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In astrology, a horoscope is a chart or diagram representing the positions of the Sun, Moon, planets, the astrological aspects, and sensitive angles at the time of an event, such as the moment of a person's birth. Astrology (from Greek grc ἄστρον astron, "constellation star" and grc -λογία -logia) is a group of Systems In Astrology, an aspect is an Angle the planets make to each other in the horoscope and also to the ascendant midheaven descendant and nadir The angle s are the four Cardinal points of an astrological chart: the Ascendant, the Midheaven, the Descendant and the Imum Childbirth (also called labour, birth, partus or parturition) is the culmination of a Human Pregnancy or The word horoscope is derived from Greek words meaning "a look at the hours" (horoskopos, pl. Greek (el ελληνική γλώσσα or simply el ελληνικά — "Hellenic" is an Indo-European language, spoken today by 15-22 million people mainly horoskopoi, or "marker(s) of the hour. ") Other commonly used names for the horoscope in English include astrological chart, astro-chart, celestial map, sky-map, star-chart, cosmogram, vitasphere, radical chart, radix, chart wheel, or simply chart. It is used as a method of divination regarding events relating to the point in time it represents and forms the basis of the horoscopic traditions of astrology. Divination (from Latin divinare "to be inspired by a god" related to Divine, Diva and Deus) is the attempt of ascertaining Horoscopic astrology is a form of Astrology which uses a Horoscope, a visual representation of the heavens for a specific moment in time in order to interpret the
In common usage, horoscope often refers to an astrologer's interpretation, usually through a system of Sun sign astrology or based upon calendar significance of an event, as in Chinese astrology. An astrologer practices one or more forms of Astrology. Typically an astrologer draws a Horoscope for the time of an event such as a person's birth and interprets Sun-sign astrology (also known as newspaper astrology) is the form of astrology most commonly found in many Newspaper and magazine columns The Chinese Zodiac is a 12 year cycle Each year of the 12 year cycle is named after one of the original 12 animals In particular, many newspapers and magazines carry predictive columns based on celestial influences in relation to the zodiacal placement of the Sun on the day of a person's birth, identifying the individual's Sun sign or "star sign. Zodiac denotes an annual cycle of twelve stations along the Ecliptic, the apparent path of the sun across the heavens through the Constellations that divide the ecliptic The Sun (is considered a very important part of Astrology. It as well as the Moon, are the most important of the astrological planets. " This system is distinct from horoscopes as traditionally employed, as only the zodiacal placement of the Sun is considered in interpretation[1]. While this modern usage is perhaps the most popular in the colloquial lexicon, this article will focus primarily on the traditional concept.
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Introduction
The horoscope serves as a stylized map of the heavens over a specific location at a particular moment in time. In most applications the perspective is geocentric (heliocentric astrology being one exception). In Astronomy, the geocentric model of the Universe is the superseded theory that the Earth is the center of the universe and other In Astronomy, heliocentrism is the theory that the Sun is at the center of the Solar System. The positions of the actual planets (including Sun and Moon) are placed in the chart, along with those of purely calculated factors such as the lunar nodes, the house cusps including the midheaven and the ascendant, zodiac signs, fixed stars and the lots. The lunar nodes are the Orbital nodes of the Moon, that is the points where the orbit of the Moon crosses the Ecliptic (which is the apparent Most horoscopic traditions of astrology systems divide the Horoscope into a number (usually twelve of houses whose positions depend on time and location rather According to modern astrologers the Midheaven ( or Medium Coeli is the zenith of a path in the sky traced by the point of intersection between the The ascendant ( or As) or rising sign, is the zodiacal sign and degree that was ascending on the eastern horizon at the specific time and location of an Zodiac denotes an annual cycle of twelve stations along the Ecliptic, the apparent path of the sun across the heavens through the Constellations that divide the ecliptic In Astrology, the Arabian/Arabic parts or lots are constructed points based on mathematical calculations of three horoscopic entities such as Angular relationships between the planets themselves and other points, called aspects, are typically determined. In Astrology, an aspect is an Angle the planets make to each other in the horoscope and also to the ascendant midheaven descendant and nadir Which elements are used or emphasized over others varies by tradition.
Etymology
The word horoscope comes from an Old English word deriving from Latin horoscopus, ultimately from Greek ὡρόσκοπος "nativity, horoscope", literally "observer of the hour [of birth]", from ὥρα "time, hour" and σκόπος "observer, watcher". Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. Greek (el ελληνική γλώσσα or simply el ελληνικά — "Hellenic" is an Indo-European language, spoken today by 15-22 million people mainly In Middle English texts from the 11th century, the word appears in the Latin form, and is anglicized to horoscope in Early Modern English. Middle English is the name given by Historical linguistics to the diverse forms of the English language spoken between the Norman invasion of Anglicisation or anglicization (see -ise vs -ize) is a process of conversion of verbal or written elements of any other language into a more comprehensible English Early Modern English is the stage of the English language used from about the end of the Middle English period (the latter half of the 15th century to 1650 The noun horoscopy for "casting of horoscopes" has been in use since the 17th century (OED). The Oxford English Dictionary ( OED) published by the Oxford University Press (OUP is a comprehensive Dictionary of the English In Greek, ὡρόσκοπος in the sense of "ascendant" and ὡροσκοπία "observation of the ascendant" is in use since Ptolemy (Tetrabiblos 33, 75). The ascendant ( or As) or rising sign, is the zodiacal sign and degree that was ascending on the eastern horizon at the specific time and location of an Claudius Ptolemaeus ( Greek: Klaúdios Ptolemaîos; after 83 &ndash ca Claudius Ptolemaeus ( Greek: Klaúdios Ptolemaîos; after 83 &ndash ca
Concepts in Western Astrology
- The native is the time and place of the event (a birth, for example) being charted, and is considered to be at the centre of the celestial sphere. Western astrology is the system of Astrology most popular in Western countries
- The celestial sphere is a sphere of arbitrary radius upon which the items appearing on the horoscope are projected without regard to their distance from the native.
- The plane of the equator is the plane of the earth's equator projected into space. The equator (sometimes referred to colloquially as "the Line") is the intersection of the Earth 's surface with the plane perpendicular to the
- The plane of the ecliptic is defined by the orbits of the earth and the sun. The Sun (is considered a very important part of Astrology. It as well as the Moon, are the most important of the astrological planets. For practical purposes the plane of the equator and the plane of the ecliptic maintain a constant inclination to each other of approximately 23. The ecliptic is the apparent path that the Sun traces out in the sky during the year 5°.
- The plane of the horizon is centred on the native, and is tangential to the earth at that point. In a sphere whose radius is infinitely large, this plane may be treated as nearly equivalent to the parallel plane with its centre at the earth's center. This greatly simplifies the geometry of the horoscope, but does not take into account that the native is in motion. Some writers on astrology have thus considered the effects of parallax, but most would agree that (apart from that of the moon) they are relatively minor. Parallax is an apparent displacement or difference of orientation of an object viewed along two different lines of sight and is measured by the angle or semi-angle of inclination between
Angles
- There are four primary angles in the horoscope (though the cusps of the houses are often included as important angles by some astrologers). The angle s are the four Cardinal points of an astrological chart: the Ascendant, the Midheaven, the Descendant and the Imum Most horoscopic traditions of astrology systems divide the Horoscope into a number (usually twelve of houses whose positions depend on time and location rather The ascendant is the eastern point where the ecliptic and horizon intersect; the ascendant is generally considered the most important and personalized angle (along with the midheaven) in the horoscope by the vast majority of astrologers and the placement of its ruler, called the chart ruler is considered to be greatly important. The ascendant ( or As) or rising sign, is the zodiacal sign and degree that was ascending on the eastern horizon at the specific time and location of an According to modern astrologers the Midheaven ( or Medium Coeli is the zenith of a path in the sky traced by the point of intersection between the A Chart Ruler refers to the astrological planetary body that rules the zoidion ( Zodiac sign of the Ascendant in a given Horoscope. Its opposite point in the west is the descendant. In Astrology, the descendant is the point directly opposite or 180 degrees away from the Ascendant. In creating a horoscope the ascendant is traditionally placed as the left-hand side point of the chart. During the course of a day, because of the Earth's rotation, the entire circle of the ecliptic will pass through the ascendant and will be advanced by about 1°. This provides us with the term rising sign, which is the sign of the zodiac that was rising in the east at the exact time that the horoscope or natal chart is calculated. In Natal astrology, a natal chart is a Horoscope /astrological chart drawn for the exact time of an individual's birth at a particular place on Earth
- The medium coeli or midheaven is the point on the ecliptic that is furthest above the plane of the horizon (not to be confused with zenith, which is normal to the horizon and so directly above the horoscope location). In broad terms the zenith is the direction pointing directly above a particular location ( Perpendicular, Orthogonal) Its opposite point is known as the imum coeli (not to be confused with nadir, which is the opposite point of the zenith on the reverse side of the horizon). In Astrology, the Imum Coeli (Latin for "bottom of the sky" IC, is the point in space where the Ecliptic crosses the meridian in the north The nadir (from Arabic ندير nadeer نظير nathir, "opposite" is the astronomical term for the point directly In broad terms the zenith is the direction pointing directly above a particular location ( Perpendicular, Orthogonal) For events occurring where the planes of the ecliptic and the horizon coincide, the limiting position for these points is located 90° from the ascendant.
The zodiac
- The zodiac refers to the 16° wide band on the celestial sphere containing the signs. Astrological symbols are images used in various astrological systems to denote relevant objects A glyph is an element of writing Two or more glyphs representing the same symbol whether interchangeable or context-dependent are called Allographs the abstract unit they Astrological signs represent twelve equal segments or divisions of the Zodiac. Zodiac denotes an annual cycle of twelve stations along the Ecliptic, the apparent path of the sun across the heavens through the Constellations that divide the ecliptic Zodiac denotes an annual cycle of twelve stations along the Ecliptic, the apparent path of the sun across the heavens through the Constellations that divide the ecliptic It is centered on the ecliptic,occurs at the exact moment that the Sun crosses the celestial equator and enters the zodiac sign of Aries. The celestial equator is a Great circle on the imaginary Celestial sphere, in the same plane as the Earth 's Equator. Aries, the ram, is the first Astrological sign in the Zodiac. Astrologers in India and some Western astrologers use the more ancient sidereal zodiac, which corresponds to the ancient position of the constellations as they were viewed thousands of years ago. Sidereal astrology is the system of Astrology used by some Western and all Jyotish astrologers who base their interpretation around the use of the Many people are confused regarding the difference between the sidereal constellations and the tropical zodiac signs. Because of a "wobble" in the earth's axis of rotation over a period of about 26,000 years (this 26,000 year period is often called a "great year"), the point at which the vernal equinox advances in the sky rate is approximately 0 deg, 0 min, 50. A Great year (also known as a Platonic year or Equinoctial cycle) is the time required for one complete cycle of the Precession of the equinoxes, 23 seconds a year. Precession of the equinoxes thus occurs at a rate of roughly 5 arc minutes of a degree every 6 years. In Astronomy, Precession refers to the movement of the rotational axis of a body such as a planet with respect to Inertial space. Sidereal astrologers use zodiac signs that roughly align with the constellations as they were charted many thousands of years ago. Tropical astrologers use zodiac signs that align with the vernal equinox in the northern hemisphere and so the signs relate to the seasons and not the stars. It is also important to note that some astrologers don't use the signs of the zodiac at all, focusing more instead on the astrological aspects and other features of the horoscope. In Astrology, an aspect is an Angle the planets make to each other in the horoscope and also to the ascendant midheaven descendant and nadir
- The sun sign is the sign of the zodiac in which the sun is located for the native. The Sun (is considered a very important part of Astrology. It as well as the Moon, are the most important of the astrological planets. This is the single astrological fact familiar to most people. If an event occurs at sunrise the ascendant and sun sign' will be the same; other rising signs can then be estimated at approximately two hour intervals from there.
- A cusp is the boundary between two signs or houses. For some the cusp includes a small portion of the two signs or houses under consideration.
Houses
- The houses are a series of twelve divisions of the plane of the ecliptic. Most horoscopic traditions of astrology systems divide the Horoscope into a number (usually twelve of houses whose positions depend on time and location rather Astrologers have devised many systems of calculating these house divisions. In the case of the equal house system the ecliptic is divided into twelve equal houses of 30° each. Most horoscopic traditions of astrology systems divide the Horoscope into a number (usually twelve of houses whose positions depend on time and location rather The first house begins at the ascendant and the others are numbered counterclockwise from that point. The first six are therefore below the horizon, and the other six are above. The positions of these houses remains fixed relative to the native. The signs and planets all move through the twelve houses during the course of a day, and the planets move through the signs over the course of months or years.
Construction of a horoscope in Western Astrology
To create a horoscope, an astrologer first has to ascertain the exact time and place of the subject's birth, or the initiation of an event. The local standard time (adjusting for any daylight saving time or war time) is then converted into Greenwich Mean Time or Universal Time at that same instant. Standard time is the result of synchronizing clocks in different geographical locations within a Time zone to the same time rather than using the local meridian as Daylight saving time ( DST Greenwich Mean Time ( GMT) is a term originally referring to mean solar time at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London The astrologer then has to convert this into the local sidereal time at birth in order to be able to calculate the ascendant and midheaven. Sidereal time is a measure of the position of the Earth in its rotation around its axis or time measured by the apparent Diurnal motion of the Vernal equinox The ascendant ( or As) or rising sign, is the zodiacal sign and degree that was ascending on the eastern horizon at the specific time and location of an According to modern astrologers the Midheaven ( or Medium Coeli is the zenith of a path in the sky traced by the point of intersection between the The astrologer will next consult a set of tables called an ephemeris, which lists the location of the sun, moon and planets for a particular year, date and sidereal time, with respect to the northern hemisphere vernal equinox or the fixed stars (depending on which astrological system is being used). Planets in astrology have a meaning different from the modern astronomical understanding of what a planet is. An equinox is the event of the Sun passing over the Earth's equator in its annual cycle The fixed stars (from the Latin stellae fixae) are celestial objects that do not seem to move in relation to the other stars of the night sky The astrologer then adds or subtracts the difference between the longitude of Greenwich and the longitude of the place in question to determine the true local mean time (LMT) at the place of birth to show where planets would be visible above the horizon at the precise time and place in question. Planets hidden from view beneath the earth are also shown in the horoscope.
The horoscope is then divided into 12 sectors around the circle of the ecliptic, starting from the eastern horizon with the ascendant or rising sign. The ecliptic is the apparent path that the Sun traces out in the sky during the year The ascendant ( or As) or rising sign, is the zodiacal sign and degree that was ascending on the eastern horizon at the specific time and location of an These 12 sectors are called the houses and numerous systems for calculating these divisions exist. Most horoscopic traditions of astrology systems divide the Horoscope into a number (usually twelve of houses whose positions depend on time and location rather Tables of houses have been published since the 19th Century to make this otherwise demanding task easier.
Houses
Main article: House (astrology)
The chart thus begins with a framework of 12 houses. Most horoscopic traditions of astrology systems divide the Horoscope into a number (usually twelve of houses whose positions depend on time and location rather Upon this the signs of the zodiac are superimposed. In the equal house system the cusp between any two houses will fall at the same degree for each of the signs. Thus, for a native whose ascendant is at 12° of Leo, the second house will begin at 12° of Virgo, the third at 12° Libra, and so on. In house systems that take into consideration the effects of the angle of intersection between the planes of the horizon and the ecliptic, the calculations are more complicated. For these calculations it is essential to know the latitude of the event. Tables are available for these calculations, but they are now commonly calculated by computer. Most astrology computer programs allow the user to choose from a variety of house systems.
Placements of the planets
Having established the relative positions of the signs in the houses, the astrologer positions the sun, moon, and planets at their rightful celestial longitudes. Astrological symbols are images used in various astrological systems to denote relevant objects A glyph is an element of writing Two or more glyphs representing the same symbol whether interchangeable or context-dependent are called Allographs the abstract unit they Planets in astrology have a meaning different from the modern astronomical understanding of what a planet is. Some astrologers also take note of minor planetary bodies, fixed stars, asteroids (for example, Chiron) and other mathematically calculated points and angles such as the vertex, equatorial ascendant, etc. Asteroids, sometimes called Minor planets or planetoids', are bodies—primarily of the inner Solar System —that are smaller than planets but TemplateInfobox Planet. --> 2060 Chiron (, or as in Χείρων) is a Planetoid in the Many astrologers also use what are commonly referred to as Arabic parts (or Greek Lots), the most common of which is the Part of Fortune (Pars Fortuna). In Astrology, the Arabian/Arabic parts or lots are constructed points based on mathematical calculations of three horoscopic entities such as Greece (Ελλάδα transliterated: Elláda, historically, Ellás,) officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία In Astrology, the Arabian/Arabic parts or lots are constructed points based on mathematical calculations of three horoscopic entities such as
Aspects
To complete the horoscope the astrologer will consider the aspects or relative angles between pairs of planets. In Astrology, an aspect is an Angle the planets make to each other in the horoscope and also to the ascendant midheaven descendant and nadir More exact aspects are considered more important. The difference between the exact aspect and the actual aspect is called the orb. In Astrology, the orb is how much an angle made by two points differs from the exactness of an aspect. Those generally recognized by the astrological community are Conjunction (0°), Opposition (180°), Square (90°), Trine (120°), Sextile (60°), Semi-Square (45°), Sesqisquare (135°), and Quincunx (150°). Understandably these aspects are more significant when they are exact, but they are considered to function within an orb of influence, the size of which varies according to the importance of each aspect. Thus conjunctions are believed to operate with a larger orb than sextiles. Most modern astrologers use an orb of 8° or less for aspects involving the Sun, Moon, and Jupiter and smaller orbs for the other points. Some astrologers, such as practitioners of Cosmobiology, and Uranian astrology, use minor aspects (15°, 22. Historically the term 'Kosmobiologie' was used by the German medical astrologer Dr Friedrich Feerhow and Swiss statistician Karl Krafft in a more general sense "to Uranian astrology is a relatively recent methodological approach to Astrology based on teachings of German surveyor / Astrologer Alfred 5°, 67. 5°, 72°, 75°, 105°, 112. 5°, 157. 5°, 165°) with much narrower orbs.
Ascendant
Longitude is necessary in order to determine the position of the Ascendant because horoscopes use local time. Longitude (ˈlɒndʒɪˌtjuːd or ˈlɒŋgɪˌtjuːd symbolized by the Greek character Lambda (λ is the east-west Geographic coordinate measurement The ascendant ( or As) or rising sign, is the zodiacal sign and degree that was ascending on the eastern horizon at the specific time and location of an Due to time zones, adjustments are made for the difference in one's actual longitude and the longitude of the nominal meridian associated with clock time.
Having constructed the horoscope, the astrologer can begin the task of interpreting the chart. This interpretation depends upon which branch of horoscopic astrology is being used.
Horoscopes in Eastern Cultures
In Chinese astrology, horoscopes are based on the symbolism of the Chinese zodiac, a system of elements and animals associated with each year according to a sexagenary cycle. The Chinese Zodiac is a 12 year cycle Each year of the 12 year cycle is named after one of the original 12 animals The Chinese Zodiac is a 12 year cycle Each year of the 12 year cycle is named after one of the original 12 animals The Chinese Zodiac is a 12 year cycle Each year of the 12 year cycle is named after one of the original 12 animals The Chinese sexagenary cycle ( is a cyclic numeral system of 60 combinations of the two basic cycles the ten Heavenly Stems (天干 tiāngān However, these horoscopes, as well as the characteristics assigned on the basis of the year one was born, are considered amusing rather than accurate predictors[2]. Chinese horoscopes often appear in horoscope sections in newspapers and magazine alongside Western horoscopes. Sun-sign astrology (also known as newspaper astrology) is the form of astrology most commonly found in many Newspaper and magazine columns
See also
- Natal chart, a horoscope calculated for the birth of a person
- Chinese astrology
References
- ^ http://people.howstuffworks.com/horoscope1.htm How Horoscopes Work
- ^ http://www.c-c-c.org/chineseculture/zodiac/zodiac.html Chinese Culture Center: Chinese Zodiac Page
External links
In Natal astrology, a natal chart is a Horoscope /astrological chart drawn for the exact time of an individual's birth at a particular place on Earth The Chinese Zodiac is a 12 year cycle Each year of the 12 year cycle is named after one of the original 12 animalsDapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic