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House of Plantagenet
England and Anjou
Country: England
Titles: Count of Anjou, King of England, Duke of Normandy, Duke of Aquitaine
Founder: Geoffrey V, Count of Anjou
Final ruler: Richard III of England (House of York line)
Current head: None. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland List of Counts of Anjou First creation 870&ndash1203 House of Ingelger Ingelger (870&ndash898 father The Kingdom of England was a State (927-1707 located in Western Europe dating from the ninth or tenth century to the early eighteenth century when it was legally The Duchy of Normandy stems from various Danish, Hiberno-Norse, Orkney Viking and Anglo-Danish ( from the Danelaw) invasions of The Duke of Aquitaine ( French: Duc d'Aquitaine) ruled the historical region of Aquitaine under the supremacy of the Frankish and later the Richard III ( 2 October 1452 &ndash 22 August 1485) was King of England from 1483 until his death The last member of the Plantagenet dynasty was Margaret Pole, who was executed in 1541. Margaret Pole ( née Plantagenet) 8th Countess of Salisbury ( 14 August 1473 &ndash 27 May 1541) was an
Founding year: 1128
Dissolution: 1485
Ethnicity: French, English
Cadet branches: House of Lancaster
House of York

The House of Plantagenet (IPA: [planˈtadʒɪnɪt]), also called the House of Anjou, or the First Angevin dynasty, was originally a noble family from France, which ruled the county of Anjou. Legal residents and citizens To be French according to the first article of the Constitution is to be a citizen of France regardless of one's origin race or religion ( The English people (from the adjective in Englisc) are a Nation and Ethnic group native to England who predominantly speak English The House of Lancaster was a branch of the English royal House of Plantagenet. The House of York was a branch of the English royal House of Plantagenet, three of whom became English kings in the late 15th century Anjou is a former County (c 880) Duchy ( 1360) and province centred on the city of Angers in the lower Angevin (ˈændʒəvɪn ( French, from Old French, from Medieval Latin Andegavinus from Andegavia Anjou, France) is the name applied Anjou is a former County (c 880) Duchy ( 1360) and province centred on the city of Angers in the lower

They later came to rule the Duchy of Normandy (1144–1204 and 1415–1450), the Kingdom of England (1154–1485), the Kingdom of Jerusalem (1131–1205), the Duchy of Aquitaine (1153–1453), and the Lordship of Ireland, (1171–1485). The Duchy of Normandy stems from various Danish, Hiberno-Norse, Orkney Viking and Anglo-Danish ( from the Danelaw) invasions of The Kingdom of England was a State (927-1707 located in Western Europe dating from the ninth or tenth century to the early eighteenth century when it was legally This article is about the Christian kingdom For the history of the city see History of Jerusalem The Kingdom of Jerusalem was a Christian The Duke of Aquitaine ( French: Duc d'Aquitaine) ruled the historical region of Aquitaine under the supremacy of the Frankish and later the The Lordship of Ireland ( 1171 - 1541) was the nominally all-island Irish state created in the wake of the Norman invasion of Ireland in 1169-71

Contents

History

The name Plantagenet is derived from the plant common broom, which is known as "planta genista" in Latin. Cytisus scoparius ( Common Broom; syn Sarothamnus scoparius) is a perennial leguminous Shrub native to western and central It was originally spelled Plante Genest or Plantegenest or Plantaginet. It originated with Geoffrey of Anjou, father of King Henry II of England.

It is most commonly claimed that the name arose because he wore a sprig of it in his bonnet[1] though perhaps otherwise that he planted broom to improve his hunting covers[2] or used a broom to scourge himself. Brooms are a group of Evergreen, semi-evergreen and Deciduous Shrubs in the subfamily Faboideae of the Legume family Fabaceae Brooms are a group of Evergreen, semi-evergreen and Deciduous Shrubs in the subfamily Faboideae of the Legume family Fabaceae Its significance has been said to relate to its golden flower[3] or contemporary belief in its vegetative soul. [4]

The surname Plantagenêt has been retroactively applied to the descendants of Geoffrey of Anjou as they had used no surname. The first descendant of Geoffrey to use the surname was Richard Plantagenet, Duke of York, father of both Edward IV and Richard III, who apparently assumed it about 1448. Richard Plantagenet 3rd Duke of York ( 21 September 1411 &ndash 30 December 1460) was a member of the English royal family who served in senior Edward IV ( 28 April 1442 – 9 April 1483) was King of England from 4 March 1461 until 2 October Richard III ( 2 October 1452 &ndash 22 August 1485) was King of England from 1483 until his death [5]

Angevin origins of Geoffrey Plantagenet

The House of Anjou was a cadet branch of the original counts of Anjou, the dynasty established by Fulk I of Anjou at the beginning of the 10th century. The descendants in the male-line of a younger son of a Monarch or Patriarch collectively constitute a cadet branch of that ancestor's lineage List of Counts of Anjou First creation 870&ndash1203 House of Ingelger Ingelger (870&ndash898 father The hereditary dynasty became extinct along the male line in 1060, with the death of Geoffrey Martel. The Anjou domains were inherited by his nephew Geoffrey, son of Ermenegarde of Anjou and Geoffrey, Count of Gâtinais. The House of Gâtinais, ruling over Anjou, thus became the House of Anjou, and by the early 12th century had also secured Maine. A seat or family seat is the principal residence of a Lord, Noble, or aristrocrat, and his family Angevin (ˈændʒəvɪn ( French, from Old French, from Medieval Latin Andegavinus from Andegavia Anjou, France) is the name applied Maine is one of the traditional provinces of France. It corresponds to the old county of Maine centered around the city of Le Mans.

In the 11th century, the House of Anjou was one of the four main dynasties in northern France, the other three being:

Out of these four, the House of Anjou was third-most important, superior only to Normandy.

The Angevins were considered unruly and the counts demonstrably unstable. Fulk III of Anjou notoriously had his first wife burnt to death in her wedding dress to punish her for adultery. The Angevins fell in status to the Normans after the Duke of Normandy, William, became the King of England. William I of England ( 1027 His reign which brought Norman culture to England had an enormous impact on the subsequent course of England in the Middle Ages

In 1128, Geoffrey Plante Genest (Plantagenet), count of Anjou, married William's granddaughter, Matilda, giving birth to Henry who, largely through his parents' efforts, obtained the English crown in 1154. This became the First royal Angevin dynasty, subsequently known as the Plantagenet dynasty in England. Angevin (ˈændʒəvɪn ( French, from Old French, from Medieval Latin Andegavinus from Andegavia Anjou, France) is the name applied It thereby came, with its Lancastrian and Yorkist branches, to rule, but lost the province of Anjou itself to the French crown in 1206. The House of Lancaster was a branch of the English royal House of Plantagenet. The House of York was a branch of the English royal House of Plantagenet, three of whom became English kings in the late 15th century

Plantagenet kings of England

The Plantagenet kings of England were descendants of the first House of Anjou. They were established as rulers of England through the Treaty of Wallingford, which passed over the claims of Eustace and William, Stephen of Blois's sons, in favour of Henry of Anjou, son of the Empress Matilda and her second husband Geoffrey V, Count of Anjou. The Treaty of Wallingford of 1153, aka Treaty of Winchester or as the Treaty of Westminster, was an agreement that effectively ended The Anarchy Stephen often referred to in history as Stephen of Blois (c 1096 &ndash 25 October, 1154) was the last Norman King of England Matilda of England (sometimes Maud or Maude; 7 February 1102 &ndash 10 September 1167 was the daughter and dispossessed Heir of Henry I of England

The Plantagenet, or Angevin, kings of England were:

Henry VII of England is usually classified as part of the Tudor dynasty though his mother was of the House of Lancaster and his wife was of the House of York. Richard I (8 September 1157 &ndash 6 April 1199 was King of England from 6 July 1189 until his death John (24 December 1167 &ndash 19 October 1216 reigned as a King of England from 6 April 1199 until his death Henry III (1 October 1207 &ndash 16 November 1272 was the son and successor of John "Lackland" as King of England, reigning for fifty-six years from 1216 Edward I (17 June 1239 – 7 July 1307 popularly known as Longshanks, was a King of England who achieved historical fame by conquering large parts of Wales and almost For the play see Edward II (play. For the film see Edward II (film. Edward III (13 November 1312 &ndash 21 June 1377 was one of the most successful English monarchs of the Middle Ages. Richard II (6 January 1367 &ndash ca 14 February 1400 was King of England from 1377 until he was deposed in 1399 Henry IV (3 April 1367 &ndash 20 March 1413 was King of England and Lord of Ireland (1399&ndash1413 Henry V (16 September 1386 &ndash 31 August 1422 was one of the most significant English warrior kings of the 15th century Henry VI (6 December 1421 &ndash 21 May 1471 was King of England 1422–1461 (though with a Regent until 1437 and then 1470–1471 and a claimant to the kingdom Edward IV ( 28 April 1442 – 9 April 1483) was King of England from 4 March 1461 until 2 October Edward V ( 4 November 1470 &ndash 1483? was the King of England from 9 April 1483 until his deposition two months later Richard III ( 2 October 1452 &ndash 22 August 1485) was King of England from 1483 until his death The Tudor dynasty or House of Tudor was an English royal Dynasty that lasted 118 years from 1485 to 1603 a period known as the Tudor period The House of Lancaster was a branch of the English royal House of Plantagenet. The House of York was a branch of the English royal House of Plantagenet, three of whom became English kings in the late 15th century

Plantagenet descent

The later Plantagenets became divided into the House of Lancaster and the House of York which descended through different sons of Edward III of England. The House of Lancaster was a branch of the English royal House of Plantagenet. The House of York was a branch of the English royal House of Plantagenet, three of whom became English kings in the late 15th century Edward III (13 November 1312 &ndash 21 June 1377 was one of the most successful English monarchs of the Middle Ages. Eventually the Plantagenet surname became extinct along the male line with the execution of Edward, Earl of Warwick, the nephew of Edward IV and Richard III, in 1499. Edward Plantagenet 17th Earl of Warwick and 7th Earl of Salisbury ( 25 February 1475 &ndash 28 November 1499) was the son of George Duke Edward IV ( 28 April 1442 – 9 April 1483) was King of England from 4 March 1461 until 2 October Richard III ( 2 October 1452 &ndash 22 August 1485) was King of England from 1483 until his death Along the female line, Edward's sister, Margaret Pole, 8th Countess of Salisbury, was executed by Henry VIII of England in 1541. Margaret Pole ( née Plantagenet) 8th Countess of Salisbury ( 14 August 1473 &ndash 27 May 1541) was an Henry VIII (28 June 1491 &ndash 28 January 1547 was King of England and Lord of Ireland, later King of Ireland and claimant to the Kingdom of

A notable illegitimate line of the family was the House of Beaufort, descendants of John of Gaunt by his mistress, Katherine Swynford. John of Gaunt 1st Duke of Lancaster (second creation 1st Duke of Aquitaine (6 March 1340 &ndash 3 February 1399 was a member of the House of Plantagenet, the third Katherine Swynford (also spelled Synford) née (de Roet (also spelled (de Rouet or (de Roelt ( 25 November The Beauforts held the title of Duke of Somerset and were one of the prominent Lancastrian families in the Wars of the Roses. The Duke of Somerset is a title in the peerage of England that has been created several times The Wars of the Roses (1455–1485 were a series of dynastic Civil wars fought in England between supporters of the Houses of Lancaster and York Although the Beauforts' male line ended in 1471, it was through them, on the mother's side, that Henry Tudor claimed the English throne.

An illegitimate branch of the Beauforts, the House of Beaufort-Somerset, descended from an illegitimate son of Henry Beaufort, 3rd Duke of Somerset, survives to the present day, bearing the surname "Somerset" and the titles Duke of Beaufort and Lord Raglan. Henry Beaufort 3rd Duke of Somerset ( 26 January 1436 – 15 May 1464) was an important Lancastrian military commander during the English The title Duke of Beaufort in the Peerage of England was created by Charles II in 1682 for Henry Somerset 3rd Marquess of Worcester, a descendant of Baron Raglan, of Raglan in the County of Monmouth, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom.

Full list of members

See List of members of the House of Plantagenet

References

  1. ^ e. This is a list of members of the House of Plantagenet. It includes only those who were members of the male-line descent from King Henry II, and consequently bore his g. The Complete Peerage, vol. 11 ed. G. H. White (London, 1949), Appendix G, pp. 140-41, note(e)
  2. ^ Encyclopedia Britannica, editions from 1974 onwards
  3. ^ J. Bradbury in Studies in Medieval History presented to R. Allen Brown (Boydell Press, 1989), pp. 27-41, esp. p. 40
  4. ^ J. S. Plant (2005) Nomina, 28, pp. 115-33, esp. pp. 120-21, 128; also (2007) "The tardy adoption of the Plantagenet surname", Nomina, 30, pp. 57-84.
  5. ^ The Complete Peerage, 2nd edn. , vol. 1, p. 183, note (c)

See also

House of Plantagenet
Preceded by
House of Capet		 Ruling House of the Duchy of Aquitaine
1152–1399		 Succeeded by
House of Lancaster
Preceded by
House of Normandy		 Ruling House of the Kingdom of England
1154–1399
Ruling House of the Duchy of Normandy
1154–1204		 Succeeded by
House of Capet
Merged into the Kingdom of France

External links

Family chief Heirs cadets House of Lancaster House of York The term Angevin Empire describes a collection of states ruled by the Angevin Plantagenet dynasty The Capetian House of Anjou, or the Second Angevin dynasty, was a cadet branch of the Capetian dynasty, established by Charles Count of Anjou The Valois House of Anjou, or the Younger House of Anjou, was a noble French family deriving from the royal family the House of Valois. A royal house or royal dynasty is a familial designation or Family name of sorts used by Royalty. For a full history of the Capetian family see Capetian dynasty. A dynasty is a succession of rulers who belong to the same family for generations The Duke of Aquitaine ( French: Duc d'Aquitaine) ruled the historical region of Aquitaine under the supremacy of the Frankish and later the The House of Lancaster was a branch of the English royal House of Plantagenet. Norman dynasty is the usual designation for the English monarchs which immediately followed the Norman conquest and lasted until the Plantagenet dynasty A dynasty is a succession of rulers who belong to the same family for generations The Kingdom of England was a State (927-1707 located in Western Europe dating from the ninth or tenth century to the early eighteenth century when it was legally A dynasty is a succession of rulers who belong to the same family for generations The Duchy of Normandy stems from various Danish, Hiberno-Norse, Orkney Viking and Anglo-Danish ( from the Danelaw) invasions of For a full history of the Capetian family see Capetian dynasty.
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