The Hooghly River (Bengali হুগলী, Hugli; Anglicized alternatively spelled Hoogli or Hugli) or the Bhāgirathi-Hooghly, is an approximately 260 km long distributary of the Ganges River in West Bengal, India. A distributary, or a distributary channel, is a Stream that branches off and flows away from a main stream channel The Ganges (ˈgænʤiːz also Ganga, Devanāgarī: hi गंगा in most Indian languages) is the major river in the Indian subcontinent West Bengal ( Bengali: পশ্চিমবঙ্গ Poshchim Bônggo poʃtʃim bɔŋgo is a state in eastern India. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country It splits from the Ganges as a canal in Murshidabad District at the Farakka Barrage. Canals are artificial channels for water There are two types of canals water conveyance canals which are used for the conveyance and delivery of water and Waterways Murshidabad District is a district of West Bengal in eastern India Completed in 1974-75, the Farakkah Barrage is a dam on the Ganges River located in the Indian state of West Bengal, roughly 10 Kilometers (km from the The town of Hugli-Chinsura, formerly Hooghly, is located on the river, in the Hooghly (district). WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Hooghly-Chinsurah (also commonly known as Hughly-Chinsura or Chuchura) (চূঁচূড়া Hooghly is one of the districts of the state of West Bengal in India. The origins of the Hooghly name are uncertain, whether the city or the river was named first.
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The Farakka Barrage is a dam that diverts water from the Ganges into a canal near the town of Tildanga in Murshidabad District. Jubilee Bridge is an important rail bridge over Hooghly River between Naihati and Bandel. WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Naihati (In Bengali: নৈহাটী is a town and an important railway junction station on the WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> For the German-American structural engineer see Hannskarl Bandel Bandel Canals are artificial channels for water There are two types of canals water conveyance canals which are used for the conveyance and delivery of water and Waterways Murshidabad District is a district of West Bengal in eastern India The canal provides the Hooghly with water even in the dry season. The dry season is a term commonly used when describing the weather in the Tropics. It parallels the Ganges, past Dhulian, until just above Jahangirpur where the canal ends and the river takes its own course. WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Dhulian is a city and a Municipality in Murshidabad district in the state of West Bengal Just south of Jahangirpur it leaves the Ganges area and flows south past Jiaganj Azimganj, Murshidabad, and Baharampur. WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Jiaganj Azimganj ( Bengali: জিয়াগঞ্জ-আজিমগঞ্জ is a city and a Municipality WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Murshidabad (মুর্শিদাবাদ is a city in Murshidabad district of West Bengal For the settlement in Bangladesh see Baharampur Bangladesh. WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Baharampur South of Baharampur and north of Palashi it used to form the border between Bardhaman District and Nadia District, but while the border has remained the same the river is now often east or west of its former bed. WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Palashi (পলাশী Pôlashi, formerly rendered in English: Plassey) is a small Bardhaman ( Bengali: বর্ধমান bôrdhoman) is a district in West Bengal. Nadia is a district of the state of West Bengal, in the north east of the Republic of India. The river then flows south past Katwa, Navadwip and Kalna. Katwa is a subdivision in the district of Bardhaman, West Bengal. WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Nabadwip (নবদ্বীপ (also Navadwip Navadvipa or Nabadwipdham is a city and a Municipality WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Kalna (কালনা is a city and a Municipality and subdivision in Bardhaman District At Kalna it originally formed the border between Nadia District and Hooghly District, and then further south between Hooghly District and North 24 Parganas District. Hooghly is one of the districts of the state of West Bengal in India. North 24 Parganas is a district in southern West Bengal, India. It flows past Halisahar, Chunchura, Rishra, and Kamarhati. WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Halisahar (In Bengali: হালিশহর is a city and a Municipality under WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Hooghly-Chinsurah (also commonly known as Hughly-Chinsura or Chuchura) (চূঁচূড়া WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Rishra is a city and a Municipality in Hooghly district in the Indian state WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Kamarhati is a city and a Municipality under Belghoria police station of Barrackpore subdivision Then just before entering the twin cities of Kolkata (Calcutta) and Howrah, it turns to the southwest. At Nurpur it enters an old channel of the Ganges and turns south to empty into the Bay of Bengal. The Bay of Bengal is a bay that forms the northeastern part of the Indian Ocean. Two of its well known tributaries are Damodar and Rupnarayan. Damodar River (দামোদর নদ originates near Chandwa village Palamau district on the Chota Nagpur Plateau in the Jharkhand state in The Rupnarayan River is a River in India. It begins as the Dhaleswari (Dhalkisor in the Chhota Nagpur plateau foothills northeast of the town of
The nexus formed by the Hooghly River (Ganga) and the Bay of Bengal, called Ganga Sagar. This is a sacred place for Hindus. A dip in the ocean, where the river drains into the sea is considered to be of great religious significance particularly on the Makara Sankranti day when the sun makes a transition to Capricorn from Sagittarius and this place becomes home to vast fairs, drawing visitors and recluses from all over the state.
Hugli tidal bore
The tide runs rapidly on the Hugli, and produces a remarkable example of the fluvial phenomenon known as a "tidal bore. A tidal bore (or just bore, or eagre) is a tidal phenomenon in which the leading edge of the incoming tide forms a wave (or waves of water that travel " This consists of the head-wave of the advancing tide, hemmed in where the estuary narrows suddenly into the river, and often exceeds 7 ft (2. 1 m) in height. It is felt as high up as Calcutta, and frequently destroys small boats. The difference from the lowest point of low-water in the dry season to the highest point of high-water in the rains is reported to be 20 ft 10 in. The greatest mean rise of tide, about 16 ft (4. 9 m), takes place in March, April or May - with a declining range during the rainy season to a mean of 10 ft (3. 0 m), and a minimum during freshets of 3 ft 6 in.
History
In its upper reaches the river is generally known as the Bhāgirathi, until it reaches Hooghly. The word Bhāgirathi literally means "caused by Bhagiratha", a mythical Sagar Dynasty prince who was instrumental in bringing the river Ganga from the heavens on to the earth, in order to release his 60,000 grand-uncles from a curse of the saint Kapila. Bhagiratha ( Sanskrit: भगीरथ bhagīratha) was a great king in Hindu mythology who brought the River Ganga to Earth The word mythology (from the Greek grc μυθολογία mythología, meaning "a story-telling a legendary lore"
The river was an important transportation channel in the early history of Bengal, and later with the colonial trading ports. See also History of Bangladesh The history of Bengal (including Bangladesh and West Bengal) dates back four millennia The river's presence is one of the reasons chosen by the British to settle there at Calcutta. For usage see British rule in India British Raj ( rāj, lit "reign" in Hindustani) primarily refers to the British The Dutch/French colony at Chandannagar on the Hooghly was once the rival of British Calcutta, but was eclipsed by Calcutta in the colonial wars of the 18th century. Chandannagar, formerly known as Chandernagore or Chandernagar (Chandernagor (চন্দননগর Chôndonnôgor) is a small city and former French The river banks hosted several battles and skirmishes towards the start of the colonial era, including the Battle of Plassey Palashi, as well as earlier wars against Maratha raiders. The Battle of Plassey (পলাশীর যুদ্ধ Pôlashir Juddho) was a decisive British East India Company victory over the Nawab of Bengal WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Palashi (পলাশী Pôlashi, formerly rendered in English: Plassey) is a small The Marāthās ( Marathi: mr मराठा also Mahrattas) form an Indo Aryan group of Hindu Warriors hailing mostly from the present-day On eastern bank lie many historic and wealthy towns like Murshidabad, Jangipur and Ziaganj. WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Murshidabad (মুর্শিদাবাদ is a city in Murshidabad district of West Bengal WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Jiaganj Azimganj ( Bengali: জিয়াগঞ্জ-আজিমগঞ্জ is a city and a Municipality
In 1974 the Farakka Barrage began diverting water into the Hooghly during the dry season so as to reduce the silting difficulties at Kolkata's port. Completed in 1974-75, the Farakkah Barrage is a dam on the Ganges River located in the Indian state of West Bengal, roughly 10 Kilometers (km from the
Like the rest of the Ganges, the Bhāgirathi-Hooghly is considered sacred to Hindus, and its water is considered holy. A Hindu ( Devanagari: हिन्दू is an adherent of the philosophies and scriptures of Hinduism, a set of religious, Philosophical
Economics
The Bhāgirathi-Hooghly river system is an essential lifeline for the people of West Bengal. It is through this river that the East India company sailed in to Bengal and established their trade settlement - Calcutta, which later grew up to be one of the greatest cities of the world and capital of the erstwhile British India. People from other countries like French, Dutch, Portuguese, etc all had their trade settlement by the banks of this river.
The river provides perennial supply of water to the plain of West Bengal for irrigation and human & industry consumption. The river is navigable and the major transport system in the region with a huge traffic flow. For a long time, the Calcutta Port was the biggest port of India. Though in the past its significance had gone down, but recently it had again came up to the 3rd position in the list of Indian Ports. The fish from the river are important to the local economy.
The modern container port of Haldia, on the intersection of lower Hooghly and Haldi River, now carries much of the region's maritime trade. For the village in Bangladesh see Haldia Bangladesh. WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Haldia is a city and One new port will be built in the deep sea to reduce load on Calcutta port.
Hooghly river valley was the most important industrial area of erstwhile state of Bengal. Due to declining jute industry, the prime industry of this region, it lost its glory and partitioning of Bengal. Jute is a long soft shiny Vegetable fiber that can be spun into coarse strong threads But still it is one of the biggest industrial areas of India. Except Kolkata and Howrah it has number of small cities which forms the Greater Kolkata Agglomeration, the second biggest Indian city and former capital.
Several bridges run over the Hooghly at Kolkata – Howrah Bridge, Vidyasagar Setu, Vivekananda Setu, Nivedita Setu (second Vivekananda Bridge), Jubilee Bridge and Iswar Gupta Setu. The Howrah Bridge is a Bridge that spans the Hooghly River in West Bengal, India. Vidyasagar Setu (commonly known as the Second Hooghly Bridge) is a Bridge over the Hooghly River in West Bengal, India. Vivekananda Setu (Old name Willingdon Bridge)(also known as Bally Bridge) is a Bridge over the Hooghly River in West Bengal, Jubilee Bridge is an important rail bridge over Hooghly River between Naihati and Bandel.
External links
- This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain. The Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1910–1911 is a 29-volume reference work that marked the beginning of the Encyclopædia Britannica The public domain is a range of abstract materials &ndash commonly referred to as Intellectual property &ndash which are not owned or controlled by anyone
- Hugli River at NASA Earth Observatory
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