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Horseshoe Bats
Great Horse-Shoe Bat
Great Horse-Shoe Bat
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Chiroptera
Family: Rhinolophidae
Gray, 1825
Subfamilies

Hipposiderinae
Rhinolophinae

Horseshoe bats (the Rhinolophidae family) are a large family of bats including approximately 130 species grouped in 10 genera. Chordates ( Phylum Chordata) are a group of Animals that includes the Vertebrates together with several closely related Invertebrates Mammals ( class Mammalia) are a class of Vertebrate Animals characterized by the presence of Sweat glands, including sweat glands John Edward Gray ( 12 February 1800 &ndash 7 March 1875) was a British zoologist. In Biological classification, family ( Latin Hipposiderinae is a Subfamily of Horseshoe bats There are 9 genera within this subfamily namely Anthops (flower-faced The Genus Rhinolophus, commonly called horseshoe bats, comprises approximately 69 distinct Species and the only genus of subfamily They either belong to the suborder Microchiroptera (microbats) or the Yinpterochiroptera. The microbats constitute the suborder Microchiroptera within the order Chiroptera ( Bats. The Yinpterochiroptera is a proposed suborder of the Chiroptera, which includes the Megabats and three of the Microbat families Rhinopomatidae

Contents

Appearance

All rhinolophids have leaf-like protuberances on their noses. In rhinolophines species, these take the shape of a horseshoe; in hipposiderine, they are leaf- or spear-like. They emit echolocation calls through these structures, which may serve to focus the sound. Echolocation, also called biosonar, is the biological Sonar used by several Animals such as Dolphins Shrews most Bats Their hind limbs are not well developed, so that they cannot walk on all fours; conversely, their wings are broad, making their flight particularly agile Most rhinolophids are dull brown or reddish brown in color. They vary in size from 2. 5 cm to 14 cm in head-body length, and 4 to 120 grams in weight[1]. Their dental formula is:

1. Dentition is the development of Teeth and their arrangement in the Mouth. 1. 1-2. 3
2. 1. 2-3. 3

Ecology

Rhinolophids inhabit temperate and tropical regions of southern Europe, Africa, and Asia south to northern and eastern Australia, including many Pacific islands. The Tropics are centered on the Equator and limited in Latitude by the Tropic of Cancer in the northern hemisphere at approximately 23°26' (23 For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. The Pacific Ocean contains an estimated 20000 to 30000 Islands (the exact number has yet to be precisely determined All species are insectivorous, capturing insects in flight. An insectivore is a type of carnivore with a diet that consists chiefly of Insects and similar small creatures Their roost habits are diverse; some species are found in large colonies in caves, some prefer hollow trees, and others sleep in the open, among the branches of trees. A cave is a natural underground void large enough for a human to enter Members of northern populations may hibernate during the winter, while a few are known to aestivate; at least one species is migratory. For the ability of certain operating systems see Hibernate (OS feature Hibernation is a state of inactivity and metabolic depression Estivation or aestivation (from Latin aestas, summer also known as "summer sleep" is a state of Dormancy somewhat similar Like many Vespertilionidae bats, females of some rhinolophid species mate during the fall and store the sperm over the winter, conceiving and gestating young beginning in the spring. Evening bats or perhaps more correctly Vesper bats (family Vespertilionidae) are the largest and best-known family of Bats They belong to the suborder The term sperm is derived from the Greek word (σπέρμα sperma (meaning "seed" and refers to the male reproductive cells. Gestation is the carrying of an Embryo or Fetus inside a Female Viviparous Animal.

Classification

The Rhinolophidae family is usually divided into two subfamilies, the Rhinolophinae (horse-shoe bats) and Hipposiderinae (Old World leaf-nosed bats). The Genus Rhinolophus, commonly called horseshoe bats, comprises approximately 69 distinct Species and the only genus of subfamily Hipposiderinae is a Subfamily of Horseshoe bats There are 9 genera within this subfamily namely Anthops (flower-faced Although there is little question that these two groups of bats are closely related, the leaf-nosed bats are sometimes raised to the status of a full family, the Hipposideridae, alongside the Rhinlophidae. Many species are extremely difficult to distinguish.

However with the recent evidence that these bats may in fact not be part of the Microchiroptera, but rather the highly new group Yinpterochiroptera which includes megabats and two other bat families that are also once consider as part of the Microchiroptera. The Genus Rhinolophus, commonly called horseshoe bats, comprises approximately 69 distinct Species and the only genus of subfamily The Genus Rhinolophus, commonly called horseshoe bats, comprises approximately 69 distinct Species and the only genus of subfamily Hipposiderinae is a Subfamily of Horseshoe bats There are 9 genera within this subfamily namely Anthops (flower-faced UserPolbot. -->The Flower-faced Bat ( Anthops ornatus) is a species of Bat in the Hipposideridae UserPolbot. --> Asellia is a genus of Bat in the Hipposideridae family UserPolbot. --> Aselliscus is a genus of Bat in the Hipposideridae family UserPolbot. --> Percival's Trident Bat ( Cloeotis percivali) is a species of Bat in the Hipposideridae UserPolbot. --> Coelops is a genus of Bat in the Hipposideridae family Hipposideros is a genus of Bats They are collectively called roundleaf bats after the shape of their nasal ornament Vietnam leaf-nosed bat(Paracoelops megalotisThis bat species is known from a single Specimen. UserPolbot. -->The Orange Leaf-nosed Bat ( Rhinonicteris aurantia) is a species of Bat in the Hipposideridae UserPolbot. --> Triaenops is a genus of Bat in the Hipposideridae family The Yinpterochiroptera is a proposed suborder of the Chiroptera, which includes the Megabats and three of the Microbat families Rhinopomatidae For other uses of the term "Flying fox" see Flying fox (disambiguation Megabats is the term used informally to refer to bats

References

  1. ^ (1984) in Macdonald, D. : The Encyclopedia of Mammals. New York: Facts on File, 805. ISBN 0-87196-871-1.  
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