Hōkūleʻa is a performance-accurate full-scale replica of a wooden sailing vessel (Polynesian voyaging canoe) used in ancient Hawaiʻi. A ship replica is a reconstruction of a no longer existing ship Ancient Hawaii refers to the period of Hawaiian history preceding the unification of the Kingdom of Hawai'i by Kamehameha the Great in 1810. Its name means "star of gladness" in Hawaiian, and the name refers to the star Arcturus, a guiding zenith star for Hawaiian navigators, which falls directly overhead at Hawaiʻi's latitude. The Hawaiian language (Hawaiian ‘Ōlelo Hawai‘i) is an Austronesian language that takes its name from Hawai'i, the largest island in the tropical |- bgcolor="#FFFAFA"| note (category variability || H and K emission vary In broad terms the zenith is the direction pointing directly above a particular location ( Perpendicular, Orthogonal)
It was built in 1975 by the Polynesian Voyaging Society, and is best known for its 1976 voyage from Hawaiʻi to Tahiti, performed without modern navigational instruments. Year 1975 ( MCMLXXV) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Polynesian Voyaging Society (PVS is a non-profit research and educational corporation based in Honolulu, Hawai{{okina}}i. Year 1976 ( MCMLXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The State of Hawaii ( or həˈwaɪʔiː Hawaiian: Mokuāina o Hawaii) is a state in the United States located on an Archipelago in the Tahiti is the largest Island in the Windward group of French Polynesia, located in the Archipelago of Society Islands in the The primary goal of the voyage was to further support the theory of the origins of native Oceanic people (particularly Polynesians and Hawaiians) being traced west to Asia as a purposeful trip through the Pacific and not simply drifting on currents from the Americas.
Since then Hōkūleʻa has completed seven voyages to various destinations in Polynesia and the United States, all using ancient wayfinding techniques of celestial navigation. Celestial navigation, also known as astronavigation, is a Position fixing technique that was devised to help sailors cross the featureless oceans without having to
On January 19, 2007, Hokule'a left Hawaii with the voyaging canoe Alingano Maisu on a voyage to Micronesia and Japan. Alingano Maisu, also known simply as Maisu, is a double-hulled voyaging Canoe built in Kawaihae by members of Na Kalai Wa'a Moku o Hawai'i and Micronesia, from the Greek mikros (μικρός (meaning small) and nesos (νῆσος (meaning island) is a Subregion For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. [a] The voyage was expected to take five months. On June 9, 2007 Hokule'a arrived in Japan.
When it is not on a voyage, Hōkūleʻa is moored at the Hawaiʻi Maritime Center in Honolulu Harbor. The Hawai`i Maritime Center is the principal maritime museum in the State of Hawai`i. Honolulu Harbor, also called Kulolia and Ke Awa O Kou, is the principal Seaport of Honolulu and the State of
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List of voyages
- 1976: Hōkūleʻa, led by captain Kawika Kapahulehua and Satawalese navigator Mau Piailug, traveled from Hawaiʻi to Tahiti and back. Year 1976 ( MCMLXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Elia Kawika David Ku'ualoha Kapahulehua ( July 13 1930 &ndash May 17 2007) was a Hawaiian sailor who was the first to captain an ocean-voyaging Satawal is a solitary Coral Island located at in the Caroline Islands in the Federated States of Micronesia, the easternmost island in the Pius Mau Piailug (born 1932) is a Micronesian Navigator, one of the best-known living practitioners of the ancient art of navigation without the aid of instruments
- 1977:Kealaikahiki Project
- 1978: A second attempted voyage to Tahiti was aborted when the canoe swamped south of the island of Molokaʻi. Also 1977 (album by Ash. Year 1977 ( MCMLXXVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays Year 1978 ( MCMLXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1978 Gregorian calendar) Eddie Aikau is lost at sea on this voyage. Edward Ryan Makua Hanai Aikau ( Kahului Hawaii, May 4, 1946 &ndash March 17, 1978) was a well-known Hawaiian Lifeguard
- 1980: Native Hawaiian Navigator Nainoa Thompson recreated the 1976 voyage, becoming the first Native Hawaiian in modern times to guide a canoe without instruments[1]. Year 1980 ( MCMLXXX) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1980 Gregorian calendar) "Kanaka" redirects here For the Tamil actress see Kanaka (actress. Charles Nainoa Thompson (born 1953) is a Native Hawaiian Navigator and the executive director of the Polynesian Voyaging Society.
- 1985: Known as the Voyage of Rediscovery, Hōkūleʻa traveled a total distance of 16,000 miles to various destinations in Polynesia[2]. Year 1985 ( MCMLXXXV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link displays 1985 Gregorian calendar)
- 1992: Hōkūleʻa sailed to Rarotonga and back via Tahiti. Year 1992 ( MCMXCII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar) Rarotonga is the most populous island in a group of islands known as the Cook Islands, with a population of 14153 ( Census 2006 Tahiti is the largest Island in the Windward group of French Polynesia, located in the Archipelago of Society Islands in the The voyage included an educational component where Hawaii students could track the progress of the canoe through daily radio reports.
- 1995 spring: Hōkūleʻa, along with sister ships Hawaiʻiloa and Makaliʻi, sailed from Hawaiʻi to the Marquesas Islands and back via Tahiti[3]. Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995 Hawaiiloa is the hero of an ancient Hawaiian legend about the settling of the Hawaiian Islands. Tahiti is the largest Island in the Windward group of French Polynesia, located in the Archipelago of Society Islands in the
- 1995 summer: Hōkūleʻa and Hawaiʻiloa sailed the West Coast of the United States from Seattle to San Diego. Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995 The United States of America —commonly referred to as the
- 1999: Hōkūleʻa sailed from Hawaiʻi to Rapa Nui and back. Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar) Known as "Closing the Triangle" voyage.
- 2004: Hōkūleʻa's most recent voyage took place in June 2004, when navigator Thompson led a training voyage through the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " The Northwestern Hawaiian Islands or the Leeward Islands are the small Islands and Atolls in the Hawaiian island chain located northwest Known as "Navigating Change" voyage.
- 2007: Accompanied by the canoe Alingano Maisu and specialized escoat boat Kama Hele[4], Hokule'a sailed from Hawaii to the Federated States of Micronesia. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Alingano Maisu, also known simply as Maisu, is a double-hulled voyaging Canoe built in Kawaihae by members of Na Kalai Wa'a Moku o Hawai'i and The State of Hawaii ( or həˈwaɪʔiː Hawaiian: Mokuāina o Hawaii) is a state in the United States located on an Archipelago in the The Federated States of Micronesia is an Island nation located in the Pacific Ocean, north of Papua New Guinea. Known as "Ku Holo Mau" voyage. While on the island of Satawal, the crew of the Hokule'a presented the Alingano Maisu to Mau Piailug as a gift for his role in helping to revive traditional wayfinding navigation in Hawaii. Satawal is a solitary Coral Island located at in the Caroline Islands in the Federated States of Micronesia, the easternmost island in the Wayfinding encompasses all of the ways in which people and animals orient themselves in physical space and navigate from place to place From there, the Hokule'a sailed to various ports (Itoman, Amami-Oshima, Uto, Nomozaki, Nagasaki, Fukuoka, Shin-Moji, Iwaishima, Suo-Oshima, Miyajima, Hiroshima, Uwajima, Muroto, Miura, Kamakura and Yokohama) in Japan. Itoman (糸満市 -shi Okinawan: 'Ichuman) is a city located in Okinawa, Japan. is one of the Ryūkyū Islands (also known as Nansei Islands Its area is 712 ( is the Capital and the largest city of Nagasaki Prefecture in Japan. is the capital city of Fukuoka Prefecture and is situated on the northern shore of the island of Kyūshū in Japan, across may refer to Miyajima another name for the Japanese island Itsukushima Miyajima Hiroshima, a former town on this island merged into Hatsukaichi The Japanese city of ( is the capital of Hiroshima Prefecture, and the largest city in the Chūgoku region of western Honshū, the largest of Japan 's is a city located in Ehime, Japan. In 1595 what is now Uwajima was known as Itajima village is a city located in Kōchi, Japan. As of 2008 the city has an estimated Population of 17388 and the density of 70 persons per km² is a city located in Kanagawa, Japan, about 50 km south-south-west of Tokyo. is the capital of Kanagawa Prefecture, located in the Kantō region of the main island of Honshū and is a major commercial hub of the Greater Tokyo Area For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. Known as "Ku Holo La Komohana" voyage. Kama Hele had sailed back to Oahu by German Captain and six Japanese crewmembers[5].
Images
 Galley and Diamond Bakery's cookie bucket. [6] |
 Motto[7] on a crossbeam |
 Steering sweep grip of portside |
 Inside a compartment |
 Radio system |
 Hokule'a arrives in Yokohama Bay, 2007 |
 Kama Hele at Yokohama port, on the day Hokule'a finished the 2007 Micronesia-Japan voyage |
Notes and references
Notes
a. ^ Derek Farrar (October/November 2007). In the Land of the Western Sun. Hana Hou! Vol. Hana Hou! is an American Bi-monthly English language inflight Magazine. 10 No. 5 (Article includes a travel diary from May 14 in Fukuoka through May 25 in Hiroshima). is the capital city of Fukuoka Prefecture and is situated on the northern shore of the island of Kyūshū in Japan, across The Japanese city of ( is the capital of Hiroshima Prefecture, and the largest city in the Chūgoku region of western Honshū, the largest of Japan 's “After the new canoe was presented to Mau in March, Hokule‘a continued on a second mission, dubbed Ku Holo La Komohana (Sail on to the Western Sun), crossing 1,200 miles from the Micronesian island of Yap to Okinawa and then hopscotching through the islands of southern Japan to Yokohama. Pius Mau Piailug (born 1932) is a Micronesian Navigator, one of the best-known living practitioners of the ancient art of navigation without the aid of instruments Yap, also known as Wa'ab for locals is an Island in the Caroline Islands of the western Pacific Ocean. is one of Japan 's southern prefectures, and consists of hundreds of the Ryukyu Islands in a chain over 1000 km long which extends southwest from Kyūshū For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. is the capital of Kanagawa Prefecture, located in the Kantō region of the main island of Honshū and is a major commercial hub of the Greater Tokyo Area The journey was conceived to honor the cultural ties between Japan and Hawai‘i, which began with the visit of King Kalakaua to the Emperor Meiji in 1881 and were strengthened by the subsequent emigration of thousands of Japanese contract laborers to the Islands’ sugar plantations, many of whom remained in Hawai‘i, forever weaving their heritage into the fabric of Island life. Kalākaua I, born as David Laamea Kamanakapuu Mahinulani Nalaiaehuokalani Lumialani Kalākaua and called The Merrie Monarch ( November 16, 1836 The (3 November 1852 — 30 July 1912 or Meiji the Great was the 122nd emperor of Japan according to the traditional order of succession reigning from 3 February "Emigrant" redirects here For the Butterflies, see Catopsilia. Employment is a Contract between two parties, one being the employer and the other being the employee. Sugarcane was introduced to Hawaii by its first inhabitants in approximately 600 AD and was observed by Captain Cook upon arrival in the islands in 1778 ”
References
- ^ Will Kyselka, An Ocean in Mind, University of hawaii Press, 1986
- ^ Ben Finney et al. , "The Voyage of Rediscovery", University of California Press, 1994
- ^ Ben Finney, "Sailing in the Wake of Ancestors", University of hawaii Press
- ^ Kama Hele - The Ultimate Escort Vessel
- ^ 2007 Voyage Weblog > July 17, 2007: Kama Hele arrives home
- ^ The Voyage to Rapa Nui / 1999-2000
- ^ Kapu Na Keiki
See also
- Hawaiʻiloa
- Makaliʻi
- Waka Hourua
- Polynesian navigation
External links
- Polynesian Voyaging Society website
- PVS website on the building of Hōkūleʻa
- Uncle Charlie's personal website on Hōkūleʻa, by Charles Kauluwehi Maxwell Sr. Hawaiiloa is the hero of an ancient Hawaiian legend about the settling of the Hawaiian Islands. Polynesian navigation was a system of Navigation used by Polynesians to routinely make long voyages across thousands of miles of open Ocean.
- Honolulu Advertiser Hōkūleʻa Voyage Special
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