Homoplasmy is the presence of a mutation affecting all of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copies in a cell. In biology mutations are changes to the Nucleotide sequence of the Genetic material of an organism Mitochondrial DNA ( mtDNA) is the DNA located in Organelles called mitochondria. Since there are hundreds or even thousands of mtDNA copies in every eukaryotic cell, mutations may either be present in all copies (homoplasmy) or affect only a fraction of them (heteroplasmy). Animals Plants fungi, and Protists are eukaryotes (juːˈkærɪɒt or -oʊt Organisms whose cells are organized into complex Heteroplasmy is the presence of a mixture of more than one type of an organellar Genome ( Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA or Plastid DNA within a cell
See also microheteroplasmy. Microheteroplasmy is a form of Heteroplasmy, a type of Mutational damage to Mitochondrial DNA.
Homeoplasmy = a state in which all the mitochondria of a cell or a tissue have the same genome, which may be either the wild type genome or a mutated one.
Homoplasmy may also refer to the presence of mutation, or insertion of a foreign gene, into all of the plant plastid organelles DNA e. g. all of the chloroplasts
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