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"Grimaldi" redirects here. For other uses, see Grimaldi (disambiguation).
House of Grimaldi
Country: Monaco
Titles: Consul of Genoa, Prince of Monaco
Founder: Grimaldo Canella
Current head: Albert II, Prince of Monaco
Founding year: 1160

The House of Grimaldi is associated with the history of the Republic of Genoa and of the Principality of Monaco. For other uses see Monaco (disambiguation Monaco, officially the Principality of Monaco ( French: Principauté de Monaco; Monégasque Grimaldo Canella was the youngest son of Otto Canella and Consul of Genoa in 1162 1170 and 1184 Early life Born in the Prince's Palace of Monaco, Albert attended the Albert I High School graduating with distinction in 1976 The Most Serene Republic of Genoa (Repubblica di Genova was an independent state in Liguria on the northwestern Italian coast from the 11th century A principality (or princedom) is a monarchical feudatory or Sovereign state, ruled or reigned over by a monarch with the title of Prince For other uses see Monaco (disambiguation Monaco, officially the Principality of Monaco ( French: Principauté de Monaco; Monégasque

Contents

History

The Grimaldi family descends from Grimaldo, a Genovese statesman at the time of the first Crusades. Grimaldo Canella was the youngest son of Otto Canella and Consul of Genoa in 1162 1170 and 1184 The Crusades were a series of military campaigns of a religious character waged by much of Christian Europe against external and internal opponents He was the son of Otto Canella, a Consul of Genoa in 1133, and in turn Grimaldo became a Consul in 1160, 1170 and again in 1184. Otto Canella (born c 1070 died before 1143 was Consul of Genoa in 1133 and an ancestor of the House of Grimaldi, the family that currently rules His numerous grandsons and their children led maritime expeditions throughout the Mediterranean, the Black Sea, and soon the North Sea, and quickly became one of the most powerful families of Genoa. The Black Sea is an inland Sea bounded by southeastern Europe, the Caucasus and the Anatolian peninsula ( Turkey The North Sea is a marginal, Epeiric sea of the Atlantic Ocean on the European Continental shelf.

The Grimaldis feared that the head of a rival Genoese family could break the fragile balance of power in a political coup and become lord of Genoa, as it happened in other Italian cities. They entered into a Guelphic alliance with the Fieschi family and defended their interests with the sword. The Guelphs and Ghibellines were factions supporting respectively the Papacy and the Holy Roman Empire in central and northern Italy The Fieschi were a noble family from Genoa, Italy, from whom descend the Fieschi Ravaschieri Princes of Belmonte. The Guelfs however were banned from the City in 1271, and found refuge in their castles of Liguria and in Provence. Liguria is a coastal region of north-western Italy, the third smallest of the Italian regions Provence ( Provençal Occitan: Provença in classical norm or Prouvènço in Mistralian norm is a region of southeastern France They signed a treaty with Charles of Anjou, King of Naples and Count of Provence, to retake control of Genoa, and generally to provide mutual assistance. Charles I ( 21 March 1226 &ndash 7 January 1285) commonly called Charles of Anjou, was the King of Sicily by conquest The following is a list of monarchs of the Kingdom of Naples. The land of Provence has a history quite separate from that of any of the larger nations of Europe. In 1276, they accepted a peace under the auspices of the Pope, which however did not put an end to the civil war. Not all the Grimaldis chose to return to Genoa, as they preferred to settle in their fiefdoms, where they could raise armies. Under the system of Feudalism, a fiefdom, fief, feud, feoff, or fee, often consisted of inheritable lands or revenue-producing

History of Monaco
The Coat of Arms of the Principality of Monaco

Rock of Monaco
House of Grimaldi
   List of rulers
Franco-Monegasque Treaty

In 1299, the Grimaldis and their allies launched a few galleys to attack the port of Genoa before taking refuge on the Western Riviera. The early history of Monaco is primarily concerned with the protective and strategic value of the Rock of Monaco, the area's chief geological landmark which served The Rock of Monaco ( French: Rocher de Monaco) is a 141 meter (459 foot tall Monolith on the Mediterranean coast of the Principality of The following is a Chronological list of rulers of Monaco. Most belong to the House of Grimaldi; exceptions which consist primarily of the principality's The Franco-Monegasque Treaty of 1861 granted sovereignty to Monaco. The Italian Riviera is the narrow coastal strip which lies between the Ligurian Sea and the mountain chain formed by the Maritime Alps and the Apennines During the following years, the Grimaldis were going to enter into different alliances that would allow them to come back in force. This time, it was the turn of their rivals, the Spinola family, to be banned from the City. During all that period, both Guelfs and Ghibellines took and abandoned the castle of Monaco, which was ideally located to launch political and military operations against Genoa. The Guelphs and Ghibellines were factions supporting respectively the Papacy and the Holy Roman Empire in central and northern Italy Therefore, the story of Francis Grimaldi and his faction – who conquered the castle of Monaco under the disguise of friars in 1297 – is largely anecdotal. Franesco Grimaldi (François called il Malizia (the Cunning was the Genoese leader of the Guelphs who captured the Rock of Monaco on the night of

In the early 14th century, the Catalans from Spain raided the shores of Provence and Liguria, challenging Genoa and King Robert of Provence. The Principality of Catalonia ˈkætəˌloʊ̯nɪə (Principat de Catalunya Aranese: Principautat de Catalonha; Spanish: Principado de Cataluña Robert of Anjou, known as Robert the Wise (Roberto il Saggio 1277 – 20 January, 1343) was King of Naples from 1309 to 1343 In 1353, the combined fleet of eighty Venetian and Catalonian galleys gathered in Sardinia to meet the fleet of sixty galleys under the command of Anthony Grimaldi. The Most Serene Republic of Venice ((Serenìsima Repùblica Vèneta or Repùblica de Venesia Serenissima Repubblica The Principality of Catalonia ˈkætəˌloʊ̯nɪə (Principat de Catalunya Aranese: Principautat de Catalonha; Spanish: Principado de Cataluña Galleys redirects here For other uses see Galley (disambiguation. Sardinia (sɑrˈdɪnɪə Sardegna Sardigna or Sardinnya is the second-largest island in the Mediterranean Sea (after Sicily) Only nineteen Genoese vessels survived the battle. Fearing an invasion, Genoa rushed to request the protection of the lord of Milan. Visconti was the family name of two important Italian noble dynasties of the Middle Ages.

Several of the oldest feudal branches of the House of Grimaldi appeared during those unrests, such as the branches of Antibes, Beuil, Nice, Puget, and Sicily. Antibes ( Provençal Occitan: Antíbol in classical norm or Antibo in Mistralian norm is a resort town in the Alpes-Maritimes Beuil is a commune in the Alpes-Maritimes department in southeastern France. Nice (nis Niçard Occitan: Niça norm or Nissa, Italian: Nizza or Nizza Marittima, Greek Puget is a commune of the Vaucluse département in southern France. Sicily ( Italian and Sicilian: Sicilia) is an autonomous region of Italy. In 1395, the Grimaldis took advantage of the discords in Genoa to take possession of Monaco, which they then ruled as a condominium. In International law, a condominium (plural either condominia, as in Latin or condominiums is a political territory (state or border area in or over which two or It is the origin of today's principality.

As it was customary in Genoa, the Grimaldis organized their family ties within a corporation called Albergo. An Albergo (Alberghi in plural was a corporation of nobility in which several lesser noble families bonded around a dominant noble House In the political reform of 1528, this ancient family became one of the 28 alberghi of the Republic of Genoa, to which other families were formally invited to join. The House of Grimaldi provided many illustrious personalities such as doges, cardinals, cabinet ministers, and countless officers. The Republic of Genoa ( Italy) was technically a Communal Republic in the early Middle Ages, but in actuality it was an Oligarchy ruled A cardinal is a senior ecclesiastical official usually a bishop, of the Catholic Church.

Until 2002, a treaty between Monaco and France stated that if the Grimaldi family ever failed to produce a male heir then the sovereignty over the territory would revert to France. See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Sovereignty is the exclusive Right to control a Government, a country, a people or oneself The 2002 agreement modified this to make provisions for a regency and continued Monegasque sovereignty if such an event were to occur. A regent, from the Latin regens "who reigns" is a person selected to act as Head of state (ruling or not because the ruler is a minor

The coat of arms of the House of Grimaldi are simply described as fusily argent and gules, i. Heraldry in its most general sense encompasses all matters relating to the duties and responsibilities of officers of arms. e. , a pattern of red diamonds on a white background.

Select list of Grimaldis

Elena Grimaldi, as painted by Anthony Van Dyck, c. 1623
Elena Grimaldi, as painted by Anthony Van Dyck, c. 1623

Further reading

External links

See also



The line of Succession to the Monegasque Throne passes to the descendants of the reigning Prince of Monaco in accordance with male-preference Primogeniture Grimaldi Industri AB of Stockholm Sweden, is a company with many holdings including Alpha Sweden Cycleuropa Group The Prince's Palace of Monaco is the official residence of the Prince of Monaco. The Monegasque Princely Family consists of the extended family of the Sovereign Prince of Monaco.
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