Holiness movement - Citizendia

The Holiness movement in Christianity is composed of people who believe and propagate the belief that the carnal nature of humanity can be cleansed through faith and by the power of the Holy Spirit if one has had his or her sins forgiven through faith in Jesus. Christianity ( Greek Χριστιανισμός from the word Xριστός ( Christ)is a monotheistic Religion centered on the life and teachings Faith is a Belief in the trustworthiness of an Idea. Formal usage of the word "faith" is usually reserved for concepts of Religion, as in In mainstream Christianity, the Holy Spirit or Holy Ghost is one of the three entities of the Holy Trinity which make up the single substance Sin is a term used mainly in a religious context to describe an act that violates a moral Rule, or the state of having committed such a violation Jesus of Nazareth (7–2 BC / BCE —26–36 AD / CE) The benefits professed include spiritual power and an ability to maintain purity of heart (that is, thoughts and motives that are uncorrupted by sin). The doctrine is typically referred to in Holiness churches as "entire sanctification", though it was once known as "Christian perfection. Christian Perfection is a Christian doctrine which maintains that after conversion but before death a Christian's soul may be cleansed from the stain of Original sin "

1 Roots
2 Key Concepts
3 History
4 See also
5 Outgrowths
6 Sources
7 External links

Roots

The roots of the Holiness Movement are as follows:

The Reformation itself, with its emphasis on salvation by grace alone through faith alone. The Protestant Reformation was a reform movement in Europe that began in 1517 though its roots lie further back in time In Theology, salvation can mean three related things being saved from or Liberation from something such as Suffering or the punishment of In Christianity, divine Grace refers to the sovereign favour of God for humankind — especially in regard to Salvation — irrespective of actions
Puritanism in 17th Century England and its transplantation to America with its emphasis on adherence to the Bible and the right to dissent from the established church. A Puritan of 16th and 17th century England was an associate of any number of religious groups advocating for more "purity" of Worship and Doctrine, England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland Etymology According to the Online Etymology Dictionary, the word bible is from Latin biblia, traced from the same word through Medieval Latin and Late Latin
Pietism in 17th Century Germany, led by Philipp Jakob Spener and the Moravians, which emphasized the spiritual life of the individual, coupled with a responsibility to live an upright life. Pietism was a movement within Lutheranism, lasting from the late 17th century to the mid-18th century and later Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Philipp Jakob Spener ( January 13, 1635 &ndash February 5, 1705) was a German Christian theologian known as the "Father This page is about the Moravian Church globally For information about the church in a particular geographic area use the links at Organisation below
Quietism, as taught by the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers), with its emphasis on the individual’s ability to experience God and understand God’s will for oneself. Quietism is a Christian Philosophy that swept through France, Italy and Spain during the 17th century but it had much earlier
The 1730s Evangelical Revival in England, led by Methodists John Wesley and his brother Charles Wesley, which brought Wesley's distinct take on the teachings of German Pietism to England and eventually to the United States. Methodism is a movement within Protestant Christianity represented by a number of denominations and organizations John Wesley (ˈwɛslɪ ( – March 2, 1791) was an Anglican cleric and Christian theologian who was the founder of the (Evangelical Biography Charles Wesley was the son of Susanna Wesley and Samuel Wesley. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the
The First Great Awakening in the 18th and early 19th Centuries in the United States, propagated by George Whitefield, Jonathan Edwards, and others, with its emphasis on the initial conversion experience of Christians. The First Great Awakening (referred to by some historians as the Great Awakening) was a period of heightened religious activity primarily in Great Britain and its Early life He was born at the Bell Inn Southgate Street Gloucester, England. This article is about the theologian (b 1703 for other uses of Jonathan Edwards see Jonathan Edwards. Religious conversion is the adoption of a new religious identity or a change from one religious identity to another
The Second Great Awakening in the 19th Century in the United States, propagated by Charles Finney, Lyman Beecher, Francis Asbury, and others, which also emphasized the need for personal conversion and is characterized by the rise of evangelistic revival meetings. The Second Great Awakening (1790–1840s was the second great religious revival in United States history and consisted of renewed personal salvation experienced in revival Charles Grandison Finney ( August 29, 1792 – August 16, 1875) was a minister of the gospel originally in upstate New York and grew to become Lyman Beecher ( October 12, 1775 &ndash January 10, 1863) was a Presbyterian clergyman temperance movement leader and the father Francis Asbury ( August 20 1745 &ndash March 31 1816) was one of the first two bishops of the Methodist Episcopal Church in the A revival meeting is a series of Christian religious services held in order to inspire active members of a religious body and to gain new converts

Key Concepts

In general the Holiness Movement sought to promote a Christianity that was personal, practical, life-changing, and thoroughly revivalistic. Four key concepts of the Holiness Movement are (1) regeneration by grace through faith; (2) entire sanctification as a second definite work of grace, received by faith, through grace, and accomplished by the power and ministry of the Holy Spirit; (3) the assurance of salvation by the witness of the Spirit; (4) living a holy life.

In the context of the Holiness Movement, the first concept is necessary to salvation and without it no amount of human effort can achieve holiness. We are saved by grace through faith in Jesus Christ who died for our sins, even ours.

The second concept refers to a personal experience after regeneration, in which one dedicates oneself fully to God, and is empowered by the Holy Spirit to lead a more holy life. Some Holiness groups teach that one can lead a sinless life, properly defined, but others teach that one becomes gradually more holy after this second spiritual experience.

The third concept refers to an innate knowledge within the individual who has been regenerated or sanctified, with the evidence of gifts of the Holy Spirit that the spiritual grace has indeed taken place. Spiritual gifts (or Charismata, according to some Christian denominations such as Pentecostal, are gifts that are bestowed on Christians each having his or her This is sometimes described as receiving the Holy Ghost or “assurance of salvation. ” The extent to which this must necessarily be evidenced by outwardly visible signs, such as speaking in tongues, is an issue of some controversy within the movement. Glossolalia is commonly called "speaking in tongues" For other uses of "speaking in tongues" see Speaking in Tongues (disambiguation.

The fourth concept is that of living a holy life. Most Holiness people interpret this as living a life free of willful sin or the practice of sin. The motive is to live a Christ like life and to be conformed to the image of Christ. Since Holiness, properly defined, is the supernatural work of a transformed heart by the Holy Spirit, many Holiness churches are careful to follow moral principals and what they perceive as the conviction of the Holy Spirit. Holiness groups tend to oppose antinomianism, which is a theological framework which states God's Law is done away with. For the term in politics describing socialist movements see Autonomism Antinomianism (from the Greek ἀντί, "against" Most Holiness groups agree the moral aspects of the Law are pertinent for today, inasmuch as the Law was completed in Christ.

History

The Methodists of the nineteenth century continued the interest in Christian Holiness that had been started by their founder, John Wesley. John Wesley (ˈwɛslɪ ( – March 2, 1791) was an Anglican cleric and Christian theologian who was the founder of the (Evangelical They continued to publish Wesley's works and tracts, including his famous A Plain Account of Christian Perfection. Furthermore, numerous persons in early American Methodism professed the experience of entire sanctification, including Bishop Francis Asbury.

In 1836 a Methodist woman, Sarah Worrall Lankford, started the Tuesday Meeting for the Promotion of Holiness in New York City. The City of New York A year later, Methodist minister Timothy Merritt founded a journal called the "Guide to Christian Perfection" to promote the Wesleyan message of Christian holiness.

In 1837 Sarah Lankford’s sister, Phoebe Palmer, experienced what she called “entire sanctification. Phoebe Palmer ( December 17, 1807 &ndash November 2, 1874) was an evangelist and writer who promoted the doctrine of Christian perfection ” She began leading the Tuesday Meeting for the Promotion of Holiness. At first only women attended these meetings, but eventually Methodist bishops and other clergy members began to attend them also. The Palmers eventually purchased the Guide, and Mrs. Palmer became the editor of the periodical, then called the "Guide to Holiness. " In 1859 she published The Promise of the Father, in which she argued in favor of women in ministry. This book later influenced Catherine Booth, co-founder of the Salvation Army. Catherine Booth ( 17 January 1829 &ndash 4 October 1890) was the Mother of The Salvation Army. The Salvation Army is a Christian charity and church that is internally organised like a military service. The practice of ministry by women is common but not universal within the denominations of the Holiness Movement.

At the Tuesday Meetings, Methodists soon enjoyed fellowship with Christians of different denominations, including the Congregationalist Thomas Upham. Congregational churches are Protestant Christian churches practicing Congregationalist church governance, in which each congregation independently Thomas Upham ( 30 January 1799 &ndash 2 April 1872) was an American philosopher psychologist pacifist poet author and educator Upham was the first man to attend the meetings, and his participation in them led him to study mystical experiences, looking to find precursors of holiness teaching in the writings of persons like German Pietist Johann Arndt, and the Roman Catholic mystic Madame Guyon. Mysticism (from the Greek grc μυστικός mystikos, an initiate of a Mystery religion) is the pursuit of communion with identity Johann Arndt (or Arnd) ( December 27 1555 &ndash May 11 1621) was a German Lutheran theologian who Early life and marriage Guyon was the daughter of Claude Bouvier, a procurator of the tribunal of Montargis.

Other non-Methodists also contributed to the Holiness Movement. During the same era Asa Mahan, the president of Oberlin College, and Charles Grandison Finney, an evangelist associated with the college, promoted the idea of Christian holiness. Oberlin College is a private Liberal arts college in Oberlin Ohio. Charles Grandison Finney ( August 29, 1792 – August 16, 1875) was a minister of the gospel originally in upstate New York and grew to become In 1836 Mahan experienced what he called a baptism with the Holy Ghost. Mahan believed that this experience had cleansed him from the desire and inclination to sin. Finney believed that this experience might provide a solution to a problem he observed during his evangelistic revivals. Some people claimed to experience conversion, but then slipped back into their old ways of living. Finney believed that the filling with the Holy Spirit could help these converts to continue steadfast in their Christian life.

Presbyterian William Boardman promoted the idea of holiness through his evangelistic campaigns and through his book The Higher Christian Life, which was published in 1858. Presbyterianism is a family of Christian denominations within the Reformed branch of Protestant Western Christianity William Edwin Boardman (1810-1886 was an American pastor and teacher and the author in 1858 of The Higher Christian Life, a book which as a major international success and Also, Hannah Whitall Smith, of the Religious Society of Friends (also known as Quakers), experienced a profound personal conversion. Hannah Tatum Whitall Smith ( February 7, 1832 &ndash May 1, 1911) was a lay speaker and author in the Holiness movement in the Sometime in the 1860's she found what she called the “secret” of the Christian life, devoting one’s life wholly to God and God’s simultaneous transformation of one’s soul. Her husband, Robert Pearsall Smith, had a similar experience at the first holiness camp meeting in Vineland, New Jersey in 1867. Robert Pearsall Smith (1827 - 1899 was a lay leader in the Holiness movement in the United States and the Higher Life movement in Great Britain

The first distinct "Holiness camp meeting" convened at Vineland, New Jersey in 1867 under the leadership of John S. The camp meeting as a Christian gathering originated in the United States of America. Vineland is a city in Cumberland County, New Jersey, United States. Inskip, John A. Wood, Alfred Cookman and other Methodist ministers. The gathering attracted as many as 10,000 people on the Sabbath. At the close of the encampment, while the ministers were on their knees in prayer, they formed the National Camp Meeting Association for the Promotion of Holiness, and agreed to conduct a similar gathering the next year. Today this organization is commonly known as the National Holiness Association, although the official name is the Christian Holiness Partnership.

The second National Camp Meeting was held at Manheim, Pennsylvania, and drew upwards of 25,000 persons from all over the nation. Manheim is a borough in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, United States. People called it a "Pentecost," and it did not disappoint them. The service on Monday evening has almost become legendary for its spiritual power and influence upon the people. The third National Camp Meeting met at Round Lake, New York. Round Lake is a lake and a Village in Saratoga County, New York, United States. This time the national press attended, and write-ups appeared in numerous papers, including a large two-page pictorial in Harper's Weekly. Harper's Weekly ( A Journal of Civilization) was an American political Magazine based in New York City.

These meetings made instant religious celebrities out of many of the workers. Robert and Hannah Smith were among those who took the holiness message to England, and their ministries helped lay the foundation for the now-famous Keswick Convention. The Keswick Convention is an annual gathering of evangelical Christians in Keswick, in the English county of Cumbria.

In 1871 the American evangelist Dwight L. Moody had what he called an “endowment with power,” as a result of some soul-searching and the prayers of two Methodist women who attended one of his meetings. Early life Dwight Moody was born in Northfield Massachusetts to a large family He did not join the Holiness Movement, but certainly advanced some of its ideas, and even voiced his approval of it on at least one occasion.

In the 1870’s the Holiness Movement spread to the British Isles, where it was sometimes called the Higher Life movement, after the title of William Boardman’s book The Higher Life. The British Isles (Irish variously Na hOileáin Bhriotanacha, Oileáin Iarthair Eorpa, Éire agus an Bhreatain Mhór; Ellanyn Goaldagh Eileanan The Higher Life movement was a movement devoted to Christian holiness in England. Higher Life conferences were held at Broadlands and Oxford in 1874 and in Brighton and Keswick in 1875. Broadlands is a Country house near the town of Romsey in Hampshire, England. Oxford is currently bidding for the 2010 Wikimania Conference Oxford () is a city, and the County town of Oxfordshire, Brighton ( is a town on the south coast of England and with its neighbour Hove, forms the city of Brighton and Hove. Keswick (pronounced "kez-ick" /ˈkɛzɪk/ is a Market town within the district of Allerdale, Cumbria, England. The Keswick Convention soon became the British headquarters for the movement. The Faith Mission in Scotland was one consequence of the British Holiness Movement. The Faith Mission is a Protestant evangelical Christian organization founded in Scotland in 1886 by John George Govan. Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was the formal name of the United Kingdom from 1 January 1801 until 12 April 1927 Another was a flow of influence from Britain back to the United States. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was the formal name of the United Kingdom from 1 January 1801 until 12 April 1927 The United States of America —commonly referred to as the

In 1874 Albert Benjamin Simpson read Boardman’s Higher Christian Life and felt the need for such a life himself. Albert Benjamin Simpson ( December 15, 1843 – October 29, 1919) ( A He went on to found the Christian and Missionary Alliance. The Christian and Missionary Alliance (C&MA is an Evangelical Protestant denomination within Christianity.

In the 1950's and 1960's, several small groups of people left the mainstream holiness movement to form what is known as the Conservative Holiness Movement. The Conservative Holiness Movement is a term that loosely defines a group of conservative Christian denominations that withdrew from the mainstream Holiness movement

Growth of the holiness movement began to gain some momentum by the Come to the Fire conferences first held in Olathe, KS in 2006.

Outgrowths

The Holiness Movement led to the formation of several Christian groups, including:

In addition, the Pentecostal movement's origins can be traced to the Holiness Movement, and there are many other Holiness-based organizations as well. Daniel Sidney Warner ( June 25, 1842 &ndash December 12, 1895) is known primarily as the founder of the Church of God (Anderson Christian Perfection is a Christian doctrine which maintains that after conversion but before death a Christian's soul may be cleansed from the stain of Original sin Clement Anselm Evans (February 25 1833 &ndash July 2 1911 was a Confederate Infantry general in the American Civil War. J Kenneth Grider (born in 1921 died Dec 6 2006 is a Methodist Christian theologian and former seminary professor primarily associated with the followers of Imparted righteousness, in Methodist Theology, is that gracious gift of God given at the moment of the new birth which enables a Christian The word sanctification (see -ification) refers to the act or Process Henry Orton Wiley (1877–1961 was a Christian theologian primarily associated with the followers of John Wesley who are part of the Holiness movement The Higher Life movement was a movement devoted to Christian holiness in England. The Christian Holiness Partnership is an international organization of individuals organizational and denominational affiliates within the Holiness Movement, headquartered J M (Jerry Miles Humphrey was an author and speaker in the Holiness Movement of the early 20th century Methodism is a movement within Protestant Christianity represented by a number of denominations and organizations Wesleyanism or Wesleyan Theology is the system of Christian theology of Methodism taught by John Wesley. Pentecostalism is a renewalist religious movement within Christianity that places special emphasis on the direct personal experience of God through the Baptism List of Christian denominations (or Denominations self-identified as Christian) ordered by historical and doctrinal relationships The Wesleyan Church is an Evangelical Christian Religious denomination in the United States Canada and Australia associated with the Holiness The Free Methodist Church, is a denomination of broader Methodism. The Church of the Nazarene, often referred to as the Nazarene Church is an International evangelical Christian denomination that began in The Salvation Army is a Christian charity and church that is internally organised like a military service. The Christian and Missionary Alliance (C&MA is an Evangelical Protestant denomination within Christianity. The Church of God (Anderson is a non-denominational Holiness movement believing group of Christians with roots in Wesleyan Pietism and also The Church of God (Holiness is an association of autonomous holiness Christian congregations The Evangelical Methodist Church ( EMC) is a Christian denomination headquartered in Indianapolis Indiana. The Conservative Holiness Movement is a term that loosely defines a group of conservative Christian denominations that withdrew from the mainstream Holiness movement The World Gospel Mission (WGM is an Interdenominational Christian holiness Missionary agency headquartered in Marion Indiana The Church of God (Cleveland is a Pentecostal Christian denomination, with headquarters in Cleveland Tennessee. The Church of God is a body of Christians with roots in the Holiness movement among Baptists in the late 19th century The Fellowship is the name of a group within the Presbyterian Church of Australia. The Church of Daniel's Band is a Nondenominational holiness church originally organized in imitation of the early Methodist class meeting at Marine Pentecostalism is a renewalist religious movement within Christianity that places special emphasis on the direct personal experience of God through the Baptism

Sources

Boardman, William E. The Higher Christian Life, (Boston: Henry Hoyt, 1858).
Brown, Kenneth O. Holy Ground, Too, The Camp Meeting Famil Tree. Hazleton: Holiness Archives, 1997.
Brown, Kenneth O. Inskip, McDonald, Fowler: "Wholly And Forever Thine. " (Hazleton: Holiness Archives, 2000. )
Dieter, Melvin E. The Holiness Revival of the Nineteenth Century (Rowman & Littlefield, 1996).
Grider, J. Kenneth. J Kenneth Grider (born in 1921 died Dec 6 2006 is a Methodist Christian theologian and former seminary professor primarily associated with the followers of A Wesleyan-Holiness Theology, 1994 (ISBN 0-8341-1512-3).
Kostlevy, William C. , ed. Historical Dictionary of the Holiness Movement (Rowman & Littlefield, 2001).
McDonald, William and John E. Searles. The Life of Rev. John S. Inskip, President of the National Association for the Promotion of Holiness (Chicago: The Christian Witness Co. , 1885).
Smith, Hannah Whitall. The Unselfishness of God, and How I Discovered It: A Spiritual Autobiography (New York: Fleming H. Resell Co. , 1903).
Smith, Logan Pearsall, ed. Philadelphia Quaker: The Letters of Hannah Whitall Smith (New York: Harcourt, Brace and Co. , 1950).
Smith, Timothy L. Called Unto Holiness: The Story of the Nazarenes—The Formative Years, (Nazarene Publishing House, 1962).
White, Charles Edward. The Beauty of Holiness: Phoebe Palmer as Theologian, Revivalist, Feminist, and Humanitarian (Zondervan/Francis Asbury Press, 1986).

External links

American Holiness Movement
Holiness history from the Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia
Church of the Nazarene
Origins of Pentecostalism
"The Cleansing Wave", article from Christianity Today
"Holiness Movement: Dead or Alive," article by Keith Drury (CRI Voice)
A Look At Holiness And Perfectionism Theology by Armin J. Panning
Christian Cyclopedia article on Holiness Churches
Holiness - the False and the True by Dr. Harry Ironside

Christianity Today is an Evangelical Christian Periodical based in Carol Stream Illinois.

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