The Hockey World Cup, sometimes called the Hockey World Championships, is an international field hockey competition organised by the International Hockey Federation (FIH). Field hockey is a Team sport in which players attempt to score goals by hitting the Ball across the pitch with a stick The International Hockey Federation ( Fédération Internationale de Hockey sur Gazon, or FIH) is the global governing body for the Sport of Field hockey The tournament was started in 1971. It is held every four years, bridging the four years between the Summer Olympics. For Olympic ice hockey see Ice hockey at the Olympic Games Field hockey (sometimes referred to as simply hockey
There is also a Women's Hockey World Cup, which has been held since 1974 and was organised by the International Federation of Women's Hockey Associations (IFWHA) until 1981, when the governing bodies merged into the current International Hockey Federation.
Five countries have dominated the event's history. Pakistan is the most successful team, having won the tournament four times. Provincial Teams of Pakistan Baloch Lions Capital Dynamos ( Islamabad) East Bengal Tigers (1947-1970 The Netherlands have won three titles, and Germany has won two titles. The Netherlands national field hockey team is the national team of the Netherlands that participates in international Field hockey matches and tournaments The Germany national field hockey team represents Germany in international field hockey India and Australia have each won the tournament once. For the women's team see India women's national field hockey team The Indian hockey team is the national men's team representing The Australia national field hockey team (nickname Kookaburras) are the Australia 's national men's hockey team and one of the nation's most successful
The 2006 Hockey World Cup was held at the Warsteiner HockeyPark, Mönchengladbach, Germany from September 6 to September 17. The 2006 Hockey World Cup for men is the 11th edition of the Hockey World Cup. Warsteiner HockeyPark is a multi-use Stadium in Mönchengladbach, Germany. Mönchengladbach (mœnçənˈglatbax is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Events 3114 BC - According to the Proleptic Julian calendar the current era in the Maya Long Count Calendar started Events 1176 - The Battle of Myriokephalon is fought 1462 - The Battle of Świecino (or Battle of Żarnowiec Germany won for the second time, defeating Australia 4–3 in the final. The Germany national field hockey team represents Germany in international field hockey The Australia national field hockey team (nickname Kookaburras) are the Australia 's national men's hockey team and one of the nation's most successful The FIH decided to allot the next Hockey World Cup in 2010 to India. The 2010 Hockey World Cup will be the twelfth instalment of the Men's Hockey World Cup. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country [1]
Contents |
History
The Hockey World Cup was first conceived by Pakistan's Air Marshal Nur Khan. Pakistan () officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country located in South Asia, Southwest Asia, Middle East and Air Marshal Nur Khan (نور خان also written as Noor Khan (born 22 February 1923) the hero of the 1965 air war - the man who led They proposed their idea to the FIH under the name of Patrick Rowley, the first editor of World Hockey magazine. The International Hockey Federation ( Fédération Internationale de Hockey sur Gazon, or FIH) is the global governing body for the Sport of Field hockey Their idea was approved on October 26, 1969, and adopted by the FIH Council at a meeting in Brussels on April 12, 1970. The FIH decided that the inaugural World Cup would be held in October 1971, in Pakistan.
However, political issues would prevent that first competition from being played in Pakistan. Pakistan and India had been at war with each other only six years earlier. When Pakistan invited India to compete in the tournament, a crisis arose. Pakistanis, led by cricketer Abdul Hafeez Kardar, protested against India's participation in the Hockey World Cup.
In 1971, there was also a civil war (Bangladesh Liberation War) between West Pakistan and East Pakistan, which led to political instability throughout the country. The Bangladesh Liberation War (i ( Bengali: মুক্তিযুদ্ধ Muktijuddho) was an armed conflict between West Pakistan (later West Pakistan was the popular and sometimes official (1955&ndash1970 name of the western wing of Pakistan until 1971 when the eastern wing became independent East Pakistan ( Bengali: পূর্ব পাকিস্তান Purbo Pakistan, Urdu: مشرقی پاکستان Mashriqi Pakistan) was By the end of the year, this led to the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 between India and Pakistan. The Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 was a major military conflict between India and Pakistan.
Given the intense political climate between Pakistan and India, the FIH decided to move the tournament elsewhere. In March 1971, the FIH decided to move the first Hockey World Cup to the Real Club de Polo grounds in Barcelona, Spain, which was considered a neutral and peaceful European site. Barcelona ( Catalan bəɾsəˈlonə Spanish baɾθeˈlona is the capital and most populous city of the Autonomous Community of Catalonia Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. [2]
The FIH has set no requirements or limitations on the size of the competition. The 1971 Cup included only ten nations, the smallest World Cup to date. The 1978 Cup featured fourteen nations. The 2002 Cup featured sixteen nations, the largest World Cup to date.
The first three tournaments were held every two years. The 1978 Cup was the only tournament held three years from the previous tournament. Since 1982, the tournament has been held every four years, halfway between the Summer Olympics field hockey competition. For Olympic ice hockey see Ice hockey at the Olympic Games Field hockey (sometimes referred to as simply hockey
Trophy
The Hockey World Cup trophy was designed by the Bashir Moojid and created by the Pakistani Army. On March 27, 1971, in Brussels, the trophy was formally handed to FIH President Rene Frank by Mr H. Events 196 BC - Ptolemy V ascends to the throne of Egypt. 1309 - Pope Clement V excommunicates Year 1971 ( MCMLXXI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1971 Gregorian calendar. Brussels (Bruxelles pronounced; Brussel pronounced) officially the Brussels Capital-Region, is E Masood, the Pakistani Ambassador to Belgium. The trophy consists of a silver cup with an intricate floral design, surmounted by a globe of the world in silver and gold, placed on a high blade base inlaid with ivory. Silver (ˈsɪlvɚ is a Chemical element with the symbol " Ag " (argentum from the Ancient Greek: ἀργήντος - argēntos gen Gold (ˈɡoʊld is a Chemical element with the symbol Au (from its Latin name aurum) and Atomic number 79 Ivory is formed from Dentine and constitutes the bulk of the Teeth and Tusks of animals such as the Elephant, Hippopotamus, At its peak is a model hockey stick and ball. A hockey stick is a piece of equipment used in Field hockey, Ice hockey, or Roller hockey to move the ball or puck Without its base, the trophy stands 120. 85 mm high. The Millimetre ( American spelling: millimeter, symbol mm) is a unit of Length in the Metric system, equal to Including the base, the trophy stands 650 mm. The Millimetre ( American spelling: millimeter, symbol mm) is a unit of Length in the Metric system, equal to It weighs 11,560 g, including 895 g of gold, 6815 g of silver, 350 g of ivory and 3500 g of teak. For other uses of the words gram or gramme see Gram (disambiguation. Teak ( Tectona) is a genus of tropical Hardwood Trees in the family Verbenaceae, native to the south and southeast of Asia [3]
Format
The Hockey World Cup consists of a qualification stage and a final tournament stage. The format for each stage is the same.
Qualification
The qualification stage has been a part of the Hockey World Cup since 1977. All participating teams play in the qualification round. The teams divide into two or more pools and compete for a berth in the final tournament. The top two teams are automatically qualified and the rest of the berths are decided in playoffs.
Final tournament
The final tournament features the continental champions and other qualified teams. Sometimes it also features the winners of the Summer Olympics' hockey competition or the continental runners-up. The teams divide into pools once more and play a round robin tournament. A round-robin tournament or all-play-all tournament is a type of group tournament in which each participant plays every other participant an equal number of times The composition of the pools is determined using the current world rankings. The International Hockey Federation ( Fédération Internationale de Hockey sur Gazon, or FIH) is the global governing body for the Sport of Field hockey The top two teams in each pool play in the semifinals for a place in the final. The bottom two teams in the semifinals have a third place playoff. The rest of the teams have playoffs to determine their final positions. If they are third or fourth in their pool, they play for fifth place; if they are fifth or sixth in their pool, they play for ninth place.
Results
Summaries
Successful national teams
Twenty-four teams have qualified for a Hockey World Cup. The 1971 Hockey World Cup for men is the inaugural tournament of the Hockey World Cup, it held from October 15 to October 24, 1971. Barcelona ( Catalan bəɾsəˈlonə Spanish baɾθeˈlona is the capital and most populous city of the Autonomous Community of Catalonia Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Provincial Teams of Pakistan Baloch Lions Capital Dynamos ( Islamabad) East Bengal Tigers (1947-1970 The Spain national field hockey team represents Spain in the international field hockey competitions For the women's team see India women's national field hockey team The Indian hockey team is the national men's team representing Aggregated Extra Time (AET, commonly known as extra time is an additional period played in some sports codes if the score is tied at the end of normal time is a municipality and a city in the Netherlands, in the province of North Holland. The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands The Netherlands national field hockey team is the national team of the Netherlands that participates in international Field hockey matches and tournaments For the women's team see India women's national field hockey team The Indian hockey team is the national men's team representing The Germany national field hockey team represents Germany in international field hockey Provincial Teams of Pakistan Baloch Lions Capital Dynamos ( Islamabad) East Bengal Tigers (1947-1970 Kuala Lumpur (ˈkwɑːləlʊmˈpʊər Malay /kwɑlɑlʊmpʊ/ and locally /kwɑləlʊmpɔ/ or even /kɔlɔmpɔ/ or often abbreviated as K For the biogeographical region see Malesia Malaysia (məˈleɪʒə or /məˈleɪziə/ is a country that consists of thirteen states and For the women's team see India women's national field hockey team The Indian hockey team is the national men's team representing Provincial Teams of Pakistan Baloch Lions Capital Dynamos ( Islamabad) East Bengal Tigers (1947-1970 The Germany national field hockey team represents Germany in international field hockey The Malaysia national field hockey team is Malaysia 's representative in Field hockey tournaments around the world Buenos Aires is the Capital and largest city of Argentina. It is geographically located on the southern shore of the Río de la Plata, on the southeastern For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Argentina topics. Provincial Teams of Pakistan Baloch Lions Capital Dynamos ( Islamabad) East Bengal Tigers (1947-1970 The Netherlands national field hockey team is the national team of the Netherlands that participates in international Field hockey matches and tournaments The Australia national field hockey team (nickname Kookaburras) are the Australia 's national men's hockey team and one of the nation's most successful The Germany national field hockey team represents Germany in international field hockey Mumbai ( Marathi:,, IPA: formerly Bombay, is the capital of the Indian state of Maharashtra and the financial India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country Provincial Teams of Pakistan Baloch Lions Capital Dynamos ( Islamabad) East Bengal Tigers (1947-1970 The Germany national field hockey team represents Germany in international field hockey The Australia national field hockey team (nickname Kookaburras) are the Australia 's national men's hockey team and one of the nation's most successful The Netherlands national field hockey team is the national team of the Netherlands that participates in international Field hockey matches and tournaments London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland The Australia national field hockey team (nickname Kookaburras) are the Australia 's national men's hockey team and one of the nation's most successful The England national field hockey team represents England in international Field hockey. The Germany national field hockey team represents Germany in international field hockey Aggregated Extra Time (AET, commonly known as extra time is an additional period played in some sports codes if the score is tied at the end of normal time ( lahor is the capital of the Pakistani province of Punjab and is the second largest city in Pakistan after Karachi. Pakistan () officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country located in South Asia, Southwest Asia, Middle East and The Netherlands national field hockey team is the national team of the Netherlands that participates in international Field hockey matches and tournaments Provincial Teams of Pakistan Baloch Lions Capital Dynamos ( Islamabad) East Bengal Tigers (1947-1970 The Australia national field hockey team (nickname Kookaburras) are the Australia 's national men's hockey team and one of the nation's most successful Aggregated Extra Time (AET, commonly known as extra time is an additional period played in some sports codes if the score is tied at the end of normal time The Germany national field hockey team represents Germany in international field hockey Sydney (ˈsɪdniː is the most populous city in Australia, with a Metropolitan area population of approximately 4 For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. Provincial Teams of Pakistan Baloch Lions Capital Dynamos ( Islamabad) East Bengal Tigers (1947-1970 The Netherlands national field hockey team is the national team of the Netherlands that participates in international Field hockey matches and tournaments The Australia national field hockey team (nickname Kookaburras) are the Australia 's national men's hockey team and one of the nation's most successful The Germany national field hockey team represents Germany in international field hockey Utrecht ( city and municipality is the capital and most populous city of the Dutch province of Utrecht. The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands The Netherlands national field hockey team is the national team of the Netherlands that participates in international Field hockey matches and tournaments Aggregated Extra Time (AET, commonly known as extra time is an additional period played in some sports codes if the score is tied at the end of normal time The Spain national field hockey team represents Spain in the international field hockey competitions The Australia national field hockey team (nickname Kookaburras) are the Australia 's national men's hockey team and one of the nation's most successful The Germany national field hockey team represents Germany in international field hockey The 2002 Hockey World Cup for men is the 10th tournament of the Hockey World Cup, held from February 24 to March 9, 2002 in Kuala Lumpur Kuala Lumpur (ˈkwɑːləlʊmˈpʊər Malay /kwɑlɑlʊmpʊ/ and locally /kwɑləlʊmpɔ/ or even /kɔlɔmpɔ/ or often abbreviated as K For the biogeographical region see Malesia Malaysia (məˈleɪʒə or /məˈleɪziə/ is a country that consists of thirteen states and The Germany national field hockey team represents Germany in international field hockey The Australia national field hockey team (nickname Kookaburras) are the Australia 's national men's hockey team and one of the nation's most successful The Netherlands national field hockey team is the national team of the Netherlands that participates in international Field hockey matches and tournaments Aggregated Extra Time (AET, commonly known as extra time is an additional period played in some sports codes if the score is tied at the end of normal time The 2006 Hockey World Cup for men is the 11th edition of the Hockey World Cup. Mönchengladbach (mœnçənˈglatbax is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. The Germany national field hockey team represents Germany in international field hockey The Australia national field hockey team (nickname Kookaburras) are the Australia 's national men's hockey team and one of the nation's most successful The Spain national field hockey team represents Spain in the international field hockey competitions Aggregated Extra Time (AET, commonly known as extra time is an additional period played in some sports codes if the score is tied at the end of normal time The 2010 Hockey World Cup will be the twelfth instalment of the Men's Hockey World Cup. New Delhi (नई दिल्ली ਨਵੀਂ ਦਿੱਲੀ نئی دلی is the Capital city of India. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country Of these, eleven teams have made it to the semifinals. Seven teams have made it through to the finals. To date, Pakistan has been the most successful team in the World Cup, with four titles and six appearances in the final. The Netherlands have also been successful, with three titles and five appearances in the final.
Germany has been the most successful team in the World Cup in recent years. They won the tournament in 2002 and 2006. In addition, Germany has reached the semifinals in every World Cup except for the inaugural tournament in 1971.
Below is a list of teams that have finished in the top four positions in the tournament:
| Team | Titles | Runners-up | Third-place | Fourth-place |
|---|---|---|---|---|
 Pakistan |
4 (1971, 1978, 1982, 1994) | 2 (1975, 1990*) | 1 (1973) | |
 Netherlands |
3 (1973*, 1990, 1998*) | 2 (1978, 1994) | 1 (2002) | 1 (1982) |
 Germany |
2 (2002, 2006*) | 1 (1982) | 4 (1973, 1975, 1986, 1998) | 3 (1978, 1990, 1994) |
 Australia |
1 (1986) | 2 (2002, 2006) | 4 (1978, 1982, 1990, 1994*) | 1 (1998) |
 India |
1 (1975) | 1 (1973) | 1 (1971) | |
 Spain |
2 (1971*, 1998) | 1 (2006) | ||
 England |
1 (1986*) | |||
 Korea |
2 (2002, 2006) | |||
 Kenya |
1 (1971) | |||
 Malaysia |
1 (1975*) | |||
 Soviet Union# |
1 (1986) |
- * = host
- # = no longer in existence
Performance by host nations
Nine nations have hosted the Hockey World Cup. Provincial Teams of Pakistan Baloch Lions Capital Dynamos ( Islamabad) East Bengal Tigers (1947-1970 The Netherlands national field hockey team is the national team of the Netherlands that participates in international Field hockey matches and tournaments The Germany national field hockey team represents Germany in international field hockey The Australia national field hockey team (nickname Kookaburras) are the Australia 's national men's hockey team and one of the nation's most successful For the women's team see India women's national field hockey team The Indian hockey team is the national men's team representing The Spain national field hockey team represents Spain in the international field hockey competitions The England national field hockey team represents England in international Field hockey. The Malaysia national field hockey team is Malaysia 's representative in Field hockey tournaments around the world Only the Netherlands (1973 and 1998) and Germany (2006) have won the tournament as hosts. The 2006 Hockey World Cup for men is the 11th edition of the Hockey World Cup. Spain, England, and Pakistan emerged as host runners-up in the 1971, 1986 and 1990 tournaments. The 1971 Hockey World Cup for men is the inaugural tournament of the Hockey World Cup, it held from October 15 to October 24, 1971. Australia placed third when it hosted the 1994 tournament in Sydney. Sydney (ˈsɪdniː is the most populous city in Australia, with a Metropolitan area population of approximately 4
Performance by continental zones
To date, the finals of the Hockey World Cup have been contested by Asian, European and Oceania continental teams. The European Hockey Federation is an European Sports federation for Field hockey, based in Dublin, Ireland. Asian and European teams are tied with five titles each. Australia is the only team from Oceania to win the tournament. The Americas is the only continental zone that has not made an appearance in a Hockey World Cup semifinal.
| Continent | Best performance |
|---|---|
| Asian | 5 titles, won by Pakistan (4) and India (1) |
| European | 5 titles, won by Netherlands (3) and Germany (2) |
| Oceania | 1 title, won by Australia |
| African | fourth place (Kenya, 1971) |
| Americas | Sixth place (Argentina, 1986) |
Team appearances
| Team | 71 | 73 | 75 | 78 | 82 | 86 | 90 | 94 | 98 | 02 | 06 | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Germany |
X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | 11 |
| India |
X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | 11 |
| Spain |
X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | 11 |
| Netherlands |
X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | 11 |
| Pakistan |
X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | 11 |
 Argentina |
X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | 10 | |
| Australia |
X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | 10 | |
| England |
X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | 10 | |
 New Zealand |
X | X | X | X | X | X | X | 7 | ||||
| Malaysia |
X | X | X | X | X | X | 6 | |||||
 Poland |
X | X | X | X | X | X | 6 | |||||
.svg/22px-Flag_of_Belgium_(civil).svg.png){kind=small} Belgium |
X | X | X | X | 4 | |||||||
 Canada |
X | X | X | X | 4 | |||||||
 Japan |
X | X | X | X | 4 | |||||||
| Korea |
X | X | X | X | 4 | |||||||
 South Africa |
X | X | X | 3 | ||||||||
| Soviet Union# |
X | X | X | 3 | ||||||||
 France |
X | X | 2 | |||||||||
 Ireland |
X | X | 2 | |||||||||
| Kenya |
X | X | 2 | |||||||||
 Belarus |
X | 1 | ||||||||||
 Ghana |
X | 1 | ||||||||||
 Italy |
X | 1 |
- # = no longer in existence
See also
- Women's Hockey World Cup
- Junior Hockey World Cup
- Junior Women's Hockey World Cup
References
- ^ India To Host 2010 Men's Hockey World Cup. Provincial Teams of Pakistan Baloch Lions Capital Dynamos ( Islamabad) East Bengal Tigers (1947-1970 For the women's team see India women's national field hockey team The Indian hockey team is the national men's team representing The European Hockey Federation is an European Sports federation for Field hockey, based in Dublin, Ireland. The Netherlands national field hockey team is the national team of the Netherlands that participates in international Field hockey matches and tournaments The Germany national field hockey team represents Germany in international field hockey The Australia national field hockey team (nickname Kookaburras) are the Australia 's national men's hockey team and one of the nation's most successful The 1971 Hockey World Cup for men is the inaugural tournament of the Hockey World Cup, it held from October 15 to October 24, 1971. The Argentina national field hockey team represents Argentina in the international field hockey competitions The Germany national field hockey team represents Germany in international field hockey For the women's team see India women's national field hockey team The Indian hockey team is the national men's team representing The Spain national field hockey team represents Spain in the international field hockey competitions The Netherlands national field hockey team is the national team of the Netherlands that participates in international Field hockey matches and tournaments Provincial Teams of Pakistan Baloch Lions Capital Dynamos ( Islamabad) East Bengal Tigers (1947-1970 The Argentina national field hockey team represents Argentina in the international field hockey competitions The Australia national field hockey team (nickname Kookaburras) are the Australia 's national men's hockey team and one of the nation's most successful The England national field hockey team represents England in international Field hockey. The Black Sticks Men are New Zealand 's men's national Field hockey team The Malaysia national field hockey team is Malaysia 's representative in Field hockey tournaments around the world The Belgium national field hockey team represents Belgium in the international field hockey competitions The Canada national field hockey team represents Canada in the international field hockey competitions The Japan national field hockey team represents Japan in the international field hockey competitions Ireland national field hockey team is the team that represents Ireland in men's international Field hockey tournaments The Junior Hockey World Cup, is an international Field hockey competition organised by the International Hockey Federation (FIH. The Junior Women's Hockey World Cup, is an international Field hockey competition organised by the International Hockey Federation (FIH. Retrieved on 2007-03-28. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 37 - Roman Emperor Caligula accepts the titles of the Principate, entitled to him by the Senate.
- ^ World Cup Hockey. Retrieved on 2006-08-02. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 338 BC - A Macedonian army led by Philip II defeated the combined forces of Athens and Thebes in the
- ^ The World Cup - A Masterpiece. Retrieved on 2006-08-15. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 778 - The Battle of Roncevaux Pass, at which Roland is killed
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