to pack together more tightly Shale (also called mudstone) is a fine-grained Sedimentary rock whose original constituents were Clay minerals or Muds It is characterized by Sand is a naturally occurring Granular material composed of finely divided rock and Mineral particles The region's geology developed from river deposits formed from the erosion of the Rocky Mountains. Geology (from Greek γη gê, "earth" and λόγος Logos, "speech" lit Mountain peaks of the Rocky Mountains The Rocky Mountains, often called the Rockies, are a Mountain range in western North America. These sediments consist of a series of sands and clays deposited on decaying organic matter that, over time, transformed into oil and natural gas. Sediment is any particulate matter that can be transported by fluid flow and which eventually is deposited as a layer of solid particles on the bed or bottom of a body of Beneath the layers of sediment is a water-deposited layer of halite, a rock salt. Halite is the Mineral form of Sodium chloride, Na[[chlorine Cl]] commonly known as rock salt. The porous layers were compressed over time and forced upward. As it pushed upward, the salt dragged surrounding sediments into salt dome formations, often trapping oil and gas that seeped from the surrounding porous sands. A salt dome is a type of structural dome formed when a thick bed of Evaporite minerals (mainly salt or Halite) found at depth intrudes vertically into The thick, rich, sometimes black, surface soil is suitable for rice farming in suburban outskirts where the city continues to grow. [35][36]
The Houston area has over 150 active faults (estimated to be 300 active faults)[37] with an aggregate length of up to 310 miles (500 km)[38][39], including the Long Point-Eureka Heights Fault System which runs through the center of the city. In Geology a fault, or fault line, is a planar rock fracture which shows evidence of relative movement The Long Point-Eureka Heights Fault System is a system of Geologic faults in Houston Texas. There have been no significant historically-recorded earthquakes in Houston, but researchers do not discount the possibility of such quakes occurring in the deeper past, nor in the future. Land in some communities southeast of Houston is sinking because water has been pumped out from the ground for many years and may be associated with slip along faults. However, the slippage is slow and not considered an earthquake where stationary faults must slip suddenly enough to create seismic waves. [40] These faults also tend to move at a smooth rate in what is termed "fault creep,"[34] which further reduces the risk of an earthquake. Geology, aseismic creep is measurable surface displacement along a fault in the absence of notable Earthquakes An example is along the Calaveras
Climate
Houston's climate is classified as humid subtropical (Cfa in Köppen climate classification system). The Climate of Houston is classified as humid subtropical. Houston's warmest month (on average is July at, and the coldest Allen's Landing is the birthplace of Houston Texas. In August 1836 just months after the Republic of Texas won its independence from Mexico, two brothers Tropical Storm Allison was a tropical storm that devastated southeast Texas in June of the 2001 Atlantic hurricane season. Humid subtropical climate ( Köppen Cfa or Cwa) is a climate zone characterized by hot humid summers and chilly to mild winters The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems It was developed by Wladimir Köppen, a German climatologist Spring supercell thunderstorms sometimes bring tornadoes to the area. A supercell is a severe thunderstorm with a deep continuously rotating updraft (a Mesocyclone) A tornado is a violent rotating column of air which is in contact with both the surface of the earth and a Cumulonimbus cloud or in rare cases the base of a Cumulus Prevailing winds are from the south and southwest during most of the year, bringing heat across the continent from the deserts of Mexico and moisture from the Gulf of Mexico. The United Mexican States ( or commonly Mexico (ˈmɛksɪkoʊ () is a federal constitutional Republic in North America. The Gulf of Mexico ( Spanish: Golfo de México) is the ninth largest Body of water in the world
During the summer months, it is common for the temperature to reach over 90 °F (32 °C), with an average of 99 days per year above 90 °F (32 °C). [41][42] However, the humidity results in a heat index higher than the actual temperature. The heat index ( HI) is an index that combines Air Temperature and Relative humidity in an attempt to determine the human-perceived equivalent Summer mornings average over 90 percent relative humidity and approximately 60 percent in the afternoon. Relative humidity is a measurement of the amount of Water vapor that exists in a gaseous mixture of air and water [43] Winds are often light in the summer and offer little relief, except near the immediate coast. [44] To cope with the heat, people use air conditioning in nearly every vehicle and building in the city; in fact, in 1980 Houston was described as the "most air-conditioned place on earth". The term air conditioning refers to the cooling and dehumidification of indoor air for Thermal comfort. [45] Scattered afternoon thunderstorms are common in the summer. The hottest temperature ever recorded in Houston was 109 °F (43 °C) on September 4, 2000. Temperature is a physical property of a system that underlies the common notions of hot and cold something that is hotter generally has the greater temperature Events 476 - Romulus Augustus, last emperor of the Western Roman Empire, is deposed when Odoacer proclaims himself 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. [46]
Winters in Houston are fairly temperate. The average high in January, the coldest month, is 63 °F (17 °C), while the average low is 45 °F (7 °C). Snowfall is generally rare. The last snowstorm to hit Houston was on December 24, 2004. The 2004 Christmas Eve Snowstorm was a rare Weather event that took place in Louisiana and Texas in the United States on December 24 The coldest temperature ever recorded in Houston was 5 °F (−15 °C) on January 23, 1940. Temperature is a physical property of a system that underlies the common notions of hot and cold something that is hotter generally has the greater temperature Events 393 - Roman Emperor Theodosius I proclaims his nine year old son Honorius co-emperor Year 1940 ( MCMXL) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full 1940 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. [47] Houston receives a high amount of rainfall annually, averaging about 54 inches a year. These rains tend to cause floods over portions of the city.
Houston has excessive ozone levels and is ranked among the most ozone-polluted cities in the United States. OZONE is an object oriented Operating system written in the C programming language. [48] Ground-level ozone, or smog, is Houston’s predominant air pollution problem, with the American Lung Association rating the metropolitan area's ozone level as the 6th worst in the United States in 2006. Smog is a kind of Air pollution; the word "smog" is a Portmanteau of Smoke and Fog. [49] The industries located along the ship channel are a major cause of the city's air pollution. [50]
| Weather averages for Houston | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °F (°C) | 84 (29) | 91 (33) | 96 (36) | 95 (35) | 99 (37) | 103 (39) | 105 (41) | 107 (42) | 109 (43) | 97 (36) | 90 (32) | 85 (29) | 109 (43) |
| Average high °F (°C) | 62 (17) | 67 (19) | 73 (23) | 79 (26) | 86 (30) | 91 (33) | 94 (34) | 94 (34) | 89 (32) | 82 (28) | 72 (22) | 65 (18) | 79 (26) |
| Average low °F (°C) | 41 (5) | 44 (7) | 51 (11) | 58 (14) | 66 (19) | 72 (22) | 74 (23) | 73 (23) | 68 (20) | 59 (15) | 50 (10) | 43 (6) | 58 (14) |
| Record low °F (°C) | 5 (-15) | 14 (-10) | 22 (-6) | 31 (-1) | 44 (7) | 50 (10) | 62 (17) | 60 (16) | 46 (8) | 29 (-2) | 19 (-7) | 7 (-14) | 5 (-15) |
| Precipitation inches (mm) | 3. In Meteorology, precipitation (also known as one class of hydrometeors, which are atmospheric water phenomena is any product of the condensation of atmospheric 7 (94) | 3. 0 (76. 2) | 3. 4 (86. 4) | 3. 6 (91. 4) | 5. 2 (132. 1) | 5. 4 (137. 2) | 3. 2 (81. 3) | 3. 8 (96. 5) | 4. 3 (109. 2) | 4. 5 (114. 3) | 4. 2 (106. 7) | 3. 7 (94) | 47. 8 (1,214. 1) |
| Source: weather. com[51] Feb 2008 | |||||||||||||
Cityscape
- Further information: Geographic areas of Houston
Houston was incorporated in 1837 under the ward system of representation. The geographic areas of Houston Texas are generally classified as either being inside or outside Interstate 610, known as the "Loop In Australia, Canada, Ireland, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the United States, a ward is an Electoral district The ward designation is the progenitor of the nine current-day Houston City Council districts. Locations in Houston are generally classified as either being inside or outside the Interstate 610 Loop. Interstate 610 (abbreviated I-610) is a Freeway that forms a loop around the downtown sector of city of Houston Texas. The inside encompasses the central business district and many residential neighborhoods that predate World War II. A central business district ( CBD) is the commercial and often geographic heart of a city More recently, high-density residential areas have been developed within the loop. The city's outlying areas, suburbs and enclaves are located outside of the loop. Beltway 8 encircles the city another 5 miles (8 km) farther out. Beltway 8 ( BW8) the Sam Houston Parkway, along with the Sam Houston Tollway, is a Beltway around the city of Houston Texas,
Houston is the largest city in the United States without zoning regulations. The Uptown District of Houston is located 62 miles (10 km west of downtown and is centered along Post Oak Boulevard Westheimer Road ( Farm to Market Downtown Houston is the largest Business district of Houston, Texas, United States. Zoning is a term used in Urban planning for a system of land-use Regulation in various parts of the world including North America the United Kingdom However, Houston has developed in a manner similar to other cities throughout the sunbelt[52], and legal covenants are widely employed to play a role largely equivalent to zoning, [53] but with less democratic oversight. The Sun Belt is a region of the United States generally considered to stretch across the South and Southwest (the geographic southern United States A covenant, in its most general sense is a solemn promise to engage in or refrain from a specified action Houston's other urban planning shortcomings are often conflated with the lack of zoning. [53] Voters rejected efforts to have separate residential and commercial land-use districts in 1948, 1962, and 1993. Rather than a single central business district as the center of the city's employment, multiple districts have grown throughout the city in addition to downtown which include the East End, Uptown, Texas Medical Center, Midtown, the Energy Corridor, Greenway Plaza, Westchase, and Greenspoint. Downtown Houston is the largest Business district of Houston, Texas, United States. The East End is a district in eastern Houston, Texas, United States, located between the eastern edge of downtown to the Port of Houston The Uptown District of Houston is located 62 miles (10 km west of downtown and is centered along Post Oak Boulevard Westheimer Road ( Farm to Market The Texas Medical Center, with one of the highest densities of clinical facilities for patient care basic science and Translational research of any location is the largest Midtown is a District southwest of Downtown Houston, bordered by Neartown and U The Energy Corridor is a district of Houston, Texas, United States that lies along Memorial Drive and Eldridge Parkway Greenway Plaza is a master-planned Mixed-use development off of U For the community near Tampa, see Westchase Florida. Westchase is a district and Edge city located in western Houston The Greater Greenspoint District &mdashknown as the downtown of Houston 's north side&mdashis an Edge city bordered by the Hardy Toll Road to
Government and politics
The city of Houston has a strong mayoral form of municipal government. Founded in 1836 and incorporated in 1837 Houston, Texas, United States is one of the fastest growing major cities in the United States and the largest without The Houston City Hall building constructed in 1938-1939 is surrounded by Skyscrapers and very similar to dozens of other city halls built in the Southwest United States The Mayor-Council government system sometimes called the Mayor-Commission government system is one of two variations of Government used for the most part in modern Local governments are administrative offices that are smaller than a State. [54] Houston is a home rule city and all municipal elections in the state of Texas are nonpartisan. Devolution is the statutory granting of powers from the central government of a State to government at subnational level In Political science, nonpartisan denotes an Election, event or organization in which the participants declare or do not formally have a Political party [54][55] The City's elected officials are the mayor, city controller and 14 members of the city council. A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning "greater" is a modern title used in many countries for the highest ranking officer in a municipal government A comptroller or controller (kənˈtroʊlər ˈkɑmˌtroʊ- also financial controller, abrv A city council is a form of Local government, usually covering a City or other Urban area, such as a Town. [56] As of 2007, the mayor of Houston is William "Bill" White, a Democrat elected on a nonpartisan ballot[57] who is serving his third term and final term (due to term limits). William Howard "Bill" White (born June 16, 1954) is the current Mayor of the City of Houston Texas ( January 2 The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. In Political science, nonpartisan denotes an Election, event or organization in which the participants declare or do not formally have a Political party See also Rotation in office A term limit is a legal restriction that limits the number of terms a person may serve in a particular elected office Houston's mayor serves as the city's chief administrator, executive officer, and official representative. He is responsible for the general management of the city and for seeing that all laws and ordinances are enforced. A local ordinance is a Law usually found in a municipal code. [57] As the result of a 1991 referendum in Houston, a mayor is elected for a two-year term, and can be elected to as many as three consecutive terms. A referendum (plural referendums or referenda) ballot question, or plebiscite (from Latin plebiscita A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning "greater" is a modern title used in many countries for the highest ranking officer in a municipal government
The current city council line-up of nine district based and five at large positions was based on a U. A city council is a form of Local government, usually covering a City or other Urban area, such as a Town. S. Justice Department mandate which took effect in 1979. [58] At-large council members represent the entire city. [56] Under the current city charter, if the population in the city limits goes past 2. 1 million residents, the current nine-member city council districts will be expanded with the addition of two city council districts. [59]
Criminal Law is enforced by the Houston Police Department. The Houston Police Department ( HPD) is the primary law enforcement agency serving the City of Houston, Texas, United States. Houston's murder rate ranked 18th of U. S. cities with a population over 250,000 in 2005. [60] While nonviolent crime in the city dropped by 2 percent in 2005 compared to 2004, the number of homicides rose by 23. List of countries by homicide rate Homicide ( Latin homicidium, homo human being + caedere to cut kill refers to the act of killing another 5 percent. [61] Since 2005, Houston has been experiencing a spike in crime, which is due in part to an influx of people from New Orleans following Hurricane Katrina. [62] After Katrina, Houston's murder rate increased 70 percent in November and December 2005 compared to levels in 2004. The city recorded 336 murders in 2005,[61] compared to 272 in 2004. [63]
Houston's homicide rate per 100,000 residents increased from 16. 33 in 2005 to 17. 24 in 2006. [64] The number of murders in the city increased to 379 in 2006. [61] In 1996, there were about 380 gangs with 8,000 members; of which 2,500 were juveniles. [65]
Economy
- Further information: List of companies in Houston
Houston is recognized worldwide for its energy industry — particularly for oil and natural gas — as well as for biomedical research and aeronautics. Health science is the applied science dealing with Health, and it includes many sub disciplines The ship channel is also a large part of Houston's economic base. Because of these strengths, Houston is designated as a gamma world city by the Globalization and World Cities Study Group and Network. [67]
Four of the six supermajor energy companies maintain a large base of operations in Houston. The term supermajor illustrates the six largest non state-owned energy companies as seen in popular financial mediums around the world The headquarters of Shell Oil Company, the US affiliate of Royal Dutch Shell, is located at One Shell Plaza. Shell Oil Company is the United States -based affiliate of Royal Dutch Shell, a multinational oil company (" Oil major " of Anglo Royal Dutch Shell plc, commonly known simply as Shell, is a multinational oil company of Dutch and British origins One Shell Plaza is a 50 floor skyscraper at 910 Louisiana Street Houston Texas 77002 USA While ExxonMobil maintains its global headquarters in Irving, Texas, its upstream and chemical divisions are located in Houston. The Exxon Mobil Corporation, or ExxonMobil, is an American oil and gas Corporation and a direct descendant of John D Irving (pronounced 'er-ving' is a city located in the US state of Texas within Dallas County. Chevron has offices in Houston, having acquired a 40 story building intended to be the headquarters of Enron. [68] The company's Chevron Pipe Line Company subsidiary is headquartered in Houston. [69] Lastly, the international headquarters of ConocoPhillips is also located in Houston. ConocoPhillips Company ( is an international energy corporation with its headquarters located in Houston Texas.
The area is a leading center for building oilfield equipment. An oil field is a region with an abundance of Oil wells extracting Petroleum (crude oil from below ground [70] Much of Houston's success as a petrochemical complex is due to its busy man-made ship channel, the Port of Houston. Petrochemicals are chemical products made from raw materials of Petroleum or other Hydrocarbon origin The Port of Houston is the Port of Houston Texas, the fourth-largest city in the United States. [71] The port ranks first in the United States in international commerce, and is the tenth-largest port in the world. [6][72] Unlike most places, where high oil and gasoline prices are seen as harmful to the economy, they are generally seen as beneficial for Houston as many are employed in the energy industry. Petroleum ( L petroleum, from Greek πετρέλαιον, lit [73]
The Houston–Sugar Land–Baytown MSA's Gross Area Product (GAP) in 2006 was $325. 5 billion,[74] slightly larger than Austria’s, Poland’s or Saudi Arabia’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP). When comparing Houston's economy to a national economy, only 21 countries other than the United States have a gross domestic product exceeding Houston's regional gross area product. [74] Mining, which in Houston is almost entirely exploration and production of oil and gas, accounts for 11% of Houston's GAP; this is down from 21% in 1985. Mining is the extraction of valuable Minerals or other geological materials from the earth usually (but not always from an Ore body The reduced role of oil and gas in Houston's GAP reflects the rapid growth of other sectors, such as engineering services, health services, and manufacturing. Engineering is the Discipline and Profession of applying technical and scientific Knowledge and Manufacturing (from Latin manu factura, "making by hand" is the use of tools and labor to make things for use or sale [75]
Houston ranks second in employment growth rate and fourth in nominal employment growth among the 10 most populous metro areas in the U. S. [76]
In 2006, the Houston metropolitan area ranked first in Texas and third in the U. S. within the category of "Best Places for Business and Careers" by Forbes magazine. Forbes is an American Publishing and media company Its flagship publication Forbes magazine is published bi-weekly [77] Forty foreign governments maintain trade and commercial offices here and the city has 23 active foreign chambers of commerce and trade associations. International trade is exchange of Capital, Goods, and Services across International borders or Territories. [78] Twenty foreign banks representing 10 nations operate in Houston, providing financial assistance to the international community.
In 2008, Houston ranked fourth for highest increase in the local technological innovation over the preceding 15 years, according to Forbes magazine. Forbes is an American Publishing and media company Its flagship publication Forbes magazine is published bi-weekly [79]. In the same year, the city ranked second on the annual Fortune 500 list of company headquarters. Please do not add the complete list of fortune 500 companies The list is copyrighted by Fortune which makes money by selling the content [80]
Demographics
Houston is a diverse and international city, in part because of its many academic institutions and strong industries. This article on the demographics of Houston contains information on population characteristics of Houston Texas, including Households family status, Over 90 languages are spoken in the city. [81] Houston has among the youngest populations in the nation,[82][83][84] partly due to an influx of immigrants into Texas. [85] The city has the third-largest Hispanic and third-largest Mexican population in the United States. [86] An estimated 400,000 illegal immigrants reside in Houston. Illegal immigration refers to Immigration across National Borders in a way that violates the Immigration laws of the destination Country [87] Houston has one of the largest South Asian (i. e. , Indian and Pakistani) communities in the United States. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country Pakistan () officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country located in South Asia, Southwest Asia, Middle East and The United States of America —commonly referred to as the [88]
As of the census[3] of 2000, there were 1,953,631 people and the population density was 3,371. A census is the procedure of acquiring information about every member of a given population Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 7 people per square mile (1,301. 8/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 49. 27 percent White, 25. 31 percent Black, 5. 31 percent Asian, 0. 44 percent American Indian, 0. 06 percent Pacific Islander, 16. 46 percent from some other race, and 3. 15 percent from two or more races. The terms multiracial and mixed-race describe people whose ancestries come from different races. Persons of Hispanic origin—who may be of any race—accounted for 37 percent of the population while non-Hispanic whites made up 30. Hispanic (hispano hispánico hispânico Hispānus adjective from ''Hispānia'', the Roman name for the Iberian Peninsula) is a term that historically 8 percent.
Houston has a large population of immigrants from Asia, including the largest Vietnamese-American population in Texas and third-largest in the United States, with 85,000 people in 2006. Immigration refers to the movement of people among countries While the movement of people has existed throughout human history at various levels modern immigration implies long-term A Vietnamese American (người Mỹ gốc Việt is a resident of the United States who is of Vietnamese heritage [89] Some parts of the city with high populations of Vietnamese and Chinese residents have Chinese and Vietnamese street signs, in addition to English ones. Vietnamese ( tiếng Việt, or less commonly Việt ngữ) formerly known under French colonization as Annamese ( see Annam) Houston has two Chinatowns: the original located in Downtown, and the more recent one north of Bellaire Boulevard in the southwest area of the city. A Chinatown is a section of an urban area with a large number of Chinese outside the majority-Chinese countries of Greater China. [90][91] The city has a Little Saigon in Midtown and Vietnamese businesses located in the southwest Houston Chinatown. This article deals exclusively with the Vietnamese communities within the United States of America; for other communities outside Vietnam refer to the Overseas Vietnamese Midtown is a District southwest of Downtown Houston, bordered by Neartown and U [92] A "Little India" community exists along Hillcroft. Little India is an Ethnic enclave containing a large population of Indian people within a society where the majority of people are either not South Asians or where [93]
Houston has a large gay community concentrated primarily in Montrose, Neartown and Houston Heights. Gay community or LGBT community is a term used to describe the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender subculture Montrose is a neighborhood located in the Neartown area of Houston Texas. Neartown is an area located in west-central Houston, Texas, United States and is one of the city's major cultural areas Houston Heights, often referred to simply as " The Heights," is a large community located in northwest-central Houston, It is estimated that the Houston metropolitan area has the twelfth-largest number of lesbian, gay and bisexual individuals in the United States. [94]
Culture
- See also: List of people raised in Houston and Nicknames of Houston
Houston is a multicultural city with a large and growing international community. Houston is a multicultural city with a thriving international community supported by the third largest concentration of consular offices in the United States, representing Athletics/Sports Sam Adams, football player Lance Alworth HB Bailey There are many Nicknames for the city of Houston, which is the largest city in Texas and fourth-largest city in the United States of America. The Houston Art Car Parade is a yearly event in Houston Texas, featuring a display of all types of rolling art The term multiculturalism generally refers to a state of racial, cultural and ethnic diversity within the Demographics of a specified [95] The metropolitan area is home to an estimated 1. 1 million (21. 4 percent) residents who were born outside the United States, with nearly two-thirds of the area's foreign-born population from south of the United States–Mexico border. [96] Additionally, more than one in five foreign-born residents are from Asia. [96] The city is home to the nation’s third largest concentration of consular offices, representing 86 countries. [97]
Houston received the official nickname of "Space City" in 1967 because it is the location of NASA's Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center. [98] Other nicknames often used by locals include "Bayou City," "Magnolia City," "Clutch City," and "H-Town. "
Arts and theater
Houston has an active visual and performing arts scene. The Houston Theater District, a 17-block area in the heart of Downtown Houston, USA is home to Houston 's nine Performing arts organizations the 130000 The visual arts are art forms that focus on the creation of works which are primarily Visual in nature such as Painting, Photography The performing arts are those forms of Art which differ from the Plastic arts insofar as the former uses the artist's own Body, Face and presence The Theater District is located downtown and is home to nine major performing arts organizations and six performance halls. The Houston Theater District, a 17-block area in the heart of Downtown Houston, USA is home to Houston 's nine Performing arts organizations the 130000 It is the second-largest concentration of theater seats in a downtown area in the United States. [99][100][101] Houston is one of only five United States cities with permanent, professional, resident companies in all major performing arts disciplines: opera (Houston Grand Opera), ballet (Houston Ballet), music (Houston Symphony Orchestra), and theater (The Alley Theatre). Houston Grand Opera (HGO was founded in 1955 through the joint efforts of Maestro Walter Herbert and Houston cultural leaders Mrs The Houston Ballet, operated by the Houston Ballet Foundation is the fourth-largest professional Ballet company in the United States, based in Houston The Houston Symphony Orchestra is a professional Orchestra based in Houston Texas. The Alley Theatre is an indoor theatre in the city of Houston, Texas, and hosts two stages [7][102] Houston is also home to many local folk artists, art groups and various smaller progressive arts organizations. Folk art describes a wide range of objects that reflect the Craft traditions and traditional social values of various social groups An art group refers to an association of Artists who may work (or live communally, for the purpose of facilitating the creation of Art, either that belonging [103] Houston attracts many touring Broadway acts, concerts, shows, and exhibitions for a variety of interests. [104]
Houston holds the Bayou City Art Festival, which is considered to be one of the top five art festivals in the United States. The Bayou City Art Festival (formerly the Westheimer Colony Art Festival is an Arts festival held biannually in Houston, Texas ( USA) in [105][106]
The Museum District has many popular cultural institutions and exhibits, which attract more than 7 million visitors a year. The Houston Museum District (colloquially just Museum District) is an area of Houston Texas south of downtown [107][108] Notable facilities located in the district include The Museum of Fine Arts, Houston Museum of Natural Science, the Contemporary Arts Museum Houston, Holocaust Museum Houston, and the Houston Zoo. The Museum of Fine Arts Houston ( MFAH) located in Houston, is one of the largest museums in the country The Houston Museum of Natural Science is a Science museum located on the northern border of Hermann Park in Houston, Texas, USA. The Contemporary Arts Museum - Houston is a Not-for-profit institution in Houston, Texas, dedicated to The Holocaust Museum Houston, is located in Houston, Texas and was opened in 1996 The Houston Zoo is a 55 acre Zoological park located within Hermann Park in Houston Texas. [109][110][111] Located in the nearby Montrose area are The Menil Collection and Rothko Chapel. Montrose is a neighborhood located in the Neartown area of Houston Texas. The Menil Collection, located in Houston, Texas, United States, is a museum that houses the private art collection of founders Jean and Dominique de The Rothko Chapel is a non-denominational Chapel in Houston Texas founded by John and Dominique de Menil.
Bayou Bend, located in River Oaks, is a 14-acre facility of the Museum of Fine Arts that houses one of America's best collections of decorative art, paintings and furniture. The Hobby Center for the Performing Arts is a theater in Houston, Texas, USA. Bayou Bend Collection and Gardens, located in the River Oaks community in Houston, Texas, United States, is a 14 acre facility of the Museum "River Oaks" redirects here For the city in Tarrant County see River Oaks Texas. Bayou Bend is the former home of Houston philanthropist Ima Hogg. Ima Hogg (July 10 1882 – August 19 1975 known as "The First Lady of Texas" Even though [112]
Many venues scattered across Houston regularly host local and touring rock, blues, country, hip hop and Tejano musical acts. Rock and roll (also known as rock 'n' roll) is a form of Music that evolved in the United States in the late 1940s and early 1950s with roots in mostly African The Blues is a vocal and instrumental form of Music based on the use of the Blue notes It emerged as an accessible form of self-expression Country music is a blend of popular musical forms originally found in the Southern United States and the Appalachian Mountains. Hip hop is a cultural movement which developed in New York City in the 1970s primarily among African Americans and Latinos. Tejano music (Spanish-Texan music is the name given to various forms of folk and popular music originating among the Hispanic populations of Central and Southern Texas Unfortunately, there has never been a widely renowned music scene in Houston. Artists seem to relocate to other parts of the United States once attaining some level of success. [113] A notable exception to the rule is Houston hip-hop, which celebrates the unique southern flavor and attitude of its roots. This has given rise to a strong, independent hip-hop music scene, influencing and influenced by the larger Southern hip hop and gangsta rap communities. Hip hop is a cultural movement which developed in New York City in the 1970s primarily among African Americans and Latinos. For the Ice T album see Gangsta Rap (album. Gangsta rap is a term originated by the mainstream media to describe a certain subgenre [114] Many Houstonian hip-hop artists have attained commercial success.
Events
- See also: List of events in Houston
Many annual events celebrate the diverse cultures of Houston. Regularly scheduled events 5th Annual Charity Golf Tournament - Walden Country Club ApolloCon Ballunar Liftoff Festival The largest and longest running is the annual Houston Livestock Show and Rodeo, held over 20 days from late February to early March. The Houston Livestock Show and Rodeo, also called Rodeo Houston is the world's largest livestock exhibition as well as the world's largest Rodeo event Another large celebration is the annual night-time Houston Pride Parade, held at the end of June. [115] Other annual events include the Houston Greek Festival,[116] Art Car Parade, the Houston Auto Show and the Houston International Festival. Houston's Greek Festival was started in 1966 by the members of Annunciation Greek Orthodox Church (later Cathedral as a "Greek Night" The Houston Art Car Parade is a yearly event in Houston Texas, featuring a display of all types of rolling art [117]
Tourism and recreation
Space Center Houston is the official visitors’ center of NASA's Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center. Hermann Park is one of Houston 's most-visited public parks Situated between Fannin Street and North MacGregor Way it is within walking distance from the Texas Medical Space Center Houston is the official visitors center of the Lyndon B The National Aeronautics and Space Administration ( NASA, ˈnæsə is an agency of the United States government, responsible for the nation's public space program The Lyndon B Johnson Space Flight Center ( "JSFC") is the National Aeronautics and Space Administration 's center for Here one will find many interactive exhibits including moon rocks, a shuttle simulator, and presentations about the history of NASA's manned space flight program. Moon Rock is the debut Album by Paul Steel. It was cancelled for release after the album's first single Your Loss failed to chart upon
The Theater District is a 17-block area in the center of downtown Houston that is home to the Bayou Place entertainment complex, restaurants, movies, plazas, and parks. The Houston Theater District, a 17-block area in the heart of Downtown Houston, USA is home to Houston 's nine Performing arts organizations the 130000 Bayou Place is an 130000 square foot entertainment complex that houses multiple theaters bars and restaurants located in downtown Houston, Texas. Bayou Place is a large multilevel building containing full-service restaurants, bars, live music, billiards, and art house films. The Houston Verizon Wireless Theater stages live concerts, stage plays, and stand-up comedy; and the Angelika Film Center presents the latest in art and foreign and independent films. The Verizon Wireless Theater (formerly Aerial Theater) is an indoor theater owned by Live Nation and located in Houston TX. A concert is a live Performance, usually of Music, before an Audience. An independent film, or indie film, is a film that is produced outside of the Hollywood Studio system, a series of oligopolistic practices by several [118]
Houston is home to 337 parks including Hermann Park, which houses the Houston Zoo and the Houston Museum of Natural Science, Lake Houston Park, Memorial Park, Tranquility Park, Sesquicentennial Park, Discovery Green and Sam Houston Park which contains restored and reconstructed homes which were originally built between 1823 and 1905). Hermann Park is one of Houston 's most-visited public parks Situated between Fannin Street and North MacGregor Way it is within walking distance from the Texas Medical The Houston Zoo is a 55 acre Zoological park located within Hermann Park in Houston Texas. The Houston Museum of Natural Science is a Science museum located on the northern border of Hermann Park in Houston, Texas, USA. Memorial Park, a municipal park in Houston, Texas, is one of the largest urban parks in the United States. Tranquility Park is a park in downtown Houston Texas, between Walker and Rusk Streets and east of Smith Street with the United States Sesquicentennial Park is an urban park in downtown Houston Texas. Discovery Green is a public park in downtown Houston Texas. Opened in 2008 Discovery Green’s site is located on Avenida de las Americas across from the George R Sam Houston Park is a Park located in Downtown Houston, Texas, and is dedicated to the buildings and culture of Houston 's historic past [119] Of the 10 most populous U. S. cities, Houston has the most total area of parks and green space: 56,405 acres (228 km²). [120] The city also has over 200 additional green spaces—totaling over 19,600 acres (79 km²) that are managed by the city—including the Houston Arboretum and Nature Center. The Houston Arboretum and Nature Center (155 acres is a non-profit Arboretum and nature center located in Memorial Park at 4501 Woodway Drive Houston, The Houston Civic Center was replaced by the George R. Brown Convention Center—one of the nation's largest—and the Jesse H. Jones Hall for the Performing Arts, home of the Houston Symphony Orchestra and Society for the Performing Arts. The George R Brown Convention Center opened on September 26, 1987 on the east side of Downtown The Jesse H Jones Hall for the Performing Arts, commonly known as Jones Hall, is a performance venue in Houston Texas, and the permanent home of the Houston The Houston Symphony Orchestra is a professional Orchestra based in Houston Texas. The Sam Houston Coliseum and Music Hall have been replaced by the Hobby Center for the Performing Arts. Sam Houston Coliseum was an indoor arena located in Houston Texas. The Hobby Center for the Performing Arts is a theater in Houston, Texas, USA.
Other tourist attractions include the Galleria (Texas's largest shopping mall located in the Uptown District), Old Market Square, the Downtown Aquarium, SplashTown and Sam Houston Race Park. Tourism is Travel for Recreational or Leisure purposes The World Tourism Organization defines tourists as people who "travel "The Galleria" redirects here For other similar structures named "Galleria" see Galleria. This is a list of the largest Shopping malls in the United States of America based on total square feet of retail space ( Gross leasable area) A shopping mall or shopping centre is a building or set of buildings that contain Retail units with interconnecting Walkways enabling visitors SplashTown is a Water park located north of Houston in the Spring CDP of unincorporated Harris County, Texas, Sam Houston Race Park is a horse racing track located in northwest Houston Texas. The San Jacinto Battleground State Historic Site where the decisive battle of the Texas Revolution was fought is located on the Houston Ship channel east of the city; the park is also the location of the museum battleship USS Texas (BB-35). The San Jacinto Battleground State Historic Site includes the location of the Battle of San Jacinto, and the USS ''Texas''. The Texas Revolution or Texas War of Independence was fought from October 2 1835 to April 21 1836 between Mexico and the Texas (Tejas portion of the Mexican Construction Texas was the second of two s authorized on 24 June 1910
Sports
Houston has teams for nearly every major professional sport. Houston Texas has a rich sporting Culture and the area residents are active in many spectator and participant sports See also Sports in Houston Former Teams American Football Oilers, 1960-97 ( AFL / NFL) - Minute Maid Park (formerly The Ballpark at Union Station, Enron Field, and Astros Field) is a ballpark in Houston, Texas The Houston Astros (MLB), Houston Texans (NFL), Houston Rockets (NBA), Houston Dynamo (MLS), Houston Comets (WNBA), Houston Aeros (AHL), Houston Wranglers (WTT), Houston Takers (ABA), and the Houston Energy (WPFL) all call Houston home. The Houston Astros are a Professional baseball team based in Houston Texas. The Houston Texans is a professional American football team based in Houston, Texas. The National Football League ( NFL) is the largest professional American football league. The Houston Rockets are an American professional Basketball team based in Houston Texas. Houston Dynamo is an American professional soccer team based in Houston, Texas, United States. Major League Soccer ( MLS) is the top-flight professional Soccer league in the United States and Canada with 14 teams 13 in the U The Houston Comets are a Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA team based in Houston Texas. The Houston Aeros are an Ice hockey team in the American Hockey League. American Hockey Association (1926–1942The American Hockey League (AHL is a Professional Ice hockey league in North America that serves as the primary The Houston Wranglers were a tennis team based in Houston Texas in the World TeamTennis League World TeamTennis is a league of team Tennis in the United States. The Houston Takers are an American Basketball Association (ABA team in Sugar Land Texas. The Houston Energy are a football team in the Women's Professional Football League.
Minute Maid Park (home of the Astros) and Toyota Center (home of the Rockets, and Aeros) are located in a revived area of downtown. Minute Maid Park (formerly The Ballpark at Union Station, Enron Field, and Astros Field) is a ballpark in Houston, Texas The Toyota Center is an indoor arena located at 1510 Polk Street in Downtown Houston, Texas. The city has the Reliant Astrodome, the first domed stadium in the world; it also holds the NFL's first retractable-roof stadium, Reliant Stadium. For the aeronautical use see Astrodome (aviation Reliant Astrodome, also known as the Houston Astrodome or simply the Astrodome Reliant Stadium is a multiple-use Stadium in Houston, Texas. The stadium is the home of the National Football League 's Houston Texans Other sports facilities in Houston include Hofheinz Pavilion, Reliant Arena (home of the Comets), and Robertson Stadium (both used for University of Houston collegiate sports, the latter also for the Houston Dynamo), and Rice Stadium (home of the Rice University Owls football team). Hofheinz Pavilion is an 8500-seat multi-purpose Arena on the University of Houston campus in Houston Texas. The Reliant Arena, formerly the " Astroarena " is a 350000 square feet (33000 m² sports center in Reliant Park, in Houston, Texas John O'Quinn Field at Corbin J Robertson Stadium, often referred to as simply Robertson Stadium, is a sports stadium in Houston Texas located on the campus The University of Houston (often referred to as " U of H," " UH," or " Houston " is a public doctoral/research College athletics refers primarily to Sports and athletic competition organized and funded by institutions of tertiary education ( Colleges or universities Houston Dynamo is an American professional soccer team based in Houston, Texas, United States. Rice Stadium is a football Stadium located on the Rice University campus in Houston Texas. William Marsh Rice University (commonly called Rice University and opened in 1912 as The William Marsh Rice Institute for the Advancement of Letters Science and Art The infrequently used Reliant Astrodome hosted World Wrestling Entertainment's WrestleMania X-Seven on April 1, 2001, where an attendance record of 67,925 was set. World Wrestling Entertainment Inc ( WWE) is a publicly traded privately controlled integrated media (focusing in Television, Internet, WrestleMania X-Seven was the seventeenth annual WrestleMania Professional wrestling Pay-per-view produced by the World Wrestling Federation Events 527 - Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. [121] The city will host WrestleMania XXV at Reliant Stadium on April 5th, 2009 [122]
Houston has hosted major recent sporting events, including the 2004 Major League Baseball All-Star Game, the 2000 IHL All-Star Game, the 2005 World Series, the 2005 Big 12 Conference football championship game, the 2006 NBA All-Star Game, the U.S. Men's Clay Court Championships from 2001–2006, and the Tennis Masters Cup in 2003 and 2004, as well as the annual Shell Houston Open golf tournament. WrestleMania XXV is a forthcoming Professional wrestling Pay-per-view event produced by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE which is scheduled to Reliant Stadium is a multiple-use Stadium in Houston, Texas. The stadium is the home of the National Football League 's Houston Texans The Major League Baseball All-Star Game, also popularly known as the "Midsummer Classic" is an annual Baseball game between players from the National League An all-star game is an Exhibition game played by the best players in their Sports league. The 2005 World Series, the 101st Major League Baseball championship series saw the American League champion Chicago White Sox sweep the National League The Big 12 Conference is a college athletic conference of twelve schools located mostly in the central United States. The 2006 NBA All-Star Game was played on Sunday February 19, 2006 at the Toyota Center in Houston Texas, home of the Houston Rockets The US Men's Clay Court Championships is an annual ATP Tour Tennis Tournament which started in 1910 The Tennis Masters Cup is a Tennis tournament played at the end of each year involving the top eight players in the men's tennis world rankings The Shell Houston Open is a regular Golf tournament on the PGA Tour. The city hosts the annual NCAA College Baseball Minute Maid Classic every February and NCAA football's Texas Bowl in December. The Texas Bowl is a post-season NCAA -sanctioned Division I FBS College football Bowl game that has been held for the first time in 2006 in Houston Houston has hosted the Super Bowl championship game twice. professional American football, the Super Bowl is the Championship game of the National Football League (NFL Super Bowl VIII was played at Rice Stadium in 1974 and Super Bowl XXXVIII was played at Reliant Stadium in 2004. Super Bowl VIII was an American football game played on January 13, 1974 at Rice Stadium in Houston Texas to decide the National Rice Stadium is a football Stadium located on the Rice University campus in Houston Texas. Super Bowl XXXVIII was an American football game played on February 1, 2004 at Reliant Stadium in Houston Texas to decide the Reliant Stadium is a multiple-use Stadium in Houston, Texas. The stadium is the home of the National Football League 's Houston Texans In early 2006, the Champ Car auto racing series returned to Houston for a yearly race, held on the streets of the Reliant Park complex. Champ Car, was the name for a class and specification of cars used in American Championship Car Racing for many decades primarily for use in the Indianapolis Grand Prix of Houston was an annual auto race on the Champ Car World Series circuit Reliant Park (formerly the Astrodomain) is a complex in Houston Texas named after the energy company Reliant Energy.
Media
- Further information: List of newspapers in Houston, List of television stations in Houston, List of radio stations in Houston, and List of films featured in Houston
Houston is served by the Houston Chronicle, its only major daily newspaper with wide distribution. Partial List of Newspapers African-American News and Issues The Daily Cougar This is a list of broadcast television stations serving cities in the U The following is a list of full-power FCC -licensed Radio stations in the U Part or all of these movies/shows take place in Houston Texas and/or the surrounding area Hellfighters ( 1968) with John Wayne The Houston Chronicle is the largest daily Newspaper in Texas, USA. The Hearst Corporation, which owns and operates the Houston Chronicle, bought the assets of the Houston Post—its long-time rival and main competition—when Houston Post ceased operations in 1995. Hearst Communications Inc is a privately-held American -based Media conglomerate based in the Hearst Tower in New York City, USA The Houston Post was a Newspaper in Houston, Texas, United States that was established on February 19, 1880, The Houston Post was owned by the family of former Lieutenant Governor Bill Hobby of Houston. William Pettus “Bill” Hobby Jr, (born January 19, 1932) is a Texas Democratic Politician who served a record eighteen years The only other major publication to serve the city is the Houston Press—a free alternative weekly with a weekly readership of more than 300,000. The Houston Press is an Alternative weekly Newspaper published in Houston Texas. An alternative newspaper is a type of Newspaper that eschews comprehensive coverage of general news in favor of opinionated Reviews and columns [123]
Houston Community Newspapers is a news source for smaller localized communities in and around the city. Houston Community Newspapers publishes 35 suburban newspapers—including two daily papers and 33 weekly papers. [124]
Architecture
- See also: List of tallest buildings in Houston
Houston's skyline has been ranked fourth most impressive in the United States ;[125] it is the third-tallest skyline in the United States and one of the top 10 in the world. [126] Houston has a seven-mile (11 km) system of tunnels and skywalks linking buildings in downtown which contain shops, restaurants, and convenience stores. The Houston tunnel system is a system of tunnels 6 m (about 20 ft below Houston 's downtown street system This system enables pedestrians to avoid the intense summer heat and heavy rain showers while walking from one building to another.
In the 1960s, Downtown Houston consisted of a modest collection of mid-rise office structures, but has since grown into one of the largest skylines in the United States. Downtown Houston is the largest Business district of Houston, Texas, United States. A skyline is best described as the overall or partial view of a Silhouette of a city's tall buildings and structures consisting of many Skyscrapers Downtown was on the threshold of a boom in 1970 with huge projects being launched by real estate developers with the energy industry boom. A succession of skyscrapers were built throughout the 1970s—many by real estate developer Gerald D. Hines—culminating with Houston's tallest skyscraper, the 75-floor, 1,002-foot (305 m)-tall JPMorgan Chase Tower (formerly the Texas Commerce Tower), which was completed in 1982. Gerald D Hines (born 1925 is the founder and chairman of Hines a privately held real estate firm with its U The 75-story 1002-foot (3054 m tall JPMorgan Chase Tower of Houston, Texas, formerly the Texas Commerce Tower, is the It is the tallest structure in Texas, 10th-tallest building in the United States and the 30th-tallest skyscraper in the world based on height to roof. This list of tallest buildings in the United States ranks Skyscrapers in the United States based on official height These are lists of Skyscrapers, ranked by structural height (vertical elevation from the base to the highest architectural or integral structural element of the In 1983, the 71-floor, 992-foot (302 m)-tall Wells Fargo Bank Plaza was completed, which became the second-tallest building in Houston and Texas. Based on height to roof, it is the 13th-tallest in the United States and the 36th-tallest in the world. As of 2006, downtown Houston had about 43 million square feet (4,000,000 m²) of office space. [127]
Centered on Post Oak Boulevard and Westheimer Road, the Uptown District boomed during the 1970s and early 1980s when a collection of mid-rise office buildings, hotels, and retail developments appeared along Interstate 610 west. The Uptown District of Houston is located 62 miles (10 km west of downtown and is centered along Post Oak Boulevard Westheimer Road ( Farm to Market Interstate 610 (abbreviated I-610) is a Freeway that forms a loop around the downtown sector of city of Houston Texas. Uptown became one of the most impressive instances of an edge city. Edge city is an American term for a relatively new concentration of business shopping and entertainment outside a traditional Urban area in what had recently been The highest achievement of Uptown was the construction of the 64-floor, 901-foot (275 m)-tall, Philip Johnson and John Burgee designed landmark Williams Tower (known as the Transco Tower until 1999). Philip Cortelyou Johnson (July 8 1906&ndash January 25 2005 was an influential American Architect. John Burgee is an American Architect important in Postmodern architecture. The Williams Tower (formerly the Transco Tower) is a Skyscraper located in the Uptown District of Houston. At the time, it was believed to the be the world's tallest skyscraper outside of a central business district. The Uptown District is also home to other buildings designed by noted architects such as I. M. Pei, César Pelli, and Philip Johnson. Ieoh Ming Pei ( (b April 26, 1917) commonly known by his initials I Cesar Pelli (born October 12 1926 in San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina) is an Argentine Architect known for designing some of the Philip Cortelyou Johnson (July 8 1906&ndash January 25 2005 was an influential American Architect. In the late 1990s and early 2000s, there was a mini-boom of mid-rise and high-rise residential tower construction, with several over 30 stories tall. A high-rise is a tall Building or structure Normally the function of the building is added for example high-rise Apartment building or A tower block, block of flats, or apartment block, is a multi-unit High-rise Apartment building. [128][129][130] In 2002, Uptown had more than 23 million square feet (2,100,000 m²) of office space with 16 million square feet (1,500,000 m²) of Class A office space. Class A Office Space describes the highest quality Office space locally available [131]
Transportation
Houston's freeway system is made up of 575. Roads and highways Urban sprawl and hot humid summers have made automobiles the favored means of transportation in Houston Texas. In the US state of Texas, Interstate 10 is the major east-west Interstate Highway in the Southern United States. Interstate 45 (I-45 is an Interstate Highway located entirely within the U This is a list of highways in the Houston–Sugar Land–Baytown metropolitan area. 5 miles (926. 2 km) of freeways and expressways in a ten-county metropolitan area. [132] Its highway system uses a hub-and-spoke freeway structure serviced by multiple loops. The hub-and-spoke distribution paradigm (or model or network) is a system of connections arranged like a chariot wheel in which all traffic moves along The innermost loop is Interstate 610, which encircles downtown, the medical center, and many core neighborhoods with around a 10-mile (16 km) diameter. Interstate 610 (abbreviated I-610) is a Freeway that forms a loop around the downtown sector of city of Houston Texas. Beltway 8 and its freeway core, the Sam Houston Tollway, form the middle loop at a diameter of roughly 25 miles (40 km). Beltway 8 ( BW8) the Sam Houston Parkway, along with the Sam Houston Tollway, is a Beltway around the city of Houston Texas, A proposed highway project, State Highway 99 (The Grand Parkway), would form a third loop outside of Houston. State Highway 99, also known as the Grand Parkway, is a Texas Highway, which opened its first section in 1994. Currently, the completed portion of State Highway 99 runs from just north of Interstate 10, west of Houston, to U.S. Highway 59 in Sugar Land, southwest of Houston, and was completed in 1994. In the US state of Texas, Interstate 10 is the major east-west Interstate Highway in the Southern United States. In the US state of Texas, US Highway 59 is named the Lloyd Bentsen Highway, after Lloyd Bentsen, former U Sugar Land is a city located in Fort Bend County along the Gulf Coast region in the U
Houston also lies along the route of the proposed Interstate 69 NAFTA superhighway that would link Canada, the U. The proposed Interstate 69 will pass through the eastern part of the U Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page S. industrial Midwest, Texas, and Mexico. Other spoke freeways either planned or under construction include the Fort Bend Parkway, Hardy Toll Road, Crosby Freeway, and the future Alvin Freeway. The Fort Bend Parkway Toll Road connects State Highway 6 near Sugar Land in eastern Fort Bend County to US 90A in southwestern The Hardy Toll Road runs from Interstate 45, north of Houston just below the Harris County line to Interstate 610, near central Houston US Route 90 is an east-west United States highway. Despite the "0" in its route number US 90 never was a full coast-to-coast route it has always ended at State Highway 35, or SH 35, is a largely north-south highway in southeastern and southern Texas between Houston, junction of I-45 on the southeast
Houston's freeway system is monitored by Houston TranStar, a partnership of four government agencies that are responsible for providing transportation and emergency management services to the region. Emergency management (or disaster management) is the discipline of dealing with and avoiding risks Houston–Sugar Land–Baytown is a 10-county Metropolitan area defined by the Office of Management and Budget. Houston TranStar was the first center in the nation to combine transportation and emergency management centers, and the first to bring four agencies (Texas Department of Transportation, Harris County, Texas, Metropolitan Transit Authority of Harris County, Texas and the City of Houston) together to share their resources. The Texas Department of Transportation ( TxDOT, pronounced "tex-dot" is a Governmental agency in the U Harris County is a County located in the US state of Texas within the Houston–Sugar Land–Baytown metropolitan area The Metropolitan Transit Authority of Harris County Texas (METRO operates Bus, Light rail, future Commuter rail, and METROLift (paratransit service in [133]
The Metropolitan Transit Authority of Harris County, Texas, or METRO, provides public transportation in the form of buses, light rail, and lift vans. METRO's various forms of public transportation still do not connect many of the suburbs to the greater city.
METRO began light rail service on January 1, 2004 with the inaugural track ("Red Line") running about 8 miles (13 km) from the University of Houston–Downtown ("UHD"), which traverses through the Texas Medical Center and terminates at Reliant Park. METRO is currently in the design phase of a 10-year expansion plan that will add five more lines to the existing system. [134]
Amtrak, the national rail passenger system, provides service to Houston via the Sunset Limited (Los Angeles–New Orleans), which stops at a train station on the north side of the downtown area. The National Railroad Passenger Corporation, Doing business as Amtrak, is a Government-owned corporation that was organized on May 1, 1971 The Sunset Limited is a Passenger train that for most of its history has run between New Orleans and Los Angeles California, and that from early The Houston Amtrak station is a train station in Houston, Texas, United States served by Amtrak, the U The station saw 10,855 boardings and alightings in fiscal year 2006. [135]
Houston is served by two commercial airports, serving 52 million passengers in 2007. George Bush Intercontinental Airport is an International airport in the city of Houston, Texas, United States serving the Greater Houston [136]The larger is George Bush Intercontinental Airport (IAH), the ninth-busiest in the United States for total passengers, and seventeenth-busiest worldwide. George Bush Intercontinental Airport is an International airport in the city of Houston, Texas, United States serving the Greater Houston [137] Bush Intercontinental currently ranks third in the United States for non-stop domestic and international service with 182 destinations. [138] In 2006, the United States Department of Transportation named George Bush Intercontinental Airport the fastest-growing of the top ten airports in the United States. The United States Department of Transportation ( DOT) is a federal Cabinet department of the United States government concerned with Transportation George Bush Intercontinental Airport is an International airport in the city of Houston, Texas, United States serving the Greater Houston [139] Houston is the headquarters of Continental Airlines and Bush Intercontinental is Continental Airlines' largest hub. Continental Airlines Inc ( is a United States certificated air carrier. An airline hub is an Airport that an airline uses as a transfer point to get passengers to their intended destination The airline offers more than 700 daily departures from Houston. [140] In early 2007, Bush Intercontinental Airport was named a model "port of entry" for international travelers by U. S. Customs and Border Protection. [141] The Houston Air Route Traffic Control Center stands on the George Bush Intercontinental Airport grounds. Houston Air Route Traffic Control Center (ZHU is located at George Bush Intercontinental Airport at 16600 JFK Boulevard Houston, Texas, United States
The second-largest commercial airport in Houston is William P. Hobby Airport (named Houston International Airport until 1967). William P Hobby Airport is a public Airport located 8 miles (13 km) southeast of the Central business district of Houston, Texas The airport operates primarily small to medium-haul flights and is the only airport in Houston served by Southwest Airlines and JetBlue Airways. Southwest Airlines Co ( is an American low-cost Airline based in Dallas Texas, with its largest focus city at Las Vegas ' McCarran Houston's aviation history is showcased in the 1940 Air Terminal Museum located in the old terminal building on the west side of Hobby Airport. The 1940 Air Terminal Museum is a Museum located in Houston, Texas, United States at William P
Another airport is Ellington Field (a former U.S. Air Force base) that is used by military, government, and general aviation sectors. Ellington Field is a joint civil-military Airport located 15 miles (24 km) southeast of downtown Houston, within Harris County in
The Federal Aviation Administration and the state of Texas selected the "Houston Airport System as Airport of the Year" for 2005,[142] largely because of its multi-year, $3. The Federal Aviation Administration ( FAA) is an agency of the United States Department of Transportation with authority to regulate and oversee all aspects of 1 billion airport improvement program for both major airports in Houston.
Greyhound Lines operates intercity services from five stations in Houston and several Houston suburbs. Greyhound Lines is an intercity Common carrier of passengers by Bus serving over 3700 destinations in the United States. Other bus lines operate from Greyhound's stations and other stations.
Healthcare and medicine
- See also: List of hospitals in Texas
Houston is the seat of the internationally-renowned Texas Medical Center, which contains the world's largest concentration of research and healthcare institutions. The Texas Medical Center, with one of the highest densities of clinical facilities for patient care basic science and Translational research of any location is the largest List of hospitals in Texas ( US state) sorted by location East Texas Southeast Texas Angleton The Texas Medical Center, with one of the highest densities of clinical facilities for patient care basic science and Translational research of any location is the largest Health care is the prevention treatment and management of illness and the preservation of mental health through the services offered by the medical, Nursing [143] All 45 member institutions of the Texas Medical Center are non-profit organizations. A non-profit organization ( abbreviated "NPO" also "not-for-profit" is a legally constituted Organization whose objective is to support or engage They provide patient and preventive care, research, education, and local, national, and international community well-being. These institutions include 13 renowned hospitals and two specialty institutions, two medical schools, four nursing schools, and schools of dentistry, public health, pharmacy, and virtually all health-related careers. A hospital is an institution for Health care providing treatment by specialised staff and equipment and often but not always providing for Medical education A medical school or faculty of medicine is a Tertiary educational institution—or part of such an institution—that teaches Medicine A Nursing school is a type of educational institution, or part thereof providing education and training to become a fully-qualified Nurse. Dentistry' is the "evaluation diagnosis prevention and/or treatment (nonsurgical surgical or related procedures of diseases disorders and/or conditions of the oral cavity Pharmacy (from the Greek φάρμακον 'pharmakon' = drug is the Health profession that links the Health sciences with the chemical sciences It is where one of the first—and still the largest—air emergency service, Life Flight, was created, and a very successful inter-institutional transplant program was developed. Memorial Hermann Life Flight is an air medical transport service based in Houston, Texas. More heart surgeries are performed at the Texas Medical Center than anywhere else in the world. Cardiac surgery is Surgery on the Heart and/or Great vessels performed by a Cardiac surgeon. [144]
Some of the academic and research health institutions in the center include Baylor College of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, The Methodist Hospital, Texas Children's Hospital and The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center. Baylor College of Medicine, located in Houston, Texas, USA, is one of the world's leading centers for Biomedical research and clinical care The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston was created by the UT System Board of Regents and supported by the Texas Legislature in 1972 The Methodist Hospital is a hospital located in the Texas Medical Center in Houston Texas. Texas Children's Hospital is an internationally recognized pediatric hospital located in the Texas Medical Center in Houston, Texas. The University of Texas M D Anderson Cancer Center is one of the nation's original three comprehensive Cancer centers established by the National Cancer Act of 1971 The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center has consistently ranked as one of the top two U. S. hospitals specializing in cancer care by U. S. News & World Report since 1990. [145]
Houston is the home of the Menninger Clinic, a renowned psychiatric treatment center affiliated with Baylor College of Medicine and The Methodist Hospital. The Menninger Foundation was founded by the Menninger family in Topeka Kansas and consists of a Clinic, a Sanitarium, and a school of Psychiatry
Education
- Further information: List of colleges and universities in Houston
There are more than 55 colleges and universities and dozens of institutions engaged in research and development in Houston. Healthcare and scientific research Houston is the seat of the internationally-renowned Texas Medical Center, which contains the world's largest concentration of The following is a list of colleges and universities in Houston. The University of Houston (often referred to as " U of H," " UH," or " Houston " is a public doctoral/research
The University of Houston ("UH") is Texas's third-largest public research university with more than 40 research centers and institutes. The University of Houston (often referred to as " U of H," " UH," or " Houston " is a public doctoral/research The List of largest Texas universities by enrollment includes only the top ten universities in Texas as reported by the Texas Education Agency and respective universities UH, with more than 36,000 students from 130 countries, is one of the most diverse campuses in the country. [146] The city is also the home to Rice University, one of the leading teaching and research universities of the United States and ranked the nation's 17th-best overall university by U. William Marsh Rice University (commonly called Rice University and opened in 1912 as The William Marsh Rice Institute for the Advancement of Letters Science and Art S. News & World Report. [147] Other public institutions of higher learning in the city include University of Houston–Clear Lake ("UHCL"), University of Houston–Downtown ("UHD"), and Texas Southern University ("TSU"). The University of Houston&ndashClear Lake (shortened to simply " UH–Clear Lake " or " UHCL " is an upper-level University located on The University of Houston–Downtown (simply " UH–Downtown " or " UHD " is a four-year College in Downtown Houston Texas Southern University is one of the largest historically black universities in the United States. Additionally, several private institutions include University of St. Thomas, who in 2008 was ranked one of "America's Best Colleges" by US News & World Report, and Houston Baptist University. Houston Baptist University (commonly abbreviated HBU is a private Baptist institution founded in 1960 The Houston Community College System serves most of Houston and is the fourth-largest community college system in the United States. Houston Community College System ( HCCS) is a Community college system that operates community colleges in Houston, Missouri City, and [148]
Houston is home to two of four public law schools in Texas: University of Houston Law Center and Thurgood Marshall School of Law. William Marsh Rice University (commonly called Rice University and opened in 1912 as The William Marsh Rice Institute for the Advancement of Letters Science and Art The University of Houston Law Center ( Colloquially The Law Center) is a professional Graduate school at the University of Houston. The Thurgood Marshall School of Law is an ABA accredited Law school in Houston Texas, that awards J The University of Houston Law Center ranked in at No. 60 of the "Top 100 Law Schools" in 2007 by U. S. News & World Report. [149] Additionally, South Texas College of Law—a private institution—is the city's oldest law school founded in 1923 and has one of the nation's top programs for trial advocacy. South Texas College of Law is a private American Bar Association (ABA accredited Law school and is a member of the Association of American Law Schools [150][151] There are 17 school districts serving the city. The following is a complete list of school districts serving the city limits of Houston Texas. The Houston Independent School District (HISD) is the seventh-largest in the United States. The Houston Independent School District (HISD is the largest Public school system in Texas and the seventh-largest in the United States. [152] HISD has 112 campuses that serve as magnet or vanguard schools—specializing in such disciplines as health professions, visual and performing arts, and the sciences. There are also many charter schools that are run separately from school districts. Charter schools are elementary or secondary schools in the United States that receive public money but In addition, some public school districts also have their own charter schools.
The Houston area is home to more than 300 private schools,[153][154][155] many of which are accredited by Texas Private School Accreditation Commission (TEPSAC) recognized agencies. The Houston Area Independent Schools, or HAIS, offer education from a variety of different religious as well as secular viewpoints. The Houston Area Independent Schools (or HAIS) is a non-profit association of more than 50 Private schools located in the Houston Texas area of the [156] The Houston area Catholic schools are operated by the Archdiocese of Galveston-Houston. This article is about Catholic schools in general for specific schools named Catholic High School, see Catholic High School (disambiguation. The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Galveston-Houston (Latin Archidioecesis Galvestoniensis Houstoniensis) encompasses 8880 square miles of ten counties
Sister cities
Houston has sixteen sister cities designated through the city's membership in Sister Cities International (SCI). Sister Cities International is a Non-profit organization dedicated to promoting and fostering Town twinning, especially between cities in the United States [157] The year each relationship was formed is shown in parentheses below.
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Notes
- ^ US Census Bureau Population Finder: Houston city, TX. Grampian ( Roinn a' Mhonaidh in Gaelic) was a local government region of Scotland from 1975 to 1996 Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Baku (Bakı sometimes known as Baqy, Baky, Baki or Bakü, is the capital the largest city and the largest port of Azerbaijan Azerbaijan ( English; Azərbaycan officially the Republic of Azerbaijan (Azərbaycan Respublikası is the largest and most populous country in the South For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. Guayaquil (waʝaˈkil officially Santiago de Guayaquil, is the largest and the most populous City in Ecuador, as well as that nation's main port For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Ecuador topics. Huelva is a city in southwestern Spain, the capital of the province of Huelva in the autonomous region of Andalusia. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Istanbul (historically Byzantium and later Constantinople; see the other Names of Istanbul) is the largest city of Turkey Turkey (Türkiye known officially as the Republic of Turkey ( is a Eurasian Country that stretches This sort of fix restores section edit linkpoints to where they belong Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. For the mystic of the Han Dynasty see Luan Da. Luanda (formerly called Loanda) is the Angola, officially the Republic of Angola (República de Angola Pronounced ʁɛˈpublikɐ dɨ ɐ̃ˈgɔlɐ Repubilika ya Ngola is a country in south-central Nice (nis Niçard Occitan: Niça norm or Nissa, Italian: Nizza or Nizza Marittima, Greek This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Perth is the capital and largest city of the Australian state of Western Australia. Western Australia is a state occupying the entire western third of the Australian continent. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. Shenzhen is a city of sub-provincial administrative status in southern China's Guangdong province situated immediately Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES is a city and municipality in the county of Rogaland, Norway. Norway ( Norwegian: Norge ( Bokmål) or Noreg ( Nynorsk) officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Constitutional Taipei ( Taiwanese Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tâi-pak-chhī Jhuyin Fuhao: ㄊㄞˊ ㄅㄟˇ ㄕˋ Hakka: Thòi-pet-sṳ has been the capital of Taiwan ( Taiwanese: Tâi-oân/Tāi-oân (historically 大灣/台員/大員/台圓/大圓/台窩灣 is an Island in East Asia. REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES Tampico, located at, is the main city in the Mexican state of Tamaulipas, and is the Mexican Gulf 's main economic powerhouse Tamaulipas is one of the 31 states of Mexico, it is located in the northeast The United Mexican States ( or commonly Mexico (ˈmɛksɪkoʊ () is a federal constitutional Republic in North America. Tyumen ( is a city in Russia, located on the Tura River east of Moscow. Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending (ڪراچي) is the largest city in Pakistan. It is the world's second largest city proper behind Mumbai in terms of population which exceeds 10 million Pakistan () officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country located in South Asia, Southwest Asia, Middle East and factfinder. census. gov. Retrieved on 2006-02-22. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1495 - King Charles VIII of France enters Naples to claim the city's throne
- ^ Population Estimates for the 25 Largest U.S. Cities based on July 1, 2006 Population Estimates. www. census. gov. Retrieved on 2007-06-28. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1098 - Fighters of the First Crusade defeat Kerbogha of Mosul.
- ^ a b American FactFinder. United States Census Bureau. The United States Census Bureau (officially Bureau of the Census as defined in Title) is the government agency that is responsible for the United States Census Retrieved on 2008-01-31. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1504 - France cedes Naples to Aragon. 1606 - Gunpowder Plot: Guy Fawkes
- ^ US Board on Geographic Names. United States Geological Survey (2007-10-25). The United States Geological Survey ( USGS) is a scientific agency of the United States government. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1147 - The Portuguese, under Afonso I, and Crusaders from England and Flanders conquer Lisbon after a Retrieved on 2008-01-31. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1504 - France cedes Naples to Aragon. 1606 - Gunpowder Plot: Guy Fawkes
- ^ McComb, David G. (January 19, 2008). Events 1419 - Hundred Years' War: Rouen surrenders to Henry V of England completing his reconquest of Normandy. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common "Houston, Texas". Handbook of Texas Online. Retrieved on 2008-06-01. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 193 - Roman Emperor Didius Julianus is Assassinated 987 - Hugh Capet is elected
- ^ a b U.S. Port Ranking by Cargo Volume 2004. Port Industry Information, American Association of Port Authorities. 2004. Retrieved on 2007-01-15. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 588 BC - Nebuchadrezzar II of Babylon lays siege to Jerusalem under Zedekiah 's reign
- ^ a b "Museums and Cultural ArtsPDF (31. 8 KB)", Greater Houston Partnership. Retrieved on 2006-12-16. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 755 - An Lushan revolts against Chancellor Yang Guozhong at Fanyang, initiating the An Shi Rebellion
- ^ a b Coutinho, Juliana. "Brief history of Houston", The Daily Cougar, 2000-09-13. "The Cougar" redirects here For other uses see Cougar (disambiguation. 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. Events 509 BC - The Temple of Jupiter on Rome 's Capitoline Hill is dedicated on the ides of September Retrieved on 2007-02-06. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats the combined army of Pompeian followers and Numidians under Metellus Scipio
- ^ a b c Houston, Texas. Handbook of Texas Online. The Handbook of Texas (ISBN 0-87611-151-7 is a comprehensive Encyclopedia of Texas geography history and historical persons published by the Texas Retrieved on 2007-01-10.
- ^ a b Looscan, Adele B. (1916). "Harris County, 1822–1845". Southwestern Historical Quarterly 19: 37–64.
- ^ Born on the Bayou: city's murky start. John Perry, City Savvy Online Edition. Published Summer 2006. Retrieved on 2007-02-06
- ^ Cotham, Edward T. (2004). Sabine Pass: The Confederacy's Thermopylae. Austin, Texas: University of Texas Press. The University of Texas Press (or UT Press) is a University press that is part of the University of Texas at Austin. ISBN 0-292-70594-8.
- ^ J.H.W. Stele to Sayers, September 11-12, 1900. Texas State Library & Archives Commission, Retrieved on August 31, 2007
- ^ Olien, Diana Davids; Olien, Roger M. (2002). Oil in Texas: The Gusher Age, 1895–1945. Austin, Texas: University of Texas Press. ISBN 0-292-76056-6.
- ^ Marvin Hurley, 1910-1920, Houston History, accessed 6 Apr 2008
- ^ Gibson, Campbell (June, 1998). "Population of the 100 Largest Cities and Other Urban Places in the United States: 1790 to 1990". Population Division, U. S. Census Bureau. U. S. Census Bureau.
- ^ Houston Ship Channel. TSHA Handbook of Texas. Retrieved on 2007-02-18. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 3102 BC - Epoch (origin of the Kali Yuga. 1229 - The Sixth Crusade: Frederick II Holy
- ^ Carlson, Erik (February, 1999). Ellington Field: A Short History, 1917–1963. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Retrieved on 2007-02-18. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 3102 BC - Epoch (origin of the Kali Yuga. 1229 - The Sixth Crusade: Frederick II Holy
- ^ Streetman, Ashley. Houston Timeline. Houston Institute for Culture. Retrieved on 2007-02-06. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats the combined army of Pompeian followers and Numidians under Metellus Scipio
- ^ How Air Conditioning Changed America. The Old House Web, Retrieved on April 4, 2007
- ^ A Short History. Houston Geological Auxiliary, Retrieved on April 4, 2007
- ^ Shipbuilding. TSHA Handbook of Texas. Retrieved on 2007-02-18. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 3102 BC - Epoch (origin of the Kali Yuga. 1229 - The Sixth Crusade: Frederick II Holy
- ^ Barks, Joseph V. . "Powering the (New and Improved) "Eighth Wonder of the World"", Electrical Apparatus, November 2001. Retrieved on 2007-01-16. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 27 BC - The title Augustus is bestowed upon Gaius Julius Caesar Octavian by the Roman Senate.
- ^ Polish-Texans. Texas Almanac 2004-2005. Retrieved on 2007-02-06. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats the combined army of Pompeian followers and Numidians under Metellus Scipio
- ^ Lee P. Brown - Biography. TheHistoryMakers. com. Retrieved on 2007-01-22. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 565 - Eutychius is deposed as Patriarch of Constantinople by John Scholasticus.
- ^ Ward, Christina. "Allison's Death Toll Hits 43", RedCross. org, 2001-06-18. Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. Events 618 - Coronation of the Chinese governor Li Yuan as Emperor Gaozu of Tang, the new Emperor of China, initiating three centuries Retrieved on 2007-01-01. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. New Year See also New Year The Ancient Romans began their consular year on January 1st since 153 BC
- ^ "Katrina's Human Legacy", Houston Chronicle, 2006-08-27. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 479 BC - Greco-Persian Wars: Persian forces led by Mardonius are routed by Pausanias, the Spartan Retrieved on 2007-08-29. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 708 - Copper coins are minted in Japan for the first time (Traditional Japanese date: August 10, 708)
- ^ Flakus, Greg. "Recovery Beginning in Areas Affected by Hurricane Rita", Voice of America News, 2005-09-25. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 303 - On a voyage preaching the Gospel, Saint Fermin of Pamplona is beheaded in Amiens, France Retrieved on 2007-01-10. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signaling the start of civil war.
- ^ 8th Congressional District of Texas 2007 Appropriations Project Requests. Congressman Kevin Brady, 8th District of Texas. Retrieved on 2007-01-10.
- ^ Flood Forecasting for the Buffalo Bayou Using CRWR-PrePro and HEC-HMS. Center for Research in Water Resources, The University of Texas at Austin Retrieved on 2007-01-10. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signaling the start of civil war.
- ^ Downtown Houston, Texas. Topozone. com Retrieved on 2007-01-10. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signaling the start of civil war.
- ^ USGS Satsuma (TX) Topo Map. Topozone. com. 2006. Retrieved on 2007-01-11. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire. Note: The boundaries of the City of Houston are shown as "HOUSTON CORP BDY" along the dotted line.
- ^ Super Neighborhood# 1-Willowbrook. City of Houston. Retrieved on 2007-01-11. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire.
- ^ a b HOUSTON-GALVESTON, TEXAS Managing Coastal SubsidencePDF (5. 89 MB). United States Geological Survey. The United States Geological Survey ( USGS) is a scientific agency of the United States government. Retrieved on 2007-01-11. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire.
- ^ Harris County. Handbook of Texas Online. The Handbook of Texas (ISBN 0-87611-151-7 is a comprehensive Encyclopedia of Texas geography history and historical persons published by the Texas Retrieved on 2007-01-10. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signaling the start of civil war.
- ^ RICE CULTURE. Handbook of Texas Online. The Handbook of Texas (ISBN 0-87611-151-7 is a comprehensive Encyclopedia of Texas geography history and historical persons published by the Texas Retrieved on 2007-01-10. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signaling the start of civil war.
- ^ Richard Engelkeimer, Shuhab Khan, Carl Norman. "Mapping Active Faults in the Houston area Using LIDARPDF (775 KB)", University of Houston. Retrieved on 2006-12-14. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1287 - St Lucia's flood: The Zuider Zee sea wall in the Netherlands collapses killing over 50000 people
- ^ Earl R. Verbeek, Karl W. Ratzlaff, Uel S. Clanton. "Faults in Parts of North-Central and Western Houston Metropolitan Area, Texas", United States Geological Survey, 2005-09-16. The United States Geological Survey ( USGS) is a scientific agency of the United States government. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1400 - Owain Glyndŵr is declared Prince of Wales by his followers Retrieved on 2006-12-14. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1287 - St Lucia's flood: The Zuider Zee sea wall in the Netherlands collapses killing over 50000 people
- ^ Principal Active Faults. Houston Area, Texas, U. S. Department of Agriculture, May 1984. Retrieved on 2006-12-14. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1287 - St Lucia's flood: The Zuider Zee sea wall in the Netherlands collapses killing over 50000 people
- ^ Texas Earthquakes, University of Texas Institute for Geophysics, July 2001. Retrieved on 2007-08-29. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 708 - Copper coins are minted in Japan for the first time (Traditional Japanese date: August 10, 708)
- ^ "Monthly Averages for Houston, Texas", The Weather Channel. The Weather Channel (also TWC) is a commercially-sponsored US Retrieved on 2006-12-14. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1287 - St Lucia's flood: The Zuider Zee sea wall in the Netherlands collapses killing over 50000 people
- ^ "National Climatic Data Center", National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, United States Department of Commerce, 2004-06-23. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration ( NOAA) is a scientific agency within the United States Department of Commerce focused on the conditions of the The United States Department of Commerce is the Cabinet department of the United States government concerned with promoting Economic growth "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Events 1180 - First Battle of Uji, starting the Genpei War in Japan 1305 - The Flemish Retrieved on 2006-12-14. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1287 - St Lucia's flood: The Zuider Zee sea wall in the Netherlands collapses killing over 50000 people
- ^ "Average Relative Humidity", Department of Meteorology at the University of Utah. The University of Utah (referred to locally as ' The U' or ' the U of U') is a publicly funded Research university in Salt Lake Retrieved on 2006-12-14. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1287 - St Lucia's flood: The Zuider Zee sea wall in the Netherlands collapses killing over 50000 people
- ^ WIND - AVERAGE SPEED (mph). Department of Meteorology, University of Utah. The University of Utah (referred to locally as ' The U' or ' the U of U') is a publicly funded Research university in Salt Lake 1993. Retrieved on 2007-01-10
- ^ A MOMENT IN BUILDING. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signaling the start of civil war. BLUEPRINTS, Volume X, Number 3, Summer 1992. National Building Museum. Retrieved on 2007-01-11. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire.
- ^ "History for Houston Intercontinental, Texas on Monday, September 4, 2000", Weather Underground, 2000-09-04. Weather Underground is a commercial weather service that provides real-time weather information via the Internet. 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. Events 476 - Romulus Augustus, last emperor of the Western Roman Empire, is deposed when Odoacer proclaims himself Retrieved on 2006-12-14. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1287 - St Lucia's flood: The Zuider Zee sea wall in the Netherlands collapses killing over 50000 people
- ^ Houston Extremes Data and Annual Summaries. National Weather Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The National Weather Service ( NWS) once known as the Weather Bureau is one of the six scientific agencies that make up the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration ( NOAA) is a scientific agency within the United States Department of Commerce focused on the conditions of the Published 2007-01-05. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1477 - Battle of Nancy: Charles the Bold is killed and Burgundy becomes part of France. Retrieved on 2007-01-11. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire.
- ^ "State of the Air 2005, National and Regional Analysis ", American Lung Association, 2005-03-25. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1199 - Richard I is wounded by a crossbow bolt while fighting France which leads to his death on April 6. Retrieved on 2006-02-17. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1500 - Battle of Hemmingstedt. 1600 - Philosopher Giordano Bruno is burned alive at Campo de' Fiori
- ^ "State of the Air 2006, 25 Most Ozone-Polluted Cities ", American Lung Association. Retrieved on 2006-04-02. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 68 - Galba, Governor of Hispania, names himself legatus senatus populique Romani, breaking the line of
- ^ "Summary of the Issues", Citizens League for Environmental Action Now , 2004-08-01. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Events 30 BC - Octavian (later known as Augustus enters Alexandria, Egypt, bringing it under the control of the Roman Retrieved on 2006-02-17. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1500 - Battle of Hemmingstedt. 1600 - Philosopher Giordano Bruno is burned alive at Campo de' Fiori
- ^ National Weather Service Forecast Office Houston/Galveston, Texas: Houston (Intercontinental Airport) Climate Data (see: "Normals, Means and Extremes"). Retrieved on Feb 6, 2008.
- ^ http://www.planetizen.com/node/109 Zoning Without Zoning
- ^ a b FOCUS: Houston; A Fresh Approach To Zoning - New York Times
- ^ a b Summary of Significant Accounting Policies. Office of the Controller, City of Houston. Retrieved on 2007-01-10. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signaling the start of civil war.
- ^ 6.2 Run for Party Nomination to Public Office. Texas Politics, Liberal Arts Technology Instruction Services, University of Texas. 2005. Retrieved on 2007-01-10. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signaling the start of civil war.
- ^ a b City Council. City of Houston. 2007. Retrieved on 2007-01-10. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signaling the start of civil war.
- ^ a b Mayor's Office. 2007. Retrieved on 2007-01-10. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signaling the start of civil war.
- ^ Strong Currents of Change. Time Magazine. Time (trademarked in capitals as TIME) is a weekly American Newsmagazine, similar to Newsweek and Published 1979-11-19. Year 1979 ( MCMLXXIX) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1979 Gregorian calendar) Events 1095 - The Council of Clermont, called by Pope Urban II to discuss sending the First Crusade to the Holy Land Retrieved on 2007-01-10. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signaling the start of civil war.
- ^ City Council may grow by two seats. Houston Chronicle.
- ^ "Murder Rate in 2005PDF (30. 4 KB)", Morgan Quitno. Morgan Quitno Press is a research and publishing company based out of Lawrence, Kansas. Retrieved on November 29, 2006. Events 1777 - San Jose California, is founded as el Pueblo de San José de Guadalupe Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.
- ^ a b c Villafranca, Armando. "Houston violent crime to be studied", Houston Chronicle, November 23, 2006, p. The Houston Chronicle is the largest daily Newspaper in Texas, USA. 3. Retrieved 2006-12-17. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 546 - Gothic War (535–554: The Ostrogoths of King Totila
- ^ Leahy, Jennifer. "Homicide rate on track to be worst in a decade - Evacuees play large role in the rise, police say", Houston Chronicle, 2006-10-21. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1512 - Martin Luther joins the theological faculty of the University of Wittenberg. Retrieved on 2007-02-06. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats the combined army of Pompeian followers and Numidians under Metellus Scipio
- ^ "Crime in Texas: 2004PDF (193 KB)", Texas Department of Public Safety, 2004. The Texas Department of Public Safety (DPS is a department of the government of the state of Texas. Retrieved 2006-12-17. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 546 - Gothic War (535–554: The Ostrogoths of King Totila
- ^ O'Hare, Peggy. "City sees 13.5% rise in slayings for 2006 at the Internet Archive", Houston Chronicle, 2007-01-01. The Internet Archive ( IA) is a Nonprofit organization dedicated to maintaining an on-line Library and archive of Web and Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. New Year See also New Year The Ancient Romans began their consular year on January 1st since 153 BC Retrieved on January 1, 2007
- ^ Teachey, Lisa. "Houston's gang-related crime show decrease, according to survey", Houston Chronicle, 1996-06-20. Year 1996 ( MCMXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar) Events 451 - Battle of Chalons: Flavius Aetius ' defeats Attila the Hun. Retrieved on 2006-12-15. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 533 - Byzantine general Belisarius defeats the Vandals, commanded by King Gelimer, at the Battle of
- ^ Houston: Economy. Advameg Inc. . Retrieved on 2007-07-03. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 324 - Battle of Adrianople Constantine I defeats Licinius, who flees to Byzantium.
- ^ "Inventory of World Cities", Globalization and World Cities Study Group & Network. Retrieved on 2006-12-16. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 755 - An Lushan revolts against Chancellor Yang Guozhong at Fanyang, initiating the An Shi Rebellion
- ^ Chevron Picks Former Enron Building for Consolidation Site | Company Activities & Management > Company Structures & Ownership from AllBusiness.com
- ^ Welcome To Shared Server
- ^ "Energy: Largest Houston Area Oilfield Equipment and Service CompaniesPDF (24. 8 KB)", Greater Houston Partnership. Retrieved on 2007-10-14. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1066 - Norman Conquest: Battle of Hastings - In England on Senlac Hill seven miles from Hastings, the forces
- ^ "Port of Houston FirstsPDF (18. 2 KB)", The Port of Houston Authority, 2007-05-15. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1252 - Pope Innocent IV issues the Papal bull Ad exstirpanda, which authorizes but also limits the Retrieved on 2007-05-27. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 927 - Simeon the Great, Tsar of Bulgaria, dies 1120 - Richard III of Capua is anointed
- ^ "General Information", The Port of Houston Authority, 2007-05-15. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1252 - Pope Innocent IV issues the Papal bull Ad exstirpanda, which authorizes but also limits the Retrieved on 2007-05-27. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 927 - Simeon the Great, Tsar of Bulgaria, dies 1120 - Richard III of Capua is anointed
- ^ Bustillo, Miguel. "Houston is Feeling Energized", Los Angeles Times, 2006-12-28. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1065 - Westminster Abbey is Consecrated. 1308 - The reign of Emperor Hanazono, Emperor of Retrieved on 2007-02-06. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats the combined army of Pompeian followers and Numidians under Metellus Scipio
- ^ a b "Houston Area ProfilePDF (55. 5 KB)", Greater Houston Partnership. Retrieved on 2007-05-27. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 927 - Simeon the Great, Tsar of Bulgaria, dies 1120 - Richard III of Capua is anointed
- ^ "Gross Area Product by IndustryPDF (28. 3 KB)", Greater Houston Partnership. Retrieved on 2006-12-15. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 533 - Byzantine general Belisarius defeats the Vandals, commanded by King Gelimer, at the Battle of
- ^ "Employment by IndustryPDF (33. 1 KB)", Greater Houston Partnership. Retrieved on 2006-12-15. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 533 - Byzantine general Belisarius defeats the Vandals, commanded by King Gelimer, at the Battle of
- ^ Badenhausen, Kurt. "2006 Best Places for Business and Careers", Forbes, 2006-05-04. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1256 - The Augustinian monastic order is constituted at the Lecceto Monastery when Pope Alexander IV Retrieved on 2006-12-15. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 533 - Byzantine general Belisarius defeats the Vandals, commanded by King Gelimer, at the Battle of
- ^ "International Representation in HoustonPDF (30. 2 KB)", Greater Houston Partnership. Retrieved on 2006-12-15. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 533 - Byzantine general Belisarius defeats the Vandals, commanded by King Gelimer, at the Battle of
- ^ Top 10 Tech Up-and-Coming Tech Cities
- ^ Fortune 500 2008: Cities. Retrieved on 2008-04-22. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1500 - Portuguese Navigator Pedro Álvares Cabral becomes the first European to sight Brazil.
- ^ "Houston Facts and Figures", City of Houston. Retrieved on 2006-12-15. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 533 - Byzantine general Belisarius defeats the Vandals, commanded by King Gelimer, at the Battle of
- ^ The Strategic Assessment of the St. Louis Region, 5th editionPDF (4. 35 MB). East-West Gateway Council of Governments. 2006. Retrieved on 2007-01-11. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire. Page 25 in PDF File, labeled as page 21.
- ^ Houston city, Texas. 2005 American Community Survey Data Profile Highlights, United States Census Bureau. The United States Census Bureau (officially Bureau of the Census as defined in Title) is the government agency that is responsible for the United States Census 2005. Retrieved on 2007-01-12. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 475 - Basiliscus becomes Byzantine Emperor, with a coronation ceremony in the Hebdomon palace in Constantinople
- ^ United States and States R0101. Median Age of the Total Population: 2005. 2005 American Community Survey, United States Census Bureau. The United States Census Bureau (officially Bureau of the Census as defined in Title) is the government agency that is responsible for the United States Census 2005. Retrieved on 2007-01-12. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 475 - Basiliscus becomes Byzantine Emperor, with a coronation ceremony in the Hebdomon palace in Constantinople
- ^ The Face of Texas Jobs, People, Business, Change. D'Ann Petersen and Laila Assanie, Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas. October 2005. Retrieved on 2007-01-11. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire.
- ^ Census 2000 Paints Statistical Portrait of the Nation's Hispanic Population. U. S. Census. U. S. Census Bureau (2001-05-10). Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. Events 1291 - Scottish Nobles recognize the authority of Edward I of England. Retrieved on 2007-02-06. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats the combined army of Pompeian followers and Numidians under Metellus Scipio
- ^ Hegstrom, Edward. "Shadows Cloaking Immigrants Prevent Accurate Count", Houston Chronicle, 2006-02-21. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 362 - Athanasius returns to Alexandria. 1245 - Thomas, the first known Bishop of Finland Retrieved on 2007-02-06. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats the combined army of Pompeian followers and Numidians under Metellus Scipio
- ^ http://www.chron.com/disp/story.mpl/headline/biz/5174213.html.
- ^ My-Thuan Tran. "Flocking from SoCal to Houston", Los Angeles Times, 2007-12-21. The Los Angeles Times (also known as the LA Times) is a daily Newspaper published in Los Angeles California and distributed Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 69 - The end of the Year of the four emperors: Following Galba, Otho and Vitellius, Vespasian Retrieved on 2008-01-04. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 46 BC - Titus Labienus defeats Julius Caesar in the Battle of Ruspina.
- ^ Chen, Edward C. M. ; Von Der Mehden, Fred R. . "History of Houston's Chinatown", Chinatownconnection. com, 2005. Retrieved on 2007-02-06. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats the combined army of Pompeian followers and Numidians under Metellus Scipio
- ^ "Houston Chinatown Area Map", Chinatownconnection. com, 2005. Retrieved on 2007-02-06. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats the combined army of Pompeian followers and Numidians under Metellus Scipio
- ^ "City Adopts "Little Saigon"", Houston Business Journal, 2004-05-07. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Events 558 - In Constantinople, the dome of the Hagia Sophia collapses Retrieved on 2007-02-06. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats the combined army of Pompeian followers and Numidians under Metellus Scipio
- ^ "South Asian businesses venture into Houston's suburbs," Houston Chronicle, February 16, 2008
- ^ Gary J. The Houston Chronicle is the largest daily Newspaper in Texas, USA. Events 1249 - Andrew of Longjumeau is dispatched by Louis IX of France as his ambassador to meet with the Khan of the Mongols 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Gates Same-sex Couples and the Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual Population: New Estimates from the American Community SurveyPDF (2. 07 MB). The Williams Institute on Sexual Orientation Law and Public Policy, UCLA School of Law October, 2006. Retrieved April 20, 2007. Events 1303 - The University of Rome La Sapienza is instituted by Pope Boniface VIII. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century.
- ^ International Community. houston. org. Retrieved on 2007-02-18. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 3102 BC - Epoch (origin of the Kali Yuga. 1229 - The Sixth Crusade: Frederick II Holy
- ^ a b Foreign Born Population. houston. org. Retrieved on 2007-09-19. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 335 - Dalmatius is raised to the rank of Caesar by his uncle Constantine I.
- ^ International Representation in Houston. houston. org. Retrieved on 2007-02-11. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 660 BC - Traditional founding date of Japan by Emperor Jimmu.
- ^ National Aeronautics and Space Administration. JSC Celebrates 40 Years of Human Space Flight. Retrieved on 2007-02-18. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 3102 BC - Epoch (origin of the Kali Yuga. 1229 - The Sixth Crusade: Frederick II Holy
- ^ Ramsey, Cody. "In a state of big, Houston is at the top", Texas Monthly, September 2002. Retrieved December 10, 2002.
- ^ Houston Arts and Museums. City of Houston eGovernment Center. Retrieved on 2007-02-07. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 457 - Leo I becomes emperor of the Byzantine Empire. 1074 - Battle of Montesarchio in which the Prince
- ^ "About Houston Theater District", Houston Theater District. Retrieved on 2006-12-16. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 755 - An Lushan revolts against Chancellor Yang Guozhong at Fanyang, initiating the An Shi Rebellion
- ^ "Performing Arts Venues", Houston Theater District. Retrieved on 2006-12-16. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 755 - An Lushan revolts against Chancellor Yang Guozhong at Fanyang, initiating the An Shi Rebellion
- ^ "A Brief History of the Art Car Museum", ArtCar Museum of Houston. Retrieved on 2006-12-16. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 755 - An Lushan revolts against Chancellor Yang Guozhong at Fanyang, initiating the An Shi Rebellion
- ^ 2006 fall edition of International Quilt Festival attracts 53,546 to Houston. Quilts. , Inc. Press release published 2006-11-30. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1700 - Battle of Narva — A Swedish army of 8500 men under Charles XII defeats Retrieved on 2007-01-12. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 475 - Basiliscus becomes Byzantine Emperor, with a coronation ceremony in the Hebdomon palace in Constantinople
- ^ The 2004 Top 25 Fairs & Festivals. AmericanStyle Magazine. Retrieved on 2007-04-26. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1467 - The miraculous image in Our Lady of Good Counsel appear in Genazzano, Italy.
- ^ AmericanStyle Magazine Readers Name 2005 Top 10 Art Fairs and Festivals (PDF). AmericanStyle Magazine (October 25, 2005). Events 1147 - The Portuguese, under Afonso I, and Crusaders from England and Flanders conquer Lisbon after a Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Retrieved on 2007-04-26. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1467 - The miraculous image in Our Lady of Good Counsel appear in Genazzano, Italy.
- ^ Houston Museum District. Greater Houston Convention and Visitors Bureau. Retrieved on 2007-02-18. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 3102 BC - Epoch (origin of the Kali Yuga. 1229 - The Sixth Crusade: Frederick II Holy
- ^ Jeanne Claire van Ryzin. "Central Austin has the makings of a museum district", Austin360. com, April 1, 2006. Events 527 - Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Retrieved on 2007-05-22. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 334 BC - The Greek army of Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of the Granicus.
- ^ Houston Museum District Day. Texas Monthly. 2006. Retrieved on 2007-01-10. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signaling the start of civil war.
- ^ Museum District. Contemporary Arts Museum Houston. Retrieved on 2007-01-10. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signaling the start of civil war.
- ^ Houston Museum District. Greater Houston Convention and Visitors Bureau. Retrieved on 2007-01-10. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signaling the start of civil war.
- ^ Bayou Bend Collections and Gardens, Houston, Texas. Retrieved on 2008-03-23. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1174 - Jocelin, Abbot of Melrose, is elected Bishop of Glasgow.
- ^ Lomax, John Nova. "Nobody Gets Out of Here Alive - The Houston Rock Scene and the Cultural Cringe", Houston Press, Feb 1, 2007, John Nova. ""Nobody Gets Out of Here Alive - The Houston Rock Scene and the Cultural Cringe", The Houston Press, 2007-02-01. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1327 - Teenaged Edward III is crowned King of England, but the country is ruled by his mother Queen Retrieved on 2007-02-12. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1429 - English Forces under Sir John Fastolf defend a supply convoy carrying rations to the army besieging Orleans from attack by the
- ^ Frere-Jones, Sasha. "A Place In the Sun - Houston Hip-Hop Takes Over", The New Yorker, 2005-11-14. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1533 - Conquistadors from Spain under the leadership of Francisco Pizarro arrive in Cajamarca, Inca Retrieved on 2007-02-06. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats the combined army of Pompeian followers and Numidians under Metellus Scipio
- ^ Pride Houston. pridehouston. org. Retrieved on 2007-02-07. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 457 - Leo I becomes emperor of the Byzantine Empire. 1074 - Battle of Montesarchio in which the Prince
- ^ The Original Greek Festival, Houston, Texas. 2006. Retrieved on 2007-01-10. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signaling the start of civil war. Warning: Automatic sound file.
- ^ The Houston International Festival. 2007. Retrieved on 2007-01-10. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signaling the start of civil war.
- ^ Angelika Houston. Angelika Film Center. Retrieved on 2007-01-10. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signaling the start of civil war.
- ^ The Heritage Society: Walk into Houston's Past. The Heritage Society. Retrieved on 2007-01-10. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signaling the start of civil war.
- ^ Continental Magazine, March 2008. p. 67.
- ^ "WrestleMania X-Seven Sets Revenue, Attendance Records", World Wrestling Entertainment, Inc. , 2001-04-02. Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. Events 68 - Galba, Governor of Hispania, names himself legatus senatus populique Romani, breaking the line of Retrieved 2006-12-16. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 755 - An Lushan revolts against Chancellor Yang Guozhong at Fanyang, initiating the An Shi Rebellion
- ^ Dale Plummer (2008-03-31). 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 307 - After divorcing his wife Minervina, Constantine marries Fausta, the daughter of the retired Roman Emperor Mayweather, Orton survive Mania; Edge, Flair don't. Canadian Online Explorer. Canadian Online Explorer (commonly CANOE or Canoeca) is a bilingual online news and information site from Canada. Retrieved on 2008-03-31. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 307 - After divorcing his wife Minervina, Constantine marries Fausta, the daughter of the retired Roman Emperor
- ^ Houston Press: About Us. Houston Press. Retrieved on 2007-01-26. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1340 - King Edward III of England is declared King of France.
- ^ "Local Top Stories," Houston Community Newspapers (Townnews. com, 1995–2007). [1]
- ^ Gramsbergen, Egbert, Kazmierczak, Paul. "The World's Best Skylines", 2006-12-11. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 359 - Honoratus, the first known Prefect of the City of Constantinople, takes office Retrieved on 2006-12-16. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 755 - An Lushan revolts against Chancellor Yang Guozhong at Fanyang, initiating the An Shi Rebellion
- ^ "Calculated Average Height of the Ten Tallest (CAHTT)", UltrapolisProject. com. Retrieved on 2007-07-01. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. "July 1st" redirects here For the Ayumi Hamasaki song see H (song.
- ^ Fast Facts, Downtown Houston. Houstondowntown. com 2006. Retrieved on 2007-01-10. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signaling the start of civil war.
- ^ Residential Real Estate. Uptown-houston. com Retrieved on 2007-01-11. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire.
- ^ Sarnoff, Nancy. "Genesis Laying Down Plans for Newest Uptown Condo Highrise", Houston Business Journal, 2001-12-14. Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. Events 1287 - St Lucia's flood: The Zuider Zee sea wall in the Netherlands collapses killing over 50000 people Retrieved on 2007-02-07. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 457 - Leo I becomes emperor of the Byzantine Empire. 1074 - Battle of Montesarchio in which the Prince
- ^ Apte, Angela. "Rising Land Costs Boost Houston's Mid-Rise Market", Houston Business Journal, 2001-10-26. Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. Events 740 - An Earthquake strikes Constantinople, causing much damage and death Retrieved on 2007-01-11. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire.
- ^ Commercial Real Estate. Uptown-houston. com Retrieved on 2007-01-10. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signaling the start of civil war.
- ^ "Highway SystemPDF (153 KB)", Greater Houston Partnership. Retrieved on 2006-12-16. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 755 - An Lushan revolts against Chancellor Yang Guozhong at Fanyang, initiating the An Shi Rebellion
- ^ About Houston TranStar. Houston TranStar. 2008. Retrieved on 2008-02-17. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1500 - Battle of Hemmingstedt. 1600 - Philosopher Giordano Bruno is burned alive at Campo de' Fiori
- ^ METRO Solutions. METRO. 2006. Retrieved on 2007-01-10. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signaling the start of civil war.
- ^ Amtrak Fact Sheet, Fiscal Year 2006PDF (39. 6 KB). Amtrak. 2006. Retrieved on 2007-03-27. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 196 BC - Ptolemy V ascends to the throne of Egypt. 1309 - Pope Clement V excommunicates
- ^ Houston Airport System
- ^ Passenger Traffic 2005 FINAL. Airports Council International. Published 2006-07-17. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 180 - Twelve inhabitants of Scillium in North Africa are executed for being Christians Retrieved on 2007-01-11. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire.
- ^ About George Bush Intercontinental Airport. Houston Airport System. Retrieved on 2007-01-11. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire.
- ^ Bureau of Transportation Statistics (2006-04-27). The Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS as part of the United States Department of Transportation, compiles analyzes and makes accessible information on the nation's Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1124 - David I becomes King of Scotland. 1296 - Battle of Dunbar: The Scots are defeated "2005 Total Airline System Passenger Traffic Up 4.6% From 2004". Press release. A news release, media release, press release or press statement is a written or recorded Communication directed at members of the News Retrieved on 2006-12-16. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 755 - An Lushan revolts against Chancellor Yang Guozhong at Fanyang, initiating the An Shi Rebellion
- ^ Facts and Figures. Houston Airport System. 2007. Retrieved on 2007-02-28. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 202 BC - coronation ceremony of Liu Bang as Emperor Gaozu of Han takes place initiating four centuries of the Han Dynasty 's rule
- ^ [2]. Airport designated 'model port of entry'. 2007. Retrieved on 2007-04-05. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 456 - St Patrick returns to Ireland as a missionary bishop
- ^ Houston Airport System (2006-03-24). Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1401 - Mongol emperor Timur sacks Damascus. 1603 - James VI of Scotland "FAA selects the HAS as 2005 Airport of the Year". Press release. A news release, media release, press release or press statement is a written or recorded Communication directed at members of the News Retrieved on 2006-12-16. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 755 - An Lushan revolts against Chancellor Yang Guozhong at Fanyang, initiating the An Shi Rebellion
- ^ Introduction to the Texas Medical Center. Texas Medical Center. Retrieved on 2006-12-16. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 755 - An Lushan revolts against Chancellor Yang Guozhong at Fanyang, initiating the An Shi Rebellion
- ^ Texas Medical Center. www. visithoustontexas. com. Retrieved on 2007-02-06. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats the combined army of Pompeian followers and Numidians under Metellus Scipio
- ^ Institutional Profile. www. mdanderson. org. Retrieved on 2007-02-21. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 362 - Athanasius returns to Alexandria. 1245 - Thomas, the first known Bishop of Finland
- ^ "Fall 2005 FactsPDF (32. 6 KB)", University of Houston, 2005. Retrieved on 2006-12-16. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 755 - An Lushan revolts against Chancellor Yang Guozhong at Fanyang, initiating the An Shi Rebellion
- ^ "America's Best Colleges 2006", U. S. News and World Report. Retrieved on 2006-12-16. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 755 - An Lushan revolts against Chancellor Yang Guozhong at Fanyang, initiating the An Shi Rebellion Archived from the original on 2007-05-01. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 305 - Diocletian and Maximian retire from the office of Roman Emperor.
- ^ "Houston Community College Distance Education Program", Houston Community College. Retrieved on 2006-12-16. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 755 - An Lushan revolts against Chancellor Yang Guozhong at Fanyang, initiating the An Shi Rebellion
- ^ "America's Best Graduate Schools 2008 - Top Law Schools", U. S. News & World Report. Retrieved on 2007-09-30. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1399 - Henry IV is proclaimed King of England. 1744 - France and Spain defeat the
- ^ "America's Best Graduate Schools 2007 - South Texas College of Law", U. S. News & World Report. Retrieved on 2006-12-16. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 755 - An Lushan revolts against Chancellor Yang Guozhong at Fanyang, initiating the An Shi Rebellion
- ^ "A Chronological History of South Texas College of Law", South Texas College of Law, 2005. Retrieved on 2006-12-16. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 755 - An Lushan revolts against Chancellor Yang Guozhong at Fanyang, initiating the An Shi Rebellion
- ^ "Houston ISD automates lunch", eSchool News online, 2006-02-21. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 362 - Athanasius returns to Alexandria. 1245 - Thomas, the first known Bishop of Finland Retrieved on 2006-12-16. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 755 - An Lushan revolts against Chancellor Yang Guozhong at Fanyang, initiating the An Shi Rebellion
- ^ Private Schools. Houston-Texas-Online. 2004. Retrieved on 2007-01-10. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signaling the start of civil war.
- ^ Houston Private Schools. HoustonAreaWeb. com. Retrieved on 2007-01-10. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signaling the start of civil war.
- ^ School Art Participation. Houston Livestock Show and Rodeo. The Houston Livestock Show and Rodeo, also called Rodeo Houston is the world's largest livestock exhibition as well as the world's largest Rodeo event Retrieved on 2007-01-10. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signaling the start of civil war.
- ^ About HAIS. Houston Area Independent Schools. 2007. Retrieved on 2007-03-27. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 196 BC - Ptolemy V ascends to the throne of Egypt. 1309 - Pope Clement V excommunicates
- ^ Sister Cities International: Online Directory: Texas, USA. Sister Cities International (2007). Retrieved on 2007-12-15. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 533 - Byzantine general Belisarius defeats the Vandals, commanded by King Gelimer, at the Battle of
- ^ About the Formation Of HGA. Houston Grampian Association (2007). Retrieved on 2008-01-25. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 41 - After a night of negotiation Claudius is accepted as Roman Emperor by the Senate
Further reading
- Houston, Texas from the Handbook of Texas Online
- 171 Years of Historic Houston Houstonhistory. The Handbook of Texas (ISBN 0-87611-151-7 is a comprehensive Encyclopedia of Texas geography history and historical persons published by the Texas com. 2007. Retrieved on 2007-01-13. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 532 - Nika riots in Constantinople. 888 - Odo Count of Paris becomes King of the Franks
- A thumb-nail history of the city of Houston, Texas, from its founding in 1836 to the year 1912, published 1912, hosted by the Portal to Texas History, republished 2007 by Copano Bay Press.
- True stories of old Houston and Houstonians: historical and personal sketches / by S. O. Young., published 1913, hosted by the Portal to Texas History, republished 2007 by Copano Bay Press.
- Allen, O. Fisher (1936). City of Houston from Wilderness to Wonder. Self Published. NA. .
- Johnston, Marguerite (1991). Houston, The Unknown City, 1836–1946. Texas A&M University Press. ISBN 0-89096-476-9.
- Miller, Ray (1984). Ray Miller's Houston. Gulf Publishing Company. ISBN 0-88415-081-X.
- Slotboom, Oscar F. "Erik" (2003). Houston Freeways. Oscar F. Slotboom. ISBN 0-9741605-3-9. [3].
- Wilson, Ann Quin (1982). Native Houstonian - A Collective Portrait. The Donning Company - Houston Baptist University Press. 80-27644. .
- Young, Samuel Oliver (2007). A Thumbnail History of the City of Houston, Texas, From its Founding in 1836 to the Year 1912. Copano Bay Press. Limited Edition. .
- Young, Samuel Oliver (2007). True Stories of Old Houston and Houstonians - 1836-1912. Copano Bay Press. Limited Edition. .
External links
- City of Houston official website
- Houston Public Library official website
- 171 Years of Historic Houston
- Greater Houston Convention & Visitors Bureau
- Greater Houston Partnership
- Greater Houston Transportation and Emergency Management Center
- Houston Downtown District
- Uptown Houston District
- Midtown Houston District
- Houston Airport System
- Greater Houston Preservation Alliance
- Houston Wilderness Organization
- Aiesec Houston Platform
- Houston, Texas is at coordinates Coordinates:
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